1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. Publications
  3. College of Commerce
  4. Theses
  5. Item

Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 尼加拉瓜與中美洲投資環境:兼論台灣投資之商機
NICARAGUA AS AN INVESTMENT CENTER IN CENTRAL AMERICA:A CLOSER LOOK ON INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR TAIWAN
作者 杜孝慧
貢獻者 冷則剛
Leng,Tse-Kang
杜孝慧
關鍵詞 投資
日期 2004
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 18:51:10 (UTC+8)
摘要 This thesis has to do with the investment environment and opportunities that Taiwanese businesspeople can find in Nicaragua. This Central American country located between Costa Rica and Honduras; has ample advantages, such as plentiful natural resources, cheap labor, investment incentives and legal protection for foreign investors that can be developed for profit.
The objective of this study is to track the history of the diplomatic and economic relationships between Taiwan and Nicaragua. Against this backdrop, an introduction to the investment climate and incentives in Nicaragua will be featured as a guide for future investors.
Finally, a case study of the textile industry developed by Taiwanese in Nicaragua will be introduced in order to provide a real-life example and practical information on how to succeed in Nicaragua.
In conclusion, a SWOT analysis will enable potential Taiwanese investors to see how to take advantage of the possibilities available in the host country, such as its participation in international organizations, or future deals such as free trade agreements with the US and Taiwan, in order to gain profit and gain a privileged access into those economic areas which are currently difficult to reach for the Republic of China (Taiwan).
參考文獻 Government Documents
March 17 th, 1931. China Immigration Agreement between the Republic of China and the Republic of Nicaragua. Managua.N. pag.
April 25th, 1961. Cultural Convention between the Republic of China, Taiwan and the Republic of Nicaragua. Taipei. N. pag.
March 17th, 1931. China Immigration Agreement between the Republic of China and the Republic of Nicaragua. Managua. N. pag.
October 30th, 1974. Commercial Agreement between the Republic of China, Taiwan and the Republic of Nicaragua. Managua. N.pag.
October 29th, 1971. Technical and Agricultural Cooperation Agreement between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Managua. N.pag.
April 3rd, 1972. Joint Declaration signed your excellences, the Ministry of Affairs of the Republic of Nicaragua, Dr. Lorenzo Guerrero Gutierrez and the Ministry of Affairs of the Republic of China, Taiwan, Mr. Chow Shu-Kai. Taipei. N.pag.
May 17th, 1974. Joint Declaration with the members of the Government of the Republic of Nicaragua and the Vice-President of the Republic of China, Taiwan, Mr. Yen, Chia-Kan. Managua. N.pag.
September 21st, 1974. Joint Declaration between the Excellence, Mr. Anastasio Somoza Debayle, Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and President of the National Committee of Emergency of the Republic of Nicaragua and the Excellence, Mr. Yen, Chia-Kan, Vice-President of the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N.pag.
March 19th, 1976. Basic Agreement of Technical and Agriculture Cooperation between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Managua. N.pag.
October 30th, 1990. Preliminary Agreement on the Re-establishment of diplomatic relations among the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N.pag.
November 5th, 1990. Joint Communicate about the Re-establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. N.pag.
August 26th, 1991. Joint Communicate between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Managua. N.pag.
March 6th, 1992. Covenant of Cooperation Cultural, Educational and Journalist. Taipei. N.pag.
March 6th, 1992. Covenant of Technical Cooperation – Agriculture between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N.pag.
March 6th, 1992. Agreement of Collaboration among the Department of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China, Taiwan for the years of 1992-1994. Taipei. N.pag.
July 29th, 1992. Agreement on Guarantees of Investment. Managua. N.pag.
August 7th, 1997. Memorandum of Understanding between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Chinese Republic about an official program of Assistance for the Development. Taipei. N.pag.
August 9th, 1997. Agreement to promote the tourism, the commerce, the investment and the human exchanges between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N.pag.
May 29th, 1998. Memorandum of understanding about the promotion of cooperation in matter of study reciprocal of its respective languages, culture and diplomatic practices. Managua. N.pag.
