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題名 南錐共同市場的發展--以新區域主義方法分析
The Developmenet of MERCOSUR: the New Regionalism Approach
作者 黃文傑
HUANG WEN-JIE
貢獻者 鄧中堅
黃文傑
HUANG WEN-JIE
關鍵詞 新區域主義方法
南錐共同市場
全球化
區域主義
拉丁美洲
New Regionalism Approach
MERCOSUR
Globalization
Regionalism
Latin America
日期 2005
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 17:53:15 (UTC+8)
摘要 1980年代，全球化在新自由主義的經濟發展模式驅動下，風起雲湧的在世界各地攻城掠地，不到幾年的光景，新自由主義的意識型態成為世界各國主要的經濟發展模式，就連一向為保護主義大本營的拉丁美洲，也改弦易轍的擁抱新自由主義，希望這樣的琵琶別抱，可以獲得一個美好的未來。
全球化由經濟力量帶領，對人類舊有的世界秩序產生衝擊，衝擊的層面不只侷限在經濟面向，社會是一個整體，經濟面向進一步影響了政治、社會、文化、安全等，帶來了一個廣泛而全面的鉅變。然而，經濟全球化的速度發展過快，人類社會還來不及產生一個相應社會來配合發展，於是，一股來自社會的政治力量反撲，也從世界每個角落，吹起出征的號角。政治反撲的形式之一，就是1980年代中期開使興起的新區域主義，南錐地區便由巴西、阿根廷帶頭，成立了南錐共同市場，以區域整合來迎接全球化所帶來的衝擊。
舊有的世界秩序，在全球化與區域化兩股力量的衝擊下，正在改變，新的世界秩序，在這兩股力量的激盪下，正在形成。處在一個舊世界秩序正在改變，新世界秩序尚未形成的年代，必須有一套理論來解釋這樣的現象，舊有的國際政治經濟理論無法給人類一個滿意的答案，於是到了1990年代中期，Bj□rn Hetten等人為主的「新區域主義方法」興起，強調區域是一個動態的概念，從區域性來看區域整合，將其分為區域空間、區域複合體、區域社會、區域共同體、區域國家等五個階段，此外，新區域主義方法認為區域化動力來自於多面向，必須從文化、安全、經濟政策、政治體制等多面向來觀察，而在層次上，則可從世界體系、區域間、區域、次國家等多層次來分析。對於形成中的新世界秩序，新區域主義方法也提出新世界秩序必須包含和平、發展和環境永續的價值，而這些便可透過安全區域主義、發展區域主義和環境永續來達成。
南錐地區的區域整合，在1979年之前，由於安全上處於衝突形成狀態，經濟往來程度亦不高，屬於新區域主義方法下的區域複合體階段。1979到1991年之間，南錐站在區域複合體的基礎上，加速了區域整合的進程，南錐地區的實質區域形成，區域性增加，進入新區域主義方法的區域社會階段。1991年之後，南錐共同市場成立，南錐地區的整合成為一個具有正式組織的法理區域，整合的速度、廣度、深度都不斷的成長，成為一個具有認同的區域主體，尤其在對外談判上，更是展現南錐共同市場作為一個活躍區域主體的實力，經過這些區域整合的努力，南錐地區已經達到新區域主義方法中，區域共同體的階段。
全球化對於舊有的世界秩序帶來衝擊，人類社會處在一個十字路口，未來的世界新秩序到底要往哪裡走，仍舊是目前爭辦的課題之一。當今浮上台面的世界新秩序選項，主要為以區域為主體的後西發利亞秩序，以及以國家為主體的新西發利亞秩序，這兩個選項的背後，隱藏著全球化與區域化兩股力量的相互激盪，而其中南錐共同市場的整合，也深受這兩股力量的影響。當我們對未來混沌不知時，掌握這兩股力量的脈動，將有助於我們走向下一個路口。
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國際貿易局 http://cweb.trade.gov.tw/
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
外交研究所
92253001
94
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922530011
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 鄧中堅zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃文傑zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) HUANG WEN-JIEen_US
dc.creator (作者) 黃文傑zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) HUANG WEN-JIEen_US
