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題名 美國電影教育與課程設計之變革初探
Understanding The Evolution of The American Film Education System And Curriculum
作者 鄭明惠
Jeng，Ming-Huey
貢獻者 盧非易
Lu，Feii
鄭明惠
Jeng，Ming-Huey
關鍵詞 motion pictures
cinema
film
film education--U.S.A
new technology
digital technology
film school
University of Southern California
New York University
University of California-Los Angeles
Syracuse University
日期 2006
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 15:41:24 (UTC+8)
摘要 隨著社會與科技發展，電影教育之規劃也持續改變，特別是數位科技的浪潮衝擊下，電影教育的變化也隨之加劇。本研究之目的即在探討美國電影教育如何受到電影產業對、社會及科技的影響。本文以University of Southern California, New York University, University of California-Los Angeles, and Syracuse University 這四個學校為主要研究對象，針對其自1960年代迄今的電影教育規劃、學位授與設計、和課程結構進行整理分析，以試圖理解電影教育與產業、社會與科技變化之關係，並透過文獻研究與專家深訪，加以驗證。此研究發現電影教育機構透過新課程的開設、學程提供及學位授與規定的調整等等方式，反應產業、社會、科技的變化。雖然電影創造的本質並未改變，但其本質及概念仍持續影響學校電影課程的外貌。
American film education system is changing, particularly in light of the digital technology boom. Just how American film education has evolved with regards to the market, social, and technical influences is the objective of this research. Four schools--University of Southern California, New York University, University of California-Los Angeles, Syracuse University--and their undergraduate and graduate curricula from 1960s to present are examined. Qualitative explanations are supported by interviews with administrators and instructors. The study finds that technological developments play an important role in the evolution of American film education by engendering the creation of new courses, programs, departments, and degrees. Yet, the fundamentals of filmmaking have not changed, and schools’ origin and philosophy remain influential factors in shaping the film curriculum.
參考文獻 AFI. (1969). Washington, D.C.: Guide to College Film Courses 1969-1970.
Bordwell, D., Staiger, J. and Thompson, K. (1991). The classical Hollywood cinema. London: Routledge.
Bowser, E. (1994). The Transformation of Cinema, 1907-1915. History of the American Cinema. Berkeley: University of California Press.
CILECT. (1972). Brussels: UNESCO meeting of experts on the education of film-makers for tomorrow’s cinema-Belgrade.
Cinematic institutions. (1973). Paris: Reports and Papers on Mass Communications.
Gates, A. (1995, November 21). Lights, Camera, Action and Tuition. New York Times.
Greenfelder, L. (Ed.). (1970). Guide to College Film Courses 1970-1971. Washington, D.C.: AFI.
Griffin, S. (2000). Millenial momentum: a report on the society for cinema studies conference, 2000.
Insdorf, A. (1983, August 21). Film School—A Report Card. New York Times.
Kelly K. & Edgar T. (1997). Film school confidential: the insider’s guide to film school. New York: The Berkeley Publishing Group.
Landy, M. (1997). Film and English/American studies: what are we doing in an English department? Critical Quarterly, 39 (1), 42.
Litman, B. (1998). The motion picture mega-industry. Needham Heights: Allyn & Bacon.
McQuail, D. (2000). McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory. London: SAGE Publications.
Mjagkij, N. (2003). The film industry in the United States: a brief historical overview. Muncie: Ball State University.
Nelmes, J. (Ed.). (1996). Film: the place where art and technology meet. An Introduction to Film Studies. New York: Routledge.
Peters, J.M.L. (1961). Teaching about the film. Switzerland: Unesco.
Radner, H. (1999). Review of The Eloquence of the Vulgar: Language, Cinema and the Politics of Culture by Colin MacCabe. London: British Film Institute.
Rawlinson, D. (1962). A world survey of training programs in cinema. Journal of the University Film Producers Association, 14 (4), 3-7, 16.
Robinson, D. (1996). From Peep Show to Palace: The Birth of American Film. New York: Columbia University Press.
Sheffield, S.L. (2001). Streetwise: rethinking motion picture arts education. Journal of Film and Video, 53 (1), 20.
Simpson, P., Utterson, A. & Shepherdson, K.J. (Eds.). (2004). Review of Film, Theory, Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies. London: Routledge.
Slide, A. (Ed.). (1994). Early American cinema. Metuchen: The Scarecrow Press.
Tyo, J. (1962). Film production courses in the United States universities. Journal of the University Film Producers Association, 14 (4), 8-13.
UNESCO. (1949). Paris: Report of the commission on technical needs.
UNESCO. (1950). Paris: Report on the facilities of mass communication.
Van Ness, E. (2005, March 06). Is a Cinema Studies Degree the New M.B.A.? New York Times.
Welsh, J. (1999, January 1). Still inventing the wheel [Editorial]. Literature Film Quarterly.
Interviewee list:
Christine Choy, personal interview at NYU, April 12, 2005. She was at the time of the interview Chairperson of the Graduate Program of the Maurice Kanbar Institute of Film and Television at New York University Tisch School of the Arts,
