| dc.contributor.advisor | 吳靜吉 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Wu, jing-jyi | en_US |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 曾瓊慧 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | Zeng, cyong-huei | en_US |
| dc.creator (作者) | 曾瓊慧 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | Zeng, cyong-huei | en_US |
| dc.date (日期) | 2004 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 17-Sep-2009 15:08:47 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.available | 17-Sep-2009 15:08:47 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 17-Sep-2009 15:08:47 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0911520341 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33036 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 碩士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 教育研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 91152034 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 93 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | 本研究旨在了解大學生的演說焦慮情形，並探討背景變項、幽默感、情緒調節與演說焦慮的關係以及演說焦慮與創造力、職業選擇的關係。本研究以台灣地區公私立大學的學生為抽取對象進行施測，有效問卷共863份(男290人，女573人)。研究工具包括「演說焦慮量表」、「情緒調節量表」、「幽默因應量表」、「創新行為量表」、「職業選擇量表」。所得資料採用因素分析、信度分析、描述統計分析、皮爾森積差相關、多元迴歸分析、典型相關分析、單因子多變量變異數分析等方法進行統計分析。本研究結果如下：1.有半數以上的大學生認為自己有演說焦慮。在性別方面，女生較男生容易感到演說焦慮，而男生會運用互動幽默的策略來降低焦慮。在地區方面，南部大學生比北部大學生容易感到演說焦慮。2.在情緒調節方面，愈傾向使用重新評估和沈著冷靜策略，則愈少感受到演說焦慮，也愈會用正向的因應策略，並較能從過去的焦慮演說經驗中獲得正向的影響。而愈傾向使用壓抑策略，則愈常在演說時感受到身心緊張與準備不足，也愈會用負向的因應策略，並且也愈會從過去的焦慮演說經驗中獲得負向的影響。3.大學生愈傾向使用幽默來因應生活和困境，或是愈會在社交場合和一般生活中創造出幽默的想法或行為，則愈會使用較正向的演說焦慮因應策略，並愈能從過去的焦慮演說經驗中獲得較正向的影響。大學生愈傾向使用幽默來因應生活，則愈少感受到演說焦慮，也愈會使用較正向的演說焦慮因應策略，並愈能從過去的焦慮演說經驗中獲得較正向的影響。4.大學生愈不會感受到演說焦慮，則其創新行為與創意擴散會愈高。大學生的演說焦慮因應和演說焦慮經驗影響愈正面，其創新行為與創意擴散會愈高。5.大學生愈容易感受到演說焦慮，則會較傾向選擇不需要公開發言的工作。在演說焦慮因應和演說焦慮經驗影響愈正面，則會傾向於選擇需要公開發言的工作。6.在以情緒調節和幽默感預測演說焦慮的多元迴歸模式中發現，情緒調節方式愈傾向沈著冷靜，且在生活和困境中會以幽默來因應、並能在社交場合創造出幽默的想法或行為，則其演說焦慮感受會愈低；情緒調節方式愈傾向重新評估、沈著冷靜，愈不傾向使用壓抑的方式，且在生活中會使用幽默來因應、並能在一般生活中創造出幽默的想法或行為，則其演說焦慮因應會愈正向；情緒調節方式愈傾向重新評估、沈著冷靜，愈不傾向使用壓抑的方式，且在生活中會使用幽默來因應、並在一般生活中創造出幽默的想法或行為，則其演說焦慮因應和演說焦慮經驗影響會愈正向。7.在以演說焦慮為自變項，創新行為做為依變項的多元迴歸模式中發現，演說焦慮因應和演說焦慮經驗影響愈積極正向，則愈容易有創新行為。在以演說焦慮為自變項，創意擴散做為依變項的多元迴歸模式中發現，演說焦慮感受愈低、演說焦慮經驗影響愈正向，愈容易有將創意擴散給其他人。在以演說焦慮各變項為自變項，逃避需要公開說話的工作為依變項的多元迴歸模式中發現，愈容易出現演說焦慮感受、而演說焦慮經驗影響愈負向，愈傾向選擇逃避需要公開說話的工作。在以演說焦慮各變項為自變項，逃避需要公開說話的工作為依變項的多元迴歸模式中發現，演說焦慮感受愈低、演說焦慮因應和演說焦慮經驗影響愈正向，則愈傾向尋求需要公開發表的職業選擇。8.在以情緒調節、幽默感、演說焦慮各變項為自變項，創新行為做為依變項的多元迴歸模式中發現，演說焦慮經驗影響愈正向、情緒調節方式愈傾向壓抑、並能在社交場合和一般生活中創造出幽默的想法或行為時，愈容易出現創新行為。在以情緒調節、幽默感、演說焦慮各變項為自變項，創意擴散做為依變項的多元迴歸模式中發現，演說焦慮感受愈低、演說焦慮經驗影響愈正向、社交場合創造和一般生活創造並能在社交場合和一般生活中創造出幽默的想法或行為時，愈容易將創意擴散或分享給其他人。最後，本研究根據資料分析的結果進行討論，並對實務與未來研究提出建議。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | This study attempted to discover the extent of Taiwanese college students’ public speaking anxiety (PSA) and to investigate how the college students’ public speaking anxiety (PSA), sense of humor, and emotion regulation related to creativity and career choice. Eight hundred and sixty-three college students (male = 290, female = 573) completed a self-report survey which consists of five instruments: Public Speaking Anxiety Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Humor Coping Scale, Creative Behavior Scale, and Career Choice Scale. Results indicate that more than 50% college students reported having PSA. Female students reported more PSA feelings than did male students. During the speaking, male students use more skills such as interacting with audience to lower their anxiety than did female students. The more students preferred to use reappraisal or calm down emotion regulation strategy, the less public speaking anxiety they felt, the more they used positive strategies such as preparing before speaking to reduce anxiety, and the more they learned from past speaking experience to have sufficient preparation, take the audience into consideration, etc for their future public speech. Students having lower PSA and coping with life events with a sense of humor in their life had more creative behavior and diffusion of creative ideas, and preferred to choose jobs requiring public speech. Suppression was found to be negatively correlated with use of active PSA coping strategies. Use of active PSA coping strategies were found to be positively correlated with sense of humor, creativity and jobs requiring public speech. Implications for education and future research are discussed. