學術產出-Theses

題名 台灣文化創意產業經營之研究
作者 林奎佑
Lin, Yufu
貢獻者 李仁芳
Lee, Jen-Fang
林奎佑
Lin, Yufu
關鍵詞 文化創意
完工保證
守門人
彈性專業化
創業財務
高概念
國際分工
cultural creativity
completion bond/completion guarantee
gatekeeper
flexible specialization
entrepreneurial finance
high concept
co-production
日期 2004
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 14:58:08 (UTC+8)
摘要   文化創意產業乃近年來政府所大力推動的重點產業,儘管文化究係一種「服務」或「產業」,爭議頗多,然而睽諸世界先進國家,如英國設有事權統一之文化媒體體育部(The Department of Culture, Media and Sport)職司全英文化政策之擬訂,並以發行彩券部份收入,鼓勵新穎多元之創作;再如丹麥政府早就發現企業界和文化界的語言渾然不同,發現國家需要教育課程來訓練學生如何經營文化事業,這包括建立對整個產業的知識,能夠斡旋協調、解決衝突,並擁有處理預算、智慧財產權、合約及版稅的能力,於是當務之急,是希望商學院可以把注意力多放在文化界的發展潛力上,增加相關主題、課程和所謂「第三級教育」的訓練;澳洲則就文化產業核心,從精英藝術與社區藝術之論述,進一步發展到休閒與娛樂;其文化態度,亦跳脫文化公民權之爭論,邁入文化消費期。凡此種種,皆從發展文化創意「產業」之角度,作為施政方針。
  反觀台灣文化創意產業之經營環境日益艱困,至今未有事權統一之「文化部」,文化創意政府分工上,教育部獨置身事外以及至今未能建立諸如好萊塢的「完工保證」制度以吸引投資者等,因此本研究所欲探討之主題計有四項:
1.文化創意產特質為何?與過去台灣所擅長的製造業的價值鏈、商業模式等,有何不同?
2.政府政策之制訂與產業界之需求,其緊密度為何?是否尚有政策調整之空間與方向?
3.文化創意產業之經營者係一「守門人」之角色,此守門人之角色如何整合「線上成本」與「線下成本」中之各個成員角色,在「彈性專業化」的合作關係中,形成一種商業模式?
4.文化創意人普遍缺乏避險觀念,因此如何「以銷定產」,透過「創業財務」理論,經由「高概念」與「國際分工」募集資金,迴避風險,是為本研究所要深入探討的主題。
The idea of developing cultural and creative industries has been putting forward by the government in recent years even though the arguments of culture being as a service or an industry remains disputable. However, policymakers in more advanced countries have moved beyond the debate and recognized the importance of the industries at different level: The United Kingdom sets up the Department of Culture, Media and Sport as the solo division in charge of policy formulation. Part of the income from National Lottery is devoted to encourage creation; Being aware of the differences between business professionals and creative talents, Denmark educates students with the know-how of cultural industry management, including the skills of negotiation and conflict solving and the abilities to deal with budget, copyright, contract and royalties. It also urges business schools to enhance entrepreneurial potential by adding more topics, classes and so-called “tertiary education” to their curriculums. Australia, on the other hand, has extended the core value of culture and creative industries from elite and community arts to recreation and entertainment. It has moved from the phrase of debating cultural citizenship into cultural consumption. With reference to the experience of other countries, we can conclude that culture and creativity sectors should be considered as “industries” rather than “services” for policy measures.
On contrary, the business environment has become difficult for the cultural and creative sectors in Taiwan. There’s no one single government entity to take account of cul-tural factors and attach greater importance to promoting the development of cultural indus-tries in the course of policy formulation and implementation; Ministry of Education has not partake in studying the vision for development and direction for the industries; Lacking of completion guarantees leaves investors with big doubts and consequently hider the estab-lishment of finance resources. To solve the above-mentioned issues, this research will fo-cus on:
1.The characteristics of cultural/creative industries. How are they different from the value chains and business models of manufacturing that has dominated Taiwan`s industrial sector?
2.The gaps between current policies and the real needs of the industries. What can be done to favor the development of the sectors? Any adjustment to make or ap-proach to establish?
3.The role of decision makers in cultural/creative industries as “gatekeepers.” How do they control the above and below the line costs and utilizing the concept of flexible specialization to manage their businesses?
4.The sales and marketing of creative products. Traditionally, creative talents have little knowledge on risk control. How to develop new products or services in the context of existing provision in the market? How to avoid risk and raise money by bringing in the notion of “high concept” and “co-production” in filmmaking?
