Publications-Theses

題名 英語為外語的進階學習者使用完成式之研究
Perfect Aspect in Advanced EFL Learners` Interlanguage
作者 楊宇婷
Yang,Yu Ting
貢獻者 黃瓊之
楊宇婷
Yang,Yu Ting
關鍵詞 完成式
中介語
語言形式和語意的連結
情狀體
篇章組織
Perfect aspect
Interlanguage
Form-meaning matching
Lexical aspect
Discourse organization
日期 2006
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 16:29:01 (UTC+8)
摘要 本論文藉由分析三十二位主修英語的研究生所寫的克漏字測驗以及引導寫作來探討其使用完成式的情形。文中的討論主要涵蓋了三個面向:語言形式和語意之間的連結,語法體(grammatical aspect)與情狀體(lexical aspect)之間的關聯,以及語法體與篇章組織(discourse organization)之間的關係。本篇研究發現,進階學習者能將完成式的語言形式正確使用,但是似乎仍未能達到高度的適當使用(appropriate use)。此外,研究發現學習者有使用完成式的動詞似乎偏向於其語意中帶有終點(endpoint)或結果狀態(result state)的類別,此項發現並支持之前文獻的研究結果。最後,結果亦顯示學習者在篇章中所使用的完成式似乎具有情景建立的功能(scene-setting function),幫助他們在文章的開頭建立起背景。
This study aims to explore the advanced learners’ use of the perfect aspect from the perspectives of form-meaning matching, lexical aspect influence and discourse organization influence. Thirty-two English-majored graduate students participated in the present study and they had to complete two tasks: a cloze test and a composition. With a careful examination over the collected data, these advanced learners’ use of the perfect aspect could be summarized as the following. First of all, they showed better formal accuracy than appropriate use of the perfect aspect. Although they presented more underuse in the task of cloze, they had more overuse in their compositions. Secondly, it was found that the perfect aspect was closely related to the verbs involving a semantic endpoint. These verbs, according to Vendler’s classification, are ACCOMPLISHMENTS and ACHIEVEMENTS. Finally, the learners in the present study showed a tendency of using the perfect aspect as the scene-setting function in the opening paragraph of their compositions.
參考文獻 Andersen, R. (1991). Developmental sequences: The emergence of aspect marking in second language acquisition. In C. A. Ferguson & T. Huebner (Eds.), Second language acquisition and linguistic theories (pp. 305-324). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Andersen, R. W., & Shirai, Y. (1994). Discourse motivations for some cognitive acquisition principles. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 16, 135-156.
Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1992a). The relationship of form and meaning: A cross-sectional study of tense and aspect in the interlanguage of learners of English as a second language. Applied Psycholinguistics, 13, 253-278.
Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1992b). The telling of a tale: Discourse structure and tense use in learners’ narratives. In L. Bouton & Y. Kachru (Eds.), Pragmatics and language learning (Vol. 3, pp. 144-161). Urbana: Division of English as an International Language, University of Illinois.
Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1994). Anecdote or evidence? Evaluating support for hypotheses concerning the development of tense and aspect. In S. Gass, A.Cohen, & E. Tarone (Eds.), Research methodology in second language acquisition (pp. 41-60). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1997). Another piece of the puzzle: The emergence of the present perfect. Language Learning, 47:3, 375-422.
Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1998). Narrative structure and lexical aspect: Conspiring factors in second language acquisition of tense-aspect morphology. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 20, 471-508.
Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1999). From morpheme studies to temporal semantics: Tense-aspect research in SLA. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 21, 341-382.
Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2000). Tense and aspect in second language acquisition: Form, meaning and use. Malden: Blackwell publishers.
Bardovi-Harlig, K., & Bofman, T. (1989). Attainment of syntactic and morphological accuracy by advanced language learners. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 11, 17-34.
Brinton, L. J. (1988). The development of English aspectual systems: Aspectualizers and post-verbal particles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bybee, J. L., R. Perkins and W. Pagliuca. (1994). The evolution of grammar: Tense, aspect, and modality in the languages of the world. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Comrie, B. (1976). Aspect. Cambridge: C.U.P.
Croft, W. (1998). The structure of events and the structure of language. In M. Tomasello (Ed.), The new psychology of language: Cognitive and fuctional approaches to language structure (pp. 67-92). Lawrence Erlbaum.
Dowty, D. R. (1979). Word meaning and Montague grammar: The semantics of verbs and times in generative semantics and in Montague’s PTQ. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
Dry, H. (1981). Sentence aspect and the movement of narrative time. Text, 1, 233-240.
