1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. Publications
  3. College of Social Science
  4. Theses
  5. Item

Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 步行者空間認知對空間選擇影響之研究─以台北西門徒步區為例
作者 董娟鳴
Tung, Chuan Ming
貢獻者 馮正民<br>邊泰明
Feng, Cheng Min<br>Ben, Tai-Ming
董娟鳴
Tung, Chuan Ming
關鍵詞 空間認知
空間選擇
找路
步行者
spatial cognition
spatial choice
wayfinding
pedestrian
日期 2004
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 16:09:38 (UTC+8)
摘要 步行者在都市環境之移動與空間選擇行為，是規劃者長久以來在進行都市空間規劃與分析之重要課題。其中，對步行者行為的了解，更是進行都市空間分析的重要課題。一般來說，步行者的活動行為與空間選擇，會受環境資訊與過去空間經驗等認知之影響，步行者在複雜的都市空間中活動時，如何在環境中進行空間選擇？在空間選擇時，步行者對空間之認知狀況，又會對其空間選擇產生什麼影響？則是一個有趣的課題。
然而，過去探討步行者空間選擇之相關研究，極少全面探討空間認知對個體空間選擇產生之影響，故本研究之目的，在探索步行者空間認知結果，如何影響其對空間選擇意願。本研究以台北市西門徒步區為例，將步行者之空間選擇分為活動點選擇、找路判斷與路徑選擇三部份，分別運用理論歸納、訪談與探索性因素分析(EFA)，建立步行者空間選擇影響因素後，再運用結構方程模式(SEM)，探討步行者對空間選擇影響因素及影響關係，將步行者“空間認知”對其空間選擇之影響關係進行呈現。
研究結果顯示，個體空間認知結果是影響個體空間選擇意願之主要影響因素，其對步行者活動點選擇之影響為間接影響，對步行者路徑選擇之影響則為直接影響，而個體空間認知結果包含了個體找路判斷認知結果與地區環境資訊認知結果兩部分。
在步行者找路判斷之影響因素方面，影響個體步行者找路判斷之因素，分別為地區環境資訊因素與個體空間熟悉因素；其中，地區環境資訊因素為主要影響因素，地區環境資訊因素並對個體找路判斷同時具有直接與間接之影響。
此外，在影響途徑方面，步行者於活動點選擇時，空間認知結果會透過影響地區環境對步行者之吸引，間接影響個體逛選偏好，而個體逛選偏好則對個體活動點空間選擇之意願具有直接影響。而在步行者路徑選擇時，空間認知結果會直接影響步行者之路徑選擇意願，而地區活動吸引亦會透過直接影響個體空間認知結果，間接影響步行者路徑選擇意願。


關鍵字：步行者、空間認知、空間選擇、找路
Pedestrian movement has been analyzed by urban geographers and environmental psychologists from the mid-1960’. Particularly, spatial choice is an important part of the spatial movement to researchers. Researchers in the past studies have assumed that pedestrian spatial choice can be viewed as the result of utility-maximizing behavior which pedestrian have full environmental information. It was argued that this assumption may not reflect the real behavior. Because pedestrians do not behave with full information. The lacks of full information open the way for cognitive behavioral approach to understand the spatial decision-making process of pedestrians.
The aim of this article is to explore how the spatial cognition affects an individual pedestrian’s space choice behavior. The empirical study is conducted in the Shi-Men pedestrian mall in Taipei city and the structural equation model (SEM) is used to obtain the relationship between individual spatial cognition and space choice behavior. The results are shown as follows: First, spatial cognition affects the pedestrian route choice directly but affects stops choice indirectly. The pedestrian spatial cognitive outcome directly affects the environmental attractiveness of stops, the environmental attractiveness of stops directly affects the individual shopping preference and the individual shopping preference directly affects the choice desire of stops when pedestrians choice stops in pedestrian mall. The environmental active attractiveness of stops directly affects the spatial cognition and the spatial cognitive outcome directly affects the desire of space on pedestrians route choice. Spatial cognition includes two parts: one is wayfinding cognition and the other is local environmental information cognition. Second, the factors of pedestrian wayfinding include the degree of difficulty of wayfinding, the local environmental information and the individual familiarity of space. Among these factors, the local environmental information is the main factor of pedestrian wayfinding. Pedestrian wayfinding is influenced by direct factor as well as indirect factor of the local environmental information.

