Publications-Theses

題名 承銷機制的選擇─理論與實證
A THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF THE DETERMINANTS OF IPO SELLING METHODS
作者 洪崇文
Hung, Chung-wen
貢獻者 徐燕山<br>姜堯民
Hsu , Yenshan<br>Chiang , Yao-Min
洪崇文
Hung, Chung-wen
關鍵詞 首次公開發行
承銷機制
競價拍賣
公開申購
Initial Public Offerings
Selling Methods
Auctions
Fixed-price Offerings
日期 2003
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 19:09:05 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究配合台灣制度,以模型推導方式研究IPO承銷機制選擇(競價拍賣與公開申購)之決定因素,並以台灣資料進行實證分析。本文考慮市場因素與投資人意見差異,以發行者之觀點進行分析。模型之預測為,當投資人意見差異程度較大、承銷規模較大、或是市場情況較佳時,發行者會選擇以競價拍賣銷售新股。

實證結果顯示,發行者於選擇承銷機制時,不僅考慮市場因素,亦會參考公司特性與發行特性,此結果與本模型之預測一致。本研究亦發現,台灣之競價拍賣制度,相較於公開申購方式,並無法更有效控制折價程度;如果發行者所選用的承銷方式,不適合市場情況、公司特性或發行特性,將會使公司的IPO承受較多的折價。
This thesis develops and tests a theoretical rationale on the choice of IPO selling methods, discriminatory auctions versus fixed-price offerings, in Taiwan. We incorporate market conditions and investors’ divergence of opinions into the model from the issuer’s point of view. Our model predicts that when the extent of investors’ divergence of opinions is high, the amount in IPOs is large, or market conditions are hot, issuers will tend to use auctions. Our examination of issuers’ choice of IPO methods on the Taiwan’s IPOs shows that issuers condition the choice of IPO methods not only on prevailing market conditions, but also on firm/IPO characteristics. The results are consistent with our model. Finally, Taiwanese auction does not lead to less under-pricing than the fixed-price offering, but an issuer choosing a selling method with a higher degree of unfitting for firm/IPO characteristics and to market conditions will suffer more under-pricing.
參考文獻 Aggarwal, R. and P. Conroy (2000), Price discovery in initial public offerings and the role of the lead underwriter, Journal of Finance, 55, 2903-2922.
Aggarwal, Rajesh K., L. Krigman and K. L. Womack, 2002, Strategic IPO underpricing, information momentum, and lockup expiration selling, Journal of Financial Economics, 66, 105-137.
Barberis, N., T. Santos and M. Huang, 2001, Prospect theory and asset prices, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116, 1-53.
Benveniste, L. M., and W. Y. Busaba, 1997, Book-building vs. fixed price: An analysis of competing strategies for marketing IPOs, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 32, 383-403.
Benveniste, L. M., Busaba, W., and W. Wilhelm, 2002, Information externalities and the role of underwriters in primary equity markets, Journal of Financial Intermediation, 11, 61-86.
Bradley, D. J., and B. D. Jordan, 2002, Partial adjustment to public information and IPO under-pricing, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 37, 595-616.
Chemmanur, T., and H. M. Liu, 2002, How should a firm go public? A dynamic model of the choice between fixed-price offerings and auctions in IPOs and privatizations, Working paper, Boston College.
Chowdhry, B., and A. Sherman, 1996, International differences in over-subscription and underpricing of IPOs, Journal of Corporate Finance, 2, 359-381.
Derrien, Fran&ccedil;ois, 2004, IPO pricing in “hot” market conditions: Who leaves money on the table? Journal of Finance, forthcoming.
Derrien, F., and K. L. Womack, 2003, Auction vs. bookbuilding and the control of underpricing in hot IPO markets, Review of Financial Studies, 16, 31-61.
Houge, Todd, T. Loughran, G. Suchanek and X. Yan, 2001, Divergence of opinion, uncertainty, and the quality of initial public offerings. Financial Management, 30, 5-23.
Krigman, L., W. H. Shaw, and K. Womack, 1999, The persistence of IPO mispricing and the predictive power of flipping, Journal of Finance, 54, 1015-1044.
Kutsuna, K. and R. Smith, 2001, Issue cost and method of IPO underpricing: Japan’s change from auction method pricing to book building, Working paper, Osaka City University and Claremont Graduate University.
Liu, Y., J. Wei, and G. Liaw, 2003, On the demand elasticity of initial public offerings: An analysis of discriminatory auctions. International Review of Finance, 2, 151-178.
Loughran, T., J. Ritter, and K. Rydqvist, 1994, Initial public offerings: International insights, Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 2, 165-199.
Loughran, T., and J. Ritter, 2002, Why don’t issuers get upset about leaving money on the table in IPOs? Review of Financial Studies, 15, 413-443.
Lowry, M., and G. W. Schwert, 2002, IPO market cycles: Bubbles or sequential learning? Journal of Finance, 57, 1171-1200.
Lowry, M., and G. W. Schwert, 2004, Is the IPO pricing process efficient? Journal of Financial Economics, 71, 3-26.
Miller, E.M., 1977, Risk, uncertainty, and divergence of opinion, Journal of Finance, 32, 1151-1168.
Pettway, R. H., and T. Kaneko, 1996, The effects of removing price limits and introducing auctions upon short-term IPO returns: The case of Japanese IPOs, Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 4, 241-258.
Ritter, Jay and Ivo Welch, 2002, A review of IPO activity, pricing and allocation, Journal of Finance, 57, 1795-1828.
Sherman, A., 2003, Global trends in IPO methods: Book building versus auctions, Working paper, University of Notre Dame.
Subrahmanyam and Titman, 1999, The going public decision and the development of financial markets, Journal of Finance, 54, 1045-1082
Welch, I., 1992, Sequential sales, learning, and cascades, Journal of Finance, 47, 695-732.
描述 博士
國立政治大學
財務管理研究所
87357505
92
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0087357505
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 徐燕山<br>姜堯民zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hsu , Yenshan<br>Chiang , Yao-Minen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 洪崇文zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hung, Chung-wenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 洪崇文zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hung, Chung-wenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2003en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 19:09:05 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 19:09:05 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 19:09:05 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0087357505en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34028-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財務管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 87357505zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究配合台灣制度,以模型推導方式研究IPO承銷機制選擇(競價拍賣與公開申購)之決定因素,並以台灣資料進行實證分析。本文考慮市場因素與投資人意見差異,以發行者之觀點進行分析。模型之預測為,當投資人意見差異程度較大、承銷規模較大、或是市場情況較佳時,發行者會選擇以競價拍賣銷售新股。

