德．顧拜旦（1863-1937）與奧運復興運動

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題名	德．顧拜旦（1863-1937）與奧運復興運動 Pierre de Coubertin (1863-1937) and the Olympic Movement
作者	陳复嘉
貢獻者	林美香陳复嘉
關鍵詞	德．顧拜旦奧林匹克主義奧運復興運動現代奧運現代體育展示文化復古風潮
日期	2006
上傳時間	17-Sep-2009 17:12:15 (UTC+8)
摘要	奧林匹克運動會經過1,500年的蟄伏，終在1896年的雅典重獲新生，而幕後的推手，就是被喻為「現代奧運之父」的皮耶．德．顧拜旦（Pierre de Coubertin, 1863-1937）。從1890年代起超過40年的時間，德．顧拜旦一面以具體行動組織奧運復興運動，一面以論述的方式替現代奧運描繪藍圖、進行辯護，此即奧林匹克主義（Olympism）。本文以德．顧拜旦的奧林匹克主義與其相關行動為研究核心，並從以下三條線索：一、德．顧拜旦個人的生命經驗；二、十九、二十世紀的社會脈動；三、現代奧運早期的發展歷程，闡明德．顧拜旦的奧運理念、思想資源，以及他在奧運復興運動中的歷史位置。第一章概略介紹德．顧拜旦身處的時代與生平梗概，大革命後法國動盪的局勢以及普法戰爭敗北的屈辱，都對出身貴族的他產生刺激，促使他萌生改革社會的念頭。第二章關注當時三股重要的文化潮流：現代運動、展示文化與復古運動，特別著重它們的社會功能與所彰顯的意義，這三項文化運動不僅是現代奧運賴以生長的基礎，它們背後所暗含的現代體育、藝術與歷史意義，更是奧林匹克主義的核心價值。因此，三到五章中，將以此為三大主軸，來分析德，顧拜旦的奧林匹克主義與其復興奧運的實際行為。本文指出，現代奧運與奧林匹克主義不應該被分開看待，因為兩者皆是德．顧拜旦復興奧運的具體作為，偏廢任何一方，就無法呈現奧運復興運動的全貌。而若要對德．顧拜旦、現代奧運，或者奧林匹克主義做公允的評斷，則還要將時空脈絡納入考慮。如此，我們也才能看出德．顧拜旦既是夢想家，又是實踐者；既是現代奧運的創建者，又是十九世紀奧運復興運動的繼承者等諸多不同的面向。 Pierre de Coubertin (1863-1937) is recognized as the “Savior” of the Modern Olympic Games. His special contribution contains two major parts: first, he modernized and revived the games, and led the International Olympic Committee for almost 30 years; second, he designed the blueprint and vision of the games by promoting “Olympism”. Therefore, if we want to delve into the early history of the games, it is crucial to figure out what he did, what he said, and what influenced him. This study intends to portray a historical picture of Olympism, especially focusing on its founder and his milieu. First chapter covers the background which motivated his social revolution. Second chapter highlights on the movements of modern sport, exhibitionary culture and revivalism, which not only represented mainstream cultural trends of 19 century, but also laid the basis of the modern Olympic Games. The underlying meaning of modern physical education, art and its historical positioning served as the core value of Olympism. Chapter 3 to 5, therefore, analyze these three pivotal points with regard to Olympism and its implementation. This study argues that the Modern Olympic Games and Olympism cannot be separated. Concerning that both are the result of actions taken by de Coubertin to revive the Olympic Games, equally important are their role in the Olympic movement. Ignoring either of them can lead to missing the whole picture of the process through which the Modern Olympic Games was founded. In this way, we can also see some different roles de Coubertin played in promoting the Olympic Movement.
