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題名 信用評等與股票流動性
作者 謝婷韻
貢獻者 屠美亞<br>黃俞寧
謝婷韻
關鍵詞 信用評等
流動性
panel data model
simultaneous model
日期 2008
上傳時間 14-Sep-2009 13:30:15 (UTC+8)
摘要 2007年中次級房貸爆發後,美國信用評等機構的中立地位,受到質疑以及攻擊。回顧過去評等的,國際信評公司對美國恩隆(Enron),在爆發前才降為「投機等級」;在亞洲金融危機發生之後,歐美信評公司普遍給予亞洲國家過低之評等,對亞洲地區經濟復甦造成一定程度之負面效應。一連串的金融事件引發了投資人對於信用評等效力的疑慮:信用評等還是能代表中立客觀的評價嗎?是否擁有較公開財務資料更多更完整的訊息?果真如此,對於問題的發生是否有發現及反應的能力?本研究利用相對買賣價差以及Panel data、Simultaneous Model檢測信用評等對股票流動性之影響,再進一步討論信評與財務結構的關係實證分析信用評等對台灣證券市場流動性存在正向關係,並且影響財務結構。本研究實証結果的價值是提供影響市場流動性的因素中,信用評等也是促成流動性的原因之ㄧ。信用評等所帶來的流動性提供了對投資者、金融機構以及資本市場更穩定並且更有效率的機制。
參考文獻 一、中文部份
1.馬黛,1989,證券市場特性之研究—臺灣股市流動性之衡量與分析。行政院國家科學委員會研究計畫成果報告,行政院國家科學委員會。
2.鄭豐智,1992,股票股利對股票流動性的影響,大同工學院事業經營研究所碩士論文。
3.藍新仁,1993,台灣股票集中市場與店頭市場變現性之研究,國立中正大學財務金融學系研究所論文。
4.中華信用評等公司,1997,評等的功能與角色。
5.胡星陽,1998,流動性對臺灣股市報酬率的影響。中國財務學刊 。
6.劉景中,1998,台灣地區上市公司無償配股宣告期間買賣價差行為之實證研究,中國文化大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。
7.詹場、胡星陽,1999,流動性衡量方法之綜合評論。國家科學委員會研究彙刊。
8.中華信用評等公司,2000,企業信用評等準則。
9.游淑萍,2001,信用評等展望和股價相關研究,交通大學管理科學系碩士論文。
10.賴佩瑜,2001,股票股利對流動性影響之實證研究--以台灣市場為例。
11.李美樺,2002,台灣綜合券商信用評等實証模型研究。
12.張智堯,2005,企業信用評等改變宣告在新興市場的資訊內容-以台灣市場為例。
13.計畫主持人:薛綺,共同主持人:李馨蘋、柯瓊鳳,研究助理:許仲傑、陳又瑋、林哲弘、洪上為,當前金融機構如何結合公司治理與風險管理的研究,委託單位:金融研究發展基金管理委員會,執行單位:台灣金融研訓院
14.李俊賢,2004,信用評等之產業別財務比率測試,長庚大學企業管理系論文
二、西文部份
1.Altman and Rijken, 2004 , An introduction to recent research on credit ratings , Journal of Banking and Finance , pp.2565-2573
2.Amihud, Yako and Mendelson, Haim, 1986 , Liquidity and Stock Returns, Financial Analysts Journal 42, pp.43-49.
3.Amihud, Yako and Mendelson, Haim, 1988 , Liquidity and Asset Price: Financial Management Implications , Financial Management , pp.5-15.
4.Amihud, Y., and Mendelson H., 1989 , The effect of computer base trading on volatility and liquidity, Jpn. World Econ. 1, pp.341–370.
5.Amihud, Y., H. Mendelson and B. Lauterbach, 1997 , Market Microstructure and Securities Value: Evidence from the Tel Aviv Stock Exchang, Journal of Financial Economics 45 , pp. 365-390.
6.Bernstein, 1987 , Liquidity, Stock Markets, and Market Makers, Financial Management Summer , pp.54-62.
7.Berkman, H. and V.R. Eleswarapu, 1998 , Short-term Traders and Liquidity: A Test Using Bombay Stock Exchange Data , Journal of Financial Economics 47 , pp. 339-355.
8.Bina Lehmann, 2003 , Is It Worth the While? The Relevance of Qualitative Information in Credit Rating,EFMA 2003 Helinski Meetings
9.Brennan, M.J., Subrahmanyam, A., 1996 ,Market microstructure and asset pricing: on the compensation for illiquidity in stock returns, Journal of Financial Economics 41 , pp.341–364.
