Publications-Theses

題名 專業、民意與環境影響評估:環保署中央開發案例內容分析(1996-2005)
作者 邱玲裕
貢獻者 吳秀光
邱玲裕
關鍵詞 環境影響評估
參與
專業
民意
內容分析法
日期 2007
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 15:38:02 (UTC+8)
摘要 環境影響評估法自實施以來已屆滿十二年,該制度首開國內將民眾參與納入制度中之先例,原本其立意是讓與環境切身相關的民眾得以參與公共政策,以減少衝突,然而,民眾不滿審查結果的相關爭議卻未曾停歇,據此,本研究認為應該找出開發案例特性、參與方式與審查結論之間的關係,以增進對我國環評實務的瞭解。本研究是以環境影響評估資料庫中的書件查詢系統為研究對象,主要目的在於瞭解1996年至2005年行政院環保署所累積之中央開發案例之趨勢,以期對於參與程序做實證評估促使評估機制獲得社會的公平與信賴,減少抗爭衝突之發生。
本論文首先透過文獻探討公民參與之意義與限制,並以理性選擇學派對於參與之詮釋,釐清參與可能遭受的挑戰與問題,其次檢閱目前與環境影響評估研究相關的文獻,藉此找出本文之定位,並整理各類文獻,建構本研究對於參與情形之評估構面與操作化問題,並以之為內容分析法問卷之基礎。
實證資料蒐集時,以參與主體、資訊公開以及民意調查五大準則先進行資料內容之評估、分類與編碼,據此進行統計分析與比較,最後進行訪談。整體案例共有440件,彙整統計資料加以分析討論,輔以訪談內容,得出相關研究結果,本研究之發現如下:
一、在整體趨勢上,以委員會年度而言,近半數之開發案例集中於90年至93年四年期間;開發單位方面,若將國營事業列入政府相關單位計算,則政府與民間企業的開發案件趨近一比一;在開發類別,顯示我國仍偏重交通之硬體建設之開發;在基地行政轄區,開發案例明顯集中於北部及南部兩大區域;在審查結論上,全部案例之中有八成開發案於第一階段通過審查。
二、法律規範參與方式之實際參與情形為,以公開說明會實行比例最高、環保團體之出席狀況偏低、民眾踴躍參與公開說明會,現場勘查參與情況不佳、政府人員與專家委員與民意代表參與習慣之差異。
三、民意調查之實行情形為,開發單位偏好實行民意調查更甚於其他參與程序、引導式問卷問題已逐漸改善,但問卷之效度仍須注意。
四、以440件案例中有舉辦民調之213件案例,探討民眾意見與專家結論關係,研究結果發現,審查結果通過之案例其整體贊成開發民眾之比例,明顯大於審查結果為不通過之民眾比例。
The law of environmental impact assessment (EIA) has been implemented for 12 years. EIA, in order to reduce the conflict by facilitating civil participation in the policy making process, is the first institution for civil participation in our country. However, people’s dissatisfaction with the results of the environmental impact assessment never ebbs. Accordingly, this study attempts to find out the relationship among the development cases, methods of civil participation and the deliberative results, in order to facilitate the understanding of the EIA in. Taiwan.
The main purpose lies in understanding the trend of the deliberative result of the development cases in the environmental protection administration of the central government in Taiwan by means of assessing these cases, expecting to make the mechanism and its procedure trustworthy for society and reduce the emergence of the conflicts. The target of the study is 440 EIA cases from the electronic research system in the EIA database, from 1996 to 2005. To build evaluative items and check participatory pattern differences, the study is proposes three frames, including the participatory subjects, information disclosure and five major criterion of public opinion polls, followed by content analysis and data coding. After carrying out statistical analysis and comparison through the above framework, the officers were interviewed to verify and supply the previous results.
After integrating quantitative and qualitative results, the results of this research are as follow:
First, looking at the time period as a whole, nearly one half of the cases were held during a four year period (from 2001 to 2004); for organization of exploitation, the number of cases possessed by the government was as much as folk enterprise; for the classification of exploitation, the data showed that our country still stresses the development of hardware construction of the traffic; for the administrative areas of the exploitation base, obviously the cases polarize on the north and the south of the island; and the final conclusion of the examination show that 80% of the developing cases are being passed at the first stage of EIA.
Second, the actual situation of legal ways of participating is that public explanation meetings were held more frequently than other ways; the rate of attendance of environmental protection group and scene inspection was low; people participated enthusiastically in public explanation meetings; and there was difference of participation (participating) behaviors between the committee members and governmental officials.
