dc.contributor.advisor | 張卿卿 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.advisor | Chang,Ching-ching | en_US |
dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 李景浩 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author (Authors) | Li,Ching-how | en_US |
dc.creator (作者) | 李景浩 | zh_TW |
dc.creator (作者) | Li,Ching-how | en_US |
dc.date (日期) | 2004 | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 17-Sep-2009 15:34:39 (UTC+8) | - |
dc.date.available | 17-Sep-2009 15:34:39 (UTC+8) | - |
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 17-Sep-2009 15:34:39 (UTC+8) | - |
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0924520021 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri (URI) | https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33134 | - |
dc.description (描述) | 碩士 | zh_TW |
dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
dc.description (描述) | 廣告研究所 | zh_TW |
dc.description (描述) | 92452002 | zh_TW |
dc.description (描述) | 93 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract (摘要) | 在各式各樣的銷售技巧中,誇張廠商建議價格是一種常見的手法,廠商漫天喊價誇大原始售價,無非是希望能讓消費覺得實際售價低廉且商品值得購買。但在廠商使用這樣的策略時,有些人會察覺到廠商操弄的意圖進而對廠商、商品產生負面的感覺。本研究認為消費者的認知需求程度是參考價格產生效果的重要調節變項,因此,本研究發展兩階段的實驗來探討消費者認知需求高低對其處理價格資訊的影響。研究方式與結果簡述如下:在第一個階段中研究的是誇張的行銷訊息(誇張的廠商售價)對於認知需求程度不同的消費者的效果差異,以及廠商售價對於消費者的商品態度與購買意願的影響。研究結果發現,認知需求低者較易被廠商宣稱的誇張價格影響其對商品的推估價格,進而對商品產生較佳的態度與購買意願。在第二個階段中,本研究設計讓已經受到廠商訂價影響的消費者接觸實際售價,探討消費者的認知需求程度對於其操弄意圖推論程度的影響及消費者操弄意圖推論程度對於其最終購買意願與商品態度產生的效果。結果發現,認知需求高的消費者其操弄意圖推論程度亦高,且消費者的操弄意圖推論程度愈高;對於消費者商品態度與購買意願負面的影響也愈大。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract (摘要) | One main concern regarding the use of reference prices in advertisements relates to the possibility of perceived deception due to consumers` reaction towards exaggerated or implausible price claims. This paper examines the moderating roles of an individual level variable-need for cognition (NFC), in influencing consumers’ evaluation of the reference prices in a two-stage experiment. The results support the hypothesized effects of need for cognition and demonstrate that, in the first stage, consumers with a high need for cognition assimilate a smaller portion of the external reference points (ERPs) into their existing internal reference point (IRPs). In addition, for consumers with a low need for cognition, the increasing level of reference price results in positive effects on value perception, brand attitudes and purchase intention.In the second stage, I introduced inferences of manipulative intent (IMI) as a dependant variable. The results suggest that for consumers with a high need for cognition, the greater the discrepancy between their estimated price and real price, the higher level of perceived manipulative intent of advertisers. This leads to negative attitudes toward the advertiser and results in negative effects on brand attitudes and purchase intention.Implications for research and practitioners are discussed. | en_US |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究動機及目的 1第二節 網路上的訂價策略研究 3第三節 研究程序 5第二章 文獻探討 7第一節 參考價格 7第二節 認知需求 13第三節 價格-品質推論 17第四節 操弄意圖推論 19第三章 研究架構與假設 21第一節 研究架構 21第二節 研究假設 23第四章 研究方法 29第一節 研究方法選擇 29第二節 實驗設計與實驗商品選擇 31第三節 研究對象 33第四節 研究流程 34第五節 訊息內容設計 35第六節 變項定義與測量 37第七節 前測 40第五章 研究結果 43第一節 量表信度檢測 43第二節 自變項操弄檢定 45第三節 假設驗證 46第六章 結論 67第一節 主要發現與討論 67第二節 研究限制 70第三節 研究貢獻 71參考文獻 77附錄 83 | zh_TW |
dc.format.extent | 75261 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 110538 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 76180 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 69852 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 181523 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 208017 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 133498 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 281932 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 229744 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 157975 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 86210 bytes | - |
dc.format.extent | 1773040 bytes | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0924520021 | en_US |
dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 參考價格 | zh_TW |
dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 認知需求 | zh_TW |
dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 價格品質推論 | zh_TW |
dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 操弄意圖推論 | zh_TW |
dc.subject (關鍵詞) | reference price | en_US |
dc.subject (關鍵詞) | nfc | en_US |
dc.subject (關鍵詞) | need for cognition | en_US |
dc.subject (關鍵詞) | imi | en_US |
dc.subject (關鍵詞) | inferences of manipulative intent | en_US |
dc.title (題名) | 參考價格的效果:以消費者認知需求程度探討 | zh_TW |
dc.title (題名) | The moderating impact of need for cognition on the effect of reference prices - A contingency model | en_US |
dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 中文部分: | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 民生報(2003年6月10日)。〈拍賣網站人氣大較勁〉,A8版。 | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 李卓穎 (2003)。《廠商建議售價、商店售價與商店價位印象對消費者行為之影響》。國立臺灣大學商學研究所碩士論文。 | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 陳嘉琪 (2004)。《拍賣網站購物決策影響因素之研究:以產品類型、出價次數、與訊息來源為例》。國立政治大學廣告研究所碩士論文。 | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 商業周刊(2004)。〈不要跟我談專業,Show me the money〉,854:92-97。 | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 廖佩君 (2002)。《廣告參考價格與產品購買頻率對消費者行為之影響》。國立台灣大學商學研究所碩士論文。 | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 英文部分: | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Alba, Joseph W. & Hutchinson, J. Wesley (1987). Dimension of Consumer Expertise. Journal of Consumer Research, 13 (March), 411-454. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Anderson, Ronald D., Engledow, Jack L. & Becker, Helmut (1979). Evaluating the Relationships Among Attitude Toward Business, Product Satisfaction, Experience, and Search Effort. Journal of Marketing Research, 16, 394-400. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Axsom, D., Yates, S. M. & Chaiken, S. S. (1987). Audience Response as a Heuristic Cue in Persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psycchology, 53, 30-40. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Biswas, Abhijit & Blair, Edward A. (1991). Contextual Effects of Reference Prices in Retail Advertisements. Journal of Marketing, 55 (July), 1-12. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Biswas, A. & Sherrell, D. L. (1993). The Influence of Product knowledge and Brand Name on Internal Price Standards and Confidence. Psychology and Marketing, 10, 31-46. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Burman, Bidisha & Biswas Abhijit. (2004) Reference prices in retail advertisements: moderating effects of market price dispersion and need for cognition on consumer value perception and shopping intention. The Journal of Product and Brand Management, 13(6),379-390. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Cacioppo, J.T., Petty, R.E., & Morris, K. J. (1983). Effects of Need for Cognition on Message Evaluation, Recall, and Persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(4), 805-818. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Campbell, M.C. (1995). When attention-getting advertising tactics elicit consumer inferences of manipulative intent: The importance of balancing benefits and investments. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 4(3), 225-254. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Chandrashekaran, Rajesh., & Grewal, Dhruv. (2003). Assimilation of advertised reference prices: The moderating role of involvement. Journal of Retailing. 79(1), 53-62. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Chernatony, L. and McWilliam, G. (1989) The strategic implications of clarifying how marketers interpret brands. Journal of Marketing Management, 5(2), 153-171. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Cohen, A.R., Stotland,E., & Wolfe, D.M.(1955). An experimental investigation of need for cognition. Journal of Abcdrmal and social Psychology, 51, 291-294. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Compeau, Larry D. & Grewal, Dhruv (1998). Comparative Price Advertising. An Integrative Review. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 17 (Fall), 257-273. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Della Bitta, Albert J., Monroe, Kent B. & McGinnis, John M. (1981). Consumer Perceptions of Comparative Price Advertisements. Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (November), 416-427. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Eagly, H. A., Wood, W. & Chaiken, S. (1978). Causal Inferences nout Communicators and their Effect on Opioion Change. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(4), 424-435. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Emory, Fred (1970). Some Psychological Aspects of Price. Price Strategy. Bernard Taylor and Gordon Wills, eds. Princeton, NJ: Brandon/Systems, 98-111. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Friestad, Marian & Wright, Peter (1994). The Persuasion Knowledge Model: How People Cope with Persuasion Attempts. Journal of Consumer Research, 21 (June), 1–31. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Helson, Harry, (1964). Adaptation-Level Theory. Harper &Row, New York. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Jacobson, Robert & Obermiller, Carl (1990). The Formation of Expected Future Price: A Reference Price for Forward-Looking Consumers. Journal of Consumer Research, 16 (March), 420-32. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Johnson, E. J. & Russo, J. E.(1984). Product Familiarity And Learning New Information. Journal of Consumer Research, 11(1), 542-550. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kahneman, Daniel & Tversky, Amos (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185, 1124-1131. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kahneman, Daniel & Tversky, Amos (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decisions under Risk. Econometrica, 47 (March), 263-291. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kahneman, Daniel, Slovic, Paul & Tversky, Amos. (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kahneman, Daniel, Knetsch, J.L. & Thaler, R.H. (1986). Fairness and the Assumptions of Economics. Journal of Business, 59(4), 285-299. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kalyanaram, Gurumurthy & Winer, Russell S. (1995). Empirical Generalizations From Reference Price Research. Marketing Science, 14(3), 161-169. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Katz D. (1960). The Functional Approach to the Study of Attitudes. Public Opinion Quarterly, 24, 163-204. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Klein, N. M.,& Oglethorpe, J. E. (1987). Cognitive Reference Point in Consumer Decision Making. Advances in Consumer Research, Melanie Wallendorf and Paul Anderson, eds. Provo, UT: Association, 14. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Lichtenstein, Donald R. & Burton, Scot (1989). The Relationship Between Perceived | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | and Objective Price-Quality. Journal of Marketing Research, 26(Nov), 429-443. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Lichtenstein, Donald R. & Bearden, William 0. (1989). Contextual Influences on Perceptions of Merchant-Supplied Reference Prices. Journal of Consumer Research, 16 (June), 55-66. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Mitchell, J. M. & Olson, J. C. (1981). Are Product Attribute Beliefs the Only Mediator of Advertising Effects on Brand Attribute Toward the Advertisement. Journal of Consumer Research, 13, 12-24. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Monroe, K. B. & Krishnan, R. (1985). The Effect of Price on Subjective Product Evaluations. Perceived Quality, J. Jacoby and J. Olson, eds., Lexington, MA:Lexington Books, 209-232. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Monroe, Kent B. (1990). The Effects of Buyers` Intentions to Learn Price Information on Price Encoding. Journal of Retailing 66 (Spring): 15-32. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Monroe, Kent B. & Suri, Rajneesh (2001). The Effects of Need for Cognition and Trait Anxiety on Price Acceptability. Psychology & Marketing, 18(1), 21-42. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Ofir, Chezy (2004). Reexamining Latitude of Price Acceptability and Price Thresholds: Predicting Basic Consumer Reaction to Price. Journal of Consumer Research, 30, 612-621. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Park, C.W. & Lessing, V. P. (1981). Familiarity and its Impacts on Consumer Decision Biases and Heuristics. Journal of Consumer Research, 8(Sep.), 223-230. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Petty, R. E & Cacioppo, J. T.(1982). The need for cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 116-131. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Petty, Richard & Cacioppo, John T. (1986). The Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 19 (I), 123-205. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Rao, Akshay R. & Monroe,Kent B. (1988). The Moderating Effects of Prior Knowledge on Cue Utilization in Product Evaluations”, Journal of Consumer Research, 15(Sept), 253-264. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Rudell,F. (1979). Consumer Food Selection and Nutrition Information. New York: Praeger. Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 39. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Sagarin, Brad J., Sherman B. Serna & Cialdini, Robert B. & Rice, William E. (2002). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(3), 526-541. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Sanbonmatsu, D. & Kardes, F. R.(1988). The Effects of Physiological Arousal on Information Processing and Persuasion. Journal of Consumer Research, 15, 379-385. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Sherif, Muzafer & Hovland, Carl (1961). Social Judgment: Assimilation and Contrast Effects in Communication and Attitude Change. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Thaler, Richard (1985). Mental Accounting and Consumer Choice. Marketing Science, 4 (3), 199-214. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Urbany, Joel E., William O. Bearden, & Weilbaker, Dan C. (1988). The Effect of Plausible and Exaggerated Reference Prices on Consumer Perceptions and Price Search. Journal of Consumer Research, 14 (June), 95-110. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Wright, P. (1973). The cognitive process mediating acceptance of advertising. Journal of Marketing Research, 10, 53-62. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | U.S. Department of Commerence. (2005, May 20). U. S. Census Bureau News. Washington, DC: Retrieved May 25, 2005, from the World Wide Web: http://www.census.gov/eos/www/ebusiness614.htm | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Yadav, Manjit S. and Kathleen Seiders (1998), Is the Price Right? Understanding Contingent Processing in Reference Price Formation. Journal of Retailing, 74, No. 3, pp. 311-329. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Yi, Y.(1990). The Indirect Effects of Advertisements Designed to Change Product Attribute Beliefs. Psychology & Marketing, 7(1), 47-64. | zh_TW |
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Zhang, Yong (1996). Responses to Humorous Advertising: The Moderating Effect of Need for Cognition. Journal of Advertising, 25(1), 15-32. | zh_TW |