dc.date (日期) 2005en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 17:53:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 17:53:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 17:53:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0922530011en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33691-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 外交研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92253001zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 94zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 1980年代，全球化在新自由主義的經濟發展模式驅動下，風起雲湧的在世界各地攻城掠地，不到幾年的光景，新自由主義的意識型態成為世界各國主要的經濟發展模式，就連一向為保護主義大本營的拉丁美洲，也改弦易轍的擁抱新自由主義，希望這樣的琵琶別抱，可以獲得一個美好的未來。
全球化由經濟力量帶領，對人類舊有的世界秩序產生衝擊，衝擊的層面不只侷限在經濟面向，社會是一個整體，經濟面向進一步影響了政治、社會、文化、安全等，帶來了一個廣泛而全面的鉅變。然而，經濟全球化的速度發展過快，人類社會還來不及產生一個相應社會來配合發展，於是，一股來自社會的政治力量反撲，也從世界每個角落，吹起出征的號角。政治反撲的形式之一，就是1980年代中期開使興起的新區域主義，南錐地區便由巴西、阿根廷帶頭，成立了南錐共同市場，以區域整合來迎接全球化所帶來的衝擊。
舊有的世界秩序，在全球化與區域化兩股力量的衝擊下，正在改變，新的世界秩序，在這兩股力量的激盪下，正在形成。處在一個舊世界秩序正在改變，新世界秩序尚未形成的年代，必須有一套理論來解釋這樣的現象，舊有的國際政治經濟理論無法給人類一個滿意的答案，於是到了1990年代中期，Bj□rn Hetten等人為主的「新區域主義方法」興起，強調區域是一個動態的概念，從區域性來看區域整合，將其分為區域空間、區域複合體、區域社會、區域共同體、區域國家等五個階段，此外，新區域主義方法認為區域化動力來自於多面向，必須從文化、安全、經濟政策、政治體制等多面向來觀察，而在層次上，則可從世界體系、區域間、區域、次國家等多層次來分析。對於形成中的新世界秩序，新區域主義方法也提出新世界秩序必須包含和平、發展和環境永續的價值，而這些便可透過安全區域主義、發展區域主義和環境永續來達成。
南錐地區的區域整合，在1979年之前，由於安全上處於衝突形成狀態，經濟往來程度亦不高，屬於新區域主義方法下的區域複合體階段。1979到1991年之間，南錐站在區域複合體的基礎上，加速了區域整合的進程，南錐地區的實質區域形成，區域性增加，進入新區域主義方法的區域社會階段。1991年之後，南錐共同市場成立，南錐地區的整合成為一個具有正式組織的法理區域，整合的速度、廣度、深度都不斷的成長，成為一個具有認同的區域主體，尤其在對外談判上，更是展現南錐共同市場作為一個活躍區域主體的實力，經過這些區域整合的努力，南錐地區已經達到新區域主義方法中，區域共同體的階段。
全球化對於舊有的世界秩序帶來衝擊，人類社會處在一個十字路口，未來的世界新秩序到底要往哪裡走，仍舊是目前爭辦的課題之一。當今浮上台面的世界新秩序選項，主要為以區域為主體的後西發利亞秩序，以及以國家為主體的新西發利亞秩序，這兩個選項的背後，隱藏著全球化與區域化兩股力量的相互激盪，而其中南錐共同市場的整合，也深受這兩股力量的影響。當我們對未來混沌不知時，掌握這兩股力量的脈動，將有助於我們走向下一個路口。		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 序論 1
第一節 研究動機與研究目的 1
壹、 研究動機 1
貳、 研究目的 4
第二節 文獻探討與分析 6
壹、 區域主義的概念 6
貳、 區域主義的相關理論 8
第三節 研究途徑、方法與研究架構 16
壹、 研究途徑 16
貳、 研究方法 16
參、 研究架構 17
第四節 研究範圍與限制 19
壹、 研究範圍 19
貳、 研究限制 19
第二章 新區域主義方法 20
第一節 全球化下的二次鉅變 22
壹、 全球化的興起 22
貳、 資本主義下的鉅變 24
參、 全球化與區域主義的辯證 25
第二節 新區域主義方法的基本概念 29
壹、 NRA的區域與區域主義 29
貳、 區域性與主體性 30
參、 法理區域與實質區域 32
第三節 新區域主義的動力 33
壹、 新區域主義動力的多面向 34
貳、 新區域主義動力的多層次 35
第四節 區域發展的五個階段 38
壹、 區域空間 38
貳、 區域複合體 38
參、 區域社會 40
肆、 區域共同體 42
伍、 區域國家 44
第五節 世界新秩序 46
