自由貿易協定：日本對外貿易政策的新選擇

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題名	自由貿易協定：日本對外貿易政策的新選擇
作者	趙文逵
貢獻者	卓慧菀 Cho, Hui-Wan 趙文逵
關鍵詞	自由貿易協定日本貿易政策東亞區域整合亞太區域合作 FTA
日期	2005
上傳時間	17-Sep-2009 17:54:03 (UTC+8)
摘要	過去一直堅持唯有GATT以及WTO全球性自由貿易體制才能為世界帶來最大福利的日本經歷二次大戰後四十多年的經濟榮景與一九九○年代的經濟停滯，在進入二十一世紀時決定以GATT、WTO多次回合談判為基礎，兼採區域合作、雙邊合作的「多層次途徑」來彌補全球性多邊貿易體制的不足。自由貿易協定（Free Trade Agreement, FTA）則是日本執行「多層次途徑」的具體手段。筆者以羅伯特．吉爾平（Robert Gilpin）的「以國家為中心的現實主義」觀點，利用系統理論為研究架構，從日本受益於「舊金山體系」、提倡亞太區域合作、亞太經濟合作會議的召開到亞洲金融風暴重創亞太區域合作、中國與東協建立自由貿易區、日本緊接跟進的過程發現到日本的對外貿易政策與亞太地區的政治經濟權力結構之間有很明顯的對應關係。除了經濟利益，國家的戰略目標、與重要國家的外交關係都是日本政府考量的重要因素。日本現今的經濟繁榮多來自於美國、日本國家安全也依賴美國，日本因此歡迎美國在東亞地區的領導角色。但是歷史宿怨、領土糾紛、以及未來東亞區域整合的主導權使得中日之間的競爭無法避免，當中國決定以與東協建立自由貿易區作為改變東亞地區權力結構的起點，自由貿易協定就成為日本反制中國的方法，這也宣告東亞地區已經從美國獨自稱霸進入中日競逐東亞區域霸權的時代。
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（2003年7月8日）。關志雄，〈為什麼日本需要與中國締結自由貿易協定？－為了防止國內產業的空洞化〉，RIETI, http://www.rieti.go.jp/cn/columns/a01_0122.html （2004年3月23日）。中華民國行政院經濟部國貿局網站 http://cweb.trade.gov.tw/ 中華台北APEC研究中心http://www.ctasc.org.tw/ 太平洋經濟合作理事會http://www.tier.org.tw/pecc/ctpecc/ 二、外文部分（一）書籍： Aggarwal, Vinod K. and Charles E. Morrison, eds., Asia-Pacific Crossroads: Regime Creation and the Future of APEC. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1998. Bhagwati, Jagdish and Anne O. Krueger, The Dangerous Drift to Preferential Trade Agreements. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1995. ───, Pravin Krishna, and Arvind Panagariya, Trading Blocs: Alternative Approaches to Analyzing Preferential Trade Agreement. Massachusetts: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. Carlile, Lonny E., and Mark C. Tilton, eds., Is Japan Really Changing Its Ways? Regulatory Reform and the Japanese Economy. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1998. Christensen, Ray, Ending the LDP Hegemony: Party Cooperation in Japan. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press, 2000. Deng, Yong, Promoting Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation: Perspectives From East Asia. London: Macmillan Press, 1997. Ethier, Wilfred J., “The New Regionalism,” The Economic Journal, Vol. 108 (1998) , pp. 1149-1161. Francks, Penelope, Japanese Economic Development: Theory and Practice. London: Routledge, 1992. Hatch, Walter and Kozo Yamamura, Asia in Japan’s Embrace: Building a Regional Production Alliance. Cambridge: Cambridge Press, 1996. Hillman, Jimmye S., and Robert A. Rothenberg, Agricultural Trade and Protection in Japan. London: Trade Policy Research Centre, 1988. Inoguchi, Takashi, Japan’s Asian Policy: Revival and Response. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Torre, Augusto de la and Margaret R. Kelly, Regional Trade Arrangements. Washington D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1992. Iriye, Akira, The Cold War in Asia: A Historical Introduction. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1974. Jain, Purnendra, and Takashi Inoguchi eds., Japanese Politics Today: Beyond Karaoke Democracy? New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1997. Katz, Richard, Japan: The System That Soured-the Rise and Fall of the Japanese Economic Miracle. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1998. Katzenstein, Peter J and Takashi Shiraishi, Network power : Japan and Asia. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997. Korhonen, Pekka, Japan and Asia Pacific Integration: Pacific Romances 1968-1996. New York: Routledge, 1998. Maswood, Syed Javed, Japan and Protection: the Growth of Protectionist Sentiment and the Japanese Response. London: Routledge, 1989. Mikanagi, Yumiko, Japan’s Trade Policy: Action or Reaction? London: Routledge, 1996. Neary, Ian, The State and Politics in Japan. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2002. Pempel, T.J., Regime Shift: Comparative Dynamics of the Japanese Political Economy. Now York: Cornell University Press, 1998. Preston, P.W., Understanding Modern Japan: a Political Economy of Development, Culture, and Global Power. London: Sage Publication, 2000. Rapkin, David P, eds., World Leadership and Hegemony. Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1990. Robson, Peter, The Economics of International Integration, Fourth Edition. New York: Routledge, 1998. 