參考文獻 英文部分:
“BusinessWeek”,,Asian Edition, January 10-17,2005
Alan Deutschcman, “The Second coming of Steve Jobs”, New York, Broadway Books , 2000
Andrew S. Grove, ” Only the Paranoid Survive: How to Exploit the Crisis Points That Challenge Every Company and Career.”, New York, published by Doubleday, 1996.
Bonnie Orr, “High Concept”, “Screentalk”, website: http://www.screentalk.biz/art043.htm
By Ronald Grover, “Multibillion Dollar Baby”, FEBRUARY 24, 2005
De Cordova, R. “ Picture Personalities:The Emergence of the Star System in America.”, Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1990
Dept. of Commerce, “U.S.A.,“Film Industry Report--The Impact of the Migration of U.S. Film and Television Production”Washington”, 2001/3/22. website: http://www.ita.doc.gov/media/filmreport.html
Andrew Zolli,“TehTV’s Catalog of Tomorrow”,U.S.A.,2002.
Henry Mintzberg,”Mangers not MBAs--A hard look at the soft practice of managing and management development”, San Francisco, Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc, 2004
Klaprat Cathy, “The Star as Market Strategy”, in T. Balio(ed.)(1985)The American Film Industry, Madison, University of Wisconsin Press; 1985
Richard Koch,“The 80/20 Principle: The Secret of Achieving More with Less”, London, Nicholas Brealey Ltd., 1977
Ryan Mathews & Watts Wacker, “The Deviant’s Advantage: How to Use Fringe Ideas to Create Mass Markets”, New York, Three Rivers Press,2002
Thomas H. Davenport & John C. Beck, “The Attention Economy — Understanding the New Currency of Business”, Boston, Harvard Business Press, 2001.
中文部分:
1. 中文期刊:
《e天下雜誌》,2003年10月
《商業周刊》,台北市,892期,2004.12.27→2005.1.2
《數位時代雙週》,台北市,第58期
曾寶璐、賀先蕙,〈根本哲學〉,《商業周刊》,台北市,896期
經濟日報,2005年5月25日
2. 中文翻譯書:
B. Joseph Pine II & James H. Gilmore, “The Experience Economy”, 夏業良、魯煒譯,《體驗經濟時代》, 台北巿, 經濟新潮社, 2003。
Bruno S. Frey, “Arts & Economics—Analysis & Culture Policy”, 蔡宜真、林秀玲譯, 《當藝術遇上經濟──個案分析與文化政策》, 台北市, 典藏藝術家出版, 2003年, 初版
David Caves, “Creative Industries:-Contracts between Art and Commence”, 謝安琪審定, 仲曉玲、徐子超譯,《文化創意產業──以契約達成藝術與商業的媒合》,台北市,典藏藝術家庭股份有限公司, 2003年, 初版
David Caves, “Creative Industries:-Contracts between Art and Commence”, 謝安琪審定,仲曉玲、徐子超譯,《文化創意產業──以契約達成藝術與商業的媒合》, 台北市, 典藏藝術家庭股份有限公司, 2003年,初版
David Throspy, “Economics and Culture”, 張維倫等譯, 《文化經濟學》, 台北市, 典藏藝術家庭出版, 初版, 2003
Dorothy Leonard-Barton,《知識創新之泉:智價企業的經營》, 王美音譯, 台北市, 遠流出版, 1998
Dr. Richard A. D’Aveni, “Hypercompetition—Managing the Dynamics of Strategic Maneuvering”, 許梅芳譯,《超優勢競爭──新時代的動態爭理論與應用》, 台北市, 遠流出版, 1998
G. Ellis Bureeaw, “Introduction to Museum Work”, 張譽勝博士審訂,《博物館這一行》, 台北市, 五觀藝術管理, 2000
Jared Diamond, 廖月娟譯, 《槍砲、疾病與鋼鐵:人類社會的命運》, 初版, 時報文化, 1998
John Howkins, “The Creative Economy: How People Make Money from Idea”, 李璞良譯, 《創意經濟》, 台北市, 典藏藝術家庭出版, 初版, 2004
John Sorrell,李俊明譯,《創意之島》,台北巿,五觀藝術,2004
Ken Belson, “Hello Kitty—The remarkable Story of Sanrio and the Billon Dollar Feline Phenomenon”, 周亞南譯,《Hello Kitty──三麗鷗創造全球億萬商機的策略》, 台北市, 商周出版, 2004, 初版
Lester C. Thurow, “Building Wealth—The New Rules for Indivduals, Companies and Natioans in a Knowledge-Based Economy”, 齊思賢譯,《知識經濟時代》, 台北巿, 時報文化, 2000
Paul McDonald, “The Star System—Hollywood’s Production of Popular identies”, 馬斌、鄒念祖譯,《明星夢工廠--炒作好萊塢流行人物》, 台北巿,書林出版有限公司, 2003, 一版
Review Interviews with CEOs,台北市,天下遠見出版,2004
