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題名	軟體產業的顧客知識運用、產權與組織型式
作者	王盈勛 Wang, Ying-hsun
貢獻者	李仁芳 Lee, Jen-fang 王盈勛 Wang, Ying-hsun
關鍵詞	顧客知識產權組織型式軟體創新產業開放原始碼 customer knowledge property right organizational form software innovation industry open source
日期	2002
上傳時間	18-Sep-2009 09:15:03 (UTC+8)
摘要	摘要開放原始碼軟體的出現，對軟體產業帶來巨大的衝擊。然而，針對開放原始碼軟體的研究，經常將開放原始碼軟體視為「沒有產權」的軟體，或是被更進一步提高到意識型態之爭，視為是爭取自由的「聖戰」。本研究的成果指明，開放原始碼軟體之所以出現與茁壯，是回應軟體市場對個人化與差異化需求越來越高的有效方式。產品差異化的程度越高，對顧客知識的依賴程度越高，而開放原始碼軟體社群則是全然靠顧客的知識貢獻來開發軟體的一種組織形式。開放原始碼授權協議作為一種產權制度，並非「沒有產權」或是「反對產權」，組織而是讓軟體開發社群成員的專質性知識與產權配置得以效率結合的制度發明。開放原始碼授權協議以著作權為基礎的制度安排，讓軟體開發者能夠自主地運用軟體原始碼、擴大社群成員間的知識共享、以及排除個人或商業公司在其間從事投機行為的可能性。本研究對組織創新的三權假說於社群組織的運用，進行了初步的檢驗；此外，對於軟體產業該如何妥善運用顧客力量從事產品創新也提出了一些建議。 Abstract The emergence of the open source software in the 1990s has made a huge impact on the software industry. However, the overall research on the open source software often regards it as “software without property right,” or even sees it a “holy war” fighting for freedom by heightening the ideological conflicts between liberalism and capitalism. The outcome of this research indicates that the initiation and development of the open source software serves as the effective response for the demanding software market of individualization and differentiation. The more the software product differentiates, the more the users’ knowledge has to be replied upon. The open source software community is a form of organization which entirely lives on the intellectual contribution of its customers. The licensing of the open source software as a system of property right does not mean that it has no property right or it is against property right; rather, it is an invention of system which allows the efficient combination of the community software developers and the distribution of property right. The licensing of the open source software based on the intellectual property right permits the software developers making use of the open source independently, expanding the communal share of knowledge among community members, and eliminating the possibilities of individuals and commercial companies who try to speculate in it. This study has made preliminary examinations on the application of the “hypothesis of the three powers” of the organizational innovation on communities and provides software industry with suggestions for how to make proper use of the power of customers.
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描述	博士國立政治大學科技管理研究所 87359506 91
資料來源	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0087359506
資料類型	thesis

dc.contributor.advisor	李仁芳	zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor	Lee, Jen-fang	en_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	王盈勛	zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	Wang, Ying-hsun	en_US
dc.creator (作者)	王盈勛	zh_TW
dc.creator (作者)	Wang, Ying-hsun	en_US
dc.date (日期)	2002	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	18-Sep-2009 09:15:03 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.available	18-Sep-2009 09:15:03 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間)	18-Sep-2009 09:15:03 (UTC+8)	-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers)	G0087359506	en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI)	https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34282	-
dc.description (描述)	博士	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	國立政治大學	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	科技管理研究所	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	87359506	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	91	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	摘要開放原始碼軟體的出現，對軟體產業帶來巨大的衝擊。然而，針對開放原始碼軟體的研究，經常將開放原始碼軟體視為「沒有產權」的軟體，或是被更進一步提高到意識型態之爭，視為是爭取自由的「聖戰」。本研究的成果指明，開放原始碼軟體之所以出現與茁壯，是回應軟體市場對個人化與差異化需求越來越高的有效方式。產品差異化的程度越高，對顧客知識的依賴程度越高，而開放原始碼軟體社群則是全然靠顧客的知識貢獻來開發軟體的一種組織形式。開放原始碼授權協議作為一種產權制度，並非「沒有產權」或是「反對產權」，組織而是讓軟體開發社群成員的專質性知識與產權配置得以效率結合的制度發明。開放原始碼授權協議以著作權為基礎的制度安排，讓軟體開發者能夠自主地運用軟體原始碼、擴大社群成員間的知識共享、以及排除個人或商業公司在其間從事投機行為的可能性。本研究對組織創新的三權假說於社群組織的運用，進行了初步的檢驗；此外，對於軟體產業該如何妥善運用顧客力量從事產品創新也提出了一些建議。	