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題名 我國偏遠鄉鎮數位落差之跨年度比較分析
Longitudiual Analysis of Digital Divide in Taiwan’s Rural Areas
作者 林绣雯
Lin, Hsiu Wen
貢獻者 蕭乃沂
Hsiao, Nai Yi
林绣雯
Lin, Hsiu Wen
關鍵詞 數位落差
數位機會中心點
縱貫性研究
資訊近用
資訊素養
資訊應用
digital divide
Digital Opportunity Centers (DOCs)
longitudinal analysis
information access
information literacy
information application
日期 2007
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 15:39:33 (UTC+8)
摘要 自2005年起政府投入經費執行「創造偏鄉數位機會推動計畫」,由教育部協調統合各部會資源,共同推動縮減城鄉數位落差,於台灣地區300偏遠鄉鎮設立168個數位機會中心(Digital Opportunity Center, DOC),協助民眾增進資訊應用能力,以期有效縮減城鄉間的數位落差。政府投入大量資源,建構良好的軟硬體設施,提供偏遠地區居民一個好的上網環境,乃為降低偏鄉地區數位落差的不公平現象,提供偏鄉地區民眾在資訊經濟時代能夠有取得資訊的公平機會。

本研究乃透過台閩地區數位落差調查2004年到2006年的數據資料,了解台灣地區各鄉鎮之數位表現在各個面向上是否有提升,更進一步探究,政府偏鄉數位落差政策實施的區域,其數位表現分數之起伏;其次,政府根據2002年之調查界定政策實施的區域,至今數位能力較低之鄉鎮地區是否已有變化?有哪些鄉鎮並未被列入政策實施之重點區域,但卻為數位能力落後之鄉鎮?
本研究所使用的方法為次級資料分析法,資料來源為行政院研究考核委員會於九十三至九十五年,委託學術團體、民間單位進行之三次台閩地區數位落差調查。研究發現,偏鄉地區民眾數位能力低於非偏鄉地區民眾,近年來偏鄉民眾之數位能力雖有進步,但是進步幅度仍小於非偏鄉地區民眾。

在設置數位機會點鄉鎮,其數位表現分數雖低於未設置數位機會點鄉鎮,但設置數位機會點鄉鎮民眾之數位能力確實有進步,且進步幅度大於未設置數位機會點鄉鎮之民眾。數位機會中心點之政策內容,乃為加強民眾在資訊近用上之取得與資訊素養能力之提升,研究發現,民眾網路取得機會增加,但是電腦設備的近用性仍然不足,在資訊素養的提升上是有幫助的,而民眾在工作應用、生活應用與資訊蒐集上之提升,乃政策預期以外之收穫。最後,偏遠程度的確是判斷該地區之數位能力一項重要的依據,然而僅以偏遠程度來判斷該鄉鎮之數位能力,卻是不太精確的,因此在數位落差嚴重鄉鎮之界定上,應以數位落差指標取代地理偏遠指標進行界定,將能夠更精確的界定出數位落差嚴重的鄉鎮,並與數位落差政策作連結。
In the digital era, computers and networks are important tools to broadcast information among people. People who live in urban areas have deeply felt the convenience that information can rapidly bring about. People in rural areas can not enjoy such benefit since. However, there has been the digital divide due to difficulties to access to resources, inadequacy in computer equipment, non-popularity of network use, and poor ability to use information technology.

In order to reduce the gap of digital divide between urban and rural areas, Ministry of Education has implemented the 4-year project for Shortening Digital Divide between Urban and Rural Areas by setting up digital opportunity centers (DOCs). It is estimated that 300 DOCs will be set up in 168 rural areas nation-wide.
The Research, Development, and Evaluation Commission (RDEC) conducts the digital divide survey every year since 2001. It aims to evaluate the status of information infrastructure implementation and the results of digital divide reduction. The Digital Performance Score for the individual called Digital Score that was derived from the cross indicator weighting analysis by AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) was helpful in comparing the digital ability among different groups such as people in rural and urban areas.