Robb Walsh, “Are You Really Going To Eat That?”, 薛絢譯, 《吃的大冒險》, 台北市, 大塊文化
Seth Shulman, “Owing the Future”, 吳書榆譯,《知識的戰爭》, 台北巿, 聯經出版社, 2001年
Stewart Black & Hal B. Gregersen, “Leading Strategic Change: Breaking Through the Brain Barrier” , 溫瑞芯譯,《變革地圖》,初版, 台北市,培生教育出版, 2004年
Thomas A. Stewart, “The Wealth of Knowledge—Intellectual Capital and the Twenty-first Century Organization”, 蔣雪芬譯,《知識煉金術》, 台北市, 遠流, 2004年
Toby Miller, Nitin Goveil, John Mcmurria and Richard Maxwell, “Global Hollywood”, 馮建三譯,《全球好萊塢》(),台北市,巨流,2003,初版
Tom Kelley著,Jonathan Littman協作,徐鋒志譯,《IDEA物語:全球領導設計公司IDEO的秘笈》,台北巿,大塊文化,2002
William J. Byrnes, “Management and the arts”, 桂雅文、閻惠群譯, 《藝術管理這一行》, 台北巿, 五觀藝術管理, 2004
大前研一著,王德玲,蔣雪芬譯,《看不見的新大陸-知識經濟的四大策略》, “The Invisible Continent—Four Strategic Imperatives of the New Economy”,台北市,天下雜誌股份有限公司出版,2001。
丹麥文化部、貿易產業部著,(Denmark’s Creative Potential),李璞良、林怡君譯,《丹麥的創意潛力》,台北市,典藏藝術家庭,2003
花建,《文化+創意=財富:全世界最快速致富產業的經營KNOW-HOW》,帝國文化出版社,台北市,2003
長澤伸也著,《LV時尚王國》,鄭雅云、劉錦秀譯,商周出版,台北巿,2004
瑪格瑞塔等著,譚天譯,《哈佛商業評論精選──探訪CEO》(Harvard Business
3. 研究論文與報告:
李仁芳、張文騰,電影《The Lord of the Rings》之組織創新研究,政治大學科技管理研究所,Working Paper,2004
財團法人亞太綜合研究院,高雄市政府新聞處委託研究,《高雄市推動數位影像產業營運之可行性評估﹣﹣期末報告》,高雄市,2005
楊克隆,指導教授莊萬壽,台灣流行歌曲研究,台灣師範大學國文研究所碩士論文.1998.06
4. 政府出版品:
行政文化建設委員會,吳惠林計畫主持,《文化統計》,台北市,2002
行政院文化建設委員會,《2004文化白皮書》,初版,台北市,2004年
行政院經濟建設委員會,《文化創意產業概況分析調查》,2002年12月,p.45
行政院經濟部數位內容產業推動辦公室編撰,《2004台灣數位內容產業白皮書》,經濟部工業局發行,台北巿,2005
劉大和,〈文化創意產業的社會經濟意義〉,《文化創意產業》,行政院文化建設委員會發行,台北市,2004
5. 一般出版品:
侯東成,〈廣告業的自我組織邏輯〉,張苙雲主編,《文化產業﹣﹣文化生產的結構分析》,台北巿,遠流出版社,2000
洪懿妍著,《創新引擎──工研究:台灣產業成功的推手》,台北市,天下雜誌,初版,2003
夏學理、陳尚盈、羅皓恩、王瓊英編著,《文化巿場與藝術票房》,台北巿,初版,五南圖書出版股份有限公司,2003。
梁中偉,〈一顆重量級炸彈──「大長今」的衝擊〉,《遠見雜誌》,2004年10月1日,www.gvm.com.tw,p.200
陳郁秀,〈文化創意創發展計畫〉,《文化創意產業》,台北巿,文建會case網路學院編印,行政院文化建設委員會發行,2004
黃福瑞,《從矽谷到好萊塢:企業的e化與E化》,台北縣,中國生產力,2003
羅曼菲口述,孫筱景整理,〈走向全民舞蹈的時代〉,《創意島嶼狂想曲-2050願景台灣》,陳陏秀、劉育東策畫主持,台北巿
蔡昭儀,《全球古根漢效應》,台北市,典藏藝術家庭,2004。
6. 網路文章:
李素華,《美國技術移轉相關立法與機制之簡介》 ,資策會科法中心,1999,website: http://www.st-pioneer.org.tw/modules.php?name=magazine&pa=showpage&tid=1005
行政院新聞局九十三年度國產電影片輔導金辦理要點(修正版),website: http://info.gio.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=19973&ctNode=1251
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
92932902
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0092932902
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 李仁芳zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lee, Jen-Fangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林奎佑zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Yufuen_US
dc.creator (作者) 林奎佑zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lin, Yufuen_US
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 14:58:08 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 14:58:08 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 14:58:08 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0092932902en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/35417-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92932902zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)   文化創意產業乃近年來政府所大力推動的重點產業,儘管文化究係一種「服務」或「產業」,爭議頗多,然而睽諸世界先進國家,如英國設有事權統一之文化媒體體育部(The Department of Culture, Media and Sport)職司全英文化政策之擬訂,並以發行彩券部份收入,鼓勵新穎多元之創作;再如丹麥政府早就發現企業界和文化界的語言渾然不同,發現國家需要教育課程來訓練學生如何經營文化事業,這包括建立對整個產業的知識,能夠斡旋協調、解決衝突,並擁有處理預算、智慧財產權、合約及版稅的能力,於是當務之急,是希望商學院可以把注意力多放在文化界的發展潛力上,增加相關主題、課程和所謂「第三級教育」的訓練;澳洲則就文化產業核心,從精英藝術與社區藝術之論述,進一步發展到休閒與娛樂;其文化態度,亦跳脫文化公民權之爭論,邁入文化消費期。凡此種種,皆從發展文化創意「產業」之角度,作為施政方針。