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 第一章 緒論第一節 研究動機與目的……………………………………… 1第二節 研究問題……………………………………………… 7第三節 主要名詞解釋………………………………………… 8第二章 文獻探討第一節 演說焦慮的概念、理論、測量與相關研究………… 10第二節 演說焦慮的成因、症狀與因應方法………………… 28第三節 演說焦慮與性別、幽默感、情緒調節、創造力、職業選擇之間的關係………………………………………........... 40第三章 研究方法第一節 研究架構…………………………………………………48第二節 研究假設…………………………………………………49第三節 研究樣本…………………………………………………51第四節 研究工具…………………………………………………53第五節 研究程序…………………………………………………80第六節 資料處理…………………………………………………81第四章 研究結果與分析第一節 大學生的演說焦慮現況…………………………………83第二節 大學生的情緒調節、幽默感、創造力與職業選擇之現況 91第三節 人口變項在演說焦慮上之差異…………………………98第四節 演說焦慮、情緒調節、幽默感、創造力與職業選擇的關係…………………………………………………………… 108第五節 演說焦慮、情緒調節、幽默感、創造力與職業選擇的典 型相關分析…………………………………………… 116第六節 演說焦慮、情緒調節、幽默感、創造力與職業選擇的迴 歸分析………………………………………………… 120第五章 討論與建議第一節 討論…………………………………………………… 130第二節 結論…………………………………………………… 147第三節 建議…………………………………………………… 151參考書目中文部份 ………………………………………………………… 156西文部份 ………………………………………………………… 158附錄附錄一 演說焦慮量表的建立………………………………… 163附錄二 演說焦慮量表的開放問卷…………………………… 181附錄三 預試問卷……………………………………………… 183附錄四 正式問卷……………………………………………… 189附錄五 各變項之相關係數表………………………………… 196附錄六 人口變項在情緒調節、幽默感、創造力、職業選擇上的差異情形…………………………………………………... 197表 目 錄表1 研究樣本分佈情形…………………………………………51表2 研究樣本就讀學校性質之分佈情形………………………52表3 研究樣本就讀學院之分佈情形……………………………52表4 研究樣本就讀年級之分佈情形……………………………52表5 演說焦慮感受之驗證性因素分析與信度分析……………56表6 演說焦慮因應正式問卷之因素分析與信度分析…………60表7 演說焦慮經驗影響正式問卷之因素分析與信度分析……64表8 情緒調節之因素分析與信度分析…………………………66表9 情緒調節量表因素間之相關………………………………66表10 情緒調節之驗證性因素分析與信度分析…………………67表11 幽默因應之因素分析與信度分析…………………………69表12 幽默創造之因素分析與信度分析…………………………70表13 幽默因應量表因素間之相關………………………………71表14 幽默因應之驗證性因素分析與信度分析…………………71表15 幽默創造之驗證性因素分析與信度分析…………………72表16 創新行為量表之因素分析與信度分析……………………74表17 創意擴散量表之因素分析與信度分析……………………74表18 創新行為量表之驗證性因素分析與信度分析……………75表19 創意擴散量表之驗證性因素分析與信度分析……………75表20 職業選擇量表之因素分析與信度分析……………………77表21 職業選擇量表之驗證性因素分析與信度分析……………78表22 大學生「演說焦慮感受」排行表(就因素而言) ……….84表23 大學生「演說焦慮感受」排行表(就題目而言) ………84表24 大學生「演說焦慮因應」排行表(就因素而言) ………85表25 大學生「演說焦慮因應」排行表(就題目而言) ………86表26 大學生「演說焦慮經驗影響」排行表(就因素而言) …87表27 大學生「演說焦慮經驗影響」排行表(就題目而言) …88表28 基本資料中與演說焦慮相關之問題……………………89表29 大學生「情緒調節」排行表(就因素而言) ……………91表30 大學生「情緒調節」排行表(就題目而言) ……………92表31 大學生「幽默因應」排行表(就因素而言) ……………93表32 大學生「幽默創造」排行表(就因素而言) ……………94表33 大學生「幽默感」排行表(就題目而言) ………………94表34 大學生「創造力」排行表(就因素而言) ………………95表35 大學生「創造力」排行表(就題目而言) ………………96表36 大學生「職業選擇」排行表(就因素而言) ……………97表37 大學生「職業選擇」排行表(就題目而言) ……………97表38 性別在演說焦慮感受及其因素的變異數分析…………98表39 性別在演說焦慮因應及其因素的變異數分析…………99表40 年級在演說焦慮經驗影響及其因素的變異數分析……101表41 樣本地區在演說焦慮感受及其因素的變異數分析……102表42 樣本地區在演說焦慮經驗影響及其因素的變異數分析104表43 就讀學院在演說焦慮經驗影響及其因素的變異數分析106表44 公私立學校在演說焦慮經驗影響及其因素的變異數分析107表45 情緒調節與演說焦慮之相關………………………………109表46 幽默感與演說焦慮之相關…………………………………112表47 演說焦慮與創造力之相關…………………………………113表48 演說焦慮與職業選擇之相關………………………………115表49 情緒調節、幽默感與演說焦慮的典型相關分析摘要表…117表50 演說焦慮各變項與創造力、職業選擇的典型相關分析摘要表 119表51 情緒調節、幽默感對演說焦慮感受的變異數分析表………120表52 情緒調節、幽默感對演說焦慮感受的迴歸分析係數摘要表121表53 情緒調節、幽默感對演說焦慮因應的變異數分析表………121表54 情緒調節、幽默感對演說焦慮因應的迴歸分析係數摘要表121表55 情緒調節、幽默感對演說焦慮經驗影響的變異數分析表…122表56 情緒調節、幽默感對演說焦慮經驗影響的迴歸分析係數摘要表………………………………………………………………… 122表57 演說焦慮各變項對創新行為的變異數分析表………………123表58 演說焦慮各變項對創新行為的迴歸分析係數摘要表………123表59 演說焦慮各變項對創意擴散的變異數分析表………………123表60 演說焦慮各變項對創意擴散的迴歸分析係數摘要表………124表61 演說焦慮對逃避需要公開說話的工作的變異數分析表……124表62 演說焦慮對逃避需要公開說話的工作的迴歸分析係數摘要124表63 演說焦慮對尋求需要公開發表的職業選擇之變異數分析表125表64 演說焦慮對尋求需要公開發表的職業選擇之迴歸分析係數摘要表……………………………………………………………… 125表65 情緒調節、幽默感、演說焦慮對創新行為的變異數分析表126表66 情緒調節、幽默感、演說焦慮對創新行為的迴歸分析係數摘要表……………………………………………………………… 126表67 情緒調節、幽默感、演說焦慮對創意擴散的變異數分析表127表68 情緒調節、幽默感、演說焦慮對創意擴散的迴歸分析係數摘要表……………………………………………………………… 127表69 演說焦慮經驗影響總分、壓抑、一般生活創造及社交生活創造對創新行為的變異數分析表………………………………… 128表70 演說焦慮經驗影響總分、壓抑、一般生活創造及社交生活創造對創新行為的迴歸分析係數摘要表………………………… 128表71 演說焦慮感受、演說焦慮經驗影響總分、一般生活創造及社交生活創造對創意擴散的變異數分析表……………………… 128表72 演說焦慮感受、演說焦慮經驗影響總分、一般生活創造及社交生活創造對創意擴散的迴歸分析係數摘要表……………… 129圖 目 錄圖1 演說反應循環圈…………………………………………………15圖2 演說認知改變歷程………………………………………………20圖3 本研究架構圖……………………………………………………48 | zh_TW |
