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題名 市場訊息變動對外匯波動之不對稱影響與其反轉特性:選擇權市場的證據
作者 陳盈之
貢獻者 杜化宇
陳盈之
關鍵詞 波動度
外匯選擇權
不對稱效果
反轉效果
VS-GARCH 模型
日期 2002
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 19:11:10 (UTC+8)
摘要 一般研究外匯波動均以現貨的波動為主,但理論上衍生性金融商品由於成本低、市場限制較少,並且隱含波動度為「事前」波動度,隱含「預期」的意涵,因此衍生性金融商品的波動應該比現貨更能反映市場的資訊,市場資訊透過市場參與者的投資策略反映在市場,將會造成市場上的波動,且影響是不對稱和具有反轉現象的,所謂的「反轉」是指當價格變動幅度很大時,負向的價格變動比正向對波動度的影響要大,但當價格變動很小時,影響方向便會出現反轉 (reversal),即小幅度的正向價格變動比負向價格變動對波動度的影響要大。

本研究以英磅、歐元、日圓及瑞士法郎四種外匯選擇權作為研究標的,探討外匯波動是否具有不對稱效果以及不對稱效果是否因價格變動幅度而有反轉現象,並且發展類似double-threshold GARCH模型的VS-VOLUME-GARCH模型,在控制交易量變數後,檢視不對稱及反轉的現象是否有所改變。實證結果發現市場訊息對英磅、歐元、日圓與瑞士法郎波動具有不對稱效果與反轉,但是方向與影響程度剛好與一般股市波動相反,即小幅度正向價格變動對波動度的影響較負向小,大幅度的正向價格變動對波動度的影響較負向大,其次,交易量的確可以用來解釋波動度不對稱及反轉但是僅能解釋部份原因,並且由實證結果可知交易量的確可以減輕波動度不對稱及反轉的程度,另外,實證結果也指出交易量只是造成不對稱及反轉效果的一個原因,除了交易量之外應該還存在其它重要因素。
參考文獻 參考文獻
英文部份(依作者姓氏字母順序排列)
1.Admati, A. R., and P. Pflerderer, (1988) “A Theory of Intraday Patterns: Volume and Price Variability”, Review of Financial Studies, Vol.1, P1-40.
2.Bessembinder, Hendrik and Paul J. Seguin, (1993) “Price Volatility, Trading Volume, and Market Depth: Evidence form Futures Markets”, Journal of financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol.28, P21-39.
3.Black, F., (1976) “Studies of Stock Price Volatility Changes”, Proceedings of the American Statistical Association, Business and Economics and Statistics Section, P177-181.
4.Bollerslev, T., (1986) ”Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskeasticity”, Journal of Econometrics, Vol.31, P307-327.
5.Campbell and Hentschel, (1992) ”No News is Good News”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.31, P281-318.
6.Cheung, Y. W. and Ng, L.K., (1992) “Stock price dynamics and firm size: an empirical investigation”, Journal of Finance, Vol.48, P1985-1997.
7.Christie, A., (1982) “The Stochastic Behavior of Common Stock Variances: Values, Leverage and Interest Rate Effects”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.10, P15-36.
8.Clark, P.K., (1973) ”A Subordinated Stochastic Process Model with Finite Variances for Speculative Prices”, Economertrica, Vol.41, P135-155.
9.Copeland, T.E., (1976)”A Model of Asset Trading Under the Assumptions of Sequential Information Arrival”, Journal of Finance, Vol.31, P1149-1168.
10.Daniel, Kent, David Hirshleifer, and Avanidhar Subrahmanyam, (1998) “Investor Psychology and Security Market Under- and Overreactions”, Journal of Finance, Vol.53, P1839-1886.
11.Engle, R., (1982) “Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of U.K. Inflation”, Econometrica, Vol.50, P987-1008.
12.Engle Robert F. and Victor K. Ng, (1993) “Measuring and Testing the Impact of News on Volatility”, Journal of Finance, Vol.18, P1749-177.
13.Epps, T.W., and M.L. Epps, (1976) ”The Stochastic Dependence of Security Price Changes and Transaction Volumes: Implications for the Mixture-of-Distributions Hypothesis”, Economertrica, Vol.44, P305-325.