10.Branch, B., & Freed, W. , 1977 ,Bid-asked spreads on the AMEX and the big board, The Journal of Finance 32 (1), pp.159-163.
11.Benston, G.J. and R.L. Hagerman, 1978 , Risk, Volume and Spread, Financial Analysts Journal, pp46-49.
12.Berkman, H. and V.R. Eleswarapu, 1998 , Short-term Traders and Liquidity: A Test Using Bombay Stock Exchange Data, Journal of Financial Economics 47 , p339-355.
13.Chan, C., and Hu, S. Y., 2000 ,Trading frequency and stock volatility , Journal of Empirical Finance 10, pp.249-269.
14.Copeland, T. E., and Galai, D, 1983 ,Information effects on the bid-ask spread,Journal of Finance 5 , pp.1457-1469.
14.Carol Ann Frost, 2006 ,Credit rating Agencies in Capital Markets: A Review of Research Evidence on Selected Criticisms of the Agencies,Journal of Accounting, Auditing, and Finance, Forthcoming.
15.Cooper, Groth and Avera, 1985 , Liquidity, Exchange Listing, and Common Stock Performance, Journal of Economics and Business , pp.19-33.
16.Duff and S. Einig, 2008 , Credit Rating Agencies:Meeting the Needs of the Market? Cambridge Univ Press.
17.De Jong, F., Nijman, T., and Roëll, A., 1996 ,Price effects of trading and components of the bid-ask spread on the Paris Bourse, Journa of Empirical Finance 3 , pp193-213.
18.Darren J. Kisgen, 2006 ,Credit Ratings and Capital Structure, The Journal of Finance 61, pp1035-1072.
19.Dirk Czarnitzki, 2006 ,Are Ratings Valuable Information?Zen Discussion Paper No.04-07, Forthcoming.
20.D.A. Dubofsky and Growth, J.C., 1984, Exchange Listing and Stock Liquidity, Journal of Financial Research , pp.291-302.
21.Demesetz, H., 1968 , The Costs of Transacting, Quarterly Journal of Economics 82, pp.33-53.
22.D.A. Dubofsky and Growth, J.C., 1984 , Exchange Listing and Stock Liquidity, Journal of Financial Research , pp. 291-302.
23.Ederington and Goh , 1996 , Bond Rating Agencies and Stock Analysts: Who Knows What When? Working Paper Series.
24.Edward I. Altman and Herbert A. Rijken, 2004 ,How rating agencies achieve rating stability?Journal of Banking & Finance 28. , pp.2679-2714
25.Elizabeth R. Odders-White, Mark J. Ready, 2005 , Credit Ratings and Stock Liquidity. Review of Financial Studies 19, pp. 119-157
26.Hasbrouck, Joel, Schwartz and Robert A., 1988, Liquidity and Execution Costs in Equity Markets, Journal of Portfolio Management , pp. 10-16.
27.Jeffery D. Amato¡ and Craig H. Furfine, 2004 ,Are redit ratings procyclical?, Journal of Banking & Finance 28 , pp. 2641-2677.
28.John R. M. Hand,Robert W. Holthausen and Richard W. Leftwich, 1992 ,The Effect of Bond Rating Agency Announcements on Bond and Stock Prices,Journal of Financel 47, pp.733-752
29.Koresh Galil, 2003 ,The Quality of Corporate Credit Rating:An Empirical,EFMA 2003 Helsinki Meetings.
30.Louis H. Ederington, 1998 ,Bond Rating Agencies and Stock Analysts: Who Knows What When?Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 333 , pp569-585
31.Manfred Steiner , Volker G. Heinke, 2001 ,Event study concerning international bond price effects of credit rating actions, Journal of International Financial markets , Institutions and Money 17, pp261-276.
32.Marsh, T. and K. Rock, 1986 , Exchange Listing and Liquidity: A Comparsion of the American Stock Exchange with the NASDAQ National Market System: American Stock Exchange ,Transaction Data Research Project Report #2.
33.Martin, P., 1975 , Analysis of Impact of Competitive Rates on the Liquidity of NYSE Stocks, Economics Staff Paper, Securities and Exchange Commission.
34.Massimb, M.N. and B.D. Phelps, 1994 , Electronic Trading, Market Structure and Liquidity. Financial Analysts Journal, pp.39-50.
35.Rosita P. Chang , Shuh-Tzy Hsu , Nai-Kuan Huang and S. Ghon Rhee, 2003 ,The effects of trading methods on volatility and liquidity: Evidence from the Taiwan stock exchange , Journal of Business Finance &Accounting 26 , pp733-52
36.Schwartz, R., 1991 ,Reshaping the Equity Markets: A Guide for the 1990s,Harper Business, USA.