| dc.format.extent | 17286 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 26768 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 25317 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 23734 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 35047 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 166338 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 413703 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 364223 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 261672 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 200543 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 54101 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 302594 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 20982 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 39706 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 43812 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 36259 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 75569 bytes | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0911520341 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 演說焦慮 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 幽默感 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 情緒調節 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 創造力 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 職業選擇 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | public speaking anxiety | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | sense of humor | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | emotion regulation | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | creativity | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | career choice | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | 大學生的演說焦慮與情緒調節、幽默感、創造力、職業選擇之關係 | zh_TW |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 中文書目： | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 王佳玲(2004)。大學生情緒智力信念、創造力信念與情緒智力、創造力之關係。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 王政彥(1989)。溝通恐懼與學業成就、自我概念、自我坦露之研究。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 王政彥(1994)。溝通恐懼= Fear of Communicating：面對人際溝通的焦慮與害怕。臺北市：遠流出版。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 王基倫(1994)。「演說」談何容易？我的評審經驗談。國民教育，35(3/4)，25-30。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 田秀蘭(1988)。影響男女大學生職業興趣類型及職業選擇人境適配程度之有關因素研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 安德魯(1989)。演講學入門(游梓翔譯)。台北：正中。(原著出版年：1985年) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 江滿堂(2003)。國民小學校長領導策略與學校氣氛對教師知識分享意願影響之研究。國立屏東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，屏東市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 沈佩蒂、盧俊成(2001)。以組織資訊處理的觀點探討組織賦能與知識分享的關係---新興網站Any Way的個案分析。創新與知識管理學術研討會，台北：銘傳大學管理學院、交通大學經營管理研究所，121-135。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 宋婉萍(1998)。大學生音樂偏好、人格特徵、與創造力之相關研究。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 李澄賢(2004)。大學生的情緒調節、調節焦點、樂觀與創造力之關係。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 李慧賢(1996)。原住民學生創造力發展及其相關因素之研究 年級、性別、教師教學創新行為、父母教養態度、社會支持與創意經驗、創造思考能力之關係。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 李毓娟(1996)。大學生的心情經驗及其相關因素之研究 性別、心情經驗與幽默感、創意、學業成績之關係。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 李麗真(1995)。音樂在降低大學生考前情境焦慮上的效果與其影響內涵之研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文，未出版，彰化市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 何茂松(1984)。國民中學女生的動機水準、工作難度、合作與競爭對工作表現及焦慮狀態之影響。國立臺灣師範大學體育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 何春慧(2000)。大學生的社會焦慮與其相關因素之研究。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 林昭慧(1999)。幼兒在幼兒園中情緒調節之研究。私立中國文化大學兒童福利研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 吳靜吉、郭俊賢、王文中、劉鶴龍、陳淑惠和李慧賢(1996)。創新行為量表之編制與修訂。未出版。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 祝振華(1988)。怎樣講故事說笑話。台北：黎明。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 祝振華(1993)。說話的藝術。台北：黎明。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 張正男(1984)。演說與辯論。台北：復文。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 張春興(1995)。張氏心理學辭典。台北市：東華書局。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 教育部(2003)。全國語文競賽辦法。台北，教育部。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 教育部(2003)。國民中小學九年一貫課程綱要。台北，教育部。