Third, the situation of conducting polls is, exploitation organization prefer conducting poll far more than other methods; the situations of inductive questionnaire had been improved gradually already, still, researchers must pay attention to validly of questionnaire.
Finally, there are 213 cases of conducting polls out of 440 cases, which obviously shows that in most cases a favorable result (“pass”) is given by the people rather than an unfavorable result (“fail”).
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
公共行政研究所
93256003
96
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093256003
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 吳秀光zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 邱玲裕zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 邱玲裕zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2007en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 15:38:02 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 15:38:02 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 15:38:02 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0093256003en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/35664-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 公共行政研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93256003zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 環境影響評估法自實施以來已屆滿十二年,該制度首開國內將民眾參與納入制度中之先例,原本其立意是讓與環境切身相關的民眾得以參與公共政策,以減少衝突,然而,民眾不滿審查結果的相關爭議卻未曾停歇,據此,本研究認為應該找出開發案例特性、參與方式與審查結論之間的關係,以增進對我國環評實務的瞭解。本研究是以環境影響評估資料庫中的書件查詢系統為研究對象,主要目的在於瞭解1996年至2005年行政院環保署所累積之中央開發案例之趨勢,以期對於參與程序做實證評估促使評估機制獲得社會的公平與信賴,減少抗爭衝突之發生。
本論文首先透過文獻探討公民參與之意義與限制,並以理性選擇學派對於參與之詮釋,釐清參與可能遭受的挑戰與問題,其次檢閱目前與環境影響評估研究相關的文獻,藉此找出本文之定位,並整理各類文獻,建構本研究對於參與情形之評估構面與操作化問題,並以之為內容分析法問卷之基礎。
實證資料蒐集時,以參與主體、資訊公開以及民意調查五大準則先進行資料內容之評估、分類與編碼,據此進行統計分析與比較,最後進行訪談。整體案例共有440件,彙整統計資料加以分析討論,輔以訪談內容,得出相關研究結果,本研究之發現如下:
一、在整體趨勢上,以委員會年度而言,近半數之開發案例集中於90年至93年四年期間;開發單位方面,若將國營事業列入政府相關單位計算,則政府與民間企業的開發案件趨近一比一;在開發類別,顯示我國仍偏重交通之硬體建設之開發;在基地行政轄區,開發案例明顯集中於北部及南部兩大區域;在審查結論上,全部案例之中有八成開發案於第一階段通過審查。
二、法律規範參與方式之實際參與情形為,以公開說明會實行比例最高、環保團體之出席狀況偏低、民眾踴躍參與公開說明會,現場勘查參與情況不佳、政府人員與專家委員與民意代表參與習慣之差異。
三、民意調查之實行情形為,開發單位偏好實行民意調查更甚於其他參與程序、引導式問卷問題已逐漸改善,但問卷之效度仍須注意。
四、以440件案例中有舉辦民調之213件案例,探討民眾意見與專家結論關係,研究結果發現,審查結果通過之案例其整體贊成開發民眾之比例,明顯大於審查結果為不通過之民眾比例。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The law of environmental impact assessment (EIA) has been implemented for 12 years. EIA, in order to reduce the conflict by facilitating civil participation in the policy making process, is the first institution for civil participation in our country. However, people’s dissatisfaction with the results of the environmental impact assessment never ebbs. Accordingly, this study attempts to find out the relationship among the development cases, methods of civil participation and the deliberative results, in order to facilitate the understanding of the EIA in. Taiwan.
The main purpose lies in understanding the trend of the deliberative result of the development cases in the environmental protection administration of the central government in Taiwan by means of assessing these cases, expecting to make the mechanism and its procedure trustworthy for society and reduce the emergence of the conflicts. The target of the study is 440 EIA cases from the electronic research system in the EIA database, from 1996 to 2005. To build evaluative items and check participatory pattern differences, the study is proposes three frames, including the participatory subjects, information disclosure and five major criterion of public opinion polls, followed by content analysis and data coding. After carrying out statistical analysis and comparison through the above framework, the officers were interviewed to verify and supply the previous results.