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Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan. “Japan - Mexico Joint Study Group on the Strengthening of Bilateral Economic Relations Final Report” http://www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/index_externaleconomicpolicy.html (July, 2002). Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan. “Japanese Policy to Strengthen Economic Partnership - Promotion of Economic Partnership" http://www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/index_externaleconomicpolicy.html (December, 2002). Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan. “Japan’s Policy to Strengthen Economic Partnership” http://www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/index_externaleconomicpolicy.html (December, 2003). Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan. “Japanese Policy to Strengthen Economic Partnership” http://www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/index_externaleconomicpolicy.html (August, 2004). Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan “Japan`s Policy on FTAs/EPAs” http://www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/index_externaleconomicpolicy.html (March, 2005). Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), “JETRO White Paper on International Trade 2000: World Trade Increasingly Affected by Information Technology” (Summary) http://www.jetro.go.jp/en/stats/white_paper/trade2000.pdf, 2000. Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), “JETRO White Paper on International Trade 2001: World Trade Expands Broadly and China Rises to Prominence” (Summary) http://www.jetro.go.jp/en/stats/white_paper/trade2001.pdf, 2001. Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), “2002 JETRO White Paper on International Trade and Investment” (Summary) http://www.jetro.go.jp/en/stats/white_paper/2002.pdf, 2002. Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), “2003 JETRO White Paper on International Trade and Investment” (Summary) http://www.jetro.go.jp/en/stats/white_paper/2003.pdf, 2003. Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), “2004 JETRO White Paper on International Trade and Investment” (Summary) http://www.jetro.go.jp/en/stats/white_paper/2004.pdf, 2004. Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), “2005 JETRO White Paper on International Trade and Investment” (Summary) http://www.jetro.go.jp/en/stats/white_paper/2005.pdf, 2005. （四）網路資料 Arunmas, Phusadee, “Lobbying by Japanese Irks Industrialists,” Bangkok Post, http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=1590 (April 5, 2005). Cevallos, Diego, “Japan: Trade Deal with Mexico Culminates Latin America Visit,” Inter Press Service News Agency, http://www.ipsnews.net/africa/interna.asp?idnews=25521 (September 17, 2004). Hanson, Richard, “Koizumi on the Hustings – Politics in the Paddies,” Asia Times, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Japan/EJ01Dh03.html (October 1, 2003). Hara, Manabu, “Guiding Japan: Leadership Needed to Unify Multipronged FTA Strategy,” The Asahi Shimbun, http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=2848 (October 3, 2005). Huang, Kwei-Bo, “The China – ASEAN Free Trade Area: Background, Framework and Political Implications,” http://www.peaceforum.org.tw/onweb.jsp?webno=333333330;&webitem_no=172 (February 20, 2002). Khan, Hussain, “Mexico Free Trade Founders on Japan’s Farmers,” Asia Times, http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=193 (October 23, 2003). Kikuchi, Takashi, “FTA with Thailand Opens Can of Worms for Automakers,” The Daily Yomiuri, http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=1127 (December 8, 2004). Kitazume, Takashi, “East Asian Symposium－A Trade Zone for East Asia’s Future: Building a New Community Under FTA will Deepen Integration,” The Japan Times, http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20050310d1.html (March 10, 2005). ───, “East Asian Symposium－ASEAN Sees the Brighter Side of Japan-China Leadership Rivalry,” The Japan Times, http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20050310d2.html (March 10, 2005). Kuwait News Agency (KUNA), “Japan to Boost Aid for Asia to Promote FTA,” http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=2590 (August 26, 2005). Mainichi Shimbun, “Mexico FTA Paves Way for Asian Trade Agreements,” http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=686 (September 18, 2004). Miyazaki, Jamie, “Japan’s Farmers Outstanding in Their Field,” Asia Times, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Japan/EI10Dh03.html (September 10, 2003). Nakajima, Tomoyoshi, “Japan’s FTA Policy and Support to Agricultural Sectors,” https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources/download/1383.pdf (April 27, 2003). ───, “An East Asian FTA and Japan’s Agricultural Policy: Simulation of a Direct Subsidy,” https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources/res_display.asp?RecordID=1445 (June 10, 2004). Negishi, Mayumi and Kanako Takahara, “ Interest Groups Holding Nation on Leash: Japan Settles for ‘Low-Risk, Low-Return’ FTA Goals,” The Japan Times, http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20050422a2.html (April 22, 2005). ───, “Car Tariffs, Rice Left Unresolved: Thai FTA Defers Sticking Points,” The Japan Times, http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20050902a1.html (September 2, 2005). Nippon Keidanren, “Urgent Call for the Opening of Negotiations Toward Japan-Thailand Economic Partnership (JTEP) Agreement,” http://www.keidanren.or.jp/english/policy/2003/042.html (May 12, 2003). ───, “Urgent Proposals for Strengthening Economic Partnerships: Concrete Measures for the Strategic Promotion of Economic Partnership Agreements,” http://www.keidanren.or.jp/english/policy/2004/020.html (March 16, 2004). Oorjitham, Santha, “From Our Correspondent: ASEAN+3 = ‘EAEC’ - Building ties across the region,” http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/foc/2000/03/15/ (March 15, 2000). Richardson, Bennett, “Sticky Situation for Japan’s Rice Policy,” Asia Times, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Japan/GG28Dh02.html (July 28, 2005). Takemori, Shumpei, “Govt should put FTAs at Top of Reform List,” The Yomiuri Shimbun , http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/bussiness/20051003TDY100001.htm (October 3, 2005). The Asahi Shimbun, “Japan: FTA deals Deadlocked,” http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=819 (October 9, 2004). ───, “ Editorial: Asian FTA Negotiations-It’s up to Tokyo to Set a Positive Example,” http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=1758 (April 25, 2005). ───, “Japan-Thailand FTA: Tokyo Settles for an Easy and Small Trade Deal,” http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=2406 (August 4, 2005). The Japan Time, “Japan Praised for FTA Concessions,” http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20040312a1.html (March 12, 2004). The Yomiuri Shimbun, “Not Enough Progress Toward Free Trade,” http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/editorial/20050529TDY04007.htm (May 29, 2005). ASEAN-Japan Centre. http://www.asean.or.jp/eng/index.html ASEAN Secretariat. http://www.aseansec.org/ Bilaterals.org. http://www.bilaterals.org/ . Japan Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet. http://www.kantei.go.jp Japan External Trade Organization. http://www.jetro.go.jp Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. http://www.mofa.go.jp/ Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan. http://www.meti.go.jp Ministry of Finance, Japan. http://www.mof.go.jp/english/index.htm Nippon Keidanren. http://www.keidanren.or.jp/ Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). http://www.rieti.go.jp/cn/index.html The Japan Times. http://www.japantimes.co.jp/ . 朝日新聞 http://www.asahi.com/english/index.html 讀賣新聞 http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/index-e.html
描述	碩士國立政治大學外交研究所 92253015 94
資料來源	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922530151
資料類型	thesis

dc.contributor.advisor	卓慧菀	zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor	Cho, Hui-Wan	en_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	趙文逵	zh_TW
dc.creator (作者)	趙文逵	zh_TW
dc.date (日期)	2005	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	17-Sep-2009 17:54:03 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.available	17-Sep-2009 17:54:03 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間)	17-Sep-2009 17:54:03 (UTC+8)	-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers)	G0922530151	en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI)	https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33697	-