David Irving, personal interview at NYU, April 11, 2005. He was at the time of the interview Chairperson of the Undergraduate Program of the Maurice Kanbar Institute of Film and Television at New York University Tisch School of the Arts,
Dr. Michael Renov, personal interview at USC, April 2005. Professor of Critical Studies and Associate Dean of the School of Cinematic Arts.
Richard Weinberg, personal interview at USC, April 2005. Director and Founder of the USC Computer Animation Laboratory.
Web resources:
Search on motion pictures. http://www.answers.com/motion%20pictures
Search on film. http://www.answers.com/topic/film
University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts. Record-Breaking Groundbreaking. (2006). (Press Release). http://cinema.usc.edu/article.cfm?article=384&type=4
University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts website. http://cinema.usc.edu/resources/resources-history.cfm
Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. Search on nickelodeon. http://www.clpgh.org/http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/neighborhoods/downtown/down_n71.html
Search on Bachelor of Arts. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor_of_Fine_Arts
Search on Hollywood movie studios. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Hollywood_movie_studios
University of Southern California Interactive Media Division website. http://interactive.usc.edu/about/
Bellis, M. Search on Eadweard Muybridge. http://inventors.about.com/od/mstartinventors/a/Muybridge.htm
New York University Tisch School of the Arts, Interactive Telecommunications Program website. (2007). http://itp.tisch.nyu.edu/object/itp_overview.html
Search on history of motion pictures. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/edhtml/edfict.html#F
NYU website. University facts. http://www.nyu.edu/about/facts.html
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences website. Search of its history. http://www.oscars.org/academy/history.html
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences website. Search on the Oscar. http://www.oscar.com/legacy/?pn=ceremon
University of California-Los Angeles Department of Theater, Film and Television website. http://www.tft.ucla.edu/about.cfm
Syracuse University College of Visual and Performing Arts Department of Transmedia, Film Department, website. http://vpa.syr.edu/index.cfm/page/transmedia-film-art
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
廣播電視學研究所
91453021
95
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0914530213
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 盧非易zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lu，Feiien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 鄭明惠zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Jeng，Ming-Hueyen_US
dc.creator (作者) 鄭明惠zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Jeng，Ming-Hueyen_US
dc.date (日期) 2006en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 15:41:24 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 15:41:24 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 15:41:24 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0914530213en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33174-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 廣播電視學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91453021zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨著社會與科技發展，電影教育之規劃也持續改變，特別是數位科技的浪潮衝擊下，電影教育的變化也隨之加劇。本研究之目的即在探討美國電影教育如何受到電影產業對、社會及科技的影響。本文以University of Southern California, New York University, University of California-Los Angeles, and Syracuse University 這四個學校為主要研究對象，針對其自1960年代迄今的電影教育規劃、學位授與設計、和課程結構進行整理分析，以試圖理解電影教育與產業、社會與科技變化之關係，並透過文獻研究與專家深訪，加以驗證。此研究發現電影教育機構透過新課程的開設、學程提供及學位授與規定的調整等等方式，反應產業、社會、科技的變化。雖然電影創造的本質並未改變，但其本質及概念仍持續影響學校電影課程的外貌。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) American film education system is changing, particularly in light of the digital technology boom. Just how American film education has evolved with regards to the market, social, and technical influences is the objective of this research. Four schools--University of Southern California, New York University, University of California-Los Angeles, Syracuse University--and their undergraduate and graduate curricula from 1960s to present are examined. Qualitative explanations are supported by interviews with administrators and instructors. The study finds that technological developments play an important role in the evolution of American film education by engendering the creation of new courses, programs, departments, and degrees. Yet, the fundamentals of filmmaking have not changed, and schools’ origin and philosophy remain influential factors in shaping the film curriculum.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents DEDICATION i
ABSTRACT ii
ACKNOWLEGEMENTS iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iv
LIST OF TABLES v
LIST OF CHARTS vi

