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題名 瑞典積極勞動市場政策之研究
The study on Swedish active labour market policies
作者 謝嘉文
Hsieh, Chia-Wen
貢獻者 張其恆
謝嘉文
Hsieh, Chia-Wen
關鍵詞 積極勞動市場政策
瑞典模式
歐洲就業政策
Active labour market policies
Swedish model
European Employment Stragety
日期 2008
上傳時間 14-Sep-2009 13:13:44 (UTC+8)
摘要 瑞典是世界上最早開始實施積極勞動市場政策的國家之一,同時也是目前世界上最致力於實施積極勞動市場政策的國家之一。積極勞動市場政策在瑞典的勞動就業中佔有重要地位,並且也是瑞典勞動就業政策以及瑞典模型的一個基本特徵。瑞典積極勞動市場政策充分開發並利用了邊緣勞動力,提高了勞動參與率,促進了不同部門之間勞動力的合理配置,但其高昂的支出也加重了財政負擔,減少了正規就業。
      換言之,積極勞動市場政策已成為瑞典經濟與政治政策的註冊商標。回顧1930年代具體的制度措施,有助於解釋近年來瑞典如何成功地結合高福利與經濟增長和高就業水準。對充分就業承諾與以積極的態度來面對開放經濟所帶來的結構變化,其最終目的在於保障就業。而在此體制的背後是強大的社會合作夥伴奧援。儘管全球化對瑞典模式造成不少壓力,惟最近的經驗顯示瑞典模式是可持續的。
      雖然在促進就業方面瑞典所採行之政策與我國有若干相似之處,包括強調積極勞動市場措施的重要性,對直接僱用、薪資補貼與職業訓練投入大筆經費等,但他山之石可以攻錯,就瑞典積極勞動市場政策之探討結論本研究提出以下建議:(一)就業能力與方案類型存在一定的關聯性,故應對方案參與者有較多評估,並協助其選擇及參與適當的促進就業方案以及注意不同促進就業措施的競合關係,使之減少方案間排擠現象,發揮方案間加乘效果;(二)不同景氣狀況宜適用不同促進就業措施與建立完整方案參與者之長期追蹤資料庫,以利評估和政策導引;(三)調整積極性勞動市場措施之內容,縮減直接僱用的規模;(四)行政層級職掌分工與就業政策之彈性因應化;(五)修訂賦稅制度、促進工作激勵制度。
Sweden is one of the countries in the world coming into force an active labour market policy at the earliest stage, and one of the countries with policy efforts which currently commits to carry out an active labor market policy. The active labor market policy takes an important position in Sweden labour market , and a main characteristic of Sweden labour market policies and Swedish Model. It develops and makes good use of the marginal labour force , improves the labour force participation rate , and promotes the rational allocation of labour between different departments. But its high expenditure adds to the financial burden , and reduces the formal employment .
      In words, an active labour market policy has been a trademark of Swedish economic policies. Specific institutional features which go way back to the 1930s help to explain why Sweden have been so relatively successful in recent years in combining high welfare with economic growth and high employment levels. A commitment to full employment and to an open economy brought about a proactive attitude towards structural change, aiming at protecting employment. The institutional framework behind is strong social partners. Even though globalization puts additional pressure on the system and demands ever more skilful political and economic governance, most recent experiences suggest that the model might be sustainable.
      To promote the employment, Swedish and Taiwan take some similar policy measures. Although there are a number of similarities, including the emphasis on active labour market measures, the importance of direct employment creation, vocational training and wage subsidies for large investment funds, there are still the followings worthwhile for our country to learn as an advice from others may help one’s defects.Therefore, this study makes the following recommendations:(a)there is a certain relevance between employability and the type of programmes. We need to assist participants to choose and participate in appropriate programmes to promote employment;(b)to pay attention to the promotion measures to reduce the crowding out among programs; make programs synergistic;(c)to adjust the contents of the labor market measures to reduce the scale of direct employment creation;(d)to take some employment measures according to differnt economic situation to promote employment and establish the long-term database of the programme participants to track and facilitate the assessment and policy guidance; (e)to amend the tax system to promote work incentives.
