冷戰後強制外交在國際衝突的運用

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題名	冷戰後強制外交在國際衝突的運用
作者	崔進揆
貢獻者	李明崔進揆
關鍵詞	強制外交壓制危機管理後冷戰時期區域衝突人道干涉反恐行動 coercive diplomacy compellence crisis management post-Cold War era regional conflicts humanitarian intervention counterterrorism
日期	2005
上傳時間	17-Sep-2009 17:54:45 (UTC+8)
摘要	強制外交（coercive diplomacy）的概念在一九七０年代由學者Alexander L. George首度提出，主張強制外交應屬於防守型的危機管理（defensive crisis management），亦有別於一般所謂的嚇阻（deterrence）與壓制（compellence）等策略。施行強制外交時，相關決策者透過威脅使用武力，或使用有限度的武力，以勸說對手停止或放棄現正從事的行動，並防止危機情勢的升高，及避免戰爭的發生。冷戰期間，美、蘇兩國的領導人對於該一策略的運用極為廣泛與普遍，甘迺迪政府對於古巴飛彈危機的處理便是著名的案例。冷戰結束，國際關係進入所謂的後冷戰時期，面對區域衝突、人道危機和恐怖主義威脅等問題，強制外交更常被相關決策者和國際組織所施行、採用，亦多次在國際間重大的衝突與危機處理過程中扮演著關鍵的角色，並展現其重要性和多元化的一面。因此，鑑於強制外交對於後冷戰時期之國際危機處理和衝突解決的重要性和必要性，本研究旨在透過強制外交相關理論的介紹與整理，以及後冷戰時期強制外交相關個案的研究分析，總結歷史的經驗與教訓，深入探討其施行現況與成效，並提出具體之研究發現與政策建議。期盼所得之研究成果能使吾人對於該策略有更深一層的認識與了解。關鍵詞：強制外交、壓制、危機管理、後冷戰時期、區域衝突、人道干涉、反恐行動 In the 1970s, Alexander L. George first introduced and defined the concept of coercive diplomacy. According to George, he claims that coercive diplomacy is a strategy of defensive crisis management. Besides, coercive diplomacy is also different from the strategy of deterrence or compellence. When policymakers and political elites decide to manipulate coercive diplomacy, they should employ threats and / or limited force to persuade opponents to call off or undo adverse actions, which are thought aggressive. Furthermore, the purpose of using coercive diplomacy is to prevent crisis situation from escalating or causing wars. During the Cold War era, leaders of United States and Soviet Union used this strategy intensively. The Cuban missile crisis in 1962 can also be thought as a famous case of successful coercive diplomacy. When international relations enters into the post-Cold War era, coercive diplomacy still plays as important role in crisis management and conflict resolution. Policymakers of countries and international organizations, like the United Nations and the NATO, prefer to use coercive diplomacy to deal with regional conflicts, humanitarian intervention, and counterterrorism. Coercive diplomacy also demonstrates its necessity and significance of solving these problems. In order to give us a comprehensive understanding of coercive diplomacy, this thesis focuses on theories of coercive diplomacy and case studies, especially the experiences after the Cold War. Then, in final chapter of this thesis, the author generalizes lessons and experiences come from the cases analyzed and studied. In addition, the author also tries to make conclusions about the efficacy of coercive diplomacy and thus tries to offer some guidelines for policymakers. Keywords: coercive diplomacy, compellence, crisis management, post-Cold War era, regional conflicts, humanitarian intervention, counterterrorism
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描述	碩士國立政治大學外交研究所 92253029 94
資料來源	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922530291
資料類型	thesis

dc.contributor.advisor	李明	zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	崔進揆	zh_TW
dc.creator (作者)	崔進揆	zh_TW
dc.date (日期)	2005	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	17-Sep-2009 17:54:45 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.available	17-Sep-2009 17:54:45 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間)	17-Sep-2009 17:54:45 (UTC+8)	-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers)	G0922530291	en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI)	https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33702	-
dc.description (描述)	碩士	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	國立政治大學	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	外交研究所	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	92253029	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	94	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	強制外交（coercive diplomacy）的概念在一九七０年代由學者Alexander L. George首度提出，主張強制外交應屬於防守型的危機管理（defensive crisis management），亦有別於一般所謂的嚇阻（deterrence）與壓制（compellence）等策略。施行強制外交時，相關決策者透過威脅使用武力，或使用有限度的武力，以勸說對手停止或放棄現正從事的行動，並防止危機情勢的升高，及避免戰爭的發生。冷戰期間，美、蘇兩國的領導人對於該一策略的運用極為廣泛與普遍，甘迺迪政府對於古巴飛彈危機的處理便是著名的案例。冷戰結束，國際關係進入所謂的後冷戰時期，面對區域衝突、人道危機和恐怖主義威脅等問題，強制外交更常被相關決策者和國際組織所施行、採用，亦多次在國際間重大的衝突與危機處理過程中扮演著關鍵的角色，並展現其重要性和多元化的一面。因此，鑑於強制外交對於後冷戰時期之國際危機處理和衝突解決的重要性和必要性，本研究旨在透過強制外交相關理論的介紹與整理，以及後冷戰時期強制外交相關個案的研究分析，總結歷史的經驗與教訓，深入探討其施行現況與成效，並提出具體之研究發現與政策建議。期盼所得之研究成果能使吾人對於該策略有更深一層的認識與了解。