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 莊雅萌(1997)。影響大專農科畢業生職業選擇因素之研究。國立臺灣大學農業推廣研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 陳淑蓉(2003)。幽默感對能壓力事件及負向生活事件的認知評估、情緒反應之影響。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 黃德祥(1989)。國中與國小班級中影響學生社會行為與社會關係之相關因素研究。國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 楊如馨(2001)。音樂資優學生之父母管教方式、A型性格、認知風格與音樂表演焦慮之關係。國立台南師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台南市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 趙芳玫(2003)。高中職學生的焦慮與憂鬱傾向之探討 以台北縣地區為例。國立台北大學統計研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 趙錫如主編 (1990)。辭海。台北，將門文物。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 劉美芬(2003)。提昇國小學生國語即席演說能力之研究。國立台中師範學院國民教育研究所語文教學碩士論文，未出版，台中市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 劉佩雲(1990)。性別、創造力、自我檢校與幽默感的關係。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 鄭悅琪(1998)。國民小學組織氣氛、教師制握信念與教師溝通恐懼之關係研究。國立台南師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台南市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 鍾思嘉(1984)。諮商與心理治療—理論與應用。台北：大洋。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 謝孟芳(2002)。性別、家庭背景及職業興趣對國中資優班學生教育及職業選擇影響之研究。國立高雄師範大學特殊教育研究所高雄碩士論文，未出版，高雄市。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 西文書目： | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Amabile, T. M. (1983). The social psychology of creativity. New York: Springer-Verlag. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Auerbach, A. (1981). Self-Administered Treatments of Public Speaking Anxiety. Personnel & Guidance Journal, 60(2), 106-110. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Ayres, J. (1986). Perceptions of speaking ability: An explanation of stage fright. Communication Education, 35, 275-287. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Anthony, M. A. & Robert, S. (1974). Behavioral assessment of speech anxiety. The Quarterly journal of speech, 60, 134-143. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Antony, M. (1997). Assessment and treatment of social phobia. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 826-834. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Baucom, J. A. (1995). An exploratory study of public speaking anxiety and audience familiarity. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences & Engineering, 55(8-B), 3561. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Beak, C. E. (1969). Guidelines for guidance. New York: The Macmillan Company. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Behnke, R. R.; Sawyer, C, R. (1999). Milestones of anticipatory public speaking anxiety. Communication Education, 48(2), 165-172. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Beatty, M. J. (1984). Physiological Assessment in J.A. Daly & J. C. McCroskey (ed.) Avoiding Communication : Shyness, Reticence and Communication Apprehension, 95-107. Ca: SAGE Publications Inc. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Beatty, Michael J. (1988). Situational and predispositional correlates of public speaking anxiety. Communication Education, 37(1), 28-39. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Bigelow, L. I. (1997). Assessing the relationship between participation in the performing arts in schools and communication apprehension. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities & Social Sciences, 58(3-A), 0714. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Bloom, B.S. (1985). Developing talent in young people. New York: Ballantive Books. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Bruskin Associates. (1973). What are Americans afraid of? The Bruskin Report, 53, 27. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Burnley, M., Cross, P., & Spanos, N. (1993). The effects of stress inoculation training and skills training on the treatment of speech anxiety. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 12, 355-366. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Buss, A. H. (1980). Self-consciousness and social anxiety. San Francisco: Freeman. