Publications-Theses

題名 美貌、工讀型態與學業成就
Beauty, part-time works type and academic achievements
作者 莊承達
貢獻者 胡登淵<br>蕭明福
莊承達
關鍵詞 外表吸引力
工讀型態
學業成就
工具變數
內生性問題
recursive bivariate probit model
日期 2007
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 16:01:43 (UTC+8)
摘要 本文探討大專生的學業成就,如何受到學生本身的外表吸引力以及工讀的型態所影響。本研究使用國立台灣師範大學台灣高等教育資料庫所建構的「九十二學年度大三學生問卷調查」以及「九十三學年度大專畢業生畢業後一年問卷調查」,以univariate probit model進行分析。研究結果發現:一、具外表吸引力的學生,在平均成績超過80分的機率,比外表較不具外表吸引力的學生高出5.6%;二、具外表吸引力的學生,在進入班級排名前10%的機率較不具外表吸引力的學生高出3.7%;三、雖然從事校外工讀對於學業成就有負面影響,不過從事校內工讀反而對於學業成就有正面影響。
接著以內生性分析的結果顯示,外表吸引力以及校外工讀與學業成就之間存在內生性問題。在recursive bivariate probit model估計下,外表吸引力與學業成就之間的關係仍舊為正向顯著,且男學生的外表吸引力對於學業成就之影響高於女學生;至於校外工讀與學業成就之間的關係在recursive bivariate probit model估計下反而轉變為正,表示在考慮內生性問題之後,校外工讀反而對於學業成就具有正向影響。
最後以trivariate probit model探討外表吸引力、校外工讀以及學業成就三者之間的關係,結果發現在控制外表吸引力下,校外工讀對於學業成就的影響差異並不大,工讀的負面效果並不會因為具有外表吸引力而有所減緩。
參考文獻 王文志(1996)。專科高年級學生課餘工讀與學習成就之關係。技術學刊,11 (3),297-303。
王文科(1991)。教育心理學。台北:五南。
王克先(1996)。學習心理學。台北:桂冠。
王順民(2003)。徘徊在本業、副業與專業之間:有關大學生工讀現象的人文思索。取自http://www.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/SS/092/SS-C-092-127.htm。
王燦槐、羅惠筠(1997)。我國大學生BBS族的人際關係初探。中大社會人文學報,5,19-65。
余民寧(1987)。考試焦慮、成就動機、學習習慣與學業成績之研究,國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文。
余啟民(1994)。國小單親兒童其學業成就、自我觀念與生活適應相關因素之研究。國立台中師範學院初等教育研究所碩士論文。
林本喬(1995)。多重模式班級輔導方案對國小兒童的學習表現及身心適應之輔導效果。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所博士論文。
林生傳(1976)。影響國中生學業成就的社會環境因素分析與探討。高師學報,4,167-222。
林邦傑、王煥琛(1992)。大學生工讀之研究。行政院青年輔導委員會研究報告。
林珊如、蔡今中(1998)。學生網路沈迷現象之深度訪談研究。網路科技對教育的影響研討會會刊,國立台灣師範大學學術發展處。
林清江(1980)。國中畢業生升學與就業意願之影響因素。台北:教育部。
陳怡潔(2007)。美貌!資本?場域。-女性業務外貌價值剖析。南華大學社會學研究所碩士論文。
孫蒨如(2000)。外表吸引力對自我評價的影響-談相似性與自我層面的調節作用。中原大學心理學系碩士論文。
張春興(1996)。教育心理學:三化取向的理論與實務。台北:東華。
許佩玲(1981)。大學生學業成就之預測及其相關的研究。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文。
黃瓊瑢、劉玲君(1995)。青少年打工態度調查報告。學生輔導雙月刊,40,126-131。
彭作奎(2003)。健全學貸制度提高教育品質。取自http://www.cdn.com.tw/daily/2003/10/09/text/921009i1.htm。
陳麗娟(1991)。台南縣大橋國小學童學業成就、家長社經地位、教師喜愛、社交能力、自我態度與同儕接納之相關研究。台南師院學生學刊,13,1–22。
樹理亞(2001)。一切由這裡開始-MUD。Online Games線上遊戲援教誌,1,110-111。
蘇郁凱(2001)。網路世界刺激,走味咖啡沉淪。中國時報,2月26日。
鐘玉蓮(1990)。外表吸引力、學業成就的月暈效應及其對成敗歸因的影響。國立政治大學心理學系碩士論文。
魏心怡(2001)。網際網路與心理幸福、學業成績。臺東師範學院教育研究所碩士論文。
Arendt, J. N. & Holm, A. (2006). Probit models with binary endogenous regressors. Discussion Papers on Business and Economics, 4/2006, Department of Business and Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southern Denmark.
