Publications-Theses

題名 多層級政府財政外部性與最適租稅政策
作者 劉旭峯
貢獻者 曾巨威
劉旭峯
關鍵詞 財政外部性
日期 2003
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 10:55:38 (UTC+8)
摘要 摘 要

「地方財政自主」是現代國家發展的潮流。根據這樣的主張,地方政府可依照轄區內居民的偏好與地區特色制定出適宜之租稅政策、有效地提供公共服務。可是,「地方財政自主」的概念卻會引發中央地方稅基重疊與租稅競爭等問題,促使地方政府錯估課稅的邊際公共資金成本,最後導致整個經濟體系的稅率與支出規模均未達最適水準。

揆諸歐美各國過去施行的經驗,我們發現賦予地方課稅權力可能會引發一些不效率的情況,就租稅面來看,大略可分為水平面的租稅競爭與垂直面的稅基重疊兩大問題。而Hoyt(2001)一文主要探討中央地方稅基重疊所產生的問題,他舉一多重稅基、兩級政府的經濟體系為例,說明稅基重疊程度的差異對政府財政決策所造成之扭曲。

本文以Hoyt(2001)文章為基礎,並考量租稅競爭與支出外部性等因素,讓整個模型更為貼近現實世界,使得最後之結論更具說服力。本文研究結果發現中央地方稅基完全重疊時,政策制定者均會依照最適課稅法則來決定稅率,而中央地方資源配置的相對情形則會呈現不確定的狀態。至於當地方稅基受限時,Hoyt(2001)認為支出面失衡即反應稅收面亦遭受扭曲的說法也不再成立。最後,我們則是探討中央應如何設計補助制度才能消除地方課稅所產生之財政外部性。
參考文獻 參考文獻
Boadway, R. and Keen M.(1996)”Efficiency and the Optimal Direction of Federal-State Transfers.” International Tax and Public Finance 3:137-155.
Dahlby, B.(1996)”Fiscal Externalities and the Design of Government Grants.” International Tax and Public Finance 3:397-412.
Dahlby, B. and L. S. Wilson(1998)”Vertical Fiscal Externalities and the Under-Provision of Productivity-Enhancing Activities by State Governments.” Mimeo. University of Alberta. Edmonton, Alberta.
Dahlby, B., Mintz, J. and Wilson, S. (2000)”The Deductibility of Provincial Business Taxes in a Federation with Vertical Fiscal Externalities.” Canadian Journal of Economics, Vol.33, No.3,677-694.
Esteller-More and Sole-Olle (2001)”Vertical Income Tax Externalities and Fiscal Interdependence: Evidence from the US.” Regional Science and Urban Economics, 31,247-272.
Flochel, L. and Madies, T.(2002)”Interjurisdictional Tax Competition in a Federal System of Overlapping Revenue Maximizing Governments.” International Tax and Public Finance 9:121-141.
Goodspeed, T.J. (2000)”Tax Structure in a Federation.” Journal of Public Economics, 75, 3,493-506.
Goodspeed, T.J. (2002)”Tax Competition and Tax Structure in Open Federal Economies: Evidence from OECD Countries with Implications for the European Union.” European Economic Review, 46, 357-374.
Hoyt, W. H. (2001)”Tax Policy Coordination, Vertical Externalities, and Optimal Taxation in a System of Hierarchial Governments.” Journal of Urban Economics,50,491-516.
Johnson, W. R.(1988)”Income Redistribution in a Federal System.” American Economic Review, 78 (3):570-573.
Keen, M. (1998)”Vertical Tax Externalities in the Theory of Fiscal Federalism.” IMF Staff Papers, Vol.45, No.3, 454-485.
Keen, M. and Kotsgiannis, C.(2002)”Does Federalism Lead to Excessively High Taxes?” The American Economic Review, 92(1):363-370.
Wilson, J. D. (1999)”Theories of Tax Competition.” National Tax Journal, 52(2), 269-304.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財政研究所
90255016
92
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090255016
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 曾巨威zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 劉旭峯zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 劉旭峯zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2003en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 10:55:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 10:55:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 10:55:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0090255016en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34687-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財政研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 90255016zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 摘 要

「地方財政自主」是現代國家發展的潮流。根據這樣的主張,地方政府可依照轄區內居民的偏好與地區特色制定出適宜之租稅政策、有效地提供公共服務。可是,「地方財政自主」的概念卻會引發中央地方稅基重疊與租稅競爭等問題,促使地方政府錯估課稅的邊際公共資金成本,最後導致整個經濟體系的稅率與支出規模均未達最適水準。

