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Title多網卡無線網狀網路下支援點對點串流的品質感知多重骨幹建置設計
Quality-Aware Multiple Backbone Construction on Multi-interface Wireless Mesh Networks for P2P Streaming
Creator陳維鴻
Chen, Wei Hung
Contributor蔡子傑
陳維鴻
Chen, Wei Hung
Key Words無線網狀網路
路由
點對點影音傳輸
史坦納樹
多頻道
WMNs
routing
p2p streaming
steiner tree
multi-channel
Date2008
Date Issued17-Sep-2009 14:05:05 (UTC+8)
Summary無線網狀網路(WMNs)為目前熱門的廣域無線網路接取技術。使用者可以透過WMNs隨時在各處使用即時影音播放的服務。相較於傳統的主從式架構，低成本且容易建置的點對點架構更適用於影音串流的應用；在進行即時影音播放的時候，影音播放的品質便為相當重要的目標。因為多媒體應用服務對於延遲及網路傳輸效能相當敏感，且WMNs的傳輸過程中常會面臨同頻道干擾的問題而使得傳輸的效能銳減，當每個網路節點都具有多張無線網路卡時，如何善用WMNs多頻道傳輸的特性提升效能更是顯得特別重要。在本篇論文中，我們利用WMNs多頻道傳輸的特性進行多媒體群播傳輸，參考史坦納樹的概念來改善現有的MAODV路由演算法，以傳輸品質較佳的鏈結改良原本尋找最小跳躍數路徑的方式，建立兩棵完全互斥的群播樹作為點對點傳輸的骨幹網路，並以MDC的概念將影像串流編碼成兩份獨立的子串流分別經由不同的群播樹傳輸。經實驗評估，我們的方法在網路負載較高的環境下能有效的降低延遲並提高整體系統的效能。
In WMNs, users can enjoy the real-time video streaming service anytime and anywhere through the services. Compared to the client/server model, P2P approaches is more suitable for video streaming applications because of its low cost and easy deployment. But when using the real-time multimedia service in WMNs, the multimedia applications are very sensitive to delay time and the performance of packets transmission. And the performance is significantly influenced by the co-channel interference, so that it is important to know how to transmit by multi-channel to enhance the performance. In our approach, we choose the better quality links for routing instead of the minimum hop-count path in MAODV. Then we distribute the video streaming to receivers by multicast in multi-channel WMNs, and refer to the Steiner tree concept to modify the MAODV routing protocol to construct two disjoint multicast trees as the backbone for the P2P structure. Therefore, we can adopt the MDC scheme to encode the video into two independent sub-streams and transmit separately along these trees. Experiment results show that in higher network traffic load environment, our scheme is more effective to reduce the latency and improve overall system performance.
參考文獻 [1] N. Nandiraju, D. Nandiraju, L. Santhanam, B. He, J. Wang, and D. P. Agrawal, ”Wireless mesh networks: current challenges and future directions of web-in-the-sky,” IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 79-89, Aug 2007.
[2] Y.Tu, J.Sun, M.Hefeeda, and S.Prabhakar, “An analytical study of peer-to-peer media streaming systems.” ACM TOMCCAP, 1:354–376, Nov.2005.
[3] Dongyan Xu, Mohamed Hefeeda, Susanne Hambrusch, and Bharat Bhargava, “On peer-to-peer media streaming,” IEEE Conference on Distributed Computing and Systems, July 2002, pp. 363–371.
[4] G. Zeng, B. Wang, Y. Ding, L. Xiao, and M. Mutka, “Multicast algorithms for multi-channel wireless mesh networks,” IEEE ICNP, 2007.
[5] U.T. Nguyen, “On Multicast Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks,” Elsevier Journal of Computer Communications, Special Issue on Resource Management and Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks, vol. 31, no. 7, May 2008, pp. 1385-1399
[6] P.M. Ruiz and A.F. Gomez-Skarmeta. Approximating optimal multicast trees in wireless multihop networks. Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), La Manga del Mar Menor, Spain, June 2005.
[7] V.K. Goyal. “Multiple description coding: Compression meets the network,” IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, pages 74–93, September 2001.
[8] J. Apostolopoulos and S. Wee, “Unbalanced multiple description video communication using path diversity,” Proc. Int’l Conf. Image Processing. Thessaloniki, Greece: IEEE, Oct. 2001.
[9] C.E. Perkins and E.M. Royer. Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing. Workshop on Mobile Computing and Systems Applications, 1999.
[10] Elizabeth M. Royer and Charles E. Perkins. Multicast ad hoc on demand distance vector (maodv) routing. IETF Internet Draft. draft-ietf-manet-maodv-00.txt, July, 2000.
[11] E.M. Royer and C.E. Perkins, “Multicast operation of the ad–hoc on–demand distance vector routing protocol,” Proc. ACM Intern. Conf. on Mobile Comp. and Netw. (MobiCom), (Seattle, WA), 1999.