There are three research questions in the thesis. First of all, I use the secondary data, the digital divide survey from 2004 to 2006, to realize the current situation of digital divide in Taiwan. The results reveal that, during 2004-2006 the Digital Score of people in urban is higher than in rural area. People in urban areas made greater progress compared with those in rural area during the three years. People in rural areas still can not catch up with the people in urban.

Secondly, to evaluate the performance of DOCs in rural areas, I have chosen 27 rural towns where there are DOCs during 2005. After comparing the towns with DOCs and those without DOCs, the results show that the towns with DOCs have greater improvement for Digital Score.
The third research question to assess the categorization of rural areas is appropriate to compartmentalize the Digital Divide areas. A previous study “Strategic Formulation for Public Information Centers in Rural Areas” published in 2002 by the RDEC, has categorized towns in Taiwan into rural and urban areas by geographic and demographics indicators, such as population density and the convenience of traffic.

The study uses the secondary data of 2005 to redefine Digital Divide areas by cluster analysis and find that Digital Divide areas are different from rural areas. To categorize digital divide areas, using digital divide indicators is more appropriate than geographic and demographics indicators.
參考文獻 一、 中文部分
行政院(2005),〈教育部推動縮減城鄉數位落差補助要點〉,《行政院公報》,第011期,第235卷,教育文化篇。
行政院研考會(2002a),《偏遠地區設置公共資訊服務站策略規劃報告》,台北:行政院研考會。
行政院研考會(2002b),《91年個人/家戶數位落差調查報告》,台北:行政院研考會。
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行政院研考會(2006),《95年個人/家戶數位落差調查報告》,台北:行政院研考會。
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李美華(2004),《學校城鄉差距與學生家庭社經地位對數位落差影響之研究》,政治大學學校行政碩士論文。
宋餘俠、劉士豪(2006),〈發展永續經營之數位機會:拉拉山電子商務數位機會模式案例〉,《研考雙月刊》,第30卷第1期,第47-57頁。
陳宥蓁(2006),《縮減數位落差之研究-以台灣「數位機會中心」發展為例》,碩士論文,元智大學資訊傳播學系。
陳嘉駿(2002),《數位落差現象再探討 : 多國比較分析》,南華大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。嘉義:未出版。
梁恆正(2001),〈面對數位落差:圖書館e化服務之新課題〉,《台灣師範大學圖書館通訊》,第49卷,第2-7頁。
張紹勳(2001),《研究方法》,台北:滄海。
郭耀煌(2005),〈數位機會中心:運用資通訊技術創造偏鄉居民的永續發展機會〉,《研考雙月刊》,第30卷,第1期,第28-37頁。
葉俊榮(2004),〈電子化民主對民主政治發展之意涵〉,《研考雙月刊》,第28卷第4期,第12-24頁。
黃佳珊(2005),《台灣縣市政府機關數位化落差成因與對策之研究》,世新大學學校行政管理學系碩士論文。
曾世杰(1996),〈偏遠地區的身心障礙教育〉,《東台灣研究》,第1期,第29-25頁。
曾淑芬(2001),《90年台灣地區數位落差問題之研究》,行政院研考會委託研究報告。
曾淑芬(2002),〈社會公平與數位落差〉,《研考雙月刊》,第30卷,第1期,第56-62頁。
曾淑芬、李孟壕(2005),〈數位落差再定義與衡量指標之研究〉,《資訊社會研究》,第9期,第89-124頁。
項靖(2003),〈邁向資訊均富:我國數位落差現況之探討〉,《東吳政治學報》,第16期,第125-178頁。
項靖(2005),《數位化治理與資訊政策》,台北市:秀威資訊科技。
蔡光昭(1999),〈偏遠地區醫療探討-以恆春為例〉,《醫院》,第31卷,第1期,第29-36頁。
廖榮利(1981),〈台灣偏遠地區的社會福利〉,《人與社會》,第8卷,第2期,第40-46頁。
潘明宏、陳志瑋 譯,Nachmias, David and Chava Frankfort-Nachmias著(2003),《最新社會科學研究方法》,台北:韋伯文化。
盧建旭(2005),〈數位機會中心:縮短城鄉數位落差,增進國際數位機會〉,《台灣經濟研究月刊》,第28卷,第9期,頁92-100。
簡文吟(2006),〈台灣數位落差現況分析〉,《研考雙月刊》,第30卷第1期,第38-46頁。
顏淑芬(1998),《從資訊差距因素探討網路資訊時代公共圖書館之任務與角色》,台灣大學圖書資訊學研究所碩士論文。
謝邦昌(2001),《統計學》,輔仁大學統計系。
二、 英文部分
Bagchi, Kallol (2005) , “Factors Contributing to Global Digital Divide Some Empirical Results,” Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 8(3): 47-65.
Brescia, William and Daily, Tony (2007) , “Economic Development and Technology-Skill Needs on American Indian Reservations,”The American Indian Quarterly, 31(1): 23-43.
Gabe, Todd M. and Abel, Jaison R. (2002) , “Deployment of advanced telecommunication in rural America:Measuring the digital divide,”Ameriac Agricultural Economics Association, 84 (5):1246-1252.
Hargitti , Ezster (2002) , “Second-Level Digital Divide: Difference in People in People’s Online Skills” First Monday, 7(4). http://chnm.gmu.edu/digitalhistory/links/pdf/introduction/0.26c.pdf.查詢日期2007/06/05.