July 30, 1999. Agreement about to send volunteers of the Fund of Development and International Cooperation. Taipei. N.pag.
March 13rd, 2003. Agreement about the Development and Protection of the Intellectual Property Rights between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N. pag.
March 13rd, 2003. Intention Later. Taipei. N.pag.
Books
Cano Corea, Eugenio A. 2002. Nicaragua: The Paradise of opportunities. 32.
Central America Project “ Export processing zones in Central America”. Harvard Institute for International Development.
Chan, Steve. 1995. Foreign direct investment in a changing global political economy. New York: ST. Martin’s Press Inc.
Chi, Schive. 1990. The foreign factor, the multinational corporation’s contribution to the economic modernization of the Republic of China. California: Hoover Institution Press, Stanford University.
Froot, Kenneth A. 1993. Foreign Direct Investment. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
Gibaldi, Joseph. 1998. MLA Handbook for writers of research papers. Bookman Books Ltd.
Hakim, Catherine. 1986. Research Design (Contemporary social research series; 13). London: Allen & Unwin (Publishers) Ltd. 26.
Kafauver. E. 1996. In a Few Hands: Monopoly Power in America. Pelican. 190.
Macedo, Jorge Braga de and Iglesias, Enrique V. 2001. Foreign Direct Investment versus other flows to Latin America. France: OECD Development Centre. 12.
Oman, Charles. 2001. Foreign Direct Investment versus other flows to Latin America “ The perils of competition for foreign direct investment”. France: OECD Development Centre. 63.
Petrochilos, George A. 1989. Foreign Direct Investment and the Development Process “The case of Greece”. England: Gower Publisher Co. Ltd. 6.
Interviews
Gao. 26 July, 2004. Interview. Presitex Corp. S.A.
Han, Alan. 11 June, 2004. Interview. Nieh Hsing Textile Co., Ltd.
Liao, Carlos. 2002. Interview. Ex-Counselor of the Republic of China (Taiwan) Embassy Nicaragua.
Rivas, Christian. 2 August, 2004. Interview. Ministry of Industrial Foment and Trade.
Articles
Aguilera, Amparo. July 6th, 2004. “Apuran ley para zonas francas”. Managua. La Prensa.
Festervand, Troy A. 2002. U.S Foreign Direct Investment: Industrial executives perceptions of emerging Central American countries as FDI destinations. International Journal of Commerce & Management. ABI/INFORM Global. Online. www.proquest.com
Gardiner, Rosalie. 2000. Foreign Direct Investment: A lead for sustainable development?. London: UNED. Online. www.earthsummit2002.org
Guiheux, Gilles. The internationalization of Taiwanese firms. Online. www.proquest.com
Investment guide to Nicaragua. Industrial Development & Investment Center. Ministry of Economic Affairs. ROC. www.mofa.gov.tw
Lim, Ewe-Ghee. November 2001. Determinants of, and the relation between, Foreign Direct Investment and Growth: A summary of recent literature. International Monetary Fund. Online. www.imf.com
May 27th, 2004. “EE.UU. y paises centroamericanos firmaran pacto de libre comercio”. Internet. CNN en Espanol. Associated Press.
Moncada, Mario Jose. April 7th, 2004. “Universitarios de EE.UU. confian en Nicaragua”. Managua. La Prensa.
Moncada, Mario Jose and Ortega Campos, Gustavo. July 23th, 2004. “Agilizaran tramites para investmentistas”. Managua. La Prensa.
“Projections for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2004”. May, 2004. Chile. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Online. www.eclac.cl
Singh, Annop. March 27-28, 2004. Latin America: Sustaining Reforms and Growth. Lima: International Monetary Fund. Online. www.imf.org/external/speeches/2004/032704.htm
Presentations
“The case of CAFTA”. Mesoamerica Investment.
“The ideal place for foreign investors”. Embassy of Republic of Nicaragua.
“Una oportunidad para contribuir al desarrollo economico”. MIFIC.