Keywords：Pedestrian, Spatial choice, Spatial cognition, Wayfinding.
參考文獻 參考文獻
中文部份
1.王天佑，黃芳銘(1999)，「對中大學生環境認知、態度與行為研究調查」，中大社會人文學報，8，189-216。
2.王姵琪(2000)， 西門徒步空間改造與網絡整合，台灣大學園藝研究所碩論。
3.台北市都市發展局(民83年10月20日)，「台北市徒步區闢建及管理維護辦法」，台北市政府。民93年9月29日，取自http://www.planning.taipei.gov.tw/5/501/
50101/551.htm。
4.呂玉琪(1995)，方向和距離與認知地圖之關係，中正大學心理學系碩論。
5.李永展(1980)，「認知圖與偏好矩陣─環境心理學研究方法之介紹」，國立台灣大學城鄉研究學報，5(1)。
6.李永展(1998)，都市服務設施認知與設施意象圖之研究，政治大學地政學系，國科會研究報告(NSC87-2415-H-004-016)。
7.李素馨、蘇群超(1999)，「大坑登山步道遊憩環境與選擇行為關係之研究」，戶外遊憩研究，12(4)，21-24。
8.林欽榮(1986)，「行人的天地─西門徒步區構想」，都市交通月刊，3，5-9。
9.胡幼慧(1994)，質化研究─理論、方法及本土女性研究實例，心理出版社，台北。
10.胡凱傑(2003)，以知覺價值模式為基礎探討汽車客運業乘客再搭乘意願之影響因素，交通大學運輸科技與管理學系博論。
11. Babbie, E. 著，李美華等譯，1998，社會科學研究方法，初版，時英出版社，台北。
12. Maxwell, J. A. 著，高熏芳等譯(2001)，質化研究設計─一種互動取向的方法，初版，心理出版社，台北。
13.陳正昌、程炳林、陳新豐、劉子鍵(2003)，多變量分析方法─統計軟體應用，初版，五南出版社，台北。
14.陳格理(1999)，「圖書館尋路工作之理念與設計」，中國圖書館學會會報，62，119-134。
15.陳墀吉(1997)，世新學院校園地方偏好之研究，中國文化大學地理學系地理研究報告，10，78-99。
16.陳婷妤(2000)，街道物件促進商業空間溝通活化之研究─以台北市西門町行人徒步區空間為例，東海工業設計研究所碩論。
17.陳順宇(2000)，多變量分析，第二版，華泰書局，台北。
18.畢恆達(2001)，“環境心理學”上課講義，未出版，台灣大學城鄉研究所。
19.溫日宏(1995)，新市鎮人行步道系統規劃與設計之研究─以高雄新市鎮綜合示範社區為例，交大交通運輸研究所碩論。
20.黃芳銘(2002)，結構方程模式理論與應用，初版，五南圖書，台北。
21.黃俊杰(1999)，都市人行道界面組成型態對行人知覺影響之研究，台大園藝研究所碩論。
22.黃富瑜(1998)，淡水捷運使用者對沿線景觀知覺與偏好之探討，台大園藝研究所碩論。
23.張文峰(2000)，以使用者行為的觀點探討都市公共空間─以台北市西門行人徒步區為例，中華大學建築與都市計畫研究所碩論。
24.曾國雄、鄧振源(1984)，多變量分析(I)─理論應用篇，初版，華泰書局，台北。
25.馮正民、林楨家、邱裕鈞(2001)「交通運輸與都市區域之研究方法與發展」區域研究及人文地理學門【研究方法及資料庫運用】研討會，行政院國科會人文及社會科學發展處。
26.董娟鳴、楊致祥(2003)，「西門徒步區步行者個體空間決策模式之探討」，2003設計學術研究成果研討會，台北：中華民國設計學會。
27.董娟鳴(2004)，「西門徒步區步行者個體空間選擇影響因素之初探」，中華技術學院36週年校慶論文發表會：土木建築類組論文，(pp.1-11)，中華技術學院編，台北。
28.董娟鳴、馮正民、邊泰明(2002)，「影響都市行人徒步區使用者空間認知因素
之研究」，國科會獎勵技職院校應用先期研究計畫(計畫編號：NSC 91-2626-H-157-001)。
29.董娟鳴、馮正民、邊泰明(2004)，「都市行人徒步區步行者找路判斷影響因素之分析」，建築學報，47，1-14。
30.董娟鳴、馮正民、邊泰明(2004)，「徒步區步行者空間認知對活動點空間選擇之影響分析」，戶外遊憩研究，17(2)，69-95。
31.董娟鳴、馮正民、邊泰明(2004)，「徒步區步行者空間認知對路徑選擇影響之研究」，都市與計畫，31(3)，269-291。
32.潘榮傑(1999)，都市意象之研究─以台北西門町地區為例，台灣科技大學工程技術研究所碩論。
33.鄭昭明(1993)，認知心理學理論與實踐，97年9月修定三刷，桂冠出版社，台北。
34.蕭秀玲、莊慧秋、黃漢耀譯(1991)，環境心理學，初版，心理出版社，台北。
英文部分
35. Allen, G. L. (1999). Spatial abilities, cognitive map, and wayfinding. In R.G. Golledge (ed.), Wayfinding behavior , Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press., 46-80.
36. Amorim, M. A. (1999). A neurocognitive approach to human navigation. In R.G. Golledge (ed.), Wayfinding behavior , Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press., 152-167.
37. Anderson, J. C. and Gerbing, D.W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommend two-step approach. Psychological bulletin, 103, 411-423.
38. Axelord, R. (1976), Structure of decision─The cognitive map of political elites, London: Princeton university press.
39. Banerjee, T. and Southworth, M. (ed.) (1991), City sence and city design─Writing and projects of Kevin Lynch, Cambridge:The MIT press.
40. Borgers, A. W. J. and Timmermans, H. J. P. (1986). A model of pedestrian route choice and demand for retail facilities within Inner-City shopping area. Geographical analysis, 18(2), 115-128.
41. Borgers, A. W. J. and Timmermans, H. J. P. (1986). City centre entry points, store location patterns and pedestrian route choice behaviour: a microlevel simulation model, Socio-economic planning sciences ,20, 25-31.
42. Borgers, A. W. J. and Timmermans, H. J. P. (1987). A model of pedestrian route choice and demand for retail facilities within Inner-City shopping area. Geographical analysis, 18(2),115-128.
43. Cornell, E. H., Donald H. and Alberts, D. M. (1994). Place recognition and way finding by children and adults. Memory and cognition, 22(6), 633-643.
44. Downs, R. M. and Stea, D. (1973). Theory. In R.M. Downs and D. Stea, Eds., Image and environment. Chicago: Aldine press, 1-7.