Hawkins, Eliza Tanner (2003) , “Bridging Latin America’s Digital Divide: Government Policies and Internet Access .” Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 80(3) : 646-664.
Lyon, David (1998) “The information society : issues and illusions” ; New York, NY, USA : B. Blackwell.
Mackay, Hughie and Gillespie, Gareth (1992), “Extending the social shaping of technology Approach: Ideology and Appropriation.” Social Studies of Science, 22 : 685-716.
McGranahan, David A . (2002), “Local Context and Advanced Technology Use By Small, Indeprnt Manufacturers,” Ameriac Agricultural Economics Association, 84(5): 1237-1245.
Mistry, Jamshed J. (2005)“A Conceptual Framework for the Role of Government in Bridging the Digital Divide,”Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 8(3): 28-45.
NITA (1995),” Falling Through the Net : A Survey of the ’Have Not’ in Rural and Urban America.” Washing, DC: US Department of Commerce.
Norris , Pippa (2001), “Digital Divide: Civic Engagement, Information Poverty, and the internet worldwide” UK: Cambridge University. OECD.
OECD (2000), “ Learning to Bridge the Digital Divide.” Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Paker, Edwin B. (2000) , “ Closing the digital divide in rural America,”Telecommunication Policy, 24: 281-290.
The Kaiser Family Foundation(2004),”Children, The Digital Divide, and Federal Policy,” http://www.kff.org/entmedia/7090.cfm ,查詢日期2007/6/3.
Tichenor, P. J., G.A. Donohue and C.N. Olien (1970), “Mass Media Flow and Differential Growth in Knowledge.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 34(2):159-170.
Valadze, James R. and Duran, Richard (2007), “Redefining the digital divide:Beyond Access to Computers and the Internet.”The High School Journal, 90(3): 31-44.
三、 網站部分
教育部(2006a),〈創造偏鄉數位機會-直擊DOC〉,http://itaiwan.moe.gov.tw/,查詢日期 2007/03/18。
教育部(2006b),〈偏遠地區定義〉http://www.edu.tw/EDU_WEB/EDU_MGT/STATISTICS,查詢日期 2007/06/05。
教育部電子報(2007),〈讓偏鄉看見全世界 — 數位機會中心〉,http://epaper.edu.tw/193/main01.html,查詢日期2007/04/18。
教育部電算中心(2007),〈數位機會中心計畫〉,http://www.edu.tw/EDU_WEB/EDU_MGT/MOECC/EDU5762001/1-4-2.htm,查詢日期 2007/04/18。
衛生署(2006),〈偏遠鄉鎮醫師服務〉http://www.doh.gov.tw/cht2006/index_populace.aspx,查詢日期 2007/06/05。
劉嘉韻(2007),〈縮減數位落差 教部:今年達成100個數位中心〉,http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/7/2/12/n1621023.htm,查詢日期2007/03/05。
經建會(2006),〈行政院「創造偏鄉數位機會」計畫〉,http://investintaiwan.nat.gov.tw/zh-tw/news/200611/2006110301.html,查詢日期2007/03/05。
CTCNet(2007),〈about the network〉,http://ctcnet.org/who/network.htm,查詢日期2007/04/05。
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
公共行政研究所
94256024
96
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094256024
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 蕭乃沂zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hsiao, Nai Yien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林绣雯zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Hsiu Wenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 林绣雯zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lin, Hsiu Wenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2007en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 15:39:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 15:39:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 15:39:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0094256024en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/35672-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 公共行政研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 94256024zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 自2005年起政府投入經費執行「創造偏鄉數位機會推動計畫」,由教育部協調統合各部會資源,共同推動縮減城鄉數位落差,於台灣地區300偏遠鄉鎮設立168個數位機會中心(Digital Opportunity Center, DOC),協助民眾增進資訊應用能力,以期有效縮減城鄉間的數位落差。政府投入大量資源,建構良好的軟硬體設施,提供偏遠地區居民一個好的上網環境,乃為降低偏鄉地區數位落差的不公平現象,提供偏鄉地區民眾在資訊經濟時代能夠有取得資訊的公平機會。