Websites
2003 Annual Report. Technological National Institute. 3.
Asociacion Nicaraguense de Productores y Exportadores de Productos No Tradicionales. Internet. www.appen.org.ni
Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) “Summary of apparel, footwear & travel goods provisions”. Internet.
Central America Trade Office. Internet. www.cato.com.tw
Central Bank of Nicaragua. www.bcn.gob.ni/estadisticas/indicadores.
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Internet. www.eclac.cl
Institute Interamerican of Human rights. 2000.
Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure. Online. www.mti.gob.ni
Ministerio Agropecuario y Forestal. Internet. Magfor.gob.ni
Nicaragua investment guide. ProNicaragua. Internet. www.pronicaragua.com
Nicaragua. Internet. www.encyclopedia.com
Nicaragua’s Export Processing Zones. Corporacion de Zonas Francas (CZF).
Nieh Hsing Textile Co. Ltd. Internet. www.nht.com.tw
Plan Nacional de Desarrollo. Internet. www.pnd.gob.ni
Quick References Tables. Internet. www.worldbank.org.
“The agreement on Textile and Clothing”. N.pag. Internet. www.wto.org/english
“The ideal place for foreign investors”. Embassy of the Republic of Nicaragua.
World Economic Forum. Internet. www.weforum.org.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際經營管理碩士班(IMBA)
91933026
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091933026
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 冷則剛zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Leng,Tse-Kangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 杜孝慧zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 杜孝慧zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 18:51:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 18:51:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 18:51:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0091933026en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33933-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際經營管理碩士班(IMBA)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91933026zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis has to do with the investment environment and opportunities that Taiwanese businesspeople can find in Nicaragua. This Central American country located between Costa Rica and Honduras; has ample advantages, such as plentiful natural resources, cheap labor, investment incentives and legal protection for foreign investors that can be developed for profit.
The objective of this study is to track the history of the diplomatic and economic relationships between Taiwan and Nicaragua. Against this backdrop, an introduction to the investment climate and incentives in Nicaragua will be featured as a guide for future investors.
Finally, a case study of the textile industry developed by Taiwanese in Nicaragua will be introduced in order to provide a real-life example and practical information on how to succeed in Nicaragua.
In conclusion, a SWOT analysis will enable potential Taiwanese investors to see how to take advantage of the possibilities available in the host country, such as its participation in international organizations, or future deals such as free trade agreements with the US and Taiwan, in order to gain profit and gain a privileged access into those economic areas which are currently difficult to reach for the Republic of China (Taiwan).		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents List of Tables and Figures ------------------------------------------------------------- iii
Abstract -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------iv

I. INTRODUCTION -------------------------------------------------------------- 1
A. Analytical Framework ----------------------------------------------------------3
B. Research Objectives -------------------------------------------------------------5
C. Scope and Limitations ----------------------------------------------------------5
D. Research Method ----------------------------------------------------------------6
1. Sampling Design -----------------------------------------------------------------7
2. Data Collection -------------------------------------------------------------------7

II. LITERATURE REVIEW ------------------------------------------------------ 8

III. DYNAMICS OF THE HOST COUNTRY:
AN OVERVIEW OF NICARAGUA --------------------------------------- 28
A. Economic situation ------------------------------------------------------------ 31
B. Investment environment ------------------------------------------------------ 33
C. Political situation -------------------------------------------------------------- 43

IV. THE COOPERATION BETWEEN NICARAGUA AND TAIWAN:
PAST AND PRESENT ------------------------------------------------------- 47
A. Taiwanese business pattern -------------------------------------------------- 68

V. SYPNOSIS OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN NICARAGUA:
TAIWANESE INVESTORS EXPERIENCES -----------------------------74

VI. CONCLUSION --------------------------------------------------------------- 90
VII. REFERENCES ---------------------------------------------------------------- 95

























LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure 2.1 Private Capital Flows to Developing Countries -----------------------17
Figure 2.2 Centro America: Economic Activities ---------------------------------- 25
Table 2.1 Types of Foreign Direct Investment and the role of government -----20		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 13948 bytes-
dc.format.extent 12009 bytes-
dc.format.extent 16877 bytes-
dc.format.extent 280429 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091933026en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 投資zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 尼加拉瓜與中美洲投資環境:兼論台灣投資之商機zh_TW