Dry, H. (1983). The movement of narrative time. Journal of Literary Semantics, 12, 19-53.
Flashner, V. E. (1989). Transfer of aspect in the English oral narratives of native Russian speakers. In H. Dechert & M. Raupach (Eds.), Transfer in language production (pp. 71-97). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Giacalone Ramat, A. (1992). Grammaticalization processes in the area of temporal and modal relations. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 14, 297-322.
Givόn, T. (1993). English grammar: A function-based introduction. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Co.
Hopper, P. J. (1979). Aspect and foregrounding in discourse. In T. Givόn (Eds.), Syntax and semantics: Discourse and syntax (pp. 213-241). New York: Academic Press.
Housen, A. (2002). The development of tense-aspect in English as a second language and the variable influence of inherent aspect. In R. Salaberry and Y. Shirai (Eds.), The L2 acquisition of tense-aspect morphology (pp. 155-197). Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Huang, C. (1999). “Tense-aspect marking by L2 learners of English and native English speakers: Inherent lexical aspect and unitary vs. repeated situation types”. Issues in Applied Linguistics 10: 113-130.
Kaplan, M. A. (1987). Development patterns of past tense acquisition among foreign language learners of French. In B. VanPatten, T. R. Dvorak, & J. F. Lee (Eds.), Foreign language learning: A research perspective (pp. 52-60). Cambridge, MA: Newbury House.
Klein, W. (1992). The present perfect puzzle. Language, 68:3, 525-552.
Klein, W. (1994). Time in language. London: Routledge.
Kumpf, L. (1984). Temporal systems and universality in interlanguage: A case study. In F. Eckman, L. Bell, & D. Nelson (Eds.), Universals of second language acquisition (pp. 132-143). Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
Li, P. and Y. Shirai. (2000). The acquisition of lexical and grammatical aspect. New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
McCoard, R. W. (1978). The English perfect: Tense choice and pragmatic inferences. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Mourelatos, A. P. (1981). Events, processes, and states. In Tedeschi, P. J. and A. Zaenen (Eds.), Tense and aspect: Syntax and semantics 14 (pp. 191-212). New York: Academic Press.
Reichenbach, H. (1947). Elements of symbolic logic. Berkeley: University of California.
Robison, R. (1990). The primacy of aspect: Aspectual marking in English interlanguage. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 12, 315-330.
Robison, R. (1995). The aspect hypothesis revisited: A cross-sectional study of tense and aspect marking in interlanguage. Applied Linguistics, 16:3, 343-370.
Salkie, R. (1989). Perfect and pluperfect: what is the relationship? Journal of Linguistics, 25, 1-34.
Salaberry, M. R. (1999). The development of past tense verbal morphology in classroom L2 Spanish. Applied Linguistics, 20:2, 151-178.
Salaberry, R. and Y. Shirai. (2002). (Eds.). The L2 acquisition of tense-aspect morphology. Philadelphia: John Benjamins North America.
Slabakova, R. (2002). Recent research on the acquisition of aspect: an embarrassment of riches? Second Language Research, 18:2, 172-188.