45. Freksa, C., Habel, C. and Wender, K.F. (ed.) (1998). Spatial cognition- an interdisciplinary approach to representing and processing spatial knowledge. Berlin: Springer-Verlag press.
46. G&auml;rling, T., Book, A., and Lindberg, E. (1986). Spatial orientation and wayfinding in the designed environment：A conceptual analysis and some suggestions for post occupancy evaluation. Journal of architectural and planning research, 3(3), 55-64.
47. G&auml;rling, T. (1989). The role of cognitive maps in spatial decisions. Journal of environmental psychology, 9, 269-278.
48. G&auml;rling, T., Karlsson, N., Romanus J., and Selart, M. (1997). Influences of the past on choice on the future. In R. Ranyard, R. Crozier, and O. Sevenson(eds.), Decision making:Models and explanations, London: Routledge,167-188.
49. G&auml;rling, T. (1999). Human information processing in sequential spatial choice. In R.G. Golledge (ed.). Wayfinding behavior, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 81-98.
50. Gerbing, D.W. and Anderson, J.C (1988). An updated paradigm for scale development incorporating unidimensionality and its assessment, Journal of Marketing research, Vol. XXV ,186-192.
51. Golledge, R.G. (1999). Human wayfinding and cognitive map. In R.G. Golledge (ed.), Wayfinding behavior, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins university press, 5-45.
52. Golledge, R.G. (ed.) (1999). Wayfinding behavior, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
53. Hart, R.A. and Moore G.T. (1976). Extracts from the development of spatial cognition. In Proshansky, H.M., Ittelson, W. H. and Rivlin, L.G. (ed.), Environmental psychology, people and their physical settings, Holt: Rinehart and Winston press, 258-281.
54. Hatcher, L. (1994). Step-by-step approach to using the SAS system for factor analysis and structural equation model, 3rd, Cary :SAS Institute Inc.
55. Hayes-Roth B. , Hayes-Roth E. (1979). A cognitive model of planning. Cognitive science , 3, 275-310.
56. Hillier, B. (1996). Space is the machine. Cambridge:Cambridge university press.
57. Hirtle, S. C. and G&auml;rling, T. (1992). Heuristic rules for sequential spatial decisions. Geoforum, 23(2), 227-238.
58. Hoogendoorn, S. P. and Bovy, P. H. L. (2004). Pedestrian route-choice and activity scheduling theory and models. Transportation research part B, 38,169-190.
59. Ingwerson, P. (1982). Research procedures in the library: analyzed from the cognitive point of view. Journal of documentation, 38, 168.
60. Kaplan and Kaplan (1981). Cognition and environment functioning in an uncertain world, Ann Arbor :Ulrich’s bookstore press.
61. Kitchin, R.M. (1994). Cognitive maps: What are they and why study them. Journal of environmental psychology, 14, 1-19.
62. Kurose, S. Borgers, A.W. J. and Timmermans, H. J. P. (2001). Classify pedestrian shopping behaviour according to implied heuristic rules. Environment and planning B, 28, 405-418.
63. Kvale, Steinar (1996). Interviews: an introduction to qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks, Sage.
64. Lawton, C.A. (1994) Gender differences in way-finding strategies: relationship to spatial ability and spatial anxiety. Sex roles, 30, 765-779.
65. Lovas, G. C. (1994). Modeling and simulation of pedestrian traffic flow. Transportation research B, 28(6), 429-443.
66. Miller, H. J. (1992). Human wayfinding, environment-behavior relationships, and artificial intelligence. Journal of planning literature, 7(2), 139-149.
67. Moore, G. T. (1979). Knowing about environmental knowing: the current state of theory and research on environmental cognition. Environment and behavior, 11, 33-70.
68. Norman, D. (1988). The design of everyday things. Doubleday press.
69. Olshavsky, R. W., Mackay, D. B., and Sentell, G. (1975). Perceptual maps of supermarket locations. Journal of applied psychology , 60, 80-86.