[12] H.I. Chee-Onn CHOW, "Multiple Tree Multicast Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (MT-MAODV) Routing Protocol for Video Multicast over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," IEICE TRANS. COMMUN., vol. E91-B, pp. 428-436, 2008.
[13] D. S. J. D. Couto, D. Aguayo, J. Bicket, and R. Morris, "A High Throughput Path Metric for MultiHop Wireless Routing," MobiCom `03, San Diego, California, USA, 2003.
[14] R. Draves, J. Padhye, and B. Zill, “Routing in Multi-Radio, Multi-Hop Wireless Mesh Networks,” ACM Annual Int’l. Conf. Mobile Comp. and Net. (MOBICOM), 2004, pp. 114–28.
[15] B.Y. Wu and K. Chao, Spanning Trees and Optimization Problems. CRC Press, 2003.
[16] R. Novak, J. Ruge, and G. Kandus. Steiner tree based distributed multicast routing in networks. Steiner Trees in Industries, 8(5):1–25, 2000.
[17] R. Novak, J. Rugelj, and G. Kandus. A note on distributed multicast routing in point-to-point networks. Comput. Oper. Res., 28:1149–1164, 2001.
[18] “The network simulator - ns2”, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns.
[19] Y. Zhu and T. Kunz, “MAODV Implementation for NS-2.26,” Tech Report SCE-04-01, Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Canada, January 2004.
[20] R. Agüero Calvo and J. Pérez Campo. Adding multiple interfaces support in ns-2. Technical report, University of Cantabria, 2007.
Description碩士
國立政治大學
資訊科學學系
95753022
97
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095753022
Typethesis
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MOBHOC.2009.5336934
dc.contributor.advisor 蔡子傑zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳維鴻zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Wei Hungen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳維鴻zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chen, Wei Hungen_US
dc.date (日期) 2008en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 14:05:05 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 14:05:05 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 14:05:05 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095753022en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/32699-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊科學學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95753022zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 無線網狀網路(WMNs)為目前熱門的廣域無線網路接取技術。使用者可以透過WMNs隨時在各處使用即時影音播放的服務。相較於傳統的主從式架構，低成本且容易建置的點對點架構更適用於影音串流的應用；在進行即時影音播放的時候，影音播放的品質便為相當重要的目標。因為多媒體應用服務對於延遲及網路傳輸效能相當敏感，且WMNs的傳輸過程中常會面臨同頻道干擾的問題而使得傳輸的效能銳減，當每個網路節點都具有多張無線網路卡時，如何善用WMNs多頻道傳輸的特性提升效能更是顯得特別重要。在本篇論文中，我們利用WMNs多頻道傳輸的特性進行多媒體群播傳輸，參考史坦納樹的概念來改善現有的MAODV路由演算法，以傳輸品質較佳的鏈結改良原本尋找最小跳躍數路徑的方式，建立兩棵完全互斥的群播樹作為點對點傳輸的骨幹網路，並以MDC的概念將影像串流編碼成兩份獨立的子串流分別經由不同的群播樹傳輸。經實驗評估，我們的方法在網路負載較高的環境下能有效的降低延遲並提高整體系統的效能。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In WMNs, users can enjoy the real-time video streaming service anytime and anywhere through the services. Compared to the client/server model, P2P approaches is more suitable for video streaming applications because of its low cost and easy deployment. But when using the real-time multimedia service in WMNs, the multimedia applications are very sensitive to delay time and the performance of packets transmission. And the performance is significantly influenced by the co-channel interference, so that it is important to know how to transmit by multi-channel to enhance the performance. In our approach, we choose the better quality links for routing instead of the minimum hop-count path in MAODV. Then we distribute the video streaming to receivers by multicast in multi-channel WMNs, and refer to the Steiner tree concept to modify the MAODV routing protocol to construct two disjoint multicast trees as the backbone for the P2P structure. Therefore, we can adopt the MDC scheme to encode the video into two independent sub-streams and transmit separately along these trees. Experiment results show that in higher network traffic load environment, our scheme is more effective to reduce the latency and improve overall system performance.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1
1.1. Background 1
1.1.1. Wireless Mesh Networks 1
1.1.2. Media streaming over wireless networks 3
1.2. Motivation 6
1.3. Organization 8
CHAPTER 2 Related Work 9
2.1. Routing metrics in WMNs 9
2.2. MDC: Multiple Description Coding 11
2.3. AODV: Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector 13
2.4. MAODV: Multicast Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector 14
2.5. MT-MAODV: Multiple-Tree Multicast Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector 15
2.6. ETT: Expected Transmission Time 16
2.7. Steiner Tree 17
CHAPTER 3 Steiner Tree Based Routing Protocol Design 21
3.1. Overview of protocol 21
3.2. ST-MAODV Algorithm 24
3.3. Protocol Implementation 32
3.3.1. RREQ Message 33
3.3.2. RREP Message 37
CHAPTER 4 Protocol Evaluation 39
4.1. Simulation Setup 39
4.1.1. Scenario 1 40
4.1.2. Scenario 2 42
4.1.3. Scenario 3 43
4.1.4. Scenario 4 44
4.1.5. Scenario 5 46
CHAPTER 5 Conclusions and Future Work 49
Reference 50		zh_TW
