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題名 外溢效果對製造業之影響---以我國大專院校為例
作者 黃琳鈞
Huang,Lin-Chun
貢獻者 劉小蘭<br>詹士樑
Liu,Hsiao-Lan<br>Chan, Shih-Liang
黃琳鈞
Huang,Lin-Chun
關鍵詞 外溢效果
研究機構
產業
日期 2002
上傳時間 14-Sep-2009 13:52:49 (UTC+8)
摘要 近代經濟的發展來自於生產力長期的累積增加,而生產力長期持續增加的原因,來自知識不斷的累積與有效應用,在知識經濟時代,知識儼然已成為提升生產力與促進經濟成長的主要驅動力;知識之來源即是人力資源。因此人力資源之利用,可促使科學、研發的商業化,推動創新體制,提升產業的競爭力及生產力。人力資源的培訓,則仰賴大學與研究機構,透過產學間的合作、人才的訓練,以增進產業的生產力。
     國內目前研究機構的設置漸趨多樣化,從早期的中央研究院、工業研究院到大學的普遍設置,顯現出政府對基礎研究的重視。然而這些研究機構的外溢效果對於產業生產力的影響是否顯著著實值得商榷,因此本文從我國大專院校為例,探討大專院校所產生的外溢效果對高科技產業及傳統產業之影響。
     透過實證結果亦發現:1、大專院校的外溢效果對於高科技產業具有正面的影響,表示大學此類之研究機構設置在地理空間分佈上,對於高科技產業的發展是有利的;2、大專院校的外溢效果對傳統產業而言,並不顯著;顯示出我國傳統產業在利用政府研究機構的技術轉移能力還是比較薄弱,而產業區位之分佈也未如高科技產業有著與研究機構空間分佈有高度相關。
The recent development of economic relies on the long-period accumulation of productivity while the accumulation of productivity is caused by the increasing and effective application of knowledge. In the period of knowledge economic, knowledge itself becomes the major force to promote the productivity and the development of economic. The origin of knowledge comes out from human resource. Therefore the application of human resources can commercialize science and R&D, create innovative systems, and promote the industry’s competitiveness and productivity. The training of human resource relies on the cooperation and career training among colleges, research institutes and the industry that can increase the industry’s productivity.
      Recently the research institutes have been being set up variously. We would say the government highly cares about the basic research; while that can be proved in the set of Academia Sinica and Industrial Technology Research Institute to the broadly colleges. However it’s still arguable if the research institute’s spillover effect on industry’s productivity is obvious or not. Therefore this thesis takes the college as a case study and focus on the colleges’ spillover effect on high-tech industry together with the traditional industry.
      The findings of this thesis are as below:
     1.The colleges’ spillover effect on high-tech industry is positive relevant while it means the set of research institutes in geographic space is useful to the development of high-tech industry;
     2.At the meanwhile, the colleges’ spillover effect on traditional industry is not obviously proved; the effect mentions that it is weak to use the tech transferring ability of the traditional industry taken from governmental research institutes. In comparison with the high-tech industry, the space distribution of traditional industry is not highly relevant with the set of research institutes as expected.
