Publications-Theses

題名 兩岸品牌個性之跨文化比較-以報紙廣告為例
作者 吳祉芸
Wu, Chih-yun
貢獻者 別蓮蒂
Bei, Lien-ti
吳祉芸
Wu, Chih-yun
關鍵詞 品牌個性
內容分析法
跨文化比較
自我概念
日期 2002
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 13:24:07 (UTC+8)
摘要 自一九七O年代起,品牌個性成為研究的焦點,有越來越多學者探討此項議題;實務界更是廣泛地運用。

歷來研究中以品牌個性構面的建立為最具完整架構,學者多從消費者的角度出發;然而,文化差異對品牌個性有很大的影響,但過去相關研究卻不多,又廣告之中包含豐富的品牌個性及文化訊息,於此,本文參考過去學者提出的構面,利用廣告研究,進行品牌個性的跨文化比較。

本文首次由廣告呈現的角度出發,補過去研究之不足;而藉由廣告所傳遞的豐富訊息,可以尋找華人企業偏好的品牌個性,比較兩岸文化及品牌個性呈現的差異,探討產品類別對品牌個性的影響,並連結消費者自我概念與品牌個性之間的關係,由觀察的現象中深入分析策略意涵,可供實務界作參考。

研究設計方面,本文針對兩岸廣告,橫跨1996至2001共六年期間,以報紙為抽樣對象,台灣地區選擇中國時報,大陸地區選擇文匯報,共得864則廣告,利用內容分析法,粹取其中的品牌個性及文化概念,再進行統計分析,比較兩岸之間以及產品類別間的差異,結果發現如下:

1.兩岸品牌個性的呈現有差異,台灣偏重品牌的人性面,大陸則較重視產品的功能性。

2.品牌個性各構面間呈現比例亦有差異,出現頻率較高的構面,可能較容易為消費者所感知,或反映出消費者偏好。

3.品牌個性與文化之間具有相關性,其方向有正有負,正相關意味著該文化傾向愈高,應強調該個性構面的呈現,反之亦然,值得廠商參考,隨著不同地區的文化差異而調整其品牌個性的塑造。

4.不同產品廣告的品牌個性呈現則大異其趣,亦即產品類別對品牌個性有影響。大致而言,利益產品較重視「稱職」構面的展現,價值產品則著重人性面;廠商在塑造品牌個性時也應考慮攸關的產品特性。

5.品牌個性與自我概念的關係很密切,本文初探兩者相關性,發現確有關聯存在:「平和」、「純真」與「真實我」呈顯著正相關;「刺激」、「稱職」、「教養」則與「理想我」呈顯著正相關,反映出兩個自我實為相對的概念;然其確切影響方向,甚至是其他變數的調節作用,則值得作進一步探討。
Since the 1970s, “brand personality” has become a popular issue, which was discussed by many scholars and widely used in business practice.

Most scholars studied this topic from the consumer’s point of view, and the framework of brand personality dimensions has been most completely worked out. However, culture differences had great influence on brand personality, but there were limited studies that focused on this issue. Since advertisements contained sufficient information of culture and brand personality, this study intended to make a cross-cultural comparison of brand personality by referring to the brand personality dimensions found by previous researchers and performing advertisement research.

The purposes of this study are to compare the differences of brand personality between Taiwan and Mainland China, to investigate the influence of product category on brand personality, and to combine “self concept” with brand personality. Compiling the dimensions studied by previous scholars for coding indicators, this study uses content analysis to make this study. Not only does this study fulfill the scope of brand personality analysis, it also provides insights for building brand strategies and entering the market in China.

The samples are newspaper advertisements from 1996 to 2001. China Times in Taiwan and Shang-Hai Wen-Hui Bao in Mainland China are chosen. There is a total of 864 advertisements. After statistics analysis, the results are listed as the following:

1.To the appearance of brand personality, ads in Taiwan show more humanity, while those in Mainland China emphasize on product functions.

2.There are different proportions between the representations of dimensions. Those dimensions with higher frequencies may be easily perceived by consumers or may more appealing to them.

3.Relationships exist between brand personality and culture. Positive relationship means certain dimension should be emphasized when the relative culture tendency is higher.

4.There exists a great difference in brand personality between product categories: the “utilitarian-expressive” products emphasize on “competence” dimension, while the “value-expressive” products show more humanity.