70. Payne, J.W. , Bettman, J.R. and Johnson, E.J. (1992). The adaptive decision maker. New York : Cambridge University press.
71. Peponis, J., Ross, C. and Rashid, M. (1997).The structure of urban space, movement and co-presence: the case of Atlanta. Geoforum, 28(3-4), 341-358.
72. Prestopnik, J. L. and Roskos-Ewoldsen, B. (2000). The relations among wayfinding strategy use, sense of direction, sex, familiarity, and wayfinding ability. Journal of environmental psychology, 20, 177-191.
73. Portugali, J. (ed.) (1996). The construction of cognitive map. Dordrecht :Kluwer academics publishers.
74. Raubal, M. and Egenhofer, M. J. (1998). Comparing the complexity of wayfinding tasks in built environments, Environment and planning B, 25, 895-913.
75. S&auml;is&auml;, J. and G&auml;rling, T. (1987). Sequential spatial choice in the large-scale environment. Environment and behavior, 19(5), 614-635.
76. Siegel, A.W. and White, S.H. (1975). The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments, In H. W. Reese Ed., advances in child development and behavior. Vol.10, New York: H Reese Academic Press.
77. Stea, D. and Blaut, M. (1973). Some preliminary observations on spatial learning in school children. In R.M. Downs and D. Stea, Eds., Image and environment. Chicago: Aldine, 226-234.
78. Stern, E. and Portugali, J. (1999). Environmental cognition and decision making in urban navigation. In R. G. Golledge (ed.), Wayfinding behavior, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins university press, 99-119 .
79. Timmermans, H. and Golledge, R. G. (1990). Applications of behavioural research on spatial problems ΙΙ: Preference and choice. Progress in human geography, 14, 312-353.
80. Tolman, E. C. (1948). Cognitive map in rats and men. Psychological review, 55, 189-208.
81. Weisman, J. (1981). Evaluating architectural legibility: Wayfinding in the built environment, Environment and behavior,13, 189-204.
描述 博士
國立政治大學
地政研究所
88257502
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0088257502
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 馮正民<br>邊泰明zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Feng, Cheng Min<br>Ben, Tai-Mingen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 董娟鳴zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tung, Chuan Mingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 董娟鳴zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Tung, Chuan Mingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 16:09:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 16:09:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 16:09:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0088257502en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/35830-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 地政研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 88257502zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 步行者在都市環境之移動與空間選擇行為，是規劃者長久以來在進行都市空間規劃與分析之重要課題。其中，對步行者行為的了解，更是進行都市空間分析的重要課題。一般來說，步行者的活動行為與空間選擇，會受環境資訊與過去空間經驗等認知之影響，步行者在複雜的都市空間中活動時，如何在環境中進行空間選擇？在空間選擇時，步行者對空間之認知狀況，又會對其空間選擇產生什麼影響？則是一個有趣的課題。
然而，過去探討步行者空間選擇之相關研究，極少全面探討空間認知對個體空間選擇產生之影響，故本研究之目的，在探索步行者空間認知結果，如何影響其對空間選擇意願。本研究以台北市西門徒步區為例，將步行者之空間選擇分為活動點選擇、找路判斷與路徑選擇三部份，分別運用理論歸納、訪談與探索性因素分析(EFA)，建立步行者空間選擇影響因素後，再運用結構方程模式(SEM)，探討步行者對空間選擇影響因素及影響關係，將步行者“空間認知”對其空間選擇之影響關係進行呈現。
研究結果顯示，個體空間認知結果是影響個體空間選擇意願之主要影響因素，其對步行者活動點選擇之影響為間接影響，對步行者路徑選擇之影響則為直接影響，而個體空間認知結果包含了個體找路判斷認知結果與地區環境資訊認知結果兩部分。
在步行者找路判斷之影響因素方面，影響個體步行者找路判斷之因素，分別為地區環境資訊因素與個體空間熟悉因素；其中，地區環境資訊因素為主要影響因素，地區環境資訊因素並對個體找路判斷同時具有直接與間接之影響。
此外，在影響途徑方面，步行者於活動點選擇時，空間認知結果會透過影響地區環境對步行者之吸引，間接影響個體逛選偏好，而個體逛選偏好則對個體活動點空間選擇之意願具有直接影響。而在步行者路徑選擇時，空間認知結果會直接影響步行者之路徑選擇意願，而地區活動吸引亦會透過直接影響個體空間認知結果，間接影響步行者路徑選擇意願。