14.Franses, P.H. and Dick Van Dijk, (2000) Nonlinear Time Series Models in Empirical Finance, Cambridge University Press
Fornari, Fabio and Antonio Mele, (1997) ”Sign-And Volatility-Switching ARCH Models: Theory and Applications to International Stock Markets”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol.12, P49-65.
15.French, K., G.W. Schwert, and R. Stambaugh, (1987) “Expected Stock Returns and Volatility”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.19, P3-29.
16.Glosten, L., R. Jagannathan, and D. Rundle, (1993) ”On the Relation Between the Expected Value and the Volatility of the Nominal Excess Return on Stocks”, Journal of Finance, Vol.48, P1779-1801.
17.González-Rivera, Gloria, (1998) “Smooth Transition GARCH Models", Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics, Vol.3, P 61-78.
18.Hong, Harrison, Terence Lim, and Jeremy C. Stein, (1999) ”The Unified Theory of Underreaction Momentum Trading and Overreaction in Asset Markets ”, Journal of Finance, Vol. 54, P2143-2184.
19.Kim, Minho, (2003) "Implied Volatility Dynamics in the Foreign Exchange Markets", Working paper, Chonbuk National University
20.Longin, F., and B. Solnik, (1995) “Is the correlation in international equity returns constant: 1960-1990? ”, Journal of International Money and Finance, Vol.14, P3-26.
21.Longin Francois M., (1997) ”The Threshold Effect in Expected Volatility: A Model Based on Asymmetric Information”, Review of financial Studies, Vol.10, P837-869.
22.Morse, D., (1981) ”Price and Trading Volume Reaction Surrounding Earnings Announcements: A Closer Examination”, Journal of Accounting Research, Vol.19, P374-383.
23.Nelson, D., (1990) “Conditional Heteroskedasticity in Asset Returns: A New Approach”, Econometrica, Vol.59, P347-370.
24.Park, Tae H., Lorne N. Switzer and Robert Bedrossian, (1999) “The Interactions between trading volume and volatility: Evidence from the Equity Options markets”, Applied Financial Economics, Vol. 9, P 627-637.
25.Rabemananjara R and J. M. Zakoian, (1993) ”Threshold Arch Models and Asymmetries in Volatility”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol.8, P31-49.
26.Rubinstein, M., (1994) ”Implied Binomial Trees”, Journal of Finance, Vol. 49, P 771-818.
27.Schwert, G.W., (1989) “Why Does Stock Market Volatility Change Over Time?” Journal of Finance, Vol.44, P1115-1153.
28.Schwert, G.W., (1990) “Stock Volatility and the Crash of 87”, Review of Financial Studies, Vol.3, P 77-102.
29.Simon David P., (1997) ”Implied Volatility Asymmetries in Treasury Bond Futures Options”, Journal of Futures Markets, Vol.17, P873-885.
30.Stoll, H. and Whaley, R., (1987) “Program Trading and Expiration Day Effects”, Financial Analysts Journal, Vol.43, P16-28.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財務管理研究所
90357018
91
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090357018
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 杜化宇zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳盈之zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 陳盈之zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2002en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 19:11:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 19:11:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 19:11:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0090357018en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34035-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財務管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 90357018zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 一般研究外匯波動均以現貨的波動為主,但理論上衍生性金融商品由於成本低、市場限制較少,並且隱含波動度為「事前」波動度,隱含「預期」的意涵,因此衍生性金融商品的波動應該比現貨更能反映市場的資訊,市場資訊透過市場參與者的投資策略反映在市場,將會造成市場上的波動,且影響是不對稱和具有反轉現象的,所謂的「反轉」是指當價格變動幅度很大時,負向的價格變動比正向對波動度的影響要大,但當價格變動很小時,影響方向便會出現反轉 (reversal),即小幅度的正向價格變動比負向價格變動對波動度的影響要大。

本研究以英磅、歐元、日圓及瑞士法郎四種外匯選擇權作為研究標的,探討外匯波動是否具有不對稱效果以及不對稱效果是否因價格變動幅度而有反轉現象,並且發展類似double-threshold GARCH模型的VS-VOLUME-GARCH模型,在控制交易量變數後,檢視不對稱及反轉的現象是否有所改變。實證結果發現市場訊息對英磅、歐元、日圓與瑞士法郎波動具有不對稱效果與反轉,但是方向與影響程度剛好與一般股市波動相反,即小幅度正向價格變動對波動度的影響較負向小,大幅度的正向價格變動對波動度的影響較負向大,其次,交易量的確可以用來解釋波動度不對稱及反轉但是僅能解釋部份原因,並且由實證結果可知交易量的確可以減輕波動度不對稱及反轉的程度,另外,實證結果也指出交易量只是造成不對稱及反轉效果的一個原因,除了交易量之外應該還存在其它重要因素。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第三節 研究架構 5