37.Her-Jiun Sheu, and Kuang-Ping Ku, An Empirical Study of Forecasting Power of Turnover and Book-to-Price for Stock Returns in Taiwan, 1997 , Ninth Annual PACAP Finance Conference, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,
38.Tinic, S.M. and R.r. West, 1972 , Competition and the Pricing of Dealer Service in the OTC Stock Markets, Journal of financial and Quantitative Analysis, pp.1707-1727.
39.Thomas Mählmann, 2008 , Rating agencies and the role of rating publication rights, , Journal of Banking and Finance , pp2412-2422.
40.Welker, M. , 1995 ,Disclosure Policy, Information Asymmetry and Liquidity in Equity Markets, Contemporary Accounting Research, PP801-827.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經濟研究所
95258021
97
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095258021
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 屠美亞<br>黃俞寧zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 謝婷韻zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 謝婷韻zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2008en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-Sep-2009 13:30:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-Sep-2009 13:30:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-Sep-2009 13:30:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095258021en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/32249-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經濟研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95258021zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 2007年中次級房貸爆發後,美國信用評等機構的中立地位,受到質疑以及攻擊。回顧過去評等的,國際信評公司對美國恩隆(Enron),在爆發前才降為「投機等級」;在亞洲金融危機發生之後,歐美信評公司普遍給予亞洲國家過低之評等,對亞洲地區經濟復甦造成一定程度之負面效應。一連串的金融事件引發了投資人對於信用評等效力的疑慮:信用評等還是能代表中立客觀的評價嗎?是否擁有較公開財務資料更多更完整的訊息?果真如此,對於問題的發生是否有發現及反應的能力?本研究利用相對買賣價差以及Panel data、Simultaneous Model檢測信用評等對股票流動性之影響,再進一步討論信評與財務結構的關係實證分析信用評等對台灣證券市場流動性存在正向關係,並且影響財務結構。本研究實証結果的價值是提供影響市場流動性的因素中,信用評等也是促成流動性的原因之ㄧ。信用評等所帶來的流動性提供了對投資者、金融機構以及資本市場更穩定並且更有效率的機制。zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章:序論
     1.1:研究動機
     1.2:研究目的 
     1.3:論文架構
     第二章:文獻回顧
     2.1:探討信用評等
     2.1.1:信用評等重要性
     2.1.2:探討信用評等疑慮
     2.1.3:探究信用評等過程、方法之問題
     2.1.4:信用評等的價值
     2.1.5:針對信評方式之改良
     2.2:流動性的定義及重要性
     2.2.1:流動性的定義
     2.2.2:流動性的重要性
     2.3:信用評等對公司資本結構產生的影響
     2.3.1:信用評等可以反映企業股票價值並且影響公司治理
     2.3.2:信用評等與資本結構存在相關性
     2.4:小結
     第三章:研究方法
     3.1:資料來源
     3.1.1:變數資料取得以及研究期間
     3.2變數選取
     3.2.1主要變數一:信用評等
     3.2.2主要變數二:流動性衡量
     3.2.3:資本結構變數選取
     3.2:計量方法的評估
     3.2.1:Panel Data 模型的介紹
     3.2.2:聯立方程模型
     第四章:實證結果
     4.1:各變數間相關係數
     4.2:Panel Data模型
     4.2.1:信用評等為應變數
     4.2.2:相對價差為應變數
     4.3:聯立方程模型
     4.3.1:信用評等為應變數
     4.3.2:相對價差為應變數
     4.4:小結
     第五章:結論以及研究限制
     5.1:結論
     5.1.1:信用評等與流動性
     5.1.2:信用評等與資本結構
     5.1.3:信用評等以及其他變數
     5.2:研究限制
     5.2.1:評等家數過少
     5.2.2:被評體以金融業佔多數
     5.2.3:未發生重大事件考驗中華信評的評價速度以及評等內容
     5.2.4:研究期間限制
     參考文獻
     
     表2-1:信用評等對於發行人、投資人、中介機構好處
     表3-1:52家公司樣本
     表3-2:長期信用評等說明
     表3-3:信用評等等級對照表以及分數轉換
     表3-4:各衡量流動性方法優缺點
     表3-5:財務分析公式
     表4-1:各變數間相關係數
     表4-2:各變數敘述統計量
     表4-3:Panel Data模型實證結果
     表4-4:聯立方程模型實證結果
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095258021en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 信用評等zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 流動性zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) panel data modelen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) simultaneous modelen_US
dc.title (題名) 信用評等與股票流動性zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部份zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1.馬黛,1989,證券市場特性之研究—臺灣股市流動性之衡量與分析。行政院國家科學委員會研究計畫成果報告,行政院國家科學委員會。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2.鄭豐智,1992,股票股利對股票流動性的影響,大同工學院事業經營研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3.藍新仁,1993,台灣股票集中市場與店頭市場變現性之研究,國立中正大學財務金融學系研究所論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4.中華信用評等公司,1997,評等的功能與角色。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5.胡星陽,1998,流動性對臺灣股市報酬率的影響。中國財務學刊 。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6.劉景中,1998,台灣地區上市公司無償配股宣告期間買賣價差行為之實證研究,中國文化大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7.詹場、胡星陽,1999,流動性衡量方法之綜合評論。國家科學委員會研究彙刊。