關鍵字：步行者、空間認知、空間選擇、找路		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Pedestrian movement has been analyzed by urban geographers and environmental psychologists from the mid-1960’. Particularly, spatial choice is an important part of the spatial movement to researchers. Researchers in the past studies have assumed that pedestrian spatial choice can be viewed as the result of utility-maximizing behavior which pedestrian have full environmental information. It was argued that this assumption may not reflect the real behavior. Because pedestrians do not behave with full information. The lacks of full information open the way for cognitive behavioral approach to understand the spatial decision-making process of pedestrians.
The aim of this article is to explore how the spatial cognition affects an individual pedestrian’s space choice behavior. The empirical study is conducted in the Shi-Men pedestrian mall in Taipei city and the structural equation model (SEM) is used to obtain the relationship between individual spatial cognition and space choice behavior. The results are shown as follows: First, spatial cognition affects the pedestrian route choice directly but affects stops choice indirectly. The pedestrian spatial cognitive outcome directly affects the environmental attractiveness of stops, the environmental attractiveness of stops directly affects the individual shopping preference and the individual shopping preference directly affects the choice desire of stops when pedestrians choice stops in pedestrian mall. The environmental active attractiveness of stops directly affects the spatial cognition and the spatial cognitive outcome directly affects the desire of space on pedestrians route choice. Spatial cognition includes two parts: one is wayfinding cognition and the other is local environmental information cognition. Second, the factors of pedestrian wayfinding include the degree of difficulty of wayfinding, the local environmental information and the individual familiarity of space. Among these factors, the local environmental information is the main factor of pedestrian wayfinding. Pedestrian wayfinding is influenced by direct factor as well as indirect factor of the local environmental information.