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	Abstract The emergence of the open source software in the 1990s has made a huge impact on the software industry. However, the overall research on the open source software often regards it as “software without property right,” or even sees it a “holy war” fighting for freedom by heightening the ideological conflicts between liberalism and capitalism. The outcome of this research indicates that the initiation and development of the open source software serves as the effective response for the demanding software market of individualization and differentiation. The more the software product differentiates, the more the users’ knowledge has to be replied upon. The open source software community is a form of organization which entirely lives on the intellectual contribution of its customers. The licensing of the open source software as a system of property right does not mean that it has no property right or it is against property right; rather, it is an invention of system which allows the efficient combination of the community software developers and the distribution of property right. The licensing of the open source software based on the intellectual property right permits the software developers making use of the open source independently, expanding the communal share of knowledge among community members, and eliminating the possibilities of individuals and commercial companies who try to speculate in it. This study has made preliminary examinations on the application of the “hypothesis of the three powers” of the organizational innovation on communities and provides software industry with suggestions for how to make proper use of the power of customers.	en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents	目錄第一章研究背景與動機 1 第一節研究背景與動機 1 1.1為何要研究軟體產業？　1 1.2什麼問題值得研究？　3 1.3產業競爭的動態　4 第二節研究問題與目的 7 第三節論文的架構 9 第二章文獻回顧與理論探討 10 第一節　知識的運用與財產權 10 1.1產權制度的歷史變革 10 1.2代理問題 11 1.3組織相關人的知識運用與財產權 14 第二節知識與組織形式 23 2.1組織形式 23 2.2知識與組織形式 24 第三節　顧客知識力的崛起 32 3.1顧客力的歷史 32 3.2顧客的新角色 38 第四節　顧客知識力的運用與激勵 43 4.1激勵顧客的方式：經濟與非經濟 43 4.2 「不願意」創新與「沒有能力」創新的區別 43 4.3針對專質性知識的激勵 47 第五節　顧客所有權 49 5.1交易成本觀點的顧客產權 49 5.2權力觀點的顧客產權 54 5.3風險觀點的顧客產權 55 5.4非營利事業組織觀點 56 5.5社群觀點的產權 56 5.6顧客控制權與剩餘求償權 57 第三章　研究架構與方法 59 第一節研究架構 59 第二節研究方法 62 2.1紮根理論 62 2.2比較制度分析 65 2.3研究對象 68 2.4研究程序 70 2.5資料來源與分析 72 第四章　個案分析 74 第一節 Linux 74 1.1Linux簡介 74 1.2Linux的成長概況 80 1.3誰在開發Linux？ 83 1.4Linux的市場概況　90 1.5Linux開發的激勵機制 94 1.6Linux開發方式的整理 100 第二節微軟 101 2.1微軟公司簡介 101 2.2微軟產品(視窗)開發的知識來源 103 2.3微軟激勵制度的設計 111 2.4微軟的組織架構 114 2.5微軟視窗開發方式的整理 117 第三節組合國際 119　　 3.1組合國際公司簡介 119 3.2組合國際產品開發(Unicenter)的知識來源 121 3.3組合國際激勵制度的設計 130 3.4組合國際Unicenter開發方式的整理 133 第五章個案的比較分析 134 第一節資料的開放編碼 134 1.1產品開發類型 134 1.2運用的顧客知識 136 1.3組織形式 138 1.4激勵制度 139 第二節主軸編碼 140 第六章制度的比較分析 142 第一節滿足顧客差異化需求的方式：過去與現在 142 1.1市場區隔 142 1.2大量客製化 144 1.3自製的差異化：顧客創新 145 　　第二節　顧客合作創新與產權：知識作為一種共用資源 149 　　　　　　2.1共有所有權的古典議題 150 　　　　　　2.2知識作為一種共用資源 152 　　　　　　2.3組織的動機基礎觀點 154 　　　　　　2.4社群成員為何願意參與Linux的創新 155 　　　　　　2.5開放原始碼作為開發社群的產權制度 158 2.6商業軟體的智慧財產權與不同開放原始碼授權協議間的差別 160 第二節顧客合作創新與組織形式 165 3.1回應差異化需求 165 3.2自我組織與自我管理 168 3.3社群作為創新的分析單位 173 3.4以社群與網路來研究創新的分別 175 第七章結論與建議 177 第一節研究的總結說明 177 第二節理論上的貢獻 180　　 2.1三權假說在社群組織的運用—顧客知識對組織創新的貢獻 180 2.2智慧財產權的制度設計 180 2.3軟體產品開發理論 181 　　第三節　管理上的應用 182 　　　　　　3.1軟體產業的應用 182 　　　　　　3.2其他產業應用的可能性 183 第四節研究限制與未來研究的方向 185 4.1研究限制 185 4.2未來研究的方向 185 參考書目 187 附錄 212	zh_TW
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dc.language.iso	en_US	-
dc.source.uri (資料來源)	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0087359506	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	顧客	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	知識	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	產權	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	組織型式	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	軟體	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	創新	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	產業	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	開放原始碼	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	customer	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	knowledge	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	property right	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	organizational form	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	software	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	innovation	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	industry	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	open source	en_US
dc.title (題名)	軟體產業的顧客知識運用、產權與組織型式	zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型)	thesis	en
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