Publications-Theses

題名 對外投資、勞動力變動與產業結構調整:台灣之實證分析
作者 凃茜文
貢獻者 林祖嘉
凃茜文
關鍵詞 產出
勞動生產力
對外投資
日期 2005
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 15:57:41 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究旨在探討對外投資與外人來台投資對國內產業的影響,即外人來台投資是否會使國內產業的產出增加,產生所謂的外溢效果?而對外投資是否會造成國內產業產出減少,發生產業空洞化?同時也探討在對外投資與外人來台投資盛行的這段期間,台灣整體產業與製造業勞動生產力的變動情形。本文將台灣製造業分成十二個產業別,期間由1981至2004年的混合資料(panel data),分析對外投資與外人來台投資對製造業產出的影響。\n\n本文首先探討整體產業與製造業勞動生產力的變動。先將台灣整體產業分成三級產業分析,在1981至2005年間,勞動生產力成長主要來源為個別產業的勞動生產力成長,即技術進步的部份。勞動配置效果對勞動成長的貢獻不大,但仍符合結構收益假說;交叉變動效果為正,表示勞動配置在生產力快速提升部門,並沒有發生勞動節約現象。而台灣製造業勞動生產力成長主要來源同樣也是個別產業的勞動生產力成長,但是勞動配置效果為負,拒絕結構收益假說。原因為相對勞動生產力在1981至2005年間變化太快;同時在經濟發展過程,產業別的相對所得需求彈性也隨之改變,造成勞動配置效果為負。\n\n接著將生產函數取對數後,做為分析產出變動的實證模型。結果顯示,以整體製造業而言,不管是對大陸地區投資或是非大陸地區投資,對台灣產出影響為正,而外來投資對於台灣產出的影響也是正面顯著。影響效果為外來投資>對大陸地區投資>非大陸地區投資。但以影響產業數多寡來看,則是對大陸地區投資>非大陸地區投資>外來投資。從個別產業來看,對大陸投資對產出造成負面顯著的產業最多。對非大陸地區投資的話,只有紡織業對產出是負面效果顯著。外人來台投資對台灣產出均是正面顯著,顯示外資的確對台灣的產出有幫助。總結來說,對低工資國家大量投資時,不一定會使國內產出下降,須視個別產業而定。
參考文獻 中文部份:
行政院經濟建設委員會 (2003),《我國服務業發展研討研究》1-17。
宋承穎(2003),《外人直接投資對台灣經濟的影響評估 ─雙向FDI之探討》,國立中山大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。
周玉珊(2002),《對外投資對產業空洞化之影響─以台灣製造業為例》,國立台灣大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。
林祖嘉、黃啟宏(2006),〈對外投資與勞動結構調整:台灣的實證分析〉,《人文及社會科學集刊》, 18(1)。
兩岸經濟統計月報(2006),《兩岸外人直接投資之發展與未來》,159。
吳惠林、辛炳隆(1995),《產業外移對台灣就業市場的影響》,行政院經建會委託中華經濟研究院研究報告。
高希均、李誠、林祖嘉(1992),《台灣突破:兩岸經貿追蹤》,天下文化出版公司。
高希均、林祖嘉、林文玲,許彩雪(1995),《台商經驗:投資大陸的現場報導》,天下文化出版公司。
唐嘉曼(2000) 《外人直接投資與技術外溢─以台灣製造業為例證》,國立成功大學國際企業研究所碩士論文。
陳添枝、顧瑩華 (2001),〈海外投資對國內就業的影響〉,台灣大學經濟所,產業經濟研討會。
黃台心 (2004) ,《計量經濟學》雙葉書廊。
鄒孟文、 劉錦添(1997),〈外人直接投資對台灣製造業波及效果之實證〉,《經濟論文叢刊》,25(2),155-181。
劉完淳、黃健杰、李娓瑋(2003),〈台商大陸投資對國內產業的影響¾以電子資訊產業為例〉,台灣經濟學會二○○三年年會暨蔣碩傑先生紀念演講會,政治大學社會科學院。
謝寬裕(1999),〈台灣產業外移與產業空洞化之檢驗〉,《台北市銀季刊》,40-65。
薛琦(1981),〈我國外資廠商與國內採購之研究—兼論我國第二次進口替代產業發展之關係〉,台灣對外貿易會議,台北中央研究院經研所。
英文部份:
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Blomström, M., and H. Persson (1983), \"Foreign Investment and Spillover Efficiency in an Underdeveloped Economy: Evidence from the Mexican Manufacturing Industry, \"World Development, 11( 6) 493-501.
Blomström, M. (1986), \"Foreign Investment and Productive Efficiency: The Case of Mexico, \"The Journal of Industrial Economics, 35 (1), 97-110.