  反觀台灣文化創意產業之經營環境日益艱困,至今未有事權統一之「文化部」,文化創意政府分工上,教育部獨置身事外以及至今未能建立諸如好萊塢的「完工保證」制度以吸引投資者等,因此本研究所欲探討之主題計有四項:
1.文化創意產特質為何?與過去台灣所擅長的製造業的價值鏈、商業模式等,有何不同?
2.政府政策之制訂與產業界之需求,其緊密度為何?是否尚有政策調整之空間與方向?
3.文化創意產業之經營者係一「守門人」之角色,此守門人之角色如何整合「線上成本」與「線下成本」中之各個成員角色,在「彈性專業化」的合作關係中,形成一種商業模式?
4.文化創意人普遍缺乏避險觀念,因此如何「以銷定產」,透過「創業財務」理論,經由「高概念」與「國際分工」募集資金,迴避風險,是為本研究所要深入探討的主題。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The idea of developing cultural and creative industries has been putting forward by the government in recent years even though the arguments of culture being as a service or an industry remains disputable. However, policymakers in more advanced countries have moved beyond the debate and recognized the importance of the industries at different level: The United Kingdom sets up the Department of Culture, Media and Sport as the solo division in charge of policy formulation. Part of the income from National Lottery is devoted to encourage creation; Being aware of the differences between business professionals and creative talents, Denmark educates students with the know-how of cultural industry management, including the skills of negotiation and conflict solving and the abilities to deal with budget, copyright, contract and royalties. It also urges business schools to enhance entrepreneurial potential by adding more topics, classes and so-called “tertiary education” to their curriculums. Australia, on the other hand, has extended the core value of culture and creative industries from elite and community arts to recreation and entertainment. It has moved from the phrase of debating cultural citizenship into cultural consumption. With reference to the experience of other countries, we can conclude that culture and creativity sectors should be considered as “industries” rather than “services” for policy measures.
On contrary, the business environment has become difficult for the cultural and creative sectors in Taiwan. There’s no one single government entity to take account of cul-tural factors and attach greater importance to promoting the development of cultural indus-tries in the course of policy formulation and implementation; Ministry of Education has not partake in studying the vision for development and direction for the industries; Lacking of completion guarantees leaves investors with big doubts and consequently hider the estab-lishment of finance resources. To solve the above-mentioned issues, this research will fo-cus on:
1.The characteristics of cultural/creative industries. How are they different from the value chains and business models of manufacturing that has dominated Taiwan`s industrial sector?
2.The gaps between current policies and the real needs of the industries. What can be done to favor the development of the sectors? Any adjustment to make or ap-proach to establish?
3.The role of decision makers in cultural/creative industries as “gatekeepers.” How do they control the above and below the line costs and utilizing the concept of flexible specialization to manage their businesses?