Salaberry, R. and Y. Shirai. (2002). (Eds.). The L2 acquisition of tense-aspect morphology. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Vendler, Z. (1967). Verbs and times. In Z. Vendler (Ed.), Linguistics in philosophy (pp. 97-121). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Youssef, V. (1990). The early development perfect aspect: adverbial, verbal and contextual specification. Journal of Child Language, 17, 295-312.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
語言學研究所
92555001
95
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0925550011
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃瓊之zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 楊宇婷zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Yang,Yu Tingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 楊宇婷zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Yang,Yu Tingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2006en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 16:29:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 16:29:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 16:29:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0925550011en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33400-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 語言學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92555001zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文藉由分析三十二位主修英語的研究生所寫的克漏字測驗以及引導寫作來探討其使用完成式的情形。文中的討論主要涵蓋了三個面向:語言形式和語意之間的連結,語法體(grammatical aspect)與情狀體(lexical aspect)之間的關聯,以及語法體與篇章組織(discourse organization)之間的關係。本篇研究發現,進階學習者能將完成式的語言形式正確使用,但是似乎仍未能達到高度的適當使用(appropriate use)。此外,研究發現學習者有使用完成式的動詞似乎偏向於其語意中帶有終點(endpoint)或結果狀態(result state)的類別,此項發現並支持之前文獻的研究結果。最後,結果亦顯示學習者在篇章中所使用的完成式似乎具有情景建立的功能(scene-setting function),幫助他們在文章的開頭建立起背景。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study aims to explore the advanced learners’ use of the perfect aspect from the perspectives of form-meaning matching, lexical aspect influence and discourse organization influence. Thirty-two English-majored graduate students participated in the present study and they had to complete two tasks: a cloze test and a composition. With a careful examination over the collected data, these advanced learners’ use of the perfect aspect could be summarized as the following. First of all, they showed better formal accuracy than appropriate use of the perfect aspect. Although they presented more underuse in the task of cloze, they had more overuse in their compositions. Secondly, it was found that the perfect aspect was closely related to the verbs involving a semantic endpoint. These verbs, according to Vendler’s classification, are ACCOMPLISHMENTS and ACHIEVEMENTS. Finally, the learners in the present study showed a tendency of using the perfect aspect as the scene-setting function in the opening paragraph of their compositions.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………iv
CHINESE ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………vii
ENGLISH ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………....viii
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………..1
1.1 BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION…………………………….…...1
1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS………………………………………….…..5
1.3 ORGANIZATION OF THE THESIS…………………………….……...6
Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW………………………………………………..8
2.1 THE PERFECT ASPECT IN ENGLISH…………………………..…….9
2.2 THE FORM-MEANING MAPPING IN L2 ACQUISITION………….11
2.3 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRAMMATICAL AND LEXICAL ASPECT………………………………………………………………..14
2.4 THE RELATIONSHIP OF GRAMMATICAL ASPECT AND DISCOURSE ORGANIZATION………………………………….......20
2.5 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER TWO…………………………..…………22

Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY……………………………………………....……...24
3.1 PARTICIPANTS………………………………………..……………….24
3.2 DATA COLLECTION………………………………………………..…25
3.3 ANALYSIS……………………………………………………..……….29
3.4 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER THREE…………………………….…….36
Chapter 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS…………………………………….....37
4.1 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORM AND MEANING…...……37
4.2 INAPPROPRIATE USE: OVERGENERALIZATION AND UNDERGENERALIZATION……………………………….………...40
4.3 PERFECT ASPECT AND LEXICAL ASPECT OF VERBS…..………56
4.4 PERFECT ASPECT AND DISCOURSE ORGANIZATION.…………62
4.5 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER FOUR……………………………….…...68
Chapter 5 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………….70
5.1 SUMMARY……………………………………………….…………....70
5.2 LIMITATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH………………………………………..…………………..72
APPENDIX I………………………………………………………………………...75
APPENDIX II……………………………………………………………………….76
APPENDIX III………………………………………………………………………78
REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………...91
zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0925550011en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 完成式zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中介語zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 語言形式和語意的連結zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 情狀體zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 篇章組織zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Perfect aspecten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Interlanguageen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Form-meaning matchingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Lexical aspecten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Discourse organizationen_US
dc.title (題名) 英語為外語的進階學習者使用完成式之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Perfect Aspect in Advanced EFL Learners` Interlanguageen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Andersen, R. (1991). Developmental sequences: The emergence of aspect marking in second language acquisition. In C. A. Ferguson & T. Huebner (Eds.), Second language acquisition and linguistic theories (pp. 305-324). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Andersen, R. W., & Shirai, Y. (1994). Discourse motivations for some cognitive acquisition principles. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 16, 135-156.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1992a). The relationship of form and meaning: A cross-sectional study of tense and aspect in the interlanguage of learners of English as a second language. Applied Psycholinguistics, 13, 253-278.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1992b). The telling of a tale: Discourse structure and tense use in learners’ narratives. In L. Bouton & Y. Kachru (Eds.), Pragmatics and language learning (Vol. 3, pp. 144-161). Urbana: Division of English as an International Language, University of Illinois.