國際政治因素對於匯率體制與政策的影響：以人民幣匯率為例

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題名	國際政治因素對於匯率體制與政策的影響：以人民幣匯率為例 The Effect of International Politics on Exchange Rate Regime and Policies: the Case of Chinese Currency
作者	趙文志 Chao,Wen chih
貢獻者	童振源 Tung,Chen yuan 趙文志 Chao,Wen chih
關鍵詞	人民幣匯率美國國際政治 Renminbi Foreign Exchange Rate United States International Politics
日期	2007
上傳時間	18-Sep-2009 10:12:35 (UTC+8)
摘要	本論文討論的問題是，國際政治因素對於匯率體制與政策有沒有影響？如果有影響，則國際政治因素如何影響匯率體制與匯率政策變化？國際政治因素影響匯率體制與匯率政策變化的程度有多大？我們希望透過以上問題的探討確認國際政治因素與匯率體制和匯率變化有無關係，然後分析國際政治因素透過怎樣的方式與機制來影響匯率體制與匯率政策，進而瞭解匯率變動與國際政治因素之間的因果關係為何？在上述問題下，我們有以下的研究假說：（一）匯率體制與名目匯率的變動除了受國內政治因素與經濟因素的影響外，國際政治因素對於匯率的變動亦是有影響。（二）政府對於匯率政策的思考除了考量國內政治與經濟因素外，也考慮國際政治壓力因素。（三）市場交易者對於匯率的預期與作為，除了受到總體經濟指標與國內政治局勢發展的影響外，也受到國際政治情勢變化的影響。（四）國際貿易失衡下，貿易順差國對貿易逆差國依賴度上升，假如貿易逆差國為一強權國家，則強權國家會對貿易順差國有影響力。例如，兩國（A與B兩國）貿易失衡，A國在貿易順差累積大量外匯存底情況下，勢必會使得該國對於B國貿易依賴程度加深。在貿易失衡情況下，如果B國為強權國家，龐大貿易逆差的B國對於A國將會產生影響力。在這些研究問題與假說下，本文將以人民幣匯率作為研究個案，藉由個案探討去回答上述問題。所以，我們探討人民幣匯率與匯率體制是否受到國際政治壓力？其次是國際社會如何對人民幣施壓？第三是中國政府與決策者如何反應？第四是市場如何反應與考量國際壓力對匯率的影響？最後是提出初步研究結果與結論。根據本文研究，針對本文研究問題，我們認為：首先，國際政治因素對匯率體制與名目匯率有沒有影響？而根據研究結果，我們的答案是肯定的。不過這個肯定的答案必須建構在下面的假設上，第一是兩國必須處於貿易失衡的關係，同時貿易逆差國為一強權國家。其次是在假設一之下，政府對匯率政策的思維不只是考量國內經濟與國內政治，也考量國際政治壓力。其次第二個問題是國際政治因素如何影響匯率體制與匯率水平的變化。根據研究顯示，國際政治影響匯率體制與匯率水平的方式包括：公開施壓、雙邊高層官員會談、國際會議聯合施壓、甚至貿易制裁手段。通常首先透過公開發言的方式對貿易順差國施壓，要求貿易順差國對於經貿失衡現象做出相應措施，其中以調整匯率為主要要求，其次進一步透過雙邊高層官員直接面對面討論相關議題，藉由談判過程直接施加壓力，第三，則是在國際會議場合中和其他國家聯手施壓，對於匯率議題表達一致的立場形成聯合壓力，去迫使貿易順差國調整匯率制度與水平。第四則是威脅貿易制裁，透過提案以及口頭威脅貿易制裁方式，加重施壓的力道，對貿易順差國進一步施壓，最後則是實施貿易制裁。第三個研究問題是國際政治因素影響匯率體制與名目匯率變化的程度有多大？從中國人民幣的案例中，我們可以發現，中國一開始面對來自國際壓力時就強硬表示不會改變現行匯率體制與水平。其強調由於中國本身經濟發展狀況與國內金融體制不健全，在加上美國貿易赤字並非完全中國所造成的，所以目前並沒有改變的需要。但隨著不斷增加的雙邊貿易逆差與國際壓力，中國雖然仍沒有改變中國匯率體制與水平，但也開始改變表示願意思考人民幣改革的可能性並將人民幣完全自由浮動，完全由市場供需來決定作為最後終極目標。甚至到最後出其不意的改變人民幣匯率體制並升值2.1％。這顯示在中國改革人民幣過程中，國際政治因素扮演重要的角色，發揮重要影響力。因為在堅持不變的理由中，中國始終以國內經濟因素與中國內部穩定的政治性理由來拒絕國際社會的要求，但在最後改革的說帖中，中國也承認國際壓力是其推動匯率改革的重要因素，可見除了國內經濟與政治面向的考量外，國際政治因素也是具有重大影響力。 This paper discusses whether exchange rate regimes and exchange rate policies are affected by international politics, as well as how international politics affect exchange rate regimes and exchange rates. By examining these questions, I would like to analyze the mechanism by which international politics affect exchange rates and figure out the relationship among exchange rate regime, policies and international politics. This paper puts forth four hypotheses. First of all, exchange rate regimes and exchange rates are not only affected by domestic politics and economic factors, but they are also affected by international politics. Second, decisions regarding exchange rate policies made by governments are based on international politics, domestic politics and economic factors. Third, the behavior and expectations of market traders are also affected by macro economic index, domestic political situation and international political situation. Forth, under bilateral trade imbalance, state B which is a great power and has large trade deficit with state A has influence on state A. State A and State B have an imbalance trade relationship. State A which has a large trade surplus will increase dependence on state B. Under these hypotheses, the author would like to answer the above questions