Averett, S. & Korenman, S. (1996). The economic reality of the beauty myth. Journal of Human Resources, 31, 304–330.
Biddle, J. & Hamermesh, D. S. (1998). Beauty, productivity and discrimination: lawyers’ looks and lucre. Journal of Labor Economics, 16, 172–201.
Campbell, C. & Bowman, R. P. (1993). The “fresh start” support club: Small-group counseling for academically retained children. Elementary School Guidance &Counseling, 27(3),172-185.
Cappellari, L. & S. P. Jenkins. (2003). Multivariate probit regression using simulated maximum likelihood. Stata Journal, 3(3), 278-294.
Carns, A. W. & Carns, M. R. (1991). Teaching study skills, cognitive strategies and met a cognitive skill through self-diagnose learning styles. The School Counselor, 38, 341-346.
Curtis, S. & Shani, N. (2002). The effect of taking paid employment during term-time on students’ academic studies. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 26(2), 129-138.
Fabbri, D., Monfardini, C. & Radice, R. (2004). Testing exogeneity in the bivariate probit model: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to health economic. Working Papers, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Università di Bologna.
Ford, J., & Bosworth, D. (1995). Part-time work and full-time higher education.
Studies in Higher Education, 20(2), 187-202.
French, M. T. (2002). Physical appearance and earnings: further evidence. Applied Economics, 34, 569–572.
Frieze, I., Olson, J. & Russell, J. (1991). Attractiveness and Income for Men and Women in Management. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 21(3), 1039-1057.
Heckman, J. J. (1978). Dummy Endogenous Variables in a Simultaneous Equation System. Econometrica, 46(4), 931-959.
Hamermesh, D. S. & Biddle, J. (1994). Beauty and the labor market, American Economic Review, 84, 1174–1194.
Hamermesh, D. S. & Parker, A. (2005). Beauty in the classroom: instructors’ pulchritude and putative pedagogical productivity, Economics of Education Review, 24, 369-376.
Harper, B. (2000). Beauty, stature and the labour market: a British cohort study. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 62, 771–801.
King, T., & Bannon, E. (2002). At what cost? The price that working students pay for a college education. ERIC ED 470 026.
Loh, E. S. (1993). The economic effects of physical appearance, Social Science Quarterly, 74, 420-438.
Maddala, G. S. (1983). Limited-Dependent and Qualitative Variables in Econometrics. Cambridge University Press.
Metcalf, H. (2003). Increasing inequality in higher education: the role of term-time working. Oxford Review of Education, 29(3), 315-329.
Monfardini, C. & Radice, R. (2008). Testing Exogeneity in the Bivariate Probit Model: A Monte Carlo Study. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 70(2), 271-282.
Neill, N., Mulholland, G., Ross, V., & Leckey, J. (2004). The influence of part-time work on student placement. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 28(2), 123-137.
Paton-Saltzberg, R., & Lindsay,O.(1993). The Effects of Paid Employment on the Academic Performance of Full-Time Students in Higher Education. Oxford, Oxford Brooke University.