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Motivations 2
1.2 Goals 3
1.3 Summary 3

CHAPTER 2: HISTORY AND LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 The coming of film education 5
2.2 The development of motion pictures into an entertainment business 6
2.3 The rise and fall of the motion picture industry in the United States 9
2.4 Summary 14

CHAPTER 3: THE MARRIAGE OF MOTION PICTURES AND
TECHNOLOGY
3.1 Technology in motion pictures 16
3.2 Motion pictures in technology 18
3.3 Summary 21

CHAPTER 4: THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOTION PICTURES AS
AN ACADEMIC STUDY
4.1 The birth of a new discipline 22
4.2 The focus of cinema studies over the years 24
4.3 American film education today 26
4.3.1 Types of film degrees offered 28
4.3.2 Duration of film programs 29
4.4 Summary 29

CHAPTER 5: SAMPLES, LIMIATIONS AND METHODS
5.1 Types of film schools 31
5.2 Sample 33
5.3 Limitations 34
5.4 Method 36
5.5 Summary 39

CHAPTER 6: UNDERSTANDING THE ORIGIN OF FILM SCHOOLS
6.1 University of Southern California 41
6.2 New York University 48
6.3 University of California – Los Angles 52
6.4 Syracuse University 55
6.5 Summary 57

CHAPTER 7: RESEARCH AND FINDINGS
7.1 University of Southern California 59
7.2 New York University 72
7.3 University of California – Los Angles 86
7.4 Syracuse University 96
7.5 Summary 100

CHAPTER 8: DISCUSSION OF THE PAST AND FUTURE OF AMERICAN FILM EDUCATION
8.1 From a quantitative analysis 104
8.2 From a qualitative analysis 108
8.2.1 School origin, philosophy, and funding 108
8.2.2 Departments and degrees 111
8.3 Conclusion 113
8.4 Future direction 115