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描述	碩士國立政治大學歷史研究所 92153001 95
資料來源	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0921530011
資料類型	thesis

dc.contributor.advisor	林美香	zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	陳复嘉	zh_TW
dc.creator (作者)	陳复嘉	zh_TW
dc.date (日期)	2006	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	17-Sep-2009 17:12:15 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.available	17-Sep-2009 17:12:15 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間)	17-Sep-2009 17:12:15 (UTC+8)	-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers)	G0921530011	en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI)	https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33613	-
dc.description (描述)	碩士	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	國立政治大學	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	歷史研究所	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	92153001	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	95	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	奧林匹克運動會經過1,500年的蟄伏，終在1896年的雅典重獲新生，而幕後的推手，就是被喻為「現代奧運之父」的皮耶．德．顧拜旦（Pierre de Coubertin, 1863-1937）。從1890年代起超過40年的時間，德．顧拜旦一面以具體行動組織奧運復興運動，一面以論述的方式替現代奧運描繪藍圖、進行辯護，此即奧林匹克主義（Olympism）。本文以德．顧拜旦的奧林匹克主義與其相關行動為研究核心，並從以下三條線索：一、德．顧拜旦個人的生命經驗；二、十九、二十世紀的社會脈動；三、現代奧運早期的發展歷程，闡明德．顧拜旦的奧運理念、思想資源，以及他在奧運復興運動中的歷史位置。第一章概略介紹德．顧拜旦身處的時代與生平梗概，大革命後法國動盪的局勢以及普法戰爭敗北的屈辱，都對出身貴族的他產生刺激，促使他萌生改革社會的念頭。第二章關注當時三股重要的文化潮流：現代運動、展示文化與復古運動，特別著重它們的社會功能與所彰顯的意義，這三項文化運動不僅是現代奧運賴以生長的基礎，它們背後所暗含的現代體育、藝術與歷史意義，更是奧林匹克主義的核心價值。因此，三到五章中，將以此為三大主軸，來分析德，顧拜旦的奧林匹克主義與其復興奧運的實際行為。本文指出，現代奧運與奧林匹克主義不應該被分開看待，因為兩者皆是德．顧拜旦復興奧運的具體作為，偏廢任何一方，就無法呈現奧運復興運動的全貌。而若要對德．顧拜旦、現代奧運，或者奧林匹克主義做公允的評斷，則還要將時空脈絡納入考慮。如此，我們也才能看出德．顧拜旦既是夢想家，又是實踐者；既是現代奧運的創建者，又是十九世紀奧運復興運動的繼承者等諸多不同的面向。	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	Pierre de Coubertin (1863-1937) is recognized as the “Savior” of the Modern Olympic Games. His special contribution contains two major parts: first, he modernized and revived the games, and led the International Olympic Committee for almost 30 years; second, he designed the blueprint and vision of the games by promoting “Olympism”. Therefore, if we want to delve into the early history of the games, it is crucial to figure out what he did, what he said, and what influenced him. This study intends to portray a historical picture of Olympism, especially focusing on its founder and his milieu. First chapter covers the background which motivated his social revolution. Second chapter highlights on the movements of modern sport, exhibitionary culture and revivalism, which not only represented mainstream cultural trends of 19 century, but also laid the basis of the modern Olympic Games. The underlying meaning of modern physical education, art and its historical positioning served as the core value of Olympism. Chapter 3 to 5, therefore, analyze these three pivotal points with regard to Olympism and its implementation. This study argues that the Modern Olympic Games and Olympism cannot be separated. Concerning that both are the result of actions taken by de Coubertin to revive the Olympic Games, equally important are their role in the Olympic movement. Ignoring either of them can lead to missing the whole picture of the process through which the Modern Olympic Games was founded. In this way, we can also see some different roles de Coubertin played in promoting the Olympic Movement.	en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents	緒論 1 第一章時代氛圍與德．顧拜旦生涯概述 14 第一節巨變的時代 15 第二節德．顧拜旦生平概述 23 第二章德‧顧拜旦復興奧運的思想起源 33 第一節現代運動——身體的文藝復興 34 1.1 運動風潮：運動成為一種生活風格 34 1.2 體能教育：運動作為一種教化方式 39 第二節大眾娛樂——展示與觀看的年代 45 第三節復古風潮——被發明的傳統與奧運復興運動 54 第三章奧林匹克主義與現代體育 70 第一節德．顧拜旦與現代體育 72 第二節德．顧拜旦的論述策略與理想典範 82 第三節德．顧拜旦的體育理念 85 第四章奧林匹克思想中的藝術 95 第一節德．顧拜旦與展示文化 95 第二節奧林匹克主義中的藝術理念 103 第三節巴黎諮詢會議與奧林匹克藝術競賽 108 第四節奧運會中具體的藝術形式 112 第五章奧林匹克思想中的歷史意含 117 第一節德．顧拜旦與早期奧運復興運動 117 第二節奧林匹克主義中的歷史意含 125 第三節現代奧運中的歷史痕跡 131 結論 137 附錄 146 參考書目 150	zh_TW
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dc.language.iso	en_US	-
dc.source.uri (資料來源)	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0921530011	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	德．顧拜旦	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	奧林匹克主義	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	奧運復興運動	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	現代奧運	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	現代體育	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	展示文化	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	復古風潮	zh_TW
dc.title (題名)	德．顧拜旦（1863-1937）與奧運復興運動	zh_TW
dc.title (題名)	Pierre de Coubertin (1863-1937) and the Olympic Movement	en_US
dc.type (資料類型)	thesis	en