參考文獻 一、中文部分
1、王傳媺(1995),《市場結構、研發外溢及技術移轉之研究---台灣人纖產業個案分析》,文化大學經濟研究所碩士論文。
2、史欽泰(1995),《技術升級、再創生機》,輯於新競爭時代的經營策略,天下出版。
3、行政院主計處,(1996),台灣地區工商普查統計報告,行政院主計處。
4、行政院國科會(2000),「中華民國科學技術統計要覽」。
5、行政院主計處,(2001),台灣地區工商普查統計報告,行政院主計處。
6、伍孟純(2001),《高科技產業廠商經營績效關鍵成功因素之研究---以新竹科學工業園區廠商為例-》,長榮管理學院經營管理研究所碩士論文。
7、吳蕙如(1995),《公共投資對製造業資本生產力之影響》,政治大學財政研究所碩士論文。
8、邱泰穎(1997),「研究發展外溢效果經濟涵意與理論模型之推導」,台灣經濟第244期,P.73-83。
9、林佳慧(1996),《都市規模與都市生產力關係之研究》,政治大學地政研究所碩士論文。
10、林師模(1996),「發補助與租稅獎勵制度對主要新興工業影響之評估」,行政院經濟建設委員會委託研究報告。
11、林育諄(2000),《台灣都市生產者服務業之區位決定因素》,台北大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文。
12、林長郁(2001),《公共設施區位與都市結構關係之研究》,台北大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文。
13、姜樹瀚(1996),《都市聚集經濟之研究》,政治大學地政研究所碩士論文。
14、姚希聖(1988),《多區域經濟發展系統模擬模型之建立-台灣地區實證研究》,成功大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文。
15、姚佳君(2000),《經濟轉型過程中三重市成衣業發展與空間分布》,台北大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文。
16、姚希聖(2002),《地區產業發展差異之生產環境條件的成本效果探討--台灣縣市地區的實證分析》,成功大學都市計畫研究所博士論文。
17、陳忠榮與陳威勳 (1992),《研究發展外溢效果對廠商利潤績效之影響—以自動化新產業為例》,經濟論文叢刊, 20:2, 155-175。
18、陳惠瑜(1995),《產業研發規模與外溢效果之隨機動態分析》,中央產經研究所碩士論文。
19、陳文源(2000),「高科技、高速度產業發展趨勢下,傳統產業因應之道」,http://www.moea.gov.tw/~ecobook/season/sae16.htm。
20、陳立瑩(2002),《研發及其外溢效果對生產力貢獻之探討--以併購之電子產業為例》,東吳大學會計研究所碩士論文。
21、陳智彬(2002),《我國傳統工業區在發展課題與策略之研究∼以台中工業區製造業產業需求為例∼》,逢甲大學土地管理研究所碩士論文。
22、張劭勳(1995),《SAS For Windos統計分析---初等統計》,松岡電腦圖書股份有限公司。
23、張劭勳(1995),《SAS For Windos統計分析---高等統計》,松岡電腦圖書股份有限公司。
24、張郁旎(2001),《都會產業空間分佈變遷及區位選擇因素之研究---以台北都會區為例》,政治大學地政研究所碩士論文。
25、莊奕琦、許碧峰(1999),「研究發展對生產力的貢獻及產業間的外溢效果:台灣製造業實證」,《經濟論文》,27(3),406-429。
26、黃仁德、姜樹翰(2000),「高科技產業之發展策略:高科技中心之發展策略」,http://www.moea.gov.tw/~ecobook/season/8909/q6-2-a3.htm - 3。
27、詹立宇、張明宗、徐之強(2002),《台灣製造業產業地理集中與垂直分工之關係》,第一屆應用經濟學術研討會。
28、經濟部,發展台灣成為亞太製造中心推動計畫簡報,民國84年5月22日。
29、經濟部工業局,工業發展年鑑,民國83年。
30、楊政龍(2001),《技術設施空間分佈對創新成效影響之研究---以台灣製造業為例》,台北大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文。
31、劉錚錚(1974),都市經濟學選論。
32、劉長勇(1998),「研究機構發展衍生公司對產業創新之影響---以台灣半導體產業為研究對象」,《台灣銀行季刊》,第51卷第三期,P.40-69。
33、謝振環(1986),《我國公共投資對經濟成長之影響》,文化大學經濟研究所碩士論文。
34、魏春玉(1998),《台灣公共投資對個人所得及服務業影響之研究》,中興大學都市計畫研所碩士論文。
35、羅達賢(2000),「台灣高科技產業發展」,《產業資訊服務網》,http://www.itis.org.tw。
36、顧洋(2000),「高科技產業之環保政策:產業現況問題分析與建議」,北市 : 行政院研考會,紅螞蟻經銷。
二、英文部分
1. Anderson , A.E.,Anderstig , C. , Harsman ,B (1990) , ” Knowledgeand communication infrastructure and regional economic growth” , Regional Science and Urban Economics ,20(3),359-376.
2. Arrow ,B.(1962) , ”The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing” , Economics Studies ,29 ,155-173.
3. Aschauer , D.A. (1989) , ”Is Public Expenditure Productive?” , Journal of Monetary Economics,23,177-200.
4. Berstein , J.I. (1989) , ”A Model of Growth Through Creative Destruction”, Economics,60,323-351.
5. Charles , D. and Goddard, J. (1997) , “Higher Education and Employment-Linking , Universities with their Regional Industrial Base.”, Paper prepared for the thematic seminar on Territorial Employment Pacts in Ostersund , Sweden,18-19.