by discussing the case of the Chinese currency, the Renminbi (RMB). Hence, the case study will ask the following questions. First of all, was the Chinese currency reform made on July 21, 2005 by the Chinese government affected by international politics? Second, how did the international community press the Chinese government to reform exchange rate regime? Third, how did the Chinese government respond to pressures from the international community and market? Fourth, how did market traders respond to and interpret interactions between the Chinese government and the international community. The research achieved the following results. First of all, under hypotheses two and four, exchange rate regimes and policies are affected by international politics. Second, ways which international politics affect exchange rates and regimes are through public pressure, bilateral official talks, trade sanctions, and oral threats. Public pressure is when a state with trade deficit asks a state which has trade surplus to adjust the exchange rate to reduce trade surplus. Bilateral official talks are when decision makers on both sides negotiate with each other for imbalance trade relationship. Exchange rate is an important dimension to negotiation. Trade sanctions are the last step to make the state which has trade surplus adjust exchange rate. Oral threats can be uses with the above mentioned measures. Third, in the case of RMB, the Chinese government rejected the international community’s request to adjust exchange and regime. Because of the weakness of China’s economic development and its unhealthy financial systems, the Chinese government rejected adjustments of exchange rate and regime under pressure from international communities. The Chinese government does not think that the undervalue of Chinese currency is the main reason of U.S. trade deficit and emphasized that there is no need to change RMB exchange rate and regime. With increasing trade surplus and pressure from international community, the Chinese government started to change its attitude towards the issue of RMB exchange rate. The Chinese government expressed that it was willing to consider the possibility of exchange rate reform, and movement of RMB exchange rate was fully determined by market forces. On July 21, 2005, the Chinese government adjusted regime and level of Chinese currency unexpectedly. The reform on July 21, 2005 implied that international politics played an important role in the exchange rate reform. Although the Chinese government denied that exchange rate reform was made under international pressure, international pressure is one of the main reasons behind the Chinese government changing the exchange rate policy according to the U.S. official’s testimony before the committee of Congress. The Chinese government reiterated that reform on July 21, 2005 was carried out according to the development of domestic economic development. But because of that, U.S. officials expressed that Chinese officials made a commitment of reform to them in bilateral talks, so we can understand that the international community has influence on the policy of exchange rate reform in addition to factors of domestic economy and politics.