Blomström, M., G. Fors, and R.E. Lipsey (1997), \"Foreign Direct Investment and
Employment: Home Country Experience in the United States and Sweden, \"Economic Journal, 107(445), 1787-97.
Blomström, M., and A. Kokko (2000), \"Outward Investment, Employment. And Wage in Swedish Multinationals, \"Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 16(3), 76-89.
Blomström, M., and A. Kokko (2003), \" Human Capital and Inward FDI, \" Stockholm School of Economics Working Paper, 167, 25 .
Blueston B., and B. Harrison (1982), \"The Deindustrialization of America,\" New York: Basic Books.
Caves, R.E. (1974), \" Causes of Direct Investment: Foreign Firm`s Shares in Canadian and United Kingdom Manufacturing Industries, \"Review of Economics and Statistics, 56, 279-293.
Chen, T.J. (1992), \" Determinants of Taiwan`s Direct Foreign Investment: The Case of A Newly Industrializing Country, \"Journal of Development Economics, 39, 397-407.
Coase, R.H. (1937), \"The Nature of Firm,\" Economica, 4, 386-405.
Chuang, Y. C., and C. M. Lin (1999), \"Foreign Direct Investment, R&D and Spillover Efficiency: Evidence from Taiwan`s Manufacturing Firms, \"The Journal of Development Studies, 35( 4), 117-137.
Dunning (1981), \"International Production and the Multinational Enterprise\", London: Allen and Unwin.
Fuchs, V. R. (1968), \"The Service Economy, \" NEBR Working Paper.
Fuchs, V. R. (1980), \"Economic Growth and the Rise of the Service Sector, \" NEBR Working Paper ,486.
Feenstra, R.C., and G.H., Hanson (1996), \"Globalization, Outsourcing, and Wage Inequality,\" American Economic Review, 86, 240-245.
Helpman, E., M. J. Melitz, and S. R.Yeaple (2004), \" Export versus FDI
with Heterogeneous Firms ,\" The American Economic Review, 94(1), 300–316.
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Hymer, S. (1960), \"The International Operations of National Firms: A Study of Direct
Foreign Investment, \" Ph.D . Thesis, MIT, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1976.
Kleinert , J. (2001),\"The Role of Multinational Enterprises in Globalization :An Empirical Overview ,\" Working Papers 1069, Kiel Institute for World Economics.
Kojima, K. (1973), \"A Macroeconomic Approach to Foreign Direct Investment, \" Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, 14, 1-21.
Lipsey, R.E., and M.Y. Weiss (1981), \"Foreign Production and Exports in Manufacturing Industries,\" Review of Economics and Statistics, 63(4), 488-494.
Lipsey, R.E., and M.Y. Weiss (1984), \"Foreign Production and Exports of Industrial
Firms,\" Review of Economics and Statistics, 66(2), 304-308.
Lipsey, R.E. (1994), \"Outward Direct Investment and the U.S. Economy\", NBER,
Working Paper 4691.
Liu, X., P. Siler, C. Wang, and Y. Wei ( 2000), \"Productivity Spillovers From Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence From UK Industry Level Panal Data,\" Journal of Interntional Business Studies, 31(3), 407-425.
Mundell, R.A. (1957), \" International Trade and Factor Mobility,\" American Economic Review, 47(3), 321-335.
Ozawa, T. (1979), \" International Investment and Industrial Structure: New Theoretical Implications from the Japanese Experience ,\" Oxford Economics Paper, 31, 72-92.
Peneder, M. (2003), \" Industrial Structure and Aggregate Growth, \" Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 14 (4), 427-448.
Rowthorn, R.E., and R. Ramaswamy (1999), \" Growth, Trade, and De-industrialization, \"
IMF Staff Papers, 46(1), 18-41.