6. David B.Audretsch and Maryann P. Feldman (1996) , ”R&D Spillovers and the Geography of Innovation and Production”, The American economic Review,86(3),631-640.
7. Duffy-Deno , K.T.(1991) , ”Public Capital and the Factor Intensity of the Manufacturing Sector”,Urban Studies , 28(1),3-14.
8. Grossman , G. and Helpman E. (1991) ,Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy Cambrige , MA:MIT Press.
9. Griliches , Z. (1979) , ”Issue in Assessing the Contribution of R&D to Productivity Growth” , Bell Journal of Economics , 551-554.
10. Griliches , Z. (1984) , “R&D , Patients , and Productivity “, The University of Chicago Press.
11. Hoover , E.M. (1948) , The Location of Economic Activity , Mc Graw-Hill Book Company , New York.
12. Hansen , Nile. (1965) , “ Unbalanced Growth and Regional Development ” , Western Economic Journal ,4,3-14.
13. Jaffe , A. B. (1986) , “Technological Opportunity and Spillover of R&D : Evidence from Firms’ Patents , Profits , and Market Value” , The American Economic Review , 76(5),984-1001.
14. Kanter , R. (1995) , “ World Class – Thriving Locally in the Global Economy “ , Economic Review , 79(5) , 957-970.
15. Levin , R. C. and P. C. Reiss (1984) , “Test of a Schumpeterian Model of R&D and Market Structure , R&D , Patients and Productivity “, University of Chicago Press,175-204
16. Luc Anselin and Attila Vargaand Zoltan Acs (1997) , ”Local geographic Spillovers between University Research and High Technology Innovations”, Journal of Urban Economics , 42,422-447.
17. Mansfield, E. (1977), ”Basic Research and Productivity Increase in manufacturing”, The American Economic Review, 70(5),863-873.
18. Moomaw , R. L. (1988) , “ Agglomeration Economies : Localization and Urbanization? “ , Urban Studies , 25 , 150-161.
19. Moomaw, R.L. and Williams, M. (1991), “Total Factor Productivity Growth in Manufacturing: Further Evidence from the States”, Journal of Regional Science, 31(1),17-34.
20. Mansfield and Lee (1996) , “The Modern University : Contributor to Industrial Innovation and Recipient of Industrial R&D Support “ , Research Policy , 25 , 1047-1058.
21. Nadiri , M. I. (1993), “Innovations and Technological Spillovers” , Working paper No.4423 , National bureau of economic Research.
22. OECD, 1996, The knowkedge-based economy, Paris.
23. Porter , M. (1990) , “The Competitive Advantage of Nations “, New York : The Free Press.
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27. Shanzi , K. and Edward , M. (1995) , “Regional and Technological Determinants of Company Productivity Growth in the Late 1980s”, Regional Studies , 29(1),59-71.
28. Shanzi , K. and Michael, I. L. (1996) , “Embodied Technological Progress Technology-related Producer inputs, and Regional Factor in a Firm-level Model of Growth”, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 26(1),23-50.