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"中國貿易收支、貿易結構與人民幣實際有效匯率." 數量經濟技術經濟研究（北京）(6): 23-42. 高長 (2004). 大陸經改與兩岸經貿關係. 台北, 五南書局. 國家統計局國民經濟綜合統計司 (1999). 新中國五十年統計資料匯編. 北京, 中國統計出版社. 梁家榮 (2002). 朱鎔基：人民幣堅持不貶值. 經濟日報: 11. 許少強、朱真麗 (2002). 1949-2000年的人民幣匯率史. 上海, 上海財經大學出版社. 連雋偉 (2003). 史諾來訪，中國強調保持人民幣穩定. 工商時報: 6. 連雋偉 (2004). 伊溫會談後伊凡斯：中國已願增強人民幣匯率彈性. 工商時報: 6. 郭瑋瑋 (2005). 周小川鬆口人民幣可能提前鬆綁. 經濟日報: A1. 陳彪如 (1992). 人民幣匯率研究. 上海, 華東師範大學出版社. 陳智文 (2002). 項懷誠：人民幣短期不可能完全自由化. 經濟日報: 11. 陳樹生 (2005). 匯率體論與匯率政策研究. 湖南長沙, 湖南大學出版社. 彭松 (2004). 人民幣匯率關注1：8.28下一步走向. 證券時報（中國）. 湯淑君 (2003). 人民幣疑遭操縱美議員促調查. 經濟日報: 1. 童振源 (2005). "人民幣匯率的國際政治經濟分析." 問題與研究 44(6): 133-155. 童振源 (2005). "中國經濟發展評估與展望：2005-2006年." 中國大陸經濟分析：2005年年報. 童振源編 (2004). 人民幣匯率：經濟與戰略分析. 台北, 遠景基金會. 黃仁德、張勝峰 (2004). "人民幣國際化問題之探討." 中山人文社會科學期刊 12(1): 33-69. 黃哲寬 (2001). IMF：人民幣匯率波動可放寬. 經濟日報: 1. 新華網. (2004). "專訪：周小川談金融宏觀調控人民幣匯率等." from http://www.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/. 新華網. (2005). "溫家寶:健全面向市場、更加具有彈性的匯率制度." from http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2005-06/26/content_3136904.htm. 新華網. (2006). 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描述	博士國立政治大學中山人文社會科學研究所 92261503 96
資料來源	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922615031
資料類型	thesis

dc.contributor.advisor	童振源	zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor	Tung,Chen yuan	en_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	趙文志	zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	Chao,Wen chih	en_US
dc.creator (作者)	趙文志	zh_TW
dc.creator (作者)	Chao,Wen chih	en_US
dc.date (日期)	2007	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	18-Sep-2009 10:12:35 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.available	18-Sep-2009 10:12:35 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間)	18-Sep-2009 10:12:35 (UTC+8)	-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers)	G0922615031	en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI)	https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34417	-
dc.description (描述)	博士	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	國立政治大學	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	中山人文社會科學研究所	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	92261503	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	96	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	本論文討論的問題是，國際政治因素對於匯率體制與政策有沒有影響？如果有影響，則國際政治因素如何影響匯率體制與匯率政策變化？國際政治因素影響匯率體制與匯率政策變化的程度有多大？我們希望透過以上問題的探討確認國際政治因素與匯率體制和匯率變化有無關係，然後分析國際政治因素透過怎樣的方式與機制來影響匯率體制與匯率政策，進而瞭解匯率變動與國際政治因素之間的因果關係為何？在上述問題下，我們有以下的研究假說：（一）匯率體制與名目匯率的變動除了受國內政治因素與經濟因素的影響外，國際政治因素對於匯率的變動亦是有影響。（二）政府對於匯率政策的思考除了考量國內政治與經濟因素外，也考慮國際政治壓力因素。（三）市場交易者對於匯率的預期與作為，除了受到總體經濟指標與國內政治局勢發展的影響外，也受到國際政治情勢變化的影響。（四）國際貿易失衡下，貿易順差國對貿易逆差國依賴度上升，假如貿易逆差國為一強權國家，則強權國家會對貿易順差國有影響力。例如，兩國（A與B兩國）貿易失衡，A國在貿易順差累積大量外匯存底情況下，勢必會使得該國對於B國貿易依賴程度加深。在貿易失衡情況下，如果B國為強權國家，龐大貿易逆差的B國對於A國將會產生影響力。在這些研究問題與假說下，本文將以人民幣匯率作為研究個案，藉由個案探討去回答上述問題。所以，我們探討人民幣匯率與匯率體制是否受到國際政治壓力？其次是國際社會如何對人民幣施壓？第三是中國政府與決策者如何反應？第四是市場如何反應與考量國際壓力對匯率的影響？最後是提出初步研究結果與結論。根據本文研究，針對本文研究問題，我們認為：首先，國際政治因素對匯率體制與名目匯率有沒有影響？而根據研究結果，我們的答案是肯定的。不過這個肯定的答案必須建構在下面的假設上，第一是兩國必須處於貿易失衡的關係，同時貿易逆差國為一強權國家。其次是在假設一之下，政府對匯率政策的思維不只是考量國內經濟與國內政治，也考量國際政治壓力。其次第二個問題是國際政治因素如何影響匯率體制與匯率水平的變化。根據研究顯示，國際政治影響匯率體制與匯率水平的方式包括：公開施壓、雙邊高層官員會談、國際會議聯合施壓、甚至貿易制裁手段。通常首先透過公開發言的方式對貿易順差國施壓，要求貿易順差國對於經貿失衡現象做出相應措施，其中以調整匯率為主要要求，其次進一步透過雙邊高層官員直接面對面討論相關議題，藉由談判過程直接施加壓力，第三，則是在國際會議場合中和其他國家聯手施壓，對於匯率議題表達一致的立場形成聯合壓力，去迫使貿易順差國調整匯率制度與水平。第四則是威脅貿易制裁，透過提案以及口頭威脅貿易制裁方式，加重施壓的力道，對貿易順差國進一步施壓，最後則是實施貿易制裁。第三個研究問題是國際政治因素影響匯率體制與名目匯率變化的程度有多大？從中國人民幣的案例中，我們可以發現，中國一開始面對來自國際壓力時就強硬表示不會改變現行匯率體制與水平。其強調由於中國本身經濟發展狀況與國內金融體制不健全，在加上美國貿易赤字並非完全中國所造成的，所以目前並沒有改變的需要。但隨著不斷增加的雙邊貿易逆差與國際壓力，中國雖然仍沒有改變中國匯率體制與水平，但也開始改變表示願意思考人民幣改革的可能性並將人民幣完全自由浮動，完全由市場供需來決定作為最後終極目標。甚至到最後出其不意的改變人民幣匯率體制並升值2.1％。這顯示在中國改革人民幣過程中，國際政治因素扮演重要的角色，發揮重要影響力。