dc.title (題名) NICARAGUA AS AN INVESTMENT CENTER IN CENTRAL AMERICA:A CLOSER LOOK ON INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR TAIWANen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Government Documentszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) March 17 th, 1931. China Immigration Agreement between the Republic of China and the Republic of Nicaragua. Managua.N. pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) April 25th, 1961. Cultural Convention between the Republic of China, Taiwan and the Republic of Nicaragua. Taipei. N. pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) March 17th, 1931. China Immigration Agreement between the Republic of China and the Republic of Nicaragua. Managua. N. pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) October 30th, 1974. Commercial Agreement between the Republic of China, Taiwan and the Republic of Nicaragua. Managua. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) October 29th, 1971. Technical and Agricultural Cooperation Agreement between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Managua. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) April 3rd, 1972. Joint Declaration signed your excellences, the Ministry of Affairs of the Republic of Nicaragua, Dr. Lorenzo Guerrero Gutierrez and the Ministry of Affairs of the Republic of China, Taiwan, Mr. Chow Shu-Kai. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) May 17th, 1974. Joint Declaration with the members of the Government of the Republic of Nicaragua and the Vice-President of the Republic of China, Taiwan, Mr. Yen, Chia-Kan. Managua. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) September 21st, 1974. Joint Declaration between the Excellence, Mr. Anastasio Somoza Debayle, Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and President of the National Committee of Emergency of the Republic of Nicaragua and the Excellence, Mr. Yen, Chia-Kan, Vice-President of the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) March 19th, 1976. Basic Agreement of Technical and Agriculture Cooperation between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Managua. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) October 30th, 1990. Preliminary Agreement on the Re-establishment of diplomatic relations among the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) November 5th, 1990. Joint Communicate about the Re-establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) August 26th, 1991. Joint Communicate between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Managua. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) March 6th, 1992. Covenant of Cooperation Cultural, Educational and Journalist. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) March 6th, 1992. Covenant of Technical Cooperation – Agriculture between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) March 6th, 1992. Agreement of Collaboration among the Department of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China, Taiwan for the years of 1992-1994. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) July 29th, 1992. Agreement on Guarantees of Investment. Managua. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) August 7th, 1997. Memorandum of Understanding between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Chinese Republic about an official program of Assistance for the Development. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) August 9th, 1997. Agreement to promote the tourism, the commerce, the investment and the human exchanges between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) May 29th, 1998. Memorandum of understanding about the promotion of cooperation in matter of study reciprocal of its respective languages, culture and diplomatic practices. Managua. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) July 30, 1999. Agreement about to send volunteers of the Fund of Development and International Cooperation. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) March 13rd, 2003. Agreement about the Development and Protection of the Intellectual Property Rights between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Republic of China, Taiwan. Taipei. N. pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) March 13rd, 2003. Intention Later. Taipei. N.pag.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bookszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cano Corea, Eugenio A. 2002. Nicaragua: The Paradise of opportunities. 32.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Central America Project “ Export processing zones in Central America”. Harvard Institute for International Development.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chan, Steve. 1995. Foreign direct investment in a changing global political economy. New York: ST. Martin’s Press Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chi, Schive. 1990. The foreign factor, the multinational corporation’s contribution to the economic modernization of the Republic of China. California: Hoover Institution Press, Stanford University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Froot, Kenneth A. 1993. Foreign Direct Investment. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gibaldi, Joseph. 1998. MLA Handbook for writers of research papers. Bookman Books Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hakim, Catherine. 1986. Research Design (Contemporary social research series; 13). London: Allen & Unwin (Publishers) Ltd. 26.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kafauver. E. 1996. In a Few Hands: Monopoly Power in America. Pelican. 190.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Macedo, Jorge Braga de and Iglesias, Enrique V. 2001. Foreign Direct Investment versus other flows to Latin America. France: OECD Development Centre. 