dc.description (描述)	碩士	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	國立政治大學	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	外交研究所	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	92253015	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	94	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	過去一直堅持唯有GATT以及WTO全球性自由貿易體制才能為世界帶來最大福利的日本經歷二次大戰後四十多年的經濟榮景與一九九○年代的經濟停滯，在進入二十一世紀時決定以GATT、WTO多次回合談判為基礎，兼採區域合作、雙邊合作的「多層次途徑」來彌補全球性多邊貿易體制的不足。自由貿易協定（Free Trade Agreement, FTA）則是日本執行「多層次途徑」的具體手段。筆者以羅伯特．吉爾平（Robert Gilpin）的「以國家為中心的現實主義」觀點，利用系統理論為研究架構，從日本受益於「舊金山體系」、提倡亞太區域合作、亞太經濟合作會議的召開到亞洲金融風暴重創亞太區域合作、中國與東協建立自由貿易區、日本緊接跟進的過程發現到日本的對外貿易政策與亞太地區的政治經濟權力結構之間有很明顯的對應關係。除了經濟利益，國家的戰略目標、與重要國家的外交關係都是日本政府考量的重要因素。日本現今的經濟繁榮多來自於美國、日本國家安全也依賴美國，日本因此歡迎美國在東亞地區的領導角色。但是歷史宿怨、領土糾紛、以及未來東亞區域整合的主導權使得中日之間的競爭無法避免，當中國決定以與東協建立自由貿易區作為改變東亞地區權力結構的起點，自由貿易協定就成為日本反制中國的方法，這也宣告東亞地區已經從美國獨自稱霸進入中日競逐東亞區域霸權的時代。	zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents	中文摘要 v 第一章緒論 1 第二章相關理論的探討 15 第一節自由貿易區的經濟影響…………………… 16 第二節雁行理論與日本在東亞地區的生產網絡…………… 25 第三節小結………………………………………… 34 第三章區域合作（一）－亞太經濟合作會議 37 第一節舊金山體系與亞太區域意識的發展……… 38 第二節亞太經濟合作會議成立的背景與日本扮演的角色………………………… 45 第三節亞洲金融風暴及其影響…………………… 55 第四節小結………………………………………… 64 第四章區域合作（二）－東亞自由貿易區 67 第一節國內外環境的變化與日本的認知………… 68 第二節中國的崛起………………………………… 77 第三節日本的因應………………………………… 85 第四節小結………………………………………… 91 第五章雙邊主義 93 第一節東亞雙邊主義興起的背景………………… 93 第二節日本雙邊自由貿易協定…………………… 100 第三節日本雙邊協定的分析與比較……………… 114 第四節小結………………………………………… 123 第六章結論 127 參考書目 137 表次表2-1 經濟整合各階段與內容……………………………… 18 表5-1 日墨「研究小組報告書」與「日墨自由貿易協定」的比較……………………… 102 表5-2 日菲「專家小組報告書」與「聯合聲明」的比較………………………………… 105 表5-3 日馬「研究小組報告書」與「聯合聲明」的比較………………………………… 108 表5-4 日泰「專家小組報告書」與「聯合聲明」的比較………………………………… 111 表5-5 日本對於墨西哥、菲律賓與馬來西亞三國所做的農業讓步比較表……………… 120 圖次圖1-1 研究架構……………………………………………… 8 圖2-1 自由貿易區的經濟效果……………………………… 19 圖5-1 國家雙邊與集團雙邊的差異………………………… 95	zh_TW
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dc.language.iso	en_US	-
dc.source.uri (資料來源)	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922530151	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	自由貿易協定	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	日本貿易政策	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	東亞區域整合	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	亞太區域合作	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	FTA	en_US
dc.title (題名)	自由貿易協定：日本對外貿易政策的新選擇	zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型)	thesis	en
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	一、中文部分：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	（一）、書籍：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	丁連財撰文，《現代用語導讀1－國際關係暨國際組織類》，台北：書泉出版社，1996年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	小宮隆太郎、奧野正寬、鈴村興太郎著，台灣經濟研究所編譯，《日本的產業政策》，台北：台灣經濟研究所，民國七十五年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	包霞琴、臧志軍編，《變革中的日本政治與外交》，北京：時事出版社，2003年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	台灣經濟研究院編，《「太平洋經濟合作學術研討會」論文集》，台北：台灣經濟研究院，民國七十九年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	李孟茂編著，《日本經濟－問題與分析》，台北：作者自行發行，1998年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	李明德、江時學編，《現代化：拉美和東亞的發展模式》，北京：社會科學文獻出版社，2000年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	宋興洲，《動態的東亞經濟合作：理論性爭辯與實踐》，台北：鼎茂圖書出版社，2005年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	保羅．甘迺迪（Paul Kennedy）著，張春格、陸乃聖等譯，《霸權興衰史：1500至2000年的經濟變遷與軍事衝突》（The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000），台北：五南圖書公司，1995年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	孫景超、張舒英編，《蕭條與復蘇：冷戰後的日本經濟》，北京：社會科學文獻出版社，1998年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	張亞中，《歐洲統合：政府間主義與超國家主義的互動》，台北：揚智文化，1998年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	劉碧珍、陳添枝、翁永和，《國際貿易導論》，台北：雙葉書廊有限公司，2003年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	黃立、李貴英、林彩瑜，《WTO國際貿易法論》，台北：元照出版公司，2003年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	蔡增家，《日本轉型：九○年之後政治經濟體制的轉變》，台北：五南圖書出版公司，2004年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	韓鎮涉編，《亞太經濟發展與區域合作》，北京：中國物價出版社，1992年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	羅伯特．吉爾平（Robert Gilpin）著，楊宇光譯，《國際關係的政治經濟分析》（The Political Economy of International Relations），台北：桂冠圖書公司，1994年。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	───，楊宇光、楊炯譯，《全球資本主義的挑戰：21世紀的世界經濟》（The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century），上海：上海人民出版社，2001年	zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	（三）網路資料	zh_TW
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