因為在堅持不變的理由中，中國始終以國內經濟因素與中國內部穩定的政治性理由來拒絕國際社會的要求，但在最後改革的說帖中，中國也承認國際壓力是其推動匯率改革的重要因素，可見除了國內經濟與政治面向的考量外，國際政治因素也是具有重大影響力。	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	This paper discusses whether exchange rate regimes and exchange rate policies are affected by international politics, as well as how international politics affect exchange rate regimes and exchange rates. By examining these questions, I would like to analyze the mechanism by which international politics affect exchange rates and figure out the relationship among exchange rate regime, policies and international politics. This paper puts forth four hypotheses. First of all, exchange rate regimes and exchange rates are not only affected by domestic politics and economic factors, but they are also affected by international politics. Second, decisions regarding exchange rate policies made by governments are based on international politics, domestic politics and economic factors. Third, the behavior and expectations of market traders are also affected by macro economic index, domestic political situation and international political situation. Forth, under bilateral trade imbalance, state B which is a great power and has large trade deficit with state A has influence on state A. State A and State B have an imbalance trade relationship. State A which has a large trade surplus will increase dependence on state B. Under these hypotheses, the author would like to answer the above questions by discussing the case of the Chinese currency, the Renminbi (RMB). Hence, the case study will ask the following questions. First of all, was the Chinese currency reform made on July 21, 2005 by the Chinese government affected by international politics? Second, how did the international community press the Chinese government to reform exchange rate regime? Third, how did the Chinese government respond to pressures from the international community and market? Fourth, how did market traders respond to and interpret interactions between the Chinese government and the international community. The research achieved the following results. First of all, under hypotheses two and four, exchange rate regimes and policies are affected by international politics. Second, ways which international politics affect exchange rates and regimes are through public pressure, bilateral official talks, trade sanctions, and oral threats. Public pressure is when a state with trade deficit asks a state which has trade surplus to adjust the exchange rate to reduce trade surplus. Bilateral official talks are when decision makers on both sides negotiate with each other for imbalance trade relationship. Exchange rate is an important dimension to negotiation. Trade sanctions are the last step to make the state which has trade surplus adjust exchange rate. Oral threats can be uses with the above mentioned measures. Third, in the case of RMB, the Chinese government rejected the international community’s request to adjust exchange and regime. Because of the weakness of China’s economic development and its unhealthy financial systems, the Chinese government rejected adjustments of exchange rate and regime under pressure from international communities. The Chinese government does not think that the undervalue of Chinese currency is the main reason of U.S. trade deficit and emphasized that there is no need to change RMB exchange rate and regime. With increasing trade surplus and pressure from international community, the Chinese government started to change its attitude towards the issue of RMB exchange rate. The Chinese government expressed that it was willing to consider the possibility of exchange rate reform, and movement of RMB exchange