關鍵詞：強制外交、壓制、危機管理、後冷戰時期、區域衝突、人道干涉、反恐行動	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	In the 1970s, Alexander L. George first introduced and defined the concept of coercive diplomacy. According to George, he claims that coercive diplomacy is a strategy of defensive crisis management. Besides, coercive diplomacy is also different from the strategy of deterrence or compellence. When policymakers and political elites decide to manipulate coercive diplomacy, they should employ threats and / or limited force to persuade opponents to call off or undo adverse actions, which are thought aggressive. Furthermore, the purpose of using coercive diplomacy is to prevent crisis situation from escalating or causing wars. During the Cold War era, leaders of United States and Soviet Union used this strategy intensively. The Cuban missile crisis in 1962 can also be thought as a famous case of successful coercive diplomacy. When international relations enters into the post-Cold War era, coercive diplomacy still plays as important role in crisis management and conflict resolution. Policymakers of countries and international organizations, like the United Nations and the NATO, prefer to use coercive diplomacy to deal with regional conflicts, humanitarian intervention, and counterterrorism. Coercive diplomacy also demonstrates its necessity and significance of solving these problems. In order to give us a comprehensive understanding of coercive diplomacy, this thesis focuses on theories of coercive diplomacy and case studies, especially the experiences after the Cold War. Then, in final chapter of this thesis, the author generalizes lessons and experiences come from the cases analyzed and studied. In addition, the author also tries to make conclusions about the efficacy of coercive diplomacy and thus tries to offer some guidelines for policymakers. Keywords: coercive diplomacy, compellence, crisis management, post-Cold War era, regional conflicts, humanitarian intervention, counterterrorism	en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents	第壹章論緒……………………………………………………1 第一節研究動機……………………………………………1 第二節研究目的……………………………………………3 第三節研究問題……………………………………………3 第四節文獻回顧……………………………………………4 第五節研究方法……………………………………………10 第六節研究範圍……………………………………………11 第七節章節安排……………………………………………12 第貳章強制外交的理論基礎…………………………………15 第一節強制外交的概念與意涵……………………………15 第二節強制外交、預防外交、嚇阻與壓制………………24 第三節強制外交的施行要點………………………………32 第四節後冷戰時期的強制外交……………………………38 第參章強制外交與區域衝突…………………………………43 第一節一九九三、一九九四年北韓核武危機……………44 第二節一九九五、一九九六年台海危機…………………59 第肆章強制外交與人道干涉…………………………………74 第一節海地危機……………………………………………75 第二節索馬利亞危機………………………………………83 第三節科索沃危機…………………………………………94 第伍章強制外交與反恐行動…………………………………104 第一節九一一事件前美國的反恐行動……………………105 第二節九一一事件後美國的反恐戰爭—阿富汗戰爭……121 第陸章結論……………………………………………………133 第一節研究發現……………………………………………133 第二節政策建議……………………………………………152 第三節總結…………………………………………………155 參考書目 ………………………………………………………158 中文部分 ……………………………………………………158 西文部份 ……………………………………………………160 表圖目次表 1-1 壓阻、嚇阻、強制外交的相異之處 ………………7 表 1-2 Alexander L. George及William Simons 對強制外交理想情境之分析 ………………………10 表 2-1 強制外交之主要類型、施行目的和難易程度 ……18 表 2-2 預防外交與強制外交的特色與異同 ………………26 表 2-3 強制外交、嚇阻、壓制的特色與異同 ……………31 表 3-1 中共在一九九五、一九九六年台海危機中的戰略目標 ………………………………………63 表 6-1 後冷戰時期強制外交相關個案總整理 ……………133 圖 2-1 壓制、嚇阻、勒索、強制外交示意圖 ………………19 圖 2-2 預防外交與各項策略在衝突過程中之示意圖……… 27 圖 2-3 壓制過程示意圖 ………………………………………30	zh_TW
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dc.language.iso	en_US	-
dc.source.uri (資料來源)	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922530291	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	強制外交	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	壓制	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	危機管理	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	後冷戰時期	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	區域衝突	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	人道干涉	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	反恐行動	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	coercive diplomacy	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	compellence	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	crisis management	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	post-Cold War era	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	regional conflicts	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	humanitarian intervention	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	counterterrorism	en_US
dc.title (題名)	冷戰後強制外交在國際衝突的運用	zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型)	thesis	en
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