After integrating quantitative and qualitative results, the results of this research are as follow:
First, looking at the time period as a whole, nearly one half of the cases were held during a four year period (from 2001 to 2004); for organization of exploitation, the number of cases possessed by the government was as much as folk enterprise; for the classification of exploitation, the data showed that our country still stresses the development of hardware construction of the traffic; for the administrative areas of the exploitation base, obviously the cases polarize on the north and the south of the island; and the final conclusion of the examination show that 80% of the developing cases are being passed at the first stage of EIA.
Second, the actual situation of legal ways of participating is that public explanation meetings were held more frequently than other ways; the rate of attendance of environmental protection group and scene inspection was low; people participated enthusiastically in public explanation meetings; and there was difference of participation (participating) behaviors between the committee members and governmental officials.
Third, the situation of conducting polls is, exploitation organization prefer conducting poll far more than other methods; the situations of inductive questionnaire had been improved gradually already, still, researchers must pay attention to validly of questionnaire.
Finally, there are 213 cases of conducting polls out of 440 cases, which obviously shows that in most cases a favorable result (“pass”) is given by the people rather than an unfavorable result (“fail”).
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、緒論 1
第一節、研究動機 1
第二節、研究問題 2
第三節、研究目的 3
第四節、研究貢獻 4
第五節、研究方法 5
第六節、研究方流程 6
第二章、文獻探討 7
第一節、民主理論與參與 9
第二節、公共選擇學派與參與 17
第三節、我國環境影響評估制度 20
第四節、環境影響評估相關文獻分析 27
第三章、研究設計 35
第一節、環境影響評估書件系統 35
第二節、研究架構 40
第三節、研究方法與流程 42
第四節、研究問題與操作化問題 46
第五節、資料處理與信度分析 48
第四章、資料分析與討論 50
第一節、基本概況分析 50
第二節、參與表現之評估分析 57
第三節、背景因素與審查結論、審查過程之交叉分析 68
第四節、背景因素對參與評估之分析 76
第五節、民意調查之分析 81
第六節、補充訪談 86
第五章、結論與建議 89
第一節、研究結論 90
第二節、環境影響評估參與機制之建議 96
第三節、研究限制與後續研究建議 98
參考文獻 99
附錄 105
附錄一 案例內容分析及編碼表 105
附錄二 編碼過程 108
附錄三 引導式問卷 117

表目錄
表3-1:評估構面 41
表3-2:研究設計與問題對照表 44
表3-3:研究問題與操作化問題對照表 47
表4-1:案例基本資料分析表(1) 55
表4-2:案例基本資料分析表(2) 56
表4-3:整體表現之評估分析表 57
表4-4:舉辦場次次數分配 58
表4-5:整體排列比較 59
表4-6:資訊公開之評估分析表 61
表4-7:各別出席狀況評估分析表 63
表4-8:民意調查分析表 64
表4-9:民意調查整體得分之次數分配表 65
表4-10:民意調查各別評估分析表 67
表4-11:委員會年度vs結論 69
表4-12:政府與民間企業vs審查結論通過與 69
表4-13:區域vs審查結論 70
表4-14:開發類別vs審查結論過與否 72
表4-15:審查過程vs委員會年度 73
表4-16:審查過程vs開發單位 73
表4-17:審查過程vs行政轄區 74
表4-18:審查過程vs開發類別 75
表4-19:審查過程vs審查結論 76
表4-20:年度與參與機制之比較 77
表4-21:開發單位與參與機制之比較 78
表4-22:開發類別vs參與機制之分析比較 79
表4-23:參與機制之相關分析 80
表4-24:參與機制是否隨年度進步 81
表4-25:開發單位對贊成與不知情民意之比較 82
表4-26:開發類別對贊成與不知情民意之比較 83
表4-27:事先不知情對贊成開發案之比較 83
表4-28:資料來源次數分配表 84
表4-29:希望溝通方式次數分配表 84
表4-30:問卷設計與年度之T檢定 85
表4-31:審查結論與贊成開發案之分析 86




圖表次
圖1- 1: 研究流程圖 6
圖2-1: 最適決策圖 18
圖2-2:實施環境影響評估流程圖 26
圖3-1: 環境影響評估書件查詢系統圖 35
圖3-2: 綜合查詢系統圖 37
圖3-3:綜合查詢結果之案件清單 38
圖3-4:目錄之檔案連結畫面 39
圖3-5: 本研究之研究架構圖 41
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093256003en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 環境影響評估zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 參與zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 專業zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 民意zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 內容分析法zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 專業、民意與環境影響評估:環保署中央開發案例內容分析(1996-2005)zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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