實證結果顯示,發行者於選擇承銷機制時,不僅考慮市場因素,亦會參考公司特性與發行特性,此結果與本模型之預測一致。本研究亦發現,台灣之競價拍賣制度,相較於公開申購方式,並無法更有效控制折價程度;如果發行者所選用的承銷方式,不適合市場情況、公司特性或發行特性,將會使公司的IPO承受較多的折價。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis develops and tests a theoretical rationale on the choice of IPO selling methods, discriminatory auctions versus fixed-price offerings, in Taiwan. We incorporate market conditions and investors’ divergence of opinions into the model from the issuer’s point of view. Our model predicts that when the extent of investors’ divergence of opinions is high, the amount in IPOs is large, or market conditions are hot, issuers will tend to use auctions. Our examination of issuers’ choice of IPO methods on the Taiwan’s IPOs shows that issuers condition the choice of IPO methods not only on prevailing market conditions, but also on firm/IPO characteristics. The results are consistent with our model. Finally, Taiwanese auction does not lead to less under-pricing than the fixed-price offering, but an issuer choosing a selling method with a higher degree of unfitting for firm/IPO characteristics and to market conditions will suffer more under-pricing.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents ACKNOWLEDGMENT.................................................i

ABSTRACT......................................................ii

LIST OF TABLES.................................................v

LIST OF FIGURES...............................................vi

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION.....................................1

1. Theoretical models on the choice of IPO methods.............1
2. Empirical studies on the choice of IPO methods..............2
3. Underpricing difference between IPO methods.................2
4. Objectives and contributions................................3

CHAPTER 2. REVIEW OF RELATED RESEARCH.......................5

1. Theoretical literature on the choice of IPO methods.........5
2. Possible relations between market conditions and IPO methods .......................................................8
3. Investors’ divergence of opinions..........................9
4. Summary....................................................11

CHAPTER 3.THE MODEL DEVELOPMENT............................12

1. Model settings.............................................12
2. Issuers’ objective function...............................14
3. Issuers’ wealth under various IPO selling methods.........15
4. Propositions...............................................17
5. Testable Hypotheses........................................21
6. Model comparisons..........................................23
7. Summary....................................................23

CHAPTER 4. DATA AND METHODOLOGY............................24

1. IPO selling procedures in Taiwan...........................24
2. Data and summary statistics................................26
3. Methodology................................................27