5.Brand personality is closely related with “self-concept”: “peacefulness” and “sincerity” are positively related to “actual self,” while the other three dimensions are positive related to “ideal self.” This study discusses this issue for the first time; however, further studies are needed to investigate the moderating effects.
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英文部份
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·Biel, Alexander L. (1992). “How Brand Image Drives Brand Equity,” Journal of Advertising Research, 32(Nov.), 6-12.
·Birdwell, Al E. (1968). “A Study of the Influence of Image Congruence on Consumer Choice,” Journal of Business, 41(1), 76-88.
·Blackett, Tom (1988). “Researching Brand Names,” Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 6(3), 5-8.
·Carr, Steven D. (1996). “The Cult of Brand Personality,” Marketing News, 30(May), 4-6.
·Cheng, Hong & Schweitzer, John C. (1996). “Cultural Values Reflected in Chinese and U. S. Televisions Commercials,” Journal of Advertising Research, 36(3), 27-45.
·Culter, Bob D. & Javalgi, Rajshekhar G. (1992). “A Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Visual Components of Print Advertising: The United States and the European Community,” Journal of Advertising Research, 32(Jan./Feb.), 71-80.
·Digman, John M. (1990). “Personality Structure: Emergence of the Five-Factor Model,” in Annual Review of Psychology, M. Rosenzweig & L. W. Porter, eds. Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews, Inc., 417-40.
·Douglas, Mary & Isherwood, Baron (Eds.)(1978). The World of Goods: Towards an Anthropology of Consumption, New York: Norton.
·Dubbof, Robert S. (1986). “Brands, Like People, Have Personality,” Marketing News, 20(Jan.), p.8.
·Epstein, Seymour (1977). “Traits Are Alive and Well,” in Personality at the Crossroads, D. Magnusson & N. S. Endler, eds. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 83-98.
·Fournier, Susan (1994). A Consumer-Brand Relationship Framework for Strategy Brand Management. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida.
·Gardner, Burleigh B. & Levy, Sidney J. (1955). “The Product and the Brand,” Harvard Business Review, 33(April), 33-39.
·Gensch, Dennis H. (1978). “Image-Management Segmentation,” Journal of Marketing Research, 15(3), 384-94.
·Guilford, J. P. (1973). “On Personality,” in Readings in Personality, H. N. Mischel & W. Mischel, eds. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, 22-23.
·Haley, Russell L., Richardson, Jack, & Baldwin, Beth M. (1984). “The Effects of Nonverbal Communications in Television Advertising,” Journal of Advertising Research, 24, 11-18.
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·Hofstede, Geert (1984). Culture’s Consequence, London: Sage Publications, 15-20.
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·Kassarjian, Harold H. (1971). “Personality and Consumer Behavior: A Review,” Journal of Marketing Research, 8(Nov.), 409-18.
·Keller, Kevin L. (1993). “Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity,” Journal of Marketing, 57(Jan.), 1-22.
·Kuhns, William J. (1970). Waysteps to Eden: Ads and Commercials, New York: Herder and Herder.
·Lasch, Christopher (1979). The Culture of Narcissism: American Life in an Age of Diminishing Expectations, New York: W. W. Norton.
·Lears, T. J. Jackson (1983). “From Salvation to Self-Realization: Advertising and the Therapeutic Roots of the Consumer Culture, 1880-1930.” in The Culture of Consumption: Critical Essays in American History, Richard W. Fox & T. J. Jackson Lears, eds., New York: Pantheon, 3-38.
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·Macrae, Chris (1991). World Class Brands, Wokingham, England: Addison-Wesley.
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·Paunonen, Sampo V., Jackson, Douglas N., Trzebinski, J., & Fersterling, F. (1992). “Personality Structure Across Cultures: A Multi-method Evaluation,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62(3), 447-456.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所
90355033
91
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090355033
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 別蓮蒂zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Bei, Lien-tien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 吳祉芸zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Wu, Chih-yunen_US
dc.creator (作者) 吳祉芸zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Wu, Chih-yunen_US
dc.date (日期) 2002en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 13:24:07 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 13:24:07 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 13:24:07 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0090355033en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34949-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 90355033zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 自一九七O年代起,品牌個性成為研究的焦點,有越來越多學者探討此項議題;實務界更是廣泛地運用。

歷來研究中以品牌個性構面的建立為最具完整架構,學者多從消費者的角度出發;然而,文化差異對品牌個性有很大的影響,但過去相關研究卻不多,又廣告之中包含豐富的品牌個性及文化訊息,於此,本文參考過去學者提出的構面,利用廣告研究,進行品牌個性的跨文化比較。

本文首次由廣告呈現的角度出發,補過去研究之不足;而藉由廣告所傳遞的豐富訊息,可以尋找華人企業偏好的品牌個性,比較兩岸文化及品牌個性呈現的差異,探討產品類別對品牌個性的影響,並連結消費者自我概念與品牌個性之間的關係,由觀察的現象中深入分析策略意涵,可供實務界作參考。