Quinn, R. (1978). Physical Deviance and Occupational Mistreatment: The Short, the Fat and the Ugly. Unpublished manuscript, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
Sachsida, A., Dornelles, A. C. & Mesquita, C.W. (2003). Beauty and the Labor Market – Study one Specific Occupation. Social Science Research Network Working Paper.
Tao, H.L. (2008). Attractive Physical Appearance vs. Good Academic Characteristics: Which Generates More Earnings? KYKLOS, 61(1), 114–133.
Wilson, N. S. (1986). Effects of a classroom guidance unit on sixth graders, examination performance. Journal of Humanistic Education and Development, 25(2), 70-78.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經濟研究所
95258035
96
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095258035
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 胡登淵<br>蕭明福zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 莊承達zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 莊承達zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2007en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 16:01:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 16:01:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 16:01:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095258035en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/35785-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經濟研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95258035zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文探討大專生的學業成就,如何受到學生本身的外表吸引力以及工讀的型態所影響。本研究使用國立台灣師範大學台灣高等教育資料庫所建構的「九十二學年度大三學生問卷調查」以及「九十三學年度大專畢業生畢業後一年問卷調查」,以univariate probit model進行分析。研究結果發現:一、具外表吸引力的學生,在平均成績超過80分的機率,比外表較不具外表吸引力的學生高出5.6%;二、具外表吸引力的學生,在進入班級排名前10%的機率較不具外表吸引力的學生高出3.7%;三、雖然從事校外工讀對於學業成就有負面影響,不過從事校內工讀反而對於學業成就有正面影響。
接著以內生性分析的結果顯示,外表吸引力以及校外工讀與學業成就之間存在內生性問題。在recursive bivariate probit model估計下,外表吸引力與學業成就之間的關係仍舊為正向顯著,且男學生的外表吸引力對於學業成就之影響高於女學生;至於校外工讀與學業成就之間的關係在recursive bivariate probit model估計下反而轉變為正,表示在考慮內生性問題之後,校外工讀反而對於學業成就具有正向影響。
最後以trivariate probit model探討外表吸引力、校外工讀以及學業成就三者之間的關係,結果發現在控制外表吸引力下,校外工讀對於學業成就的影響差異並不大,工讀的負面效果並不會因為具有外表吸引力而有所減緩。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents Chapter 1. 前言 1
Chapter 2. 文獻回顧 3
2.1. 學業成就 3
2.1.1 學業成就的意義 3
2.1.2 影響學業成就之因素 4
2.2. 工讀與學業成就 6
2.3. 美貌與經濟成就 9
Chapter 3. 模型 12
3.1. Univariate probit model 12
3.2. Bivariate probit model 12
3.3. Recursive bivariate probit model 13
3.4. Multivariate probit model with instrumental variable 14
Chapter 4. 估計結果 16
4.1. 資料來源 16
4.2. 基本統計分析 16
4.3. 估計結果 21
4.4. 內生性檢定 27
Chapter 5. 結論 42
參考文獻 44
zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095258035en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外表吸引力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工讀型態zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 學業成就zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工具變數zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 內生性問題zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) recursive bivariate probit modelen_US
dc.title (題名) 美貌、工讀型態與學業成就zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Beauty, part-time works type and academic achievementsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王文志(1996)。專科高年級學生課餘工讀與學習成就之關係。技術學刊,11 (3),297-303。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王文科(1991)。教育心理學。台北:五南。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王克先(1996)。學習心理學。台北:桂冠。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王順民(2003)。徘徊在本業、副業與專業之間:有關大學生工讀現象的人文思索。取自http://www.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/SS/092/SS-C-092-127.htm。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王燦槐、羅惠筠(1997)。我國大學生BBS族的人際關係初探。中大社會人文學報,5,19-65。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 余民寧(1987)。考試焦慮、成就動機、學習習慣與學業成績之研究,國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 余啟民(1994)。國小單親兒童其學業成就、自我觀念與生活適應相關因素之研究。國立台中師範學院初等教育研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林本喬(1995)。多重模式班級輔導方案對國小兒童的學習表現及身心適應之輔導效果。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林生傳(1976)。影響國中生學業成就的社會環境因素分析與探討。高師學報,4,167-222。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林邦傑、王煥琛(1992)。大學生工讀之研究。行政院青年輔導委員會研究報告。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林珊如、蔡今中(1998)。學生網路沈迷現象之深度訪談研究。網路科技對教育的影響研討會會刊,國立台灣師範大學學術發展處。