Keywords：Pedestrian, Spatial choice, Spatial cognition, Wayfinding.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論
1-1 研究動機
1-2 研究目的與內容
1-3 研究範圍與對象
1-4 研究方法
1-5 研究流程

第二章 相關理論與文獻歸納
2-1 空間認知理論
2-1-1 空間認知之定義與影響因素
2-1-2 空間認知理論發展
2-1-3 大尺度環境的空間認知發展─認知圖
2-1-4 內在展現網絡

2-2 個體空間選擇影響因素
2-2-1 個體空間選擇之特性與影響因素
2-2-2 個體路徑選擇之特性
2-2-3 影響個體路徑選擇之因素

2-3 找路行為
2-3-1 找路之定義與方式
2-3-2 影響找路行為之因素

2-4 小結

第三章 研究步驟與研究方法
3-1 研究步驟之建立

3-2 模式分析方法之選擇
3-2-1 質化訪談
3-2-2 探索性因子分析
3-2-3 結構型方程模式
3-2-4 其他資料分析方法

3-3 實證地點選擇

第四章 步行者空間選擇影響因素與影響概念模式之建立
4-1 步行者空間選擇影響變數之初擬
4-1-1 訪談結果分析
4-1-2 研究基本假設研擬與步行者空間選擇順序之建立
4-1-3 步行者空間選擇影響變數之初擬

4-2 步行者空間選擇影響因素與衡量變數之建立
4-2-1 EFA問卷之研擬與問卷抽樣方法之確立
4-2-2 步行者活動點選擇影響因素之建構
4-2-3 徒步區步行者找路判斷影響因素之建構
4-2-4 步行者路徑選擇影響因素之建構

4-3 步行者空間選擇影響概念模式之建構
4-3-1 步行者活動點選擇影響概念模式之建構
4-3-2 步行者找路判斷影響概念模式之建構
4-3-3 步行者路徑選擇影響概念模式之建構