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8.中華信用評等公司,2000,企業信用評等準則。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9.游淑萍,2001,信用評等展望和股價相關研究,交通大學管理科學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10.賴佩瑜,2001,股票股利對流動性影響之實證研究--以台灣市場為例。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11.李美樺,2002,台灣綜合券商信用評等實証模型研究。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12.張智堯,2005,企業信用評等改變宣告在新興市場的資訊內容-以台灣市場為例。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13.計畫主持人:薛綺,共同主持人:李馨蘋、柯瓊鳳,研究助理:許仲傑、陳又瑋、林哲弘、洪上為,當前金融機構如何結合公司治理與風險管理的研究,委託單位:金融研究發展基金管理委員會,執行單位:台灣金融研訓院zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14.李俊賢,2004,信用評等之產業別財務比率測試,長庚大學企業管理系論文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、西文部份zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1.Altman and Rijken, 2004 , An introduction to recent research on credit ratings , Journal of Banking and Finance , pp.2565-2573zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2.Amihud, Yako and Mendelson, Haim, 1986 , Liquidity and Stock Returns, Financial Analysts Journal 42, pp.43-49.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3.Amihud, Yako and Mendelson, Haim, 1988 , Liquidity and Asset Price: Financial Management Implications , Financial Management , pp.5-15.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4.Amihud, Y., and Mendelson H., 1989 , The effect of computer base trading on volatility and liquidity, Jpn. World Econ. 1, pp.341–370.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5.Amihud, Y., H. Mendelson and B. Lauterbach, 1997 , Market Microstructure and Securities Value: Evidence from the Tel Aviv Stock Exchang, Journal of Financial Economics 45 , pp. 365-390.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6.Bernstein, 1987 , Liquidity, Stock Markets, and Market Makers, Financial Management Summer , pp.54-62.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7.Berkman, H. and V.R. Eleswarapu, 1998 , Short-term Traders and Liquidity: A Test Using Bombay Stock Exchange Data , Journal of Financial Economics 47 , pp. 339-355.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8.Bina Lehmann, 2003 , Is It Worth the While? The Relevance of Qualitative Information in Credit Rating,EFMA 2003 Helinski Meetingszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9.Brennan, M.J., Subrahmanyam, A., 1996 ,Market microstructure and asset pricing: on the compensation for illiquidity in stock returns, Journal of Financial Economics 41 , pp.341–364.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10.Branch, B., & Freed, W. , 1977 ,Bid-asked spreads on the AMEX and the big board, The Journal of Finance 32 (1), pp.159-163.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11.Benston, G.J. and R.L. Hagerman, 1978 , Risk, Volume and Spread, Financial Analysts Journal, pp46-49.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12.Berkman, H. and V.R. Eleswarapu, 1998 , Short-term Traders and Liquidity: A Test Using Bombay Stock Exchange Data, Journal of Financial Economics 47 , p339-355.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13.Chan, C., and Hu, S. Y., 2000 ,Trading frequency and stock volatility , Journal of Empirical Finance 10, pp.249-269.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14.Copeland, T. E., and Galai, D, 1983 ,Information effects on the bid-ask spread,Journal of Finance 5 , pp.1457-1469.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14.Carol Ann Frost, 2006 ,Credit rating Agencies in Capital Markets: A Review of Research Evidence on Selected Criticisms of the Agencies,Journal of Accounting, Auditing, and Finance, Forthcoming.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 15.Cooper, Groth and Avera, 1985 , Liquidity, Exchange Listing, and Common Stock Performance, Journal of Economics and Business , pp.19-33.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 16.Duff and S. Einig, 2008 , Credit Rating Agencies:Meeting the Needs of the Market? Cambridge Univ Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 17.De Jong, F., Nijman, T., and Roëll, A., 1996 ,Price effects of trading and components of the bid-ask spread on the Paris Bourse, Journa of Empirical Finance 3 , pp193-213.zh_TW
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