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林清江(1980)。國中畢業生升學與就業意願之影響因素。台北:教育部。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳怡潔(2007)。美貌!資本?場域。-女性業務外貌價值剖析。南華大學社會學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 孫蒨如(2000)。外表吸引力對自我評價的影響-談相似性與自我層面的調節作用。中原大學心理學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張春興(1996)。教育心理學:三化取向的理論與實務。台北:東華。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 許佩玲(1981)。大學生學業成就之預測及其相關的研究。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃瓊瑢、劉玲君(1995)。青少年打工態度調查報告。學生輔導雙月刊,40,126-131。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 彭作奎(2003)。健全學貸制度提高教育品質。取自http://www.cdn.com.tw/daily/2003/10/09/text/921009i1.htm。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳麗娟(1991)。台南縣大橋國小學童學業成就、家長社經地位、教師喜愛、社交能力、自我態度與同儕接納之相關研究。台南師院學生學刊,13,1–22。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 樹理亞(2001)。一切由這裡開始-MUD。Online Games線上遊戲援教誌,1,110-111。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蘇郁凱(2001)。網路世界刺激,走味咖啡沉淪。中國時報,2月26日。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 鐘玉蓮(1990)。外表吸引力、學業成就的月暈效應及其對成敗歸因的影響。國立政治大學心理學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 魏心怡(2001)。網際網路與心理幸福、學業成績。臺東師範學院教育研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Arendt, J. N. & Holm, A. (2006). Probit models with binary endogenous regressors. Discussion Papers on Business and Economics, 4/2006, Department of Business and Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southern Denmark.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Averett, S. & Korenman, S. (1996). The economic reality of the beauty myth. Journal of Human Resources, 31, 304–330.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Biddle, J. & Hamermesh, D. S. (1998). Beauty, productivity and discrimination: lawyers’ looks and lucre. Journal of Labor Economics, 16, 172–201.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Campbell, C. & Bowman, R. P. (1993). The “fresh start” support club: Small-group counseling for academically retained children. Elementary School Guidance &Counseling, 27(3),172-185.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cappellari, L. & S. P. Jenkins. (2003). Multivariate probit regression using simulated maximum likelihood. Stata Journal, 3(3), 278-294.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Carns, A. W. & Carns, M. R. (1991). Teaching study skills, cognitive strategies and met a cognitive skill through self-diagnose learning styles. The School Counselor, 38, 341-346.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Curtis, S. & Shani, N. (2002). The effect of taking paid employment during term-time on students’ academic studies. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 26(2), 129-138.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fabbri, D., Monfardini, C. & Radice, R. (2004). Testing exogeneity in the bivariate probit model: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to health economic. Working Papers, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Università di Bologna.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ford, J., & Bosworth, D. (1995). Part-time work and full-time higher education.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Studies in Higher Education, 20(2), 187-202.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) French, M. T. (2002). Physical appearance and earnings: further evidence. Applied Economics, 34, 569–572.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Frieze, I., Olson, J. & Russell, J. (1991). Attractiveness and Income for Men and Women in Management. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 21(3), 1039-1057.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Heckman, J. J. (1978). Dummy Endogenous Variables in a Simultaneous Equation System. Econometrica, 46(4), 931-959.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hamermesh, D. S. & Biddle, J. (1994). Beauty and the labor market, American Economic Review, 84, 1174–1194.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hamermesh, D. S. & Parker, A. (2005). Beauty in the classroom: instructors’ pulchritude and putative pedagogical productivity, Economics of Education Review, 24, 369-376.zh_TW
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