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30. Weber , A. (1929) , “Theory of Location of Industries , (C. J. Friedrich , trans. ) , Chicago : The University of Chicago Press.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
地政研究所
90257025
91
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090257025
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 劉小蘭<br>詹士樑zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Liu,Hsiao-Lan<br>Chan, Shih-Liangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃琳鈞zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang,Lin-Chunen_US
dc.creator (作者) 黃琳鈞zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Huang,Lin-Chunen_US
dc.date (日期) 2002en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-Sep-2009 13:52:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-Sep-2009 13:52:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-Sep-2009 13:52:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0090257025en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/32394-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 地政研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 90257025zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 近代經濟的發展來自於生產力長期的累積增加,而生產力長期持續增加的原因,來自知識不斷的累積與有效應用,在知識經濟時代,知識儼然已成為提升生產力與促進經濟成長的主要驅動力;知識之來源即是人力資源。因此人力資源之利用,可促使科學、研發的商業化,推動創新體制,提升產業的競爭力及生產力。人力資源的培訓,則仰賴大學與研究機構,透過產學間的合作、人才的訓練,以增進產業的生產力。
     國內目前研究機構的設置漸趨多樣化,從早期的中央研究院、工業研究院到大學的普遍設置,顯現出政府對基礎研究的重視。然而這些研究機構的外溢效果對於產業生產力的影響是否顯著著實值得商榷,因此本文從我國大專院校為例,探討大專院校所產生的外溢效果對高科技產業及傳統產業之影響。
     透過實證結果亦發現:1、大專院校的外溢效果對於高科技產業具有正面的影響,表示大學此類之研究機構設置在地理空間分佈上,對於高科技產業的發展是有利的;2、大專院校的外溢效果對傳統產業而言,並不顯著;顯示出我國傳統產業在利用政府研究機構的技術轉移能力還是比較薄弱,而產業區位之分佈也未如高科技產業有著與研究機構空間分佈有高度相關。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The recent development of economic relies on the long-period accumulation of productivity while the accumulation of productivity is caused by the increasing and effective application of knowledge. In the period of knowledge economic, knowledge itself becomes the major force to promote the productivity and the development of economic. The origin of knowledge comes out from human resource. Therefore the application of human resources can commercialize science and R&D, create innovative systems, and promote the industry’s competitiveness and productivity. The training of human resource relies on the cooperation and career training among colleges, research institutes and the industry that can increase the industry’s productivity.
      Recently the research institutes have been being set up variously. We would say the government highly cares about the basic research; while that can be proved in the set of Academia Sinica and Industrial Technology Research Institute to the broadly colleges. However it’s still arguable if the research institute’s spillover effect on industry’s productivity is obvious or not. Therefore this thesis takes the college as a case study and focus on the colleges’ spillover effect on high-tech industry together with the traditional industry.
      The findings of this thesis are as below:
     1.The colleges’ spillover effect on high-tech industry is positive relevant while it means the set of research institutes in geographic space is useful to the development of high-tech industry;
     2.At the meanwhile, the colleges’ spillover effect on traditional industry is not obviously proved; the effect mentions that it is weak to use the tech transferring ability of the traditional industry taken from governmental research institutes. In comparison with the high-tech industry, the space distribution of traditional industry is not highly relevant with the set of research institutes as expected.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論
      第一節 研究動機與目的
      第二節 研究範圍與內容
      第三節 研究方法及流程
     第二章 文獻回顧
      第一節 理論基礎
      第二節 外溢效果之分析
     第三章 台灣製造業發展之沿革
      第一節 我國產業發展歷程
      第二節 高科技產業與傳統產業之分析
      第三節 產業85年至90年之發展概況
     第四章 理論基礎與模型建立
      第一節 理論基礎與模型建立
      第二節 資料說明與處理
     第五章 實證分析
      第一節 研究機構資料分析
      第二節 實證結果及分析
     第六章 結論與建議
      第一節 結論
      第二節 建議及後續研究方向
     參考文獻
     附錄
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090257025en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外溢效果zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 研究機構zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 產業zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 外溢效果對製造業之影響---以我國大專院校為例zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1、王傳媺(1995),《市場結構、研發外溢及技術移轉之研究---台灣人纖產業個案分析》,文化大學經濟研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2、史欽泰(1995),《技術升級、再創生機》,輯於新競爭時代的經營策略,天下出版。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3、行政院主計處,(1996),台灣地區工商普查統計報告,行政院主計處。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4、行政院國科會(2000),「中華民國科學技術統計要覽」。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5、行政院主計處,(2001),台灣地區工商普查統計報告,行政院主計處。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6、伍孟純(2001),《高科技產業廠商經營績效關鍵成功因素之研究---以新竹科學工業園區廠商為例-》,長榮管理學院經營管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7、吳蕙如(1995),《公共投資對製造業資本生產力之影響》,政治大學財政研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8、邱泰穎(1997),「研究發展外溢效果經濟涵意與理論模型之推導」,台灣經濟第244期,P.73-83。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9、林佳慧(1996),《都市規模與都市生產力關係之研究》,政治大學地政研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
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