rate was fully determined by market forces. On July 21, 2005, the Chinese government adjusted regime and level of Chinese currency unexpectedly. The reform on July 21, 2005 implied that international politics played an important role in the exchange rate reform. Although the Chinese government denied that exchange rate reform was made under international pressure, international pressure is one of the main reasons behind the Chinese government changing the exchange rate policy according to the U.S. official’s testimony before the committee of Congress. The Chinese government reiterated that reform on July 21, 2005 was carried out according to the development of domestic economic development. But because of that, U.S. officials expressed that Chinese officials made a commitment of reform to them in bilateral talks, so we can understand that the international community has influence on the policy of exchange rate reform in addition to factors of domestic economy and politics.	en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents	第一章序論----------------------------------------------------------------------1 第一節研究動機-------------------------------------------------------------1 第二節文獻回顧------------------------------------------------------------13 第三節研究問題、研究架構與方法-------------------------------------21 第四節研究限制------------------------------------------------------------31 第五節論文架構------------------------------------------------------------32 第二章歷史案例回顧---------------------------------------------------------34 第一節德國馬克的案例回顧--------------------------------------------38 第二節日本日圓的案例回顧--------------------------------------------44 第三節台灣新台幣的案例回顧-----------------------------------------51 第四節小結---------------------------------------------------------------60 第三章人民幣匯率體制與匯率變化的歷史回顧：2001年底以前---62 第一節中國經濟發展戰略----------------------------------------------63 第二節中國經濟軌跡 ---------------------------------------------------70 第三節匯率角色與制度演變-------------------------------------------78 第四節中國經濟發展與匯率水平調整-------------------------------84 第五節小結-------------------------------------------------------------93 第四章人民幣匯率體制與匯率變化：2002.1.1-2005.7.21----------96 第一節人民幣匯率問題的起源-----------------------------------------96 第二節國際政治壓力----------------------------------------------------107 第三節外匯市場的認知-------------------------------------------------140 第四節中國決策者的認知與決策-------------------------------------156 第五節小結----------------------------------------------------------------178 第五章人民幣匯率體制與匯率變化：2005.7.21-2007.7.20-------187 第一節前言-----------------------------------------------------------187 第二節國際政治壓力--------------------------------------------------193 第三節外匯市場的認知-----------------------------------------------218 第四節中國決策者的認知與決策-----------------------------------234 第五節小結--------------------------------------------------------------257 第六章結論-----------------------------------------------------------------264 第一節研究發現--------------------------------------------------------264 第二節研究發現的理論意涵-----------------------------------------272 第三節研究發現的政策意涵-----------------------------------------274 第四節研究限制與未來展望-----------------------------------------276 圖目錄圖1-1 研究架構圖---------------------------------------------------------------------------25 圖2-1 德國馬克匯率走勢圖(1961-1998)------------------------------------------------40 圖2-2 日圓走勢圖(1961-2001)------------------------------------------------------------47 圖2-3 新台幣走勢圖(1960-2006)---------------------------------------------------------57 圖3-1 中國人均國內生產總值------------------------------------------------------------71 圖3-2 中國進出口總額走勢圖------------------------------------------------------------74 圖3-3 人民幣匯率走勢圖------------------------------------------------------------------92圖4-1 