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Calkins, S. D. (1994). Origins and outcomes of individual differences in emotion regulation. Monographs of the society for research in child development, 56(n2-3), 53-72. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Carrillo, Eduvigis; Moya-Albiol, Luis; Gonzalez-Bono, Esperanza; Salvador, Alicia; Ricarte, Jorge; Gomez-Armor, Jesus.(2001). Gender difference in cardiovascular and electrodermal responses to public speaking task: The role of anxiety and mood states. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 42(3), 253-264. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Cole, P. M., Michel, M. K. & Teti, L. O. (1994). The development of emotion regulation and deregulation: A clinical perspective. Monographs of the society for research in child development, 59(n2-3), 73-100. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Comadena, Mark E.; Prusank, Diane T.(1988). Communication apprehension. Communication Education, 37(4), 270-277. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Daly, John A.; Vangelisti, Anita L.; Lawrence, Samuel G. (1989). Self-focused attention and public speaking anxiety. Personality & Individual Differences, 10(8), 903-913. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Daly, J. A., & Buss A. H. (1984). The transitory causes of audience anxiety. In J. A. Daly and J. C. McCroskey (Eds.), Avoiding communication. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Davenport, T., & Prusak, L. (1999). Working knowledge: How organizations manage what they know. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | DePaulo, B.M., Epstein, J. A., & LeMay, C. S. (1990).Responses of the socially anxious to the prospect of interpersonal evaluation. Journal of Personality, 58(4), 623-640. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Desberg, P. & Marsh, G. (1988). Controlling stagefright: presenting yourself to audiences from one to one thousand. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Dwyer, K. K. (1998).Conquer your speechfright: learn how to overcome the nervousness of public speaking. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Farmer, H.S. (1980). Environment, background, and psychological variables related to optimizing achievement and career motivation for high school girls. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 17, 58-70. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Frued, S.A. (1960). Jokes and their relation to the unconscious. New York: London, W.w. Noton & Company. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Gard, Carolyn J. (1999). Do you need to psych yourself up to give a speech? Current Health, 2, 26(1). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Gross, J. J. (1998). Antecedent- and response- focused emotion regulation: Divergent consequences for experience, expression, and physiology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 224-237. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Gross, J. J. & John, O.P. (2002). Wise emotion Regulation. In L.F. Barrett & P. Salovey (Eds.), The wisdom in feeling: Psychological processes in emotional intelligence. New York: Guilford Press, 297-318. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Harris, Sandra R.; Kemmerling, Robert L.; North, Max M.(2002). Brief Virtual Reality Therapy for Public Speaking Anxiety. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 5(6), 543-551. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Hansford, B.C., & Hattie, J. A. (1982). Communication apprehension: An assessment of Australian and United States data. Applied Psychological Measurements, 6, 225-233. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Hassall, Trevor; Joyce, John; Ottewill, Roger; Arquero, Jose; Donoso,Jose. (2000). Communication apprehension in UK and Spanish business and accounting students. Education & Training, 42(2), 93-100. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Hendricks, P. (1999).”Why share knowledge? The influence of Ict on the motivation for knowledge sharing ? ” Knowledge and Process Management, 6 (2), 91-100. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Herman, J.P. & Jarnese Hansen. (1974). Vocational Guidance & Career Development, Second Edition, New York : The Macmillian Company. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Hofmann, Stefan G.; DiBartolo, Patricia Marten. (2000). An instrument to assess self-statements during public speaking: Scale development and preliminary psychometric properties. Behavior Therapy, 31(3), 499-515. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Isen, A. M. (1999). On the relationship between affect and creative problem solving. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | In S. Russ(Ed.), Affect, creative experience, and psychological adjustment, 3-17. Philadelphia: Taylor and Francis. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kuiper, N. A., & Olinger, L. J.(1998). Humor and mental health. In H. Friedman( | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Ed.), Encyclopedia of mental health, 2, 445-457.San Diego, CA: Academic Press. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Lazarus, R. S., & Alfert, E. (1964). Short-circuiting of threat by experimentally altering cognitive appraisal. Journal of Abcdrmal and Social Psychology, 69, 195-205. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Leary, M. R. (1983).Understanding Social Anxiety: Social ,Personality and Clinical Perspectives. Ca: SAGE Publications, Inc.195-197. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | MacIntyre, Peter D.; MacDonald, J. Renee.(1998). Public speaking anxiety. Perceived competence and audience congeniality. Communication Education, 47(4), 359-365. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Martin, R. A. & Lefcourt, H. M.(1983).Sense of humor as a moderator of the relation between stress and moods. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(6), 1313-1324. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Martin, R. A. (2000). Humor. In A. E. Kazdin (ED), Encyclopedia of psychology (4, 202-204).Washington, DC:American Psychology Association and New York: Oxford University Press. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | McCroskey J.C. (1977). Classroom consequences of communication apprehension. Communication Education, 26, 27-33. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | McCroskey J. C. (1977). Oral communication apprehension: A review of recent theory and research. Human Communication Research, 4, 78-96. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | McCroskey J.C. (1977). The Communication Apprehension Perspective in J.A Daly & J.C. McCroskey(ed.) Avoiding Communication: Shyness, Reticence and Communication Apprehension, Ca: SAGE Publications Inc. 13-39. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | McCroskey, James.C.; Gudykunst, William B,; Nishida, Tsukasa (1977). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Communication apprehension among Japanese students in native and second language. Communication Research Reports, 2(1), 11-15. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | McCroskey J. C. (1982). Oral communication apprehension: A reconceptualization. In M. Burgoon (Ed.), Communication yearbook 6. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | McCroskey J. C. (1984). The communication apprehension perspective. In J. A. Daly and J. C. McCroskey(Eds.), Avoiding communication. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Millicent H.A. (1998). Interaction of humor and gender in moderating relationships between stress and outcomes. Journal of Psychology, 132, 267-276. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Montagna, Paul D. (1977). Occupations and Society: Toward a Sociology of the Labor Market, New York: Wiley. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Motley, Michael T. (1990). Public speaking anxiety qua performance anxiety: A revised model and an alternative therapy. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 5(2), 85-104 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Mulac A. & Wiemann J.M. (1984) Observer-Perceived Communicator Anxiety in J.A. Daly & J. C. McCroskey(ed.) Avoiding Communication : Shyness, Reticence and Communication Apprehension, Ca: SAGE Publications Inc. 107-121 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Nerhardt, G. (1970). Humor and inclination to laugh: Emotion reations to stimuli of different divergence from range of expectancy. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 11, 185-195. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Nezu, A.M.,Nezu,C.M.,& Blissett, S. E. (1988). Sense of humor as a moderator of the relation between stressful event and psychological distress: A Prospective analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(3), 520-525. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | O’Leary, V. E. (1998). Strength in the Face of Adversity: Individual and Social Thriving. Journal of Social Issues, 54, 425-446. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | O’Leary, V. E. & Ickovics, J. R. (1995). Resilience and thriving in response to challenge: An opportunity for a paradigm shift in women’s health. Women’s Health: Research on Gender, Behavior, and Policy, 1, 121-142. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Pollard, C. A., & Henderson, J. G. (1988). Four types of social phobia in a community sample. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 176, 440-445. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Richmond, V., & McCroskey, J. C. (1995). Communication: Apprehension, avoidance, and effectiveness (4th ed.). Scottsdale, AZ: Gorsuch Scarisbrick. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Ronale, A. B., & Joy, P. N. (1998). Effects of jocular instructional methods of attitudes, anxiety, and achievement in statistics courses. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 11(4), 383-409. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Rose, Raphael David. (2001). Speech anxiety and covert verbal behavior. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Science & Engineering, 62(1-B), 563. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Rossi, A., & Seiler, W. (1989). The comparative effectiveness of systematic desensitization and an integrative approach in treating public speaking anxiety: a literature review and a preliminary investigation. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9, 49–66. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Sawyer, Chris R.; Behnke, Ralph R.(1990).The role of self-monitoring processes in the communication of public speaking anxiety. Communication Reports, 3(2), 70-74. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Schlenker, B. R., & Leary, M.R. (1982). Social anxiety and self-presentation: A conceptualization and model. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 641-669. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Senge,P.(1997). Sharing Knowledge, Executive Excellence. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Sternberg, R.J. & Lubart, T. I. (1995). Defying the crowd, Cultivating creativity in a culture of conformity. NY: The Free Press. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Super, D.E. (1957). The Psychology of Careers, Haper & Brothers Press, 71-73. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Super, D.E. (1963). Toward making self concept theory operational. In D.E. Super et.al (Eds.), Career development: Self concept theory. N.Y.: College Entrance Board. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Thomas, L. Todd(1997). Public speaking anxiety: how to face the fear. Fort Worth, Tex.: Harcourt Brace College. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Wolniewicz, Rebecca Ann. (1998).The conceptual equivalence of communication apprehension in Japan and the United States. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities & Social Sciences, 58(7-A), 2456. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Ziv, A. (1984). Personality and Sense of Humor. New York: Spring Publishing Company. | zh_TW |