本研究乃透過台閩地區數位落差調查2004年到2006年的數據資料,了解台灣地區各鄉鎮之數位表現在各個面向上是否有提升,更進一步探究,政府偏鄉數位落差政策實施的區域,其數位表現分數之起伏;其次,政府根據2002年之調查界定政策實施的區域,至今數位能力較低之鄉鎮地區是否已有變化?有哪些鄉鎮並未被列入政策實施之重點區域,但卻為數位能力落後之鄉鎮?
本研究所使用的方法為次級資料分析法,資料來源為行政院研究考核委員會於九十三至九十五年,委託學術團體、民間單位進行之三次台閩地區數位落差調查。研究發現,偏鄉地區民眾數位能力低於非偏鄉地區民眾,近年來偏鄉民眾之數位能力雖有進步,但是進步幅度仍小於非偏鄉地區民眾。

在設置數位機會點鄉鎮,其數位表現分數雖低於未設置數位機會點鄉鎮,但設置數位機會點鄉鎮民眾之數位能力確實有進步,且進步幅度大於未設置數位機會點鄉鎮之民眾。數位機會中心點之政策內容,乃為加強民眾在資訊近用上之取得與資訊素養能力之提升,研究發現,民眾網路取得機會增加,但是電腦設備的近用性仍然不足,在資訊素養的提升上是有幫助的,而民眾在工作應用、生活應用與資訊蒐集上之提升,乃政策預期以外之收穫。最後,偏遠程度的確是判斷該地區之數位能力一項重要的依據,然而僅以偏遠程度來判斷該鄉鎮之數位能力,卻是不太精確的,因此在數位落差嚴重鄉鎮之界定上,應以數位落差指標取代地理偏遠指標進行界定,將能夠更精確的界定出數位落差嚴重的鄉鎮,並與數位落差政策作連結。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In the digital era, computers and networks are important tools to broadcast information among people. People who live in urban areas have deeply felt the convenience that information can rapidly bring about. People in rural areas can not enjoy such benefit since. However, there has been the digital divide due to difficulties to access to resources, inadequacy in computer equipment, non-popularity of network use, and poor ability to use information technology.