揆諸歐美各國過去施行的經驗,我們發現賦予地方課稅權力可能會引發一些不效率的情況,就租稅面來看,大略可分為水平面的租稅競爭與垂直面的稅基重疊兩大問題。而Hoyt(2001)一文主要探討中央地方稅基重疊所產生的問題,他舉一多重稅基、兩級政府的經濟體系為例,說明稅基重疊程度的差異對政府財政決策所造成之扭曲。

本文以Hoyt(2001)文章為基礎,並考量租稅競爭與支出外部性等因素,讓整個模型更為貼近現實世界,使得最後之結論更具說服力。本文研究結果發現中央地方稅基完全重疊時,政策制定者均會依照最適課稅法則來決定稅率,而中央地方資源配置的相對情形則會呈現不確定的狀態。至於當地方稅基受限時,Hoyt(2001)認為支出面失衡即反應稅收面亦遭受扭曲的說法也不再成立。最後,我們則是探討中央應如何設計補助制度才能消除地方課稅所產生之財政外部性。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目 錄
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………… 1
第一節 研究動機與目的…………………………………… 1
第二節 研究方法…………………………………………… 2
第三節 本文架構…………………………………………… 5

第二章 文獻回顧………………………………………………… 6

第三章 基本模型介紹…………………………………………… 14
第一節 單一政府的課稅政策……………………………… 14
第二節 稅基完全重疊下之租稅政策……………………… 15
第三節 地方稅基受限下之租稅政策……………………… 19
第四節 搭配配合補助與均等補助制度之租稅政策……… 21
第五節 模型特色與貢獻…………………………………… 24

第四章 垂直外部性、租稅競爭及最適租稅…………………… 26
第一節 跨區購買行為與稅基完全重疊…………………… 27
第二節 租稅競爭與地方稅基受限………………………… 31
第三節 租稅外部性與政府間移轉制度…………………… 35

第五章 租稅外部性、支出外部性及最適租稅………………… 39
第一節 稅基完全重疊下之總合分析……………………… 39
第二節 支出外部性與地方稅基下之租稅政策…………… 43
第三節 支出外部性與移轉制度之設計…………………… 46

第六章 結論……………………………………………………… 51
參考文獻…………………………………………………………… 53

圖表目次

圖1 擴充Hoyt(2001)模型流程圖………………………… 4
表1 結論比較表……………………………………………… 53
zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090255016en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 財政外部性zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 多層級政府財政外部性與最適租稅政策zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Boadway, R. and Keen M.(1996)”Efficiency and the Optimal Direction of Federal-State Transfers.” International Tax and Public Finance 3:137-155.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dahlby, B.(1996)”Fiscal Externalities and the Design of Government Grants.” International Tax and Public Finance 3:397-412.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dahlby, B. and L. S. Wilson(1998)”Vertical Fiscal Externalities and the Under-Provision of Productivity-Enhancing Activities by State Governments.” Mimeo. University of Alberta. Edmonton, Alberta.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dahlby, B., Mintz, J. and Wilson, S. (2000)”The Deductibility of Provincial Business Taxes in a Federation with Vertical Fiscal Externalities.” Canadian Journal of Economics, Vol.33, No.3,677-694.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Esteller-More and Sole-Olle (2001)”Vertical Income Tax Externalities and Fiscal Interdependence: Evidence from the US.” Regional Science and Urban Economics, 31,247-272.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Flochel, L. and Madies, T.(2002)”Interjurisdictional Tax Competition in a Federal System of Overlapping Revenue Maximizing Governments.” International Tax and Public Finance 9:121-141.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Goodspeed, T.J. (2000)”Tax Structure in a Federation.” Journal of Public Economics, 75, 3,493-506.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Goodspeed, T.J. (2002)”Tax Competition and Tax Structure in Open Federal Economies: Evidence from OECD Countries with Implications for the European Union.” European Economic Review, 46, 357-374.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hoyt, W. H. (2001)”Tax Policy Coordination, Vertical Externalities, and Optimal Taxation in a System of Hierarchial Governments.” Journal of Urban Economics,50,491-516.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Johnson, W. R.(1988)”Income Redistribution in a Federal System.” American Economic Review, 78 (3):570-573.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Keen, M. (1998)”Vertical Tax Externalities in the Theory of Fiscal Federalism.” IMF Staff Papers, Vol.45, No.3, 454-485.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Keen, M. and Kotsgiannis, C.(2002)”Does Federalism Lead to Excessively High Taxes?” The American Economic Review, 92(1):363-370.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wilson, J. D. (1999)”Theories of Tax Competition.” National Tax Journal, 52(2), 269-304.zh_TW