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三、網路資源
1. 功能社會主義Functional socialism:a swedish theory for democratic socialism http://rwxy.tsinghua.edu.cn/rwfg/lk/lk2/lk2-44-1.htm
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8. 瑞典2008-2010 成長與工作改革方案The Swedish Reform Programme for Growth and Jobs 2008 to 2010 http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Work-live/Find-a-job/Facts/The-Swedish-Reform-Programme-for-Growth-and-Jobs-2008-to-2010/
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
勞工研究所
96262003
97
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096262003
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 張其恆zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 謝嘉文zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hsieh, Chia-Wenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 謝嘉文zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hsieh, Chia-Wenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2008en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-Sep-2009 13:13:44 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-Sep-2009 13:13:44 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-Sep-2009 13:13:44 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0096262003en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/32142-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 勞工研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96262003zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 瑞典是世界上最早開始實施積極勞動市場政策的國家之一,同時也是目前世界上最致力於實施積極勞動市場政策的國家之一。積極勞動市場政策在瑞典的勞動就業中佔有重要地位,並且也是瑞典勞動就業政策以及瑞典模型的一個基本特徵。瑞典積極勞動市場政策充分開發並利用了邊緣勞動力,提高了勞動參與率,促進了不同部門之間勞動力的合理配置,但其高昂的支出也加重了財政負擔,減少了正規就業。
      換言之,積極勞動市場政策已成為瑞典經濟與政治政策的註冊商標。回顧1930年代具體的制度措施,有助於解釋近年來瑞典如何成功地結合高福利與經濟增長和高就業水準。對充分就業承諾與以積極的態度來面對開放經濟所帶來的結構變化,其最終目的在於保障就業。而在此體制的背後是強大的社會合作夥伴奧援。儘管全球化對瑞典模式造成不少壓力,惟最近的經驗顯示瑞典模式是可持續的。
      雖然在促進就業方面瑞典所採行之政策與我國有若干相似之處,包括強調積極勞動市場措施的重要性,對直接僱用、薪資補貼與職業訓練投入大筆經費等,但他山之石可以攻錯,就瑞典積極勞動市場政策之探討結論本研究提出以下建議:(一)就業能力與方案類型存在一定的關聯性,故應對方案參與者有較多評估,並協助其選擇及參與適當的促進就業方案以及注意不同促進就業措施的競合關係,使之減少方案間排擠現象,發揮方案間加乘效果;(二)不同景氣狀況宜適用不同促進就業措施與建立完整方案參與者之長期追蹤資料庫,以利評估和政策導引;(三)調整積極性勞動市場措施之內容,縮減直接僱用的規模;(四)行政層級職掌分工與就業政策之彈性因應化;(五)修訂賦稅制度、促進工作激勵制度。
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dc.description.abstract (摘要) Sweden is one of the countries in the world coming into force an active labour market policy at the earliest stage, and one of the countries with policy efforts which currently commits to carry out an active labor market policy. The active labor market policy takes an important position in Sweden labour market , and a main characteristic of Sweden labour market policies and Swedish Model. It develops and makes good use of the marginal labour force , improves the labour force participation rate , and promotes the rational allocation of labour between different departments. But its high expenditure adds to the financial burden , and reduces the formal employment .
      In words, an active labour market policy has been a trademark of Swedish economic policies. Specific institutional features which go way back to the 1930s help to explain why Sweden have been so relatively successful in recent years in combining high welfare with economic growth and high employment levels. A commitment to full employment and to an open economy brought about a proactive attitude towards structural change, aiming at protecting employment. The institutional framework behind is strong social partners. Even though globalization puts additional pressure on the system and demands ever more skilful political and economic governance, most recent experiences suggest that the model might be sustainable.
      To promote the employment, Swedish and Taiwan take some similar policy measures. Although there are a number of similarities, including the emphasis on active labour market measures, the importance of direct employment creation, vocational training and wage subsidies for large investment funds, there are still the followings worthwhile for our country to learn as an advice from others may help one’s defects.Therefore, this study makes the following recommendations:(a)there is a certain relevance between employability and the type of programmes. We need to assist participants to choose and participate in appropriate programmes to promote employment;(b)to pay attention to the promotion measures to reduce the crowding out among programs; make programs synergistic;(c)to adjust the contents of the labor market measures to reduce the scale of direct employment creation;(d)to take some employment measures according to differnt economic situation to promote employment and establish the long-term database of the programme participants to track and facilitate the assessment and policy guidance; (e)to amend the tax system to promote work incentives.