12.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Oman, Charles. 2001. Foreign Direct Investment versus other flows to Latin America “ The perils of competition for foreign direct investment”. France: OECD Development Centre. 63.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Petrochilos, George A. 1989. Foreign Direct Investment and the Development Process “The case of Greece”. England: Gower Publisher Co. Ltd. 6.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Interviewszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gao. 26 July, 2004. Interview. Presitex Corp. S.A.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Han, Alan. 11 June, 2004. Interview. Nieh Hsing Textile Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Liao, Carlos. 2002. Interview. Ex-Counselor of the Republic of China (Taiwan) Embassy Nicaragua.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rivas, Christian. 2 August, 2004. Interview. Ministry of Industrial Foment and Trade.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Articleszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aguilera, Amparo. July 6th, 2004. “Apuran ley para zonas francas”. Managua. La Prensa.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Festervand, Troy A. 2002. U.S Foreign Direct Investment: Industrial executives perceptions of emerging Central American countries as FDI destinations. International Journal of Commerce & Management. ABI/INFORM Global. Online. www.proquest.comzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gardiner, Rosalie. 2000. Foreign Direct Investment: A lead for sustainable development?. London: UNED. Online. www.earthsummit2002.orgzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Guiheux, Gilles. The internationalization of Taiwanese firms. Online. www.proquest.comzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Investment guide to Nicaragua. Industrial Development & Investment Center. Ministry of Economic Affairs. ROC. www.mofa.gov.twzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lim, Ewe-Ghee. November 2001. Determinants of, and the relation between, Foreign Direct Investment and Growth: A summary of recent literature. International Monetary Fund. Online. www.imf.comzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) May 27th, 2004. “EE.UU. y paises centroamericanos firmaran pacto de libre comercio”. Internet. CNN en Espanol. Associated Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Moncada, Mario Jose. April 7th, 2004. “Universitarios de EE.UU. confian en Nicaragua”. Managua. La Prensa.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Moncada, Mario Jose and Ortega Campos, Gustavo. July 23th, 2004. “Agilizaran tramites para investmentistas”. Managua. La Prensa.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) “Projections for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2004”. May, 2004. Chile. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Online. www.eclac.clzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Singh, Annop. March 27-28, 2004. Latin America: Sustaining Reforms and Growth. Lima: International Monetary Fund. Online. www.imf.org/external/speeches/2004/032704.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Presentationszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) “The case of CAFTA”. Mesoamerica Investment.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) “The ideal place for foreign investors”. Embassy of Republic of Nicaragua.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) “Una oportunidad para contribuir al desarrollo economico”. MIFIC.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Websiteszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2003 Annual Report. Technological National Institute. 3.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Asociacion Nicaraguense de Productores y Exportadores de Productos No Tradicionales. Internet. www.appen.org.nizh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) “Summary of apparel, footwear & travel goods provisions”. Internet.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Central America Trade Office. Internet. www.cato.com.twzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Central Bank of Nicaragua. www.bcn.gob.ni/estadisticas/indicadores.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Internet. www.eclac.clzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Institute Interamerican of Human rights. 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure. Online. www.mti.gob.nizh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ministerio Agropecuario y Forestal. Internet. Magfor.gob.nizh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nicaragua investment guide. ProNicaragua. Internet. www.pronicaragua.comzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nicaragua. Internet. www.encyclopedia.comzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nicaragua’s Export Processing Zones. Corporacion de Zonas Francas (CZF).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nieh Hsing Textile Co. Ltd. Internet. www.nht.com.twzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Plan Nacional de Desarrollo. Internet. www.pnd.gob.nizh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Quick References Tables. Internet. www.worldbank.org.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) “The agreement on Textile and Clothing”. N.pag. Internet. www.wto.org/englishzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) “The ideal place for foreign investors”. Embassy of the Republic of Nicaragua.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) World Economic Forum. Internet. www.weforum.org.zh_TW