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	一、史料	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	de Coubertin, Pierre, Olympism, ed. Norbert Müller, Lausanne: International Olympic Committee, 2000.	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. III: The first Olympiad (Athens 1896),” Olympic Review, no. 105-106 (July-August, 1976): pp. 410-417.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. IV: The Olympic Congress at Le Havre (1897),” Olympic Review, no. 107-108 (September-October, 1976): pp. 546-548.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. V: The Second Olympiad (Paris 1900),” Olympic Review, no. 109-110 (November-December, 1976): pp. 630-636.	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. VII: 1905, A Successful Congress and a few Real Achievements,” Olympic Review, no. 112 (February, 1977): pp. 97-100.	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. X: The IOC in Berlin (1909),” Olympic Review, no. 115 (May, 1977): pp. 313-317.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XI: Amateurism,” Olympic Review, no. 116-117 (June-July, 1977): pp. 412-415.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XII: Budapest (1911),” Olympic Review, no. 118 (August, 1977): pp. 498-503.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XIII: The Fifth Olympiad (Stockholm 1912),” Olympic Review, no. 119 (September, 1977): pp. 562-567.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XIV: The Sports Psychology Congress (Lausanne 1913),” Olympic Review, no. 120 (October, 1977): pp. 629-633.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XV: The 20th Anniversary of the Olympic Games (Paris 1914),” Olympic Review, no. 121-122 (Novembe December, 1977): pp. 704-709.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XVI: The Four War Years,” Olympic Review, no. 123 (January, 1978): pp. 52-56.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XVII: The Seventh Olympiad (Antwerp 1920),” Olympic Review, no. 124 (February, 1978): pp. 134-138.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XVIII: The 1921 Maneuver,” Olympic Review, no. 125-126 (March-April, 1978): pp. 181-186.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XIX: Six Government Departments for One Stadium,” Olympic Review, no. 127 (May, 1978): pp. 304-306.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XX: The Capitol in Rome,” Olympic Review, no. 128 (June, 1978): pp. 368-372.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XXI: The Eighth Olympiad (Paris 1924),” Olympic Review, no. 129 (July, 1978): pp. 434-438.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XXII: Prague (1925),” Olympic Review, no. 130-131 (August-September, 1978): pp. 533-536.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XXIII: Olympia (1927),” Olympic Review, no. 132-133 (October-November, 1978): pp. 624-627.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Olympic Memoirs. XXIV: Legends,” Olympic Review, no. 134 (December, 1978): pp. 717-721.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Lambros, SP. P. & N. G. Polites eds., The Olympic Games, Athens: Charles Beck Editor & London: H. Grevel & CO., 1896.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Olympic Games, Antwerp 1920, Antwerp: the Belgium Olympic Committee, 1957.	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	The Fourth Olympiad, London: The British Olympic Association, 1908.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	The XIth Olympic Games, Berlin 1936 I & II, Berlin: Whilhelm Limpert, 1936.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	The Xth Olympiad, Lox Angeles: Official Report, Los Angles: Xth Olympiad Committee, 1933.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	二、專書	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	班納迪克．安德森（Benedict Anderson），吳叡人譯，《想像的共同體》，台北：時報文化公司，1999。	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	馬克思（Karl Marx），唐諾譯，《共產黨宣言》，台北：臉譜，2001。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	理查‧桑內特（Richard Sennett），黃煜文譯，《肉體與石頭》（Flesh and Stone），台北：麥田出版，2003。	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	MacAloon, John J., This Great Symbol: Pierre de Coubertin and the Origins of the Modern Olympic Games, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1981.	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Young, David C., The Modern Olympics: A Struggle for Revival, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1996.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	三、論文	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	朱元鴻，〈文化工業：因繁榮而即將作廢的類概念〉，收入：張苙雲（編），《文化產業︰文化生產的結構分析》（台北：遠流，2000），頁11-45。	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Brown, Doug, “Sport Performance: Anchoring Pierre de Coubertin’s Sport Theory in French Culture Discourse,” Bridging Three Centuries: Intellectual Crossroads and the Modern Olympic Movement (Ontario: The International Centre for Olympic Studies, 2000): pp. 51-58.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Brown, Douglas A., “Pierre de Coubertin’s Theoretical Legacy on Modern Sport Spectatorship: An Interdisciplinary Analysis,” NASSH Proceedings and Newsletter (1997): pp. 4-5.