第五章 步行者空間選擇影響模式驗證結果分析
5-1 問卷資料蒐集與分析
5-1-1 問卷資料蒐集
5-1-2 樣本初步分析

5-2 步行者活動點選擇影響模式分析
5-2-1 測量模式：驗證性因素分析結果
5-2-2 影響模式驗證結果

5-3 行者找路判斷容易度影響模式分析
5-3-1 測量模式：驗證性因素分析結果
5-3-2 影響模式驗證結果

5-4 步行者路徑選擇影響模式分析
5-4-1 測量模式：驗證性因素分析結果
5-4-2 影響模式驗證結果

第六章 理論驗證與分析
6-1 步行者空間認知對空間選擇模式影響分析
6-1-1 活動點選擇部份
6-1-2 找路判斷部份
6-1-3 路徑選擇部份

6-2 步行者空間選擇影響模型之比較分析
6-3 空間認知理論驗證

第七章 結論與建議
7-1 結論
7-2 建議與後續研究

參考文獻
附錄		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 11882 bytes-
dc.format.extent 57946 bytes-
dc.format.extent 68673 bytes-
dc.format.extent 208032 bytes-
dc.format.extent 369295 bytes-
dc.format.extent 349037 bytes-
dc.format.extent 682395 bytes-
dc.format.extent 736165 bytes-
dc.format.extent 122952 bytes-
dc.format.extent 120929 bytes-
dc.format.extent 229134 bytes-
dc.format.extent 329065 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0088257502en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 空間認知zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 空間選擇zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 找路zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 步行者zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) spatial cognitionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) spatial choiceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) wayfindingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) pedestrianen_US
dc.title (題名) 步行者空間認知對空間選擇影響之研究─以台北西門徒步區為例zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部份zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1.王天佑，黃芳銘(1999)，「對中大學生環境認知、態度與行為研究調查」，中大社會人文學報，8，189-216。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2.王姵琪(2000)， 西門徒步空間改造與網絡整合，台灣大學園藝研究所碩論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3.台北市都市發展局(民83年10月20日)，「台北市徒步區闢建及管理維護辦法」，台北市政府。民93年9月29日，取自http://www.planning.taipei.gov.tw/5/501/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 50101/551.htm。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4.呂玉琪(1995)，方向和距離與認知地圖之關係，中正大學心理學系碩論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5.李永展(1980)，「認知圖與偏好矩陣─環境心理學研究方法之介紹」，國立台灣大學城鄉研究學報，5(1)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6.李永展(1998)，都市服務設施認知與設施意象圖之研究，政治大學地政學系，國科會研究報告(NSC87-2415-H-004-016)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7.李素馨、蘇群超(1999)，「大坑登山步道遊憩環境與選擇行為關係之研究」，戶外遊憩研究，12(4)，21-24。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8.林欽榮(1986)，「行人的天地─西門徒步區構想」，都市交通月刊，3，5-9。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9.胡幼慧(1994)，質化研究─理論、方法及本土女性研究實例，心理出版社，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10.胡凱傑(2003)，以知覺價值模式為基礎探討汽車客運業乘客再搭乘意願之影響因素，交通大學運輸科技與管理學系博論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11. Babbie, E. 著，李美華等譯，1998，社會科學研究方法，初版，時英出版社，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12. Maxwell, J. A. 著，高熏芳等譯(2001)，質化研究設計─一種互動取向的方法，初版，心理出版社，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13.陳正昌、程炳林、陳新豐、劉子鍵(2003)，多變量分析方法─統計軟體應用，初版，五南出版社，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14.陳格理(1999)，「圖書館尋路工作之理念與設計」，中國圖書館學會會報，62，119-134。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 15.陳墀吉(1997)，世新學院校園地方偏好之研究，中國文化大學地理學系地理研究報告，10，78-99。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 16.陳婷妤(2000)，街道物件促進商業空間溝通活化之研究─以台北市西門町行人徒步區空間為例，東海工業設計研究所碩論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 17.陳順宇(2000)，多變量分析，第二版，華泰書局，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 18.畢恆達(2001)，“環境心理學”上課講義，未出版，台灣大學城鄉研究所。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 19.溫日宏(1995)，新市鎮人行步道系統規劃與設計之研究─以高雄新市鎮綜合示範社區為例，交大交通運輸研究所碩論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 20.黃芳銘(2002)，結構方程模式理論與應用，初版，五南圖書，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 21.黃俊杰(1999)，都市人行道界面組成型態對行人知覺影響之研究，台大園藝研究所碩論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 22.黃富瑜(1998)，淡水捷運使用者對沿線景觀知覺與偏好之探討，台大園藝研究所碩論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 23.張文峰(2000)，以使用者行為的觀點探討都市公共空間─以台北市西門行人徒步區為例，中華大學建築與都市計畫研究所碩論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 24.曾國雄、鄧振源(1984)，多變量分析(I)─理論應用篇，初版，華泰書局，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 25.馮正民、林楨家、邱裕鈞(2001)「交通運輸與都市區域之研究方法與發展」區域研究及人文地理學門【研究方法及資料庫運用】研討會，行政院國科會人文及社會科學發展處。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 26.董娟鳴、楊致祥(2003)，「西門徒步區步行者個體空間決策模式之探討」，2003設計學術研究成果研討會，台北：中華民國設計學會。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 27.董娟鳴(2004)，「西門徒步區步行者個體空間選擇影響因素之初探」，中華技術學院36週年校慶論文發表會：土木建築類組論文，(pp.1-11)，中華技術學院編，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 28.董娟鳴、馮正民、邊泰明(2002)，「影響都市行人徒步區使用者空間認知因素zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 之研究」，國科會獎勵技職院校應用先期研究計畫(計畫編號：NSC 91-2626-H-157-001)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 29.董娟鳴、馮正民、邊泰明(2004)，「都市行人徒步區步行者找路判斷影響因素之分析」，建築學報，47，1-14。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 30.董娟鳴、馮正民、邊泰明(2004)，「徒步區步行者空間認知對活動點空間選擇之影響分析」，戶外遊憩研究，17(2)，69-95。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 31.董娟鳴、馮正民、邊泰明(2004)，「徒步區步行者空間認知對路徑選擇影響之研究」，都市與計畫，31(3)，269-291。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 32.潘榮傑(1999)，都市意象之研究─以台北西門町地區為例，台灣科技大學工程技術研究所碩論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 33.鄭昭明(1993)，認知心理學理論與實踐，97年9月修定三刷，桂冠出版社，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 34.蕭秀玲、莊慧秋、黃漢耀譯(1991)，環境心理學，初版，心理出版社，台北。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 35. Allen, G. L. (1999). Spatial abilities, cognitive map, and wayfinding. In R.G. Golledge (ed.), Wayfinding behavior , Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press., 46-80.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 36. Amorim, M. A. (1999). A neurocognitive approach to human navigation. In R.G. Golledge (ed.), Wayfinding behavior , Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press., 152-167.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 37. Anderson, J. C. and Gerbing, D.W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommend two-step approach. Psychological bulletin, 103, 411-423.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 38. Axelord, R. (1976), Structure of decision─The cognitive map of political elites, London: Princeton university press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 39. Banerjee, T. and Southworth, M. (ed.) (1991), City sence and city design─Writing and projects of Kevin Lynch, Cambridge:The MIT press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 40. Borgers, A. W. J. and Timmermans, H. J. P. (1986). A model of pedestrian route choice and demand for retail facilities within Inner-City shopping area. Geographical analysis, 18(2), 115-128.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 41. Borgers, A. W. J. and Timmermans, H. J. P. (1986). City centre entry points, store location patterns and pedestrian route choice behaviour: a microlevel simulation model, Socio-economic planning sciences ,20, 25-31.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 42. Borgers, A. W. J. and Timmermans, H. J. P. (1987). A model of pedestrian route choice and demand for retail facilities within Inner-City shopping area. Geographical analysis, 18(2),115-128.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 43. Cornell, E. H., Donald H. and Alberts, D. M. (1994). Place recognition and way finding by children and adults. Memory and cognition, 22(6), 633-643.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 44. Downs, R. M. and Stea, D. (1973). Theory. In R.M. Downs and D. Stea, Eds., Image and environment. Chicago: Aldine press, 1-7.