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dc.description.tableofcontents 摘要 I
     圖目錄 V
     表目錄 V
     第壹章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究動機與目的 7
     第二節 研究方法與研究限制 13
     第三節 章節安排 16
     第貳章 瑞典積極勞動市場政策之背景 20
     第一節 瑞典國家背景 20
     第二節 瑞典勞資關係之發展 31
     第三節 小結 49
     第參章 瑞典積極勞動市場政策理念及其意識形態基礎 51
     第一節 意識形態 51
     第二節 福利國家興起之意識形態 56
     第三節 瑞典福利國家意識形態之發展 61
     第四節 小結 70
     第肆章 瑞典積極勞動市場政策之內涵 72
     第一節 瑞典積極勞動市場政策之歷史背景 72
     第二節 瑞典積極勞動市場政策之主要內容 78
     第三節 瑞典勞動市場之現況 90
     第四節 小結 111
     第伍章 瑞典積極勞動市場政策之因應 113
     第一節 歐盟就業策略發展背景及其過程 113
     第二節 瑞典對「歐洲就業策略」與歐盟「里斯本策略」的回應 126
     第三節 歐盟各國「歐盟就業策略」之成效 135
     第陸章 結論與建議 143
     第一節 結論 143
     第二節 建議 149
     參考文獻 154
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096262003en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 積極勞動市場政策zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 瑞典模式zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 歐洲就業政策zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Active labour market policiesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Swedish modelen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) European Employment Stragetyen_US
dc.title (題名) 瑞典積極勞動市場政策之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The study on Swedish active labour market policiesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 19. European Commission,(2001). EU Employment and Social Policy 1999-2001, Luxembourg: EC.zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 23. Joint Employment Report 2003/2004, Brussels, 21 January 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 24. Koning, J., Mosley, H., and Schmid, G.(2001). Introduction. In Jaap de Koning and Hugh Mosley (eds.). Labour Market Policy and Unemployment: Impact and Process Evaluations in Selected European Countries. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 三、網路資源zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. 功能社會主義Functional socialism:a swedish theory for democratic socialism http://rwxy.tsinghua.edu.cn/rwfg/lk/lk2/lk2-44-1.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. 社民黨布萊梅草案www.dbjr.de/uploadfiles/14_1945_Bremer%20Entwurf%20Grundsatzprogramm.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3. 社會民主的起源與歷史發展http://labor.ngo.org.tw/social_democracy/sdd.htm#a1zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4. 社會黨國際(SI)網站 http://www.socialistinternational.org/viewArticle.cfm?ArticlePageID=20zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5. 美國IRS網站 http://www.irs.gov/index.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6. 國際勞工組織:就業能力與技能International Labour Organization Skills and Employability Department http://www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/skills/hrdr/init/swe_17.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7. 斯洛伐尼亞外交部網站 http://www.svez.gov.si/en/highlights/lisbon_strategy/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8. 瑞典2008-2010 成長與工作改革方案The Swedish Reform Programme for Growth and Jobs 2008 to 2010 http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Work-live/Find-a-job/Facts/The-Swedish-Reform-Programme-for-Growth-and-Jobs-2008-to-2010/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9. 瑞典2009春季財政預算The 2009 Spring Fiscal Bill - a responsible policy to secure welfare at : http://www.sweden.gov.se/sb/d/11760/a/124400zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10. 瑞典企業聯盟http://www.svensktnaringsliv.se/english/article16830.ecezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11. 瑞典成人教育Adult Education(Komvux) http://www.lycksele.se/templates/Page.aspx?id=17930zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12. 瑞典性別平等與整合事務部:2008政策發展更新Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality(2008)update on policy developments http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/62/27/41706122.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13. 瑞典社會民主黨網站http://www.socialdemokraterna.sezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14. 瑞典政府官方網站:瑞典社會保障與社會包容2006-2008策略報告Sweden`s strategy report for social protection and social inclusion 2006-2008 http://www.regeringen.se/sb/d/8453/a/82977zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 15. 瑞典政府對於經濟衰退之回應Government action in response to the financial turmoil and economic downturn http://www.sweden.gov.se/sb/d/11500/a/119000zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 16. 瑞典政府辦公室:工作與企業誘因Government Offices of Sweden:Incentives for jobs and enterprise http://www.sweden.gov.se/sb/d/11785/a/122825zh_TW