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Revisiting the Discourses of Art, Beauty and Sport from the 1906 Consultative Conference for the Art, Literature and Sport,” Olympika, Vol. V (1996): pp. 1-24.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	de Coubertin, G. De Navacelle, “Pierre de Coubertin and His Private Image: the Man, His Family, His times,” Information Letter of the International Pierre de Coubertin Committee (Lausanne: the International Pierre de Coubertin Committee, 2001): pp. 14-20.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	de Madre, Comte, “An Intimate Look at the Baron Pierre de Coubertin,” Olympic Review, no. 47 (August, 1971): pp. 412-421.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Deveen, Maurice, “Letting Everyone Do Sport,” Olympic Review, no. 296 (June, 1992): pp. 312-315.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Durantez, Conrado, “Olympism,” Olympique Review, no. 311 (September, 1993): pp. 372-376.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Durry, Jean, “Pierre de Coubertin: Sport and Aesthetics,” Olympic Review, no. 225 (July, 1986): pp. 390-396.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Dyreson, Mark, “The Invention of the Sporting Republic: Middle-Class Ideology and Sport During the Progressive Era,” NASSH Proceeding and Newsletter (1990): pp. 39-40.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Guttmann, Allen, “English Sports Spectators: From Restoration to the Early Nineteenth Century,” Journal of Sports History, 12:2 (summer, 1985): pp. 104-125.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Krüge, Arnd, “Coubertin’s Ruskianism,” Olympic Perspectives: Third International Symposium for Olympic Research (Ontario: The International Centre for Olympic Studies, October, 1996): pp. 31-42.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “The Masses Are Much More Sensitive to the Perfection of the Whole Than to Any Separate Details’: The Influence of John Ruskin’s Political Economy on Pierre de Coubertin,” Olympika, Vol. V (1996): pp. 25-44.	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Lucas, John A., “Pierre de Coubertin and His Philosophy of Pedagogical Sport,” Olympic Review, no. 30-31 (March-April, 1970): pp. 193-202.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Victorian Muscular Christianity Prologue to the Olympic Games Philosophy I,” Olympic Review, no. 97-98 (November-December, 1975): pp. 456-460.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Victorian Muscular Christianity Prologue to the Olympic Games Philosophy II,” Olympic Review, no. 99-100 (January-February, 1976): pp. 49-52.	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	—— “Formatting Power of the IOC Founding the Birth of a New Peace Movement,” Citius, Altius, Fortius, 3:1(Winter, 1995): pp. 6-16.	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	四、網頁	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	1896年雅典奧運：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=1896（瀏覽日期：2007/06/03）	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	2000年雪梨奧運：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=2000（瀏覽日期：2007/06/03）	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	2004年雅典奧運：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=2004（瀏覽日期：2007/06/03）	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	多佛奧運網頁：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.olimpickgames.co.uk/（瀏覽日期：2006/9/26）	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	洛杉磯業餘體育基金會（amateur athletic foundation of Los Angeles, AAFLA）附設圖書館（AAF Sports Library）網頁：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.aafla.org:8080/verity_templates/jsp/newsearch/search.jsp（瀏覽日期：2007/06/03）	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	國際特殊奧運會網頁（Special Olympics International）：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.specialolympics.org/Special+Olympics+Public+Website/default.htm（瀏覽日期：2007/06/03）。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	國際殘奧委員會（International Paralympic Committee）網頁：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.paralympic.org/release/Main_Sections_Menu/（瀏覽日期：2007/06/03）	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	溫洛克奧林匹亞協會（Wenlock Olympian Society）網頁：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.wenlock-olympian-society.org.uk/index.php?pr=Home_Page（瀏覽日期：2006/10/08）	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	德瑞貝格慶典網頁：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.industrielles-gartenreich.com/english/03_projekte/311_drehberg.htm（瀏覽日期：2006/9/25）	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	聽障奧林匹克運動會網頁（Deaflympics Games）：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	http://www.deaflympics.com/（瀏覽日期：2007/06/03）	zh_TW

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