壹、 新世界秩序的價值 47
貳、 未來的世界秩序 49
第三章 南錐區域化進程的展開 53
第一節 保護主義下的南錐地區 53
壹、 拉丁美洲文化 54
貳、 衝突形成的安全複合體 55
參、 軍事獨裁的政治體制 57
肆、 保護主義的經濟發展 59
伍、 1979年前的區域性評估 61
第二節 全球化的第一運動 62
壹、 債務危機的引爆 63
貳、 新自由主義的全球化 65
第三節 區域間與區域的動力 67
壹、 區域層次--民主體制的建立 68
貳、 區域層次—衝突形成的緩和 70
參、 區域間層次—外交政策的聚合 72
第四節 區域化的第二運動 73
壹、 阿巴經濟整合計畫的簽署 73
貳、 布宜諾艾利斯協定的簽訂 76
參、 安全機制的建立 77
肆、 1991年前區域性的評估 79
第四章 MERCOSUR法理區域的發展 83
第一節 MERCOSUR制度性組織的形成與變革 84
壹、 MERCOSUR的組織架構 84
貳、 爭端解決機制 87
參、 危機的形成與解決 89
肆、 奧利沃斯議定書 92
第二節 經濟面向的整合 94
壹、 整合過程 94
貳、 經濟互賴的產生 98
參、 持續性的危機 100
肆、 不完整的關稅同盟 102
第三節 民主的鞏固 103
壹、 軍事政變的威脅 104
貳、 南錐共同市場的民主承諾宣言 105
參、 民主的挑戰與鞏固 106
第四節 政治的反撲 108
壹、 公民社會的崛起 109
貳、 左派MERCOSUR的興起 113
第五節 共同文化的崛起 115
壹、 區域整合的文化同質性基礎 116
貳、 文化動力持續推動區域整合 116
參、 文化再創造與區域認同的生成 118
第五章 改變中的世界秩序 122
第一節 改變中的拉丁美洲區域秩序 122
壹、 智利 123
貳、 玻利維亞 124
參、 安地斯共同體 125
肆、 南美國家共同體 127
伍、 墨西哥 128
陸、 委內瑞拉 129
第二節 改變中的歐洲和美洲區域間主義 130
壹、 美洲自由貿易區 131
貳、 MERCOSUR與EU的自由貿易區 137
第三節 MERCOSUR與世界秩序價值 144
壹、 安全區域主義 144
貳、 發展區域主義 147
參、 環境永續 148
第四節 1991年後的區域性評估 151
壹、 區域主體的崛起 151
貳、 區域認同的塑造 154
參、 區域公民社會的形成 156
肆、 區域共同體的萌芽 157
第六章 結論 158
第一節 新區域主義方法與MERCOSUR的整合 158
壹、 新區域主義方法 158
貳、 MERCOSUR的發展 159
第二節 研究發現 163
壹、 新區域主義方法解釋力強 164
貳、 個人層次的重要性 165
參、 非國家行為者的角色 166
肆、 區域認同的標的 168
伍、 影響MERCOSUR未來發展的變數 169
參考書目 173		zh_TW
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922530011en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新區域主義方法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 南錐共同市場zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 全球化zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 區域主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 拉丁美洲zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) New Regionalism Approachen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) MERCOSURen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Globalizationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Regionalismen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Latin Americaen_US
dc.title (題名) 南錐共同市場的發展--以新區域主義方法分析zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Developmenet of MERCOSUR: the New Regionalism Approachen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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