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1994). Anecdote or evidence? Evaluating support for hypotheses concerning the development of tense and aspect. In S. Gass, A.Cohen, & E. Tarone (Eds.), Research methodology in second language acquisition (pp. 41-60). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1997). Another piece of the puzzle: The emergence of the present perfect. Language Learning, 47:3, 375-422.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1998). Narrative structure and lexical aspect: Conspiring factors in second language acquisition of tense-aspect morphology. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 20, 471-508.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bardovi-Harlig, K. (1999). From morpheme studies to temporal semantics: Tense-aspect research in SLA. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 21, 341-382.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2000). Tense and aspect in second language acquisition: Form, meaning and use. Malden: Blackwell publishers.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bardovi-Harlig, K., & Bofman, T. (1989). Attainment of syntactic and morphological accuracy by advanced language learners. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 11, 17-34.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brinton, L. J. (1988). The development of English aspectual systems: Aspectualizers and post-verbal particles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bybee, J. L., R. Perkins and W. Pagliuca. (1994). The evolution of grammar: Tense, aspect, and modality in the languages of the world. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Comrie, B. (1976). Aspect. Cambridge: C.U.P.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Croft, W. (1998). The structure of events and the structure of language. In M. Tomasello (Ed.), The new psychology of language: Cognitive and fuctional approaches to language structure (pp. 67-92). Lawrence Erlbaum.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dowty, D. R. (1979). Word meaning and Montague grammar: The semantics of verbs and times in generative semantics and in Montague’s PTQ. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dry, H. (1981). Sentence aspect and the movement of narrative time. Text, 1, 233-240.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dry, H. (1983). The movement of narrative time. Journal of Literary Semantics, 12, 19-53.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Flashner, V. E. (1989). Transfer of aspect in the English oral narratives of native Russian speakers. In H. Dechert & M. Raupach (Eds.), Transfer in language production (pp. 71-97). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Giacalone Ramat, A. (1992). Grammaticalization processes in the area of temporal and modal relations. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 14, 297-322.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Givόn, T. (1993). English grammar: A function-based introduction. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Co.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hopper, P. J. (1979). Aspect and foregrounding in discourse. In T. Givόn (Eds.), Syntax and semantics: Discourse and syntax (pp. 213-241). New York: Academic Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Housen, A. (2002). The development of tense-aspect in English as a second language and the variable influence of inherent aspect. In R. Salaberry and Y. Shirai (Eds.), The L2 acquisition of tense-aspect morphology (pp. 155-197). Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, C. (1999). “Tense-aspect marking by L2 learners of English and native English speakers: Inherent lexical aspect and unitary vs. repeated situation types”. Issues in Applied Linguistics 10: 113-130.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kaplan, M. A. (1987). Development patterns of past tense acquisition among foreign language learners of French. In B. VanPatten, T. R. Dvorak, & J. F. Lee (Eds.), Foreign language learning: A research perspective (pp. 52-60). Cambridge, MA: Newbury House.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Klein, W. (1992). The present perfect puzzle. Language, 68:3, 525-552.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Klein, W. (1994). Time in language. London: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kumpf, L. (1984). Temporal systems and universality in interlanguage: A case study. In F. Eckman, L. Bell, & D. Nelson (Eds.), Universals of second language acquisition (pp. 132-143). Rowley, MA: Newbury House.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, P. and Y. Shirai. (2000). The acquisition of lexical and grammatical aspect. New York: Mouton de Gruyter.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McCoard, R. W. (1978). The English perfect: Tense choice and pragmatic inferences. Amsterdam: North-Holland.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mourelatos, A. P. (1981). Events, processes, and states. In Tedeschi, P. J. and A. Zaenen (Eds.), Tense and aspect: Syntax and semantics 14 (pp. 191-212). New York: Academic Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Reichenbach, H. (1947). Elements of symbolic logic. Berkeley: University of California.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Robison, R. (1990). The primacy of aspect: Aspectual marking in English interlanguage. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 12, 315-330.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Robison, R. (1995). The aspect hypothesis revisited: A cross-sectional study of tense and aspect marking in interlanguage. Applied Linguistics, 16:3, 343-370.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Salkie, R. (1989). Perfect and pluperfect: what is the relationship? Journal of Linguistics, 25, 1-34.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Salaberry, M. R. (1999). The development of past tense verbal morphology in classroom L2 Spanish. Applied Linguistics, 20:2, 151-178.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Salaberry, R. and Y. Shirai. (2002). (Eds.). The L2 acquisition of tense-aspect morphology. Philadelphia: John Benjamins North America.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Slabakova, R. (2002). Recent research on the acquisition of aspect: an embarrassment of riches? Second Language Research, 18:2, 172-188.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Salaberry, R. and Y. Shirai. (2002). (Eds.). The L2 acquisition of tense-aspect morphology. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Vendler, Z. (1967). Verbs and times. In Z. Vendler (Ed.), Linguistics in philosophy (pp. 97-121). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Youssef, V. (1990). The early development perfect aspect: adverbial, verbal and contextual specification. Journal of Child Language, 17, 295-312.zh_TW