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095753022en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 無線網狀網路zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 路由zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 點對點影音傳輸zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 史坦納樹zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 多頻道zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) WMNsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) routingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) p2p streamingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) steiner treeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) multi-channelen_US
dc.title (題名) 多網卡無線網狀網路下支援點對點串流的品質感知多重骨幹建置設計zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Quality-Aware Multiple Backbone Construction on Multi-interface Wireless Mesh Networks for P2P Streamingen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [1] N. Nandiraju, D. Nandiraju, L. Santhanam, B. He, J. Wang, and D. P. Agrawal, ”Wireless mesh networks: current challenges and future directions of web-in-the-sky,” IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 79-89, Aug 2007.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [2] Y.Tu, J.Sun, M.Hefeeda, and S.Prabhakar, “An analytical study of peer-to-peer media streaming systems.” ACM TOMCCAP, 1:354–376, Nov.2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [3] Dongyan Xu, Mohamed Hefeeda, Susanne Hambrusch, and Bharat Bhargava, “On peer-to-peer media streaming,” IEEE Conference on Distributed Computing and Systems, July 2002, pp. 363–371.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [4] G. Zeng, B. Wang, Y. Ding, L. Xiao, and M. Mutka, “Multicast algorithms for multi-channel wireless mesh networks,” IEEE ICNP, 2007.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [5] U.T. Nguyen, “On Multicast Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks,” Elsevier Journal of Computer Communications, Special Issue on Resource Management and Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks, vol. 31, no. 7, May 2008, pp. 1385-1399zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [6] P.M. Ruiz and A.F. Gomez-Skarmeta. Approximating optimal multicast trees in wireless multihop networks. Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), La Manga del Mar Menor, Spain, June 2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [7] V.K. Goyal. “Multiple description coding: Compression meets the network,” IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, pages 74–93, September 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [8] J. Apostolopoulos and S. Wee, “Unbalanced multiple description video communication using path diversity,” Proc. Int’l Conf. Image Processing. Thessaloniki, Greece: IEEE, Oct. 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [9] C.E. Perkins and E.M. Royer. Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing. Workshop on Mobile Computing and Systems Applications, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [10] Elizabeth M. Royer and Charles E. Perkins. Multicast ad hoc on demand distance vector (maodv) routing. IETF Internet Draft. draft-ietf-manet-maodv-00.txt, July, 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [11] E.M. Royer and C.E. Perkins, “Multicast operation of the ad–hoc on–demand distance vector routing protocol,” Proc. ACM Intern. Conf. on Mobile Comp. and Netw. (MobiCom), (Seattle, WA), 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [12] H.I. Chee-Onn CHOW, "Multiple Tree Multicast Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (MT-MAODV) Routing Protocol for Video Multicast over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," IEICE TRANS. COMMUN., vol. E91-B, pp. 428-436, 2008.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [13] D. S. J. D. Couto, D. Aguayo, J. Bicket, and R. Morris, "A High Throughput Path Metric for MultiHop Wireless Routing," MobiCom `03, San Diego, California, USA, 2003.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [14] R. Draves, J. Padhye, and B. Zill, “Routing in Multi-Radio, Multi-Hop Wireless Mesh Networks,” ACM Annual Int’l. Conf. Mobile Comp. and Net. (MOBICOM), 2004, pp. 114–28.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [15] B.Y. Wu and K. Chao, Spanning Trees and Optimization Problems. CRC Press, 2003.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [16] R. Novak, J. Ruge, and G. Kandus. Steiner tree based distributed multicast routing in networks. Steiner Trees in Industries, 8(5):1–25, 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [17] R. Novak, J. Rugelj, and G. Kandus. A note on distributed multicast routing in point-to-point networks. Comput. Oper. Res., 28:1149–1164, 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [18] “The network simulator - ns2”, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [19] Y. Zhu and T. Kunz, “MAODV Implementation for NS-2.26,” Tech Report SCE-04-01, Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Canada, January 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [20] R. Agüero Calvo and J. Pérez Campo. Adding multiple interfaces support in ns-2. Technical report, University of Cantabria, 2007.zh_TW
dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.1109/MOBHOC.2009.5336934en_US
dc.doi.uri (DOI) http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MOBHOC.2009.5336934en_US