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Timmer, M. P., and A. Szirmai(2000),\"Productivity Growth in Asian Manufacturing: The Structure Bonus Hypothesis Examined, \"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 11, 371-92.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經濟研究所
93258027
94
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093258027
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 林祖嘉zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 凃茜文zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 凃茜文zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2005en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 15:57:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 15:57:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 15:57:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0093258027en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/item?item_id=37028-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經濟研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93258027zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 94zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究旨在探討對外投資與外人來台投資對國內產業的影響,即外人來台投資是否會使國內產業的產出增加,產生所謂的外溢效果?而對外投資是否會造成國內產業產出減少,發生產業空洞化?同時也探討在對外投資與外人來台投資盛行的這段期間,台灣整體產業與製造業勞動生產力的變動情形。本文將台灣製造業分成十二個產業別,期間由1981至2004年的混合資料(panel data),分析對外投資與外人來台投資對製造業產出的影響。\n\n本文首先探討整體產業與製造業勞動生產力的變動。先將台灣整體產業分成三級產業分析,在1981至2005年間,勞動生產力成長主要來源為個別產業的勞動生產力成長,即技術進步的部份。勞動配置效果對勞動成長的貢獻不大,但仍符合結構收益假說;交叉變動效果為正,表示勞動配置在生產力快速提升部門,並沒有發生勞動節約現象。而台灣製造業勞動生產力成長主要來源同樣也是個別產業的勞動生產力成長,但是勞動配置效果為負,拒絕結構收益假說。原因為相對勞動生產力在1981至2005年間變化太快;同時在經濟發展過程,產業別的相對所得需求彈性也隨之改變,造成勞動配置效果為負。\n\n接著將生產函數取對數後,做為分析產出變動的實證模型。結果顯示,以整體製造業而言,不管是對大陸地區投資或是非大陸地區投資,對台灣產出影響為正,而外來投資對於台灣產出的影響也是正面顯著。影響效果為外來投資>對大陸地區投資>非大陸地區投資。但以影響產業數多寡來看,則是對大陸地區投資>非大陸地區投資>外來投資。從個別產業來看,對大陸投資對產出造成負面顯著的產業最多。對非大陸地區投資的話,只有紡織業對產出是負面效果顯著。外人來台投資對台灣產出均是正面顯著,顯示外資的確對台灣的產出有幫助。總結來說,對低工資國家大量投資時,不一定會使國內產出下降,須視個別產業而定。zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論...........................................1\n1.1節 研究背景與目的...................................1\n1.2節 研究方法.........................................2\n1.3節 論文架構.........................................3\n\n第二章 文獻回顧.........................................4\n2.1節 對外投資理論......................................4\n2.2節 對外投資對投資國影響...............................6\n2.3節 對外投資對被投資國影響..............................9\n\n第三章 台灣產業對外投資與外人來台投資狀況分析...............12\n3.1節 台灣產業對外投資現況分析............................12\n3.2 節 外人來台投資現況分析...............................13\n\n第四章 台灣產業結構與勞動生產力變動之分析...................19\n4.1節 台灣產業結構與勞動結構變動...........................19\n4.2節 勞動生產力分析模型..................................23\n4.3節 產業勞動生產力變化與分析............................25\n4.4節 製造業勞動生產力變化與分析...........................29\n\n第五章 外人來台投資與台商對外投資對產出變動影響的實證模型.....34\n5.1節 產出實證模型.......................................34\n5.2節 實證方法...........................................36\n5.3節 變數來源與說明......................................38\n\n第六章 台灣製造業對外投資、外人來台投資與產出實證分析.........43\n6.1節 台灣製造業對外投資、外人來台投資與產出分析.............43\n6.2節 台灣製造業對外投資、外人來台投資與產出關係實證分析......53\n\n第七章 結論..............................................64\n\n參考文獻.................................................67zh_TW
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093258027en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 產出zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 勞動生產力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 對外投資zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 對外投資、勞動力變動與產業結構調整:台灣之實證分析zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部份:zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 行政院經濟建設委員會 (2003),《我國服務業發展研討研究》1-17。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 宋承穎(2003),《外人直接投資對台灣經濟的影響評估 ─雙向FDI之探討》,國立中山大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 周玉珊(2002),《對外投資對產業空洞化之影響─以台灣製造業為例》,國立台灣大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林祖嘉、黃啟宏(2006),〈對外投資與勞動結構調整:台灣的實證分析〉,《人文及社會科學集刊》, 18(1)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 兩岸經濟統計月報(2006),《兩岸外人直接投資之發展與未來》,159。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳惠林、辛炳隆(1995),《產業外移對台灣就業市場的影響》,行政院經建會委託中華經濟研究院研究報告。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 高希均、李誠、林祖嘉(1992),《台灣突破:兩岸經貿追蹤》,天下文化出版公司。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 高希均、林祖嘉、林文玲,許彩雪(1995),《台商經驗:投資大陸的現場報導》,天下文化出版公司。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 唐嘉曼(2000) 《外人直接投資與技術外溢─以台灣製造業為例證》,國立成功大學國際企業研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳添枝、顧瑩華 (2001),〈海外投資對國內就業的影響〉,台灣大學經濟所,產業經濟研討會。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃台心 (2004) ,《計量經濟學》雙葉書廊。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 鄒孟文、 劉錦添(1997),〈外人直接投資對台灣製造業波及效果之實證〉,《經濟論文叢刊》,25(2),155-181。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 劉完淳、黃健杰、李娓瑋(2003),〈台商大陸投資對國內產業的影響¾以電子資訊產業為例〉,台灣經濟學會二○○三年年會暨蔣碩傑先生紀念演講會,政治大學社會科學院。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 謝寬裕(1999),〈台灣產業外移與產業空洞化之檢驗〉,《台北市銀季刊》,40-65。zh_TW
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