In order to reduce the gap of digital divide between urban and rural areas, Ministry of Education has implemented the 4-year project for Shortening Digital Divide between Urban and Rural Areas by setting up digital opportunity centers (DOCs). It is estimated that 300 DOCs will be set up in 168 rural areas nation-wide.
The Research, Development, and Evaluation Commission (RDEC) conducts the digital divide survey every year since 2001. It aims to evaluate the status of information infrastructure implementation and the results of digital divide reduction. The Digital Performance Score for the individual called Digital Score that was derived from the cross indicator weighting analysis by AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) was helpful in comparing the digital ability among different groups such as people in rural and urban areas.

There are three research questions in the thesis. First of all, I use the secondary data, the digital divide survey from 2004 to 2006, to realize the current situation of digital divide in Taiwan. The results reveal that, during 2004-2006 the Digital Score of people in urban is higher than in rural area. People in urban areas made greater progress compared with those in rural area during the three years. People in rural areas still can not catch up with the people in urban.

Secondly, to evaluate the performance of DOCs in rural areas, I have chosen 27 rural towns where there are DOCs during 2005. After comparing the towns with DOCs and those without DOCs, the results show that the towns with DOCs have greater improvement for Digital Score.
The third research question to assess the categorization of rural areas is appropriate to compartmentalize the Digital Divide areas. A previous study “Strategic Formulation for Public Information Centers in Rural Areas” published in 2002 by the RDEC, has categorized towns in Taiwan into rural and urban areas by geographic and demographics indicators, such as population density and the convenience of traffic.

The study uses the secondary data of 2005 to redefine Digital Divide areas by cluster analysis and find that Digital Divide areas are different from rural areas. To categorize digital divide areas, using digital divide indicators is more appropriate than geographic and demographics indicators.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機 4
第三節 研究目的與研究問題 7
第四節 重要名詞定義 8
第五節 研究流程 12
第二章 文獻探討 14
第一節 科技傳布理論 14
第二節 偏鄉數位落差政策 15
第三節 台閩地區數位落差調查 24
第四節 偏鄉數位落差之相關研究 31
第三章 研究設計 35
第一節 研究架構 35
第二節 次級資料分析 36
第三節 變數定義與資料轉換 37
第四節 次級資料分析過程 46
第四章 資料分析與討論 49
第一節 台灣各鄉鎮數位落差現況 49
第二節 偏鄉數位落差現況 79
第三節 數位機會中心點 105
第四節 偏遠鄉鎮與數位落差嚴重鄉鎮之劃分 120
第五章 結論與建議 129
第一節 研究結論 129
第二節 政策建議 133
第三節 研究限制與後續研究建議 135
參考文獻 139
附錄 144
附錄一 61個數位機會中心設置點 144
附錄二 偏遠地區鄉鎮分類 146
附錄三 九十五年個人/家戶數位落差指標架構權值 147
附錄四 「偏遠地區設置公共資訊服務站策略規劃」報告書摘要整理 148
附錄五 相關文獻整理 149
附錄六 九十三年台閩地區數位落差調查問卷 152
附錄七 九十四年台閩地區數位落差調查問卷 162
附錄八 九十五年台閩地區數位落差調查問卷 169
附錄九 台閩地區數位落差調查之調查方式、抽樣設計、資料處理與統計區域說明 177
附錄十 各鄉鎮於各年度數位落差調查之樣本數整理 184
附錄十一 各年度資訊近用、資訊素養、資訊應用概況 189
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094256024en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 數位落差zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 數位機會中心點zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 縱貫性研究zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資訊近用zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資訊素養zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資訊應用zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) digital divideen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Digital Opportunity Centers (DOCs)en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) longitudinal analysisen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) information accessen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) information literacyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) information applicationen_US
dc.title (題名) 我國偏遠鄉鎮數位落差之跨年度比較分析zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Longitudiual Analysis of Digital Divide in Taiwan’s Rural Areasen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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