CHAPTER 5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS.........................33

1. Probit results.............................................33
2. Initial returns and the choice of IPO methods..............35
3. Discussions................................................38

CHAPTER 6.CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS......................41

1. Conclusions............................................... 41
2. Policy implications........................................42
3. Possible model extensions..................................42

APPENDIX A....................................................60
APPENDIX B....................................................62
APPENDIX C....................................................63
REFERENCES....................................................66
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0087357505en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 首次公開發行zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 承銷機制zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 競價拍賣zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公開申購zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Initial Public Offeringsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Selling Methodsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Auctionsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Fixed-price Offeringsen_US
dc.title (題名) 承銷機制的選擇─理論與實證zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF THE DETERMINANTS OF IPO SELLING METHODSen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aggarwal, R. and P. Conroy (2000), Price discovery in initial public offerings and the role of the lead underwriter, Journal of Finance, 55, 2903-2922.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aggarwal, Rajesh K., L. Krigman and K. L. Womack, 2002, Strategic IPO underpricing, information momentum, and lockup expiration selling, Journal of Financial Economics, 66, 105-137.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Barberis, N., T. Santos and M. Huang, 2001, Prospect theory and asset prices, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116, 1-53.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Benveniste, L. M., and W. Y. Busaba, 1997, Book-building vs. fixed price: An analysis of competing strategies for marketing IPOs, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 32, 383-403.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Benveniste, L. M., Busaba, W., and W. Wilhelm, 2002, Information externalities and the role of underwriters in primary equity markets, Journal of Financial Intermediation, 11, 61-86.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bradley, D. J., and B. D. Jordan, 2002, Partial adjustment to public information and IPO under-pricing, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 37, 595-616.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chemmanur, T., and H. M. Liu, 2002, How should a firm go public? A dynamic model of the choice between fixed-price offerings and auctions in IPOs and privatizations, Working paper, Boston College.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chowdhry, B., and A. Sherman, 1996, International differences in over-subscription and underpricing of IPOs, Journal of Corporate Finance, 2, 359-381.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Derrien, Fran&ccedil;ois, 2004, IPO pricing in “hot” market conditions: Who leaves money on the table? Journal of Finance, forthcoming.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Derrien, F., and K. L. Womack, 2003, Auction vs. bookbuilding and the control of underpricing in hot IPO markets, Review of Financial Studies, 16, 31-61.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Houge, Todd, T. Loughran, G. Suchanek and X. Yan, 2001, Divergence of opinion, uncertainty, and the quality of initial public offerings. Financial Management, 30, 5-23.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Krigman, L., W. H. Shaw, and K. Womack, 1999, The persistence of IPO mispricing and the predictive power of flipping, Journal of Finance, 54, 1015-1044.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kutsuna, K. and R. Smith, 2001, Issue cost and method of IPO underpricing: Japan’s change from auction method pricing to book building, Working paper, Osaka City University and Claremont Graduate University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Liu, Y., J. Wei, and G. Liaw, 2003, On the demand elasticity of initial public offerings: An analysis of discriminatory auctions. International Review of Finance, 2, 151-178.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Loughran, T., J. Ritter, and K. Rydqvist, 1994, Initial public offerings: International insights, Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 2, 165-199.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Loughran, T., and J. Ritter, 2002, Why don’t issuers get upset about leaving money on the table in IPOs? Review of Financial Studies, 15, 413-443.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lowry, M., and G. W. Schwert, 2002, IPO market cycles: Bubbles or sequential learning? Journal of Finance, 57, 1171-1200.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lowry, M., and G. W. Schwert, 2004, Is the IPO pricing process efficient? Journal of Financial Economics, 71, 3-26.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Miller, E.M., 1977, Risk, uncertainty, and divergence of opinion, Journal of Finance, 32, 1151-1168.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pettway, R. H., and T. Kaneko, 1996, The effects of removing price limits and introducing auctions upon short-term IPO returns: The case of Japanese IPOs, Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 4, 241-258.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ritter, Jay and Ivo Welch, 2002, A review of IPO activity, pricing and allocation, Journal of Finance, 57, 1795-1828.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sherman, A., 2003, Global trends in IPO methods: Book building versus auctions, Working paper, University of Notre Dame.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Subrahmanyam and Titman, 1999, The going public decision and the development of financial markets, Journal of Finance, 54, 1045-1082zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Welch, I., 1992, Sequential sales, learning, and cascades, Journal of Finance, 47, 695-732.zh_TW