4.The sales and marketing of creative products. Traditionally, creative talents have little knowledge on risk control. How to develop new products or services in the context of existing provision in the market? How to avoid risk and raise money by bringing in the notion of “high concept” and “co-production” in filmmaking?
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第1章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 2
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究方法 5
第2章 文化創意產業的本質 7
本章重點 7
2.1 需求之不確定性 10
2.2 創意工作者重視其作品 12
2.3 創意商品需要多元的技能 15
2.4 區隔性產品 17
2.5 垂直性區隔之技能 19
2.6 時間就是金錢 22
2.7 耐久性產品與耐久性租金 24
個案研究一:文化創意產業因應破壞性創造之道-二十世紀福斯公司在台灣的發行模式 27
個案研究二:文化創意產業經營尋找新通路之實例分析-台灣S.H.E偶像團體與3C產品的行銷 33
小結 34
第3章 政府政策 36
本章重點 36
3.1 政府的製造業思維 36
3.1.1門戶洞開─因製造業思維棄守文創產業法令門檻 36
3.1.2瞎子摸象─面對數位內容,未能界定其範疇 39
3.1.3 因循舊章─強行移植製造業園區經驗 42
3.1.4 It’s not only content, but also context 48
3.1.4.1 文化創意產業不只是為藝術而藝術,還是休閒與娛樂 48
3.1.4.2 政府補助之外,還得看業者經營能力 52
小結 55
第4章 守門人 57
本章重點 57
4.1 平衡「排擠理論」(Crowding Theory) 59
個案研究一:守門人創造「創意隔間」-日本東映動畫「アニメヒルス”」系統構想 62
4.2破解「招牌技巧」 64
個案研究二:守門人破解「招牌技巧」-This is the IDEO way—Five steps in the process of designing a better comsumer 66
4.3尋找創新與創意 70
個案研究三:守門人創造「開放型創新」之本土個案-「台員多媒體股份有限公司」 72
個案研究四:創意自邊陲到主流核心的過程-台灣音樂灣音樂創作者陳明璋先生的歷程 76
4.4 外顯內隱知識 79
個案研究五:創意從內隱到外顯的過程-四個價值端的活動─台灣遠流出版社文創經營模式 81
小結 82
第5章 高概念行銷 84
本章重點 84
5.1 風險與收益之計算基礎 87
個案研究一:文化創意產業投資避險之道-Multibillion Dollar Baby 90
個案研究二:文創產業尋求資金之道-Investors, Where Art Thee? 94
5.2 高概念 97
個案研究三:高概念操作之本土案例-「電視豆」張水江先生訪談記錄 98
個案研究四:「華視經紀公司」高概念投資流程 104
5.3 國際分工 107
個案研究五:國際分工之實證經驗─日韓合作動畫電影「新暗行御使」 108
小結 112
第6章 結論與後續研究 113
6.1結論 113
6.1.1研究發現 113
6.1.2 對實務界的建議 113
6.1.3對政府之建議 117
6.2 後續研究建議 120
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0092932902en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 文化創意zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 完工保證zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 守門人zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 彈性專業化zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創業財務zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 高概念zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際分工zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) cultural creativityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) completion bond/completion guaranteeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) gatekeeperen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) flexible specializationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) entrepreneurial financeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) high concepten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) co-productionen_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣文化創意產業經營之研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分:zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) John Sorrell,李俊明譯,《創意之島》,台北巿,五觀藝術,2004zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ken Belson, “Hello Kitty—The remarkable Story of Sanrio and the Billon Dollar Feline Phenomenon”, 周亞南譯,《Hello Kitty──三麗鷗創造全球億萬商機的策略》, 台北市, 商周出版, 2004, 初版zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Review Interviews with CEOs,台北市,天下遠見出版,2004zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Seth Shulman, “Owing the Future”, 吳書榆譯,《知識的戰爭》, 台北巿, 聯經出版社, 2001年zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tom Kelley著,Jonathan Littman協作,徐鋒志譯,《IDEA物語:全球領導設計公司IDEO的秘笈》,台北巿,大塊文化,2002zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) William J. Byrnes, “Management and the arts”, 桂雅文、閻惠群譯, 《藝術管理這一行》, 台北巿, 五觀藝術管理, 2004zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 大前研一著,王德玲,蔣雪芬譯,《看不見的新大陸-知識經濟的四大策略》, “The Invisible Continent—Four Strategic Imperatives of the New Economy”,台北市,天下雜誌股份有限公司出版,2001。zh_TW
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