第二章 波動度不對稱之理論探討 7
第一節 波動度不對稱之現象 7
第二節 波動度不對稱與反轉之理論 9
第三節 選擇權隱含波動度不對稱之探討 17
第三章 波動度模型文獻回顧 21
第一節 波動度模型 21
第二節 News Impact Curve與符號偏差檢定 27
第三節 非線性模型之估計方法 30
第四章 研究方法 33
第一節 資料來源 33
第二節 變數與模型建立 35
第五章 實證結果 43
第一節 樣本敘述 43
第二節 不對稱效果檢定 47
第三節 VS-GARCH模型實證結果 50
第四節 加入交易量後的VS-VOLUME-GARCH模型 61
第六章 結論與研究限制 65
第一節 結論 65
第二節 研究限制 66
參考文獻 67


表目錄
表 4-1 外匯選擇權契約規格與貨幣種類 33
表4-2 樣本研究期間與樣本數 34
表5-2 自我相關係數與常態檢定表 47
表5-3 不對稱效果檢定表 49
表5-5(a) VS-GARCH模型參數估計表 51
表5-5(b) VS-GARCH模型參數估計表 52
表5-6(a) VS-VOLUME-GARCH模型之係數估計表 63
表5-6(b) VS-VOLUME-GARCH模型之係數估計表 64


圖目錄
圖1-1 研究架構流程圖 6
圖4-1 GARCH模型與VS-GARCH模型之NIC圖 40
圖5-1 標準化後英磅選擇權隱含波動度與標的價格走勢圖 44
圖5-2 標準化後歐元選擇權隱含波動度與標的價格走勢圖 44
圖5-3 標準化後日圓選擇權隱含波動度與標的價格走勢圖 45
圖5-4 標準化後瑞士法郎選擇權隱含波動度與標的價格走勢圖 46
圖5-5(a) 英磅選擇權之NIC(未標準化) 53
圖5-5(b) 英磅選擇權之NIC(標準化) 54
圖5-6(a) 歐元選擇權之NIC(未標準化) 54
圖5-6(a) 歐元選擇權之NIC(未標準化) 55
圖5-6(b) 歐元選擇權之NIC (標準化) 56
圖5-7(a) 日圓選擇權之NIC(未標準化) 57
圖5-7(b) 日圓選擇權之NIC(標準化) 58
圖5-8(a) 瑞士法郎選擇權之NIC(未標準化) 59
圖5-8(b) 瑞士法郎選擇權之NIC (標準化) 60
zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090357018en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 波動度zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外匯選擇權zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 不對稱效果zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 反轉效果zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) VS-GARCH 模型zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 市場訊息變動對外匯波動之不對稱影響與其反轉特性:選擇權市場的證據zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文部份(依作者姓氏字母順序排列)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1.Admati, A. R., and P. Pflerderer, (1988) “A Theory of Intraday Patterns: Volume and Price Variability”, Review of Financial Studies, Vol.1, P1-40.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2.Bessembinder, Hendrik and Paul J. Seguin, (1993) “Price Volatility, Trading Volume, and Market Depth: Evidence form Futures Markets”, Journal of financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol.28, P21-39.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3.Black, F., (1976) “Studies of Stock Price Volatility Changes”, Proceedings of the American Statistical Association, Business and Economics and Statistics Section, P177-181.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4.Bollerslev, T., (1986) ”Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskeasticity”, Journal of Econometrics, Vol.31, P307-327.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5.Campbell and Hentschel, (1992) ”No News is Good News”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.31, P281-318.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6.Cheung, Y. W. and Ng, L.K., (1992) “Stock price dynamics and firm size: an empirical investigation”, Journal of Finance, Vol.48, P1985-1997.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7.Christie, A., (1982) “The Stochastic Behavior of Common Stock Variances: Values, Leverage and Interest Rate Effects”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.10, P15-36.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8.Clark, P.K., (1973) ”A Subordinated Stochastic Process Model with Finite Variances for Speculative Prices”, Economertrica, Vol.41, P135-155.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9.Copeland, T.E., (1976)”A Model of Asset Trading Under the Assumptions of Sequential Information Arrival”, Journal of Finance, Vol.31, P1149-1168.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10.Daniel, Kent, David Hirshleifer, and Avanidhar Subrahmanyam, (1998) “Investor Psychology and Security Market Under- and Overreactions”, Journal of Finance, Vol.53, P1839-1886.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11.Engle, R., (1982) “Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of U.K. Inflation”, Econometrica, Vol.50, P987-1008.