研究設計方面,本文針對兩岸廣告,橫跨1996至2001共六年期間,以報紙為抽樣對象,台灣地區選擇中國時報,大陸地區選擇文匯報,共得864則廣告,利用內容分析法,粹取其中的品牌個性及文化概念,再進行統計分析,比較兩岸之間以及產品類別間的差異,結果發現如下:

1.兩岸品牌個性的呈現有差異,台灣偏重品牌的人性面,大陸則較重視產品的功能性。

2.品牌個性各構面間呈現比例亦有差異,出現頻率較高的構面,可能較容易為消費者所感知,或反映出消費者偏好。

3.品牌個性與文化之間具有相關性,其方向有正有負,正相關意味著該文化傾向愈高,應強調該個性構面的呈現,反之亦然,值得廠商參考,隨著不同地區的文化差異而調整其品牌個性的塑造。

4.不同產品廣告的品牌個性呈現則大異其趣,亦即產品類別對品牌個性有影響。大致而言,利益產品較重視「稱職」構面的展現,價值產品則著重人性面;廠商在塑造品牌個性時也應考慮攸關的產品特性。

5.品牌個性與自我概念的關係很密切,本文初探兩者相關性,發現確有關聯存在:「平和」、「純真」與「真實我」呈顯著正相關;「刺激」、「稱職」、「教養」則與「理想我」呈顯著正相關,反映出兩個自我實為相對的概念;然其確切影響方向,甚至是其他變數的調節作用,則值得作進一步探討。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Since the 1970s, “brand personality” has become a popular issue, which was discussed by many scholars and widely used in business practice.

Most scholars studied this topic from the consumer’s point of view, and the framework of brand personality dimensions has been most completely worked out. However, culture differences had great influence on brand personality, but there were limited studies that focused on this issue. Since advertisements contained sufficient information of culture and brand personality, this study intended to make a cross-cultural comparison of brand personality by referring to the brand personality dimensions found by previous researchers and performing advertisement research.

The purposes of this study are to compare the differences of brand personality between Taiwan and Mainland China, to investigate the influence of product category on brand personality, and to combine “self concept” with brand personality. Compiling the dimensions studied by previous scholars for coding indicators, this study uses content analysis to make this study. Not only does this study fulfill the scope of brand personality analysis, it also provides insights for building brand strategies and entering the market in China.

The samples are newspaper advertisements from 1996 to 2001. China Times in Taiwan and Shang-Hai Wen-Hui Bao in Mainland China are chosen. There is a total of 864 advertisements. After statistics analysis, the results are listed as the following:

1.To the appearance of brand personality, ads in Taiwan show more humanity, while those in Mainland China emphasize on product functions.

2.There are different proportions between the representations of dimensions. Those dimensions with higher frequencies may be easily perceived by consumers or may more appealing to them.

3.Relationships exist between brand personality and culture. Positive relationship means certain dimension should be emphasized when the relative culture tendency is higher.

4.There exists a great difference in brand personality between product categories: the “utilitarian-expressive” products emphasize on “competence” dimension, while the “value-expressive” products show more humanity.

5.Brand personality is closely related with “self-concept”: “peacefulness” and “sincerity” are positively related to “actual self,” while the other three dimensions are positive related to “ideal self.” This study discusses this issue for the first time; however, further studies are needed to investigate the moderating effects.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、研究動機與目的 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 4

第二章、文獻探討 5
第一節 品牌個性 5
第二節 品牌個性的衡量及構面 17
第三節 自我概念與品牌身份 28
第四節 廣告、品牌個性與文化 36

第三章、研究方法 47
第一節 研究架構 47
第二節 研究設計 48
第三節 抽樣方法 49
第四節 編碼方式與準則 50

第四章、統計結果與分析 66
第一節 信度分析 66
第二節 版面描述與產品類別分析 68
第三節 品牌個性描述 73
第四節 品牌個性子構面之項目相關性 111
第五節 地區別與產品類別對品牌個性呈現之效果檢定 117
第六節 文化與品牌個性之關聯 129
第七節 自我概念 137
第八節 廣告主題 142

第五章、結論與建議 147
第一節 結論與貢獻 147
第二節 管理涵義 155
第三節 研究限制與後續研究建議 159

【參考文獻】 161
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090355033en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 品牌個性zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 內容分析法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 跨文化比較zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自我概念zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 兩岸品牌個性之跨文化比較-以報紙廣告為例zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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