美元兌世界主要貨幣匯率加權指數走勢圖（1990-2005.7）---------------98 圖4-2 人民幣對美元匯率走勢圖（1990-2006）--------------------------------------100 圖4-3 人民幣與美元實質有效匯率（2002.1-2005.6）------------------------------101 圖4-4 人民幣兌歐元與日圓走勢圖（2001-2005）-----------------------------------102 圖4-5 不可能三位一體定理--------------------------------------------------------------137 圖4-6 人民幣NDF(一年期)匯率變化--------------------------------------------------148 圖4-7 人民幣Forward一年期走勢圖---------------------------------------------------150 圖4-8 人民幣壓力指標--------------------------------------------------------------------152 圖5-1 人民幣預期一年升值幅度（Forward）----------------------------------------228 圖5-2 人民幣預期一年升值幅度（NDF）----------------------------------------------229 圖5-3 人民幣壓力指標圖(2006.8-2007.8)---------------------------------------------231 圖5-4 人民幣壓力指標每月增長幅度-------------------------------------------------232 圖5-5 中國外匯占款對其基礎貨幣發行的貢獻率（1994-2007.8）--------------238 圖5-6 人民幣波幅天數比例圖-----------------------------------------------------------252 圖5-7 人民幣波動幅度走勢圖（2005.7.21-2007.7.20）------------------------------253 表目錄表2-1 德國外匯存底、經常帳餘額、FDI與對外投資統計表----------------------43 表2-2 日本對美國進出口統計表：1980-1985-----------------------------------------48 表2-3 日本外匯存底、經常帳餘額、FDI與對外投資統計表----------------------50 表2-4 台灣對美國貿易順差統計表------------------------------------------------------53 表2-5 台灣對美國進出口統計表：1980-1988-----------------------------------------55 表2-6 台灣外匯存底、經常帳餘額、FDI與對外投資統計表---------------------59 表3-1 1952-1978年中國經濟發展-------------------------------------------------------72 表3-2 中國進出口貿易總額---------------------------------------------------------------75 表3-3 1978-2001年中國經濟發展-------------------------------------------------------78 表3-4 中國歷年外匯儲備總表------------------------------------------------------------85 表3-5 中國實際GDP總長率--------------------------------------------------------------88 表3-6 中國貿易餘額與匯率---------------------------------------------------------------91 表4-1 美國就業人數統計表---------------------------------------------------------------97 表4-2 2000-2005年中國對美國、日本與歐盟進出口情況-------------------------105 表4-3 中國外匯存底（1995-2005）-----------------------------------------------------107 表4-4 進入中國的國際熱錢估計（1990-2005）--------------------------------------155 表5-1 2005年中國外匯存底增加量----------------------------------------------------188 表5-2 中國外匯存底（2005-2007.6）---------------------------------------------------189 表5-3 美國與中國貿易均衡統計表-----------------------------------------------------190 表5-4 歐盟對中國與世界貿易均衡統計表-------------------------------------------191 表5-5 日本對中國進出口統計-----------------------------------------------------------192 表5-6 進入中國的國際熱錢估計（2005.1-2007.9）----------------------------------233 表5-7 中國經濟指標-----------------------------------------------------------------------236 表5-8 人民幣波幅統計表（2005.7.21-2007.7.20）-----------------------------------251	zh_TW
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dc.language.iso	en_US	-
dc.source.uri (資料來源)	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922615031	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	人民幣	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	匯率	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	美國	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	國際政治	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	Renminbi	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	Foreign Exchange Rate	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	United States	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	International Politics	en_US
dc.title (題名)	國際政治因素對於匯率體制與政策的影響：以人民幣匯率為例	zh_TW
dc.title (題名)	The Effect of International Politics on Exchange Rate Regime and Policies: the Case of Chinese Currency	en_US
dc.type (資料類型)	thesis	en
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