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12.Engle Robert F. and Victor K. Ng, (1993) “Measuring and Testing the Impact of News on Volatility”, Journal of Finance, Vol.18, P1749-177.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13.Epps, T.W., and M.L. Epps, (1976) ”The Stochastic Dependence of Security Price Changes and Transaction Volumes: Implications for the Mixture-of-Distributions Hypothesis”, Economertrica, Vol.44, P305-325.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14.Franses, P.H. and Dick Van Dijk, (2000) Nonlinear Time Series Models in Empirical Finance, Cambridge University Presszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fornari, Fabio and Antonio Mele, (1997) ”Sign-And Volatility-Switching ARCH Models: Theory and Applications to International Stock Markets”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol.12, P49-65.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 15.French, K., G.W. Schwert, and R. Stambaugh, (1987) “Expected Stock Returns and Volatility”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.19, P3-29.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 16.Glosten, L., R. Jagannathan, and D. Rundle, (1993) ”On the Relation Between the Expected Value and the Volatility of the Nominal Excess Return on Stocks”, Journal of Finance, Vol.48, P1779-1801.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 17.González-Rivera, Gloria, (1998) “Smooth Transition GARCH Models", Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics, Vol.3, P 61-78.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 18.Hong, Harrison, Terence Lim, and Jeremy C. Stein, (1999) ”The Unified Theory of Underreaction Momentum Trading and Overreaction in Asset Markets ”, Journal of Finance, Vol. 54, P2143-2184.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 19.Kim, Minho, (2003) "Implied Volatility Dynamics in the Foreign Exchange Markets", Working paper, Chonbuk National Universityzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 20.Longin, F., and B. Solnik, (1995) “Is the correlation in international equity returns constant: 1960-1990? ”, Journal of International Money and Finance, Vol.14, P3-26.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 21.Longin Francois M., (1997) ”The Threshold Effect in Expected Volatility: A Model Based on Asymmetric Information”, Review of financial Studies, Vol.10, P837-869.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 22.Morse, D., (1981) ”Price and Trading Volume Reaction Surrounding Earnings Announcements: A Closer Examination”, Journal of Accounting Research, Vol.19, P374-383.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 23.Nelson, D., (1990) “Conditional Heteroskedasticity in Asset Returns: A New Approach”, Econometrica, Vol.59, P347-370.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 24.Park, Tae H., Lorne N. Switzer and Robert Bedrossian, (1999) “The Interactions between trading volume and volatility: Evidence from the Equity Options markets”, Applied Financial Economics, Vol. 9, P 627-637.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 25.Rabemananjara R and J. M. Zakoian, (1993) ”Threshold Arch Models and Asymmetries in Volatility”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol.8, P31-49.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 26.Rubinstein, M., (1994) ”Implied Binomial Trees”, Journal of Finance, Vol. 49, P 771-818.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 27.Schwert, G.W., (1989) “Why Does Stock Market Volatility Change Over Time?” Journal of Finance, Vol.44, P1115-1153.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 28.Schwert, G.W., (1990) “Stock Volatility and the Crash of 87”, Review of Financial Studies, Vol.3, P 77-102.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 29.Simon David P., (1997) ”Implied Volatility Asymmetries in Treasury Bond Futures Options”, Journal of Futures Markets, Vol.17, P873-885.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 30.Stoll, H. and Whaley, R., (1987) “Program Trading and Expiration Day Effects”, Financial Analysts Journal, Vol.43, P16-28.zh_TW