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 45. Freksa, C., Habel, C. and Wender, K.F. (ed.) (1998). Spatial cognition- an interdisciplinary approach to representing and processing spatial knowledge. Berlin: Springer-Verlag press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 46. G&auml;rling, T., Book, A., and Lindberg, E. (1986). Spatial orientation and wayfinding in the designed environment：A conceptual analysis and some suggestions for post occupancy evaluation. Journal of architectural and planning research, 3(3), 55-64.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 47. G&auml;rling, T. (1989). The role of cognitive maps in spatial decisions. Journal of environmental psychology, 9, 269-278.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 48. G&auml;rling, T., Karlsson, N., Romanus J., and Selart, M. (1997). Influences of the past on choice on the future. In R. Ranyard, R. Crozier, and O. Sevenson(eds.), Decision making:Models and explanations, London: Routledge,167-188.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 49. G&auml;rling, T. (1999). Human information processing in sequential spatial choice. In R.G. Golledge (ed.). Wayfinding behavior, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 81-98.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 50. Gerbing, D.W. and Anderson, J.C (1988). An updated paradigm for scale development incorporating unidimensionality and its assessment, Journal of Marketing research, Vol. XXV ,186-192.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 51. Golledge, R.G. (1999). Human wayfinding and cognitive map. In R.G. Golledge (ed.), Wayfinding behavior, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins university press, 5-45.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 52. Golledge, R.G. (ed.) (1999). Wayfinding behavior, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 53. Hart, R.A. and Moore G.T. (1976). Extracts from the development of spatial cognition. In Proshansky, H.M., Ittelson, W. H. and Rivlin, L.G. (ed.), Environmental psychology, people and their physical settings, Holt: Rinehart and Winston press, 258-281.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 54. Hatcher, L. (1994). Step-by-step approach to using the SAS system for factor analysis and structural equation model, 3rd, Cary :SAS Institute Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 55. Hayes-Roth B. , Hayes-Roth E. (1979). A cognitive model of planning. Cognitive science , 3, 275-310.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 56. Hillier, B. (1996). Space is the machine. Cambridge:Cambridge university press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 57. Hirtle, S. C. and G&auml;rling, T. (1992). Heuristic rules for sequential spatial decisions. Geoforum, 23(2), 227-238.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 58. Hoogendoorn, S. P. and Bovy, P. H. L. (2004). Pedestrian route-choice and activity scheduling theory and models. Transportation research part B, 38,169-190.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 59. Ingwerson, P. (1982). Research procedures in the library: analyzed from the cognitive point of view. Journal of documentation, 38, 168.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 60. Kaplan and Kaplan (1981). Cognition and environment functioning in an uncertain world, Ann Arbor :Ulrich’s bookstore press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 61. Kitchin, R.M. (1994). Cognitive maps: What are they and why study them. Journal of environmental psychology, 14, 1-19.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 62. Kurose, S. Borgers, A.W. J. and Timmermans, H. J. P. (2001). Classify pedestrian shopping behaviour according to implied heuristic rules. Environment and planning B, 28, 405-418.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 63. Kvale, Steinar (1996). Interviews: an introduction to qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks, Sage.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 64. Lawton, C.A. (1994) Gender differences in way-finding strategies: relationship to spatial ability and spatial anxiety. Sex roles, 30, 765-779.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 65. Lovas, G. C. (1994). Modeling and simulation of pedestrian traffic flow. Transportation research B, 28(6), 429-443.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 66. Miller, H. J. (1992). Human wayfinding, environment-behavior relationships, and artificial intelligence. Journal of planning literature, 7(2), 139-149.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 67. Moore, G. T. (1979). Knowing about environmental knowing: the current state of theory and research on environmental cognition. Environment and behavior, 11, 33-70.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 68. Norman, D. (1988). The design of everyday things. Doubleday press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 69. Olshavsky, R. W., Mackay, D. B., and Sentell, G. (1975). Perceptual maps of supermarket locations. Journal of applied psychology , 60, 80-86.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 70. Payne, J.W. , Bettman, J.R. and Johnson, E.J. (1992). The adaptive decision maker. New York : Cambridge University press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 71. Peponis, J., Ross, C. and Rashid, M. (1997).The structure of urban space, movement and co-presence: the case of Atlanta. Geoforum, 28(3-4), 341-358.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 72. Prestopnik, J. L. and Roskos-Ewoldsen, B. (2000). The relations among wayfinding strategy use, sense of direction, sex, familiarity, and wayfinding ability. Journal of environmental psychology, 20, 177-191.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 73. Portugali, J. (ed.) (1996). The construction of cognitive map. Dordrecht :Kluwer academics publishers.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 74. Raubal, M. and Egenhofer, M. J. (1998). Comparing the complexity of wayfinding tasks in built environments, Environment and planning B, 25, 895-913.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 75. S&auml;is&auml;, J. and G&auml;rling, T. (1987). Sequential spatial choice in the large-scale environment. Environment and behavior, 19(5), 614-635.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 76. Siegel, A.W. and White, S.H. (1975). The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments, In H. W. Reese Ed., advances in child development and behavior. Vol.10, New York: H Reese Academic Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 77. Stea, D. and Blaut, M. (1973). Some preliminary observations on spatial learning in school children. In R.M. Downs and D. Stea, Eds., Image and environment. Chicago: Aldine, 226-234.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 78. Stern, E. and Portugali, J. (1999). Environmental cognition and decision making in urban navigation. In R. G. Golledge (ed.), Wayfinding behavior, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins university press, 99-119 .zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 79. Timmermans, H. and Golledge, R. G. (1990). Applications of behavioural research on spatial problems ΙΙ: Preference and choice. Progress in human geography, 14, 312-353.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 80. Tolman, E. C. (1948). Cognitive map in rats and men. Psychological review, 55, 189-208.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 81. Weisman, J. (1981). Evaluating architectural legibility: Wayfinding in the built environment, Environment and behavior,13, 189-204.zh_TW