BIBLIOGRAPHY 118
APPENDIX 1 Data and analysis of the undergraduate and graduate curricula 122
APPENDIX 2 Comparison of the schools’ origins 160
APPENDIX 3 Comparison of the undergraduate and graduate degrees offered 161
by all schools		zh_TW
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0914530213en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) motion picturesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) cinemaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) filmen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) film education--U.S.Aen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) new technologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) digital technologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) film schoolen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) University of Southern Californiaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) New York Universityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) University of California-Los Angelesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Syracuse Universityen_US
dc.title (題名) 美國電影教育與課程設計之變革初探zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Understanding The Evolution of The American Film Education System And Curriculumen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) AFI. (1969). Washington, D.C.: Guide to College Film Courses 1969-1970.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bordwell, D., Staiger, J. and Thompson, K. (1991). The classical Hollywood cinema. London: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bowser, E. (1994). The Transformation of Cinema, 1907-1915. History of the American Cinema. Berkeley: University of California Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) CILECT. (1972). Brussels: UNESCO meeting of experts on the education of film-makers for tomorrow’s cinema-Belgrade.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cinematic institutions. (1973). Paris: Reports and Papers on Mass Communications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gates, A. (1995, November 21). Lights, Camera, Action and Tuition. New York Times.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Greenfelder, L. (Ed.). (1970). Guide to College Film Courses 1970-1971. Washington, D.C.: AFI.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Griffin, S. (2000). Millenial momentum: a report on the society for cinema studies conference, 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Insdorf, A. (1983, August 21). Film School—A Report Card. New York Times.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kelly K. & Edgar T. (1997). Film school confidential: the insider’s guide to film school. New York: The Berkeley Publishing Group.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Landy, M. (1997). Film and English/American studies: what are we doing in an English department? Critical Quarterly, 39 (1), 42.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Litman, B. (1998). The motion picture mega-industry. Needham Heights: Allyn & Bacon.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McQuail, D. (2000). McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory. London: SAGE Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mjagkij, N. (2003). The film industry in the United States: a brief historical overview. Muncie: Ball State University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nelmes, J. (Ed.). (1996). Film: the place where art and technology meet. An Introduction to Film Studies. New York: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Peters, J.M.L. (1961). Teaching about the film. Switzerland: Unesco.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Radner, H. (1999). Review of The Eloquence of the Vulgar: Language, Cinema and the Politics of Culture by Colin MacCabe. London: British Film Institute.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rawlinson, D. (1962). A world survey of training programs in cinema. Journal of the University Film Producers Association, 14 (4), 3-7, 16.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Robinson, D. (1996). From Peep Show to Palace: The Birth of American Film. New York: Columbia University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sheffield, S.L. (2001). Streetwise: rethinking motion picture arts education. Journal of Film and Video, 53 (1), 20.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Simpson, P., Utterson, A. & Shepherdson, K.J. (Eds.). (2004). Review of Film, Theory, Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies. London: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Slide, A. (Ed.). (1994). Early American cinema. Metuchen: The Scarecrow Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tyo, J. (1962). Film production courses in the United States universities. Journal of the University Film Producers Association, 14 (4), 8-13.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UNESCO. (1949). Paris: Report of the commission on technical needs.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UNESCO. (1950). Paris: Report on the facilities of mass communication.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Van Ness, E. (2005, March 06). Is a Cinema Studies Degree the New M.B.A.? New York Times.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Welsh, J. (1999, January 1). Still inventing the wheel [Editorial]. Literature Film Quarterly.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Interviewee list:zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Christine Choy, personal interview at NYU, April 12, 2005. She was at the time of the interview Chairperson of the Graduate Program of the Maurice Kanbar Institute of Film and Television at New York University Tisch School of the Arts,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) David Irving, personal interview at NYU, April 11, 2005. He was at the time of the interview Chairperson of the Undergraduate Program of the Maurice Kanbar Institute of Film and Television at New York University Tisch School of the Arts,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dr. Michael Renov, personal interview at USC, April 2005. Professor of Critical Studies and Associate Dean of the School of Cinematic Arts.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Richard Weinberg, personal interview at USC, April 2005. Director and Founder of the USC Computer Animation Laboratory.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Web resources:zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Search on motion pictures. http://www.answers.com/motion%20pictureszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Search on film. http://www.answers.com/topic/filmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts. Record-Breaking Groundbreaking. (2006). (Press Release). http://cinema.usc.edu/article.cfm?article=384&type=4zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts website. http://cinema.usc.edu/resources/resources-history.cfmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. Search on nickelodeon. http://www.clpgh.org/http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/neighborhoods/downtown/down_n71.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Search on Bachelor of Arts. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor_of_Fine_Artszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Search on Hollywood movie studios. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Hollywood_movie_studioszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) University of Southern California Interactive Media Division website. http://interactive.usc.edu/about/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bellis, M. Search on Eadweard Muybridge. http://inventors.about.com/od/mstartinventors/a/Muybridge.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) New York University Tisch School of the Arts, Interactive Telecommunications Program website. (2007). http://itp.tisch.nyu.edu/object/itp_overview.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Search on history of motion pictures. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/edhtml/edfict.html#Fzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) NYU website. University facts. http://www.nyu.edu/about/facts.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences website. Search of its history. http://www.oscars.org/academy/history.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences website. Search on the Oscar. http://www.oscar.com/legacy/?pn=ceremonzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) University of California-Los Angeles Department of Theater, Film and Television website. http://www.tft.ucla.edu/about.cfmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Syracuse University College of Visual and Performing Arts Department of Transmedia, Film Department, website. http://vpa.syr.edu/index.cfm/page/transmedia-film-artzh_TW