| dc.contributor.advisor | 別蓮蒂<br>樓永堅 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 陳嬿伊 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | Chen, Etta Y. I. | en_US |
| dc.creator (作者) | 陳嬿伊 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | Chen, Etta Y. I. | en_US |
| dc.date (日期) | 2006 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 18-Sep-2009 19:56:28 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.available | 18-Sep-2009 19:56:28 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 18-Sep-2009 19:56:28 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0903555021 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/36851 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 博士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 企業管理研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 90355502 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 95 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | 本研究主要目的在探討價格離散對消費者價格知覺的影響。藉由心理物理理論—適應水準理論、範圍理論與範圍頻次理論，為理論基礎以預測價格刺激在價格離散市場對消費者價格知覺判斷的影響，且基於物理刺激與價格刺激的本質差異，針對價格刺激的價值特性，提出兩點作為價格離散效果的推論基礎。第一、消費者對金錢損失與利得的不對稱反應，使得消費者對低價刺激比高價刺激更敏感。第二、價格資訊複雜時，消費者傾向以價格帶的價格頻次作為處理價格資訊的捷思。本論文藉由三個系列研究，以實驗設計法，將價格離散的效果來源區分為平均價格、價格範圍、價格範圍端點與價格型態四方面探討。研究一結果發現，價格範圍會降低消費者能接受的最低價格水準並影響消費者的預期最低價格。低平均價格則會降低消費者可接受的最高價格。因此，當市場價格離散程度提高，市場價格範圍變寬或平均價格降低時，會使得消費者的可接受價格帶價格水準降低。可接受價格帶降低會影響價格判斷結果。在消費者主觀知覺上，寬價格範圍使得消費者知覺價格離散程度提高，代表著知覺價格差異、知覺價格不一致與知覺價格混亂三方面的指標都提高。研究二則進一步證實，市場低價端點與高價端點對消費者的影響權重並不對稱。結果顯示，低價端點的寬價格範圍組會拉低可接受價格帶，然而，高價端點的寬價格範圍組並不會提高可接受價格帶，這是由於消費者對低價與高價的不對稱反應，使得低價與高價對消費者的影響權重有別。同時，在少數低價端點的高價格離散市場，消費者會感受到較高的價格離散程度，主要反映在知覺價格差異與不一致程度；相對地，若是少數高價端點的高價格離散市場，知覺價格離散程度不會顯著提高。一般在運用心理物理理論時，並未提到低價端點與高價端點的相對影響上的不同，事實上則會降低理論預測消費者面對市場價格差異的真實反應。 研究三探討集中分佈與兩極分佈兩種價格型態的影響，結果顯示價格分佈對可接受價格並無顯著影響。然而，兩極價格呈現的是市場價格變異很大的高價格離散市場，確實消費者的知覺價格離散亦有大於集中價格的情況，主要反映在知覺價格混亂程度方面。因此，欲瞭解價格離散對消費者價格知覺的影響，則需從平均價格、價格範圍與價格範圍端點分析之。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | The main purpose of this dissertation is to explore the impact of price dispersion on consumers’ price perception. Borrowing from psychophysics theories, such as Adaptation-Level Theory, Range Theory and Range-Frequency Theory, this research predicts how price stimuli in a product market with high price dispersion have effects on consumers’ price perception and judgments. On top of the difference between physic stimuli and price stimuli which has monetary value attached in nature, two assumptions are proposed for hypothesis inferences. First, consumers have asymmetric responses towards monetary loss and monetary gain, which make them more sensitive to low prices than high prices. Second, consumers tend to use relative price frequency among different price zones as a heuristic to process complicated price information. Therefore, this dissertation conducted three studies, all with experimental designs, to explore the effects of price dispersion from four dimensions- price mean, price range (width), extremely high or low prices and price pattern.This dissertation includes three studies. Study one was designed to explore the effect of price mean and price range. The result indicated that wide price range lowered down the lower boundary of acceptable price. Meanwhile, price range has effect on consumers’ lower boundary of expected price. In contrast, lower mean marked down the upper boundary of acceptable price. Thus, in a market of high price dispersion, the wide price range or lower mean tends to lower down the level of acceptable price, which further influences consumers’ price judgment. In addition, wide price range raised a consumer’s perceived price dispersion, which could be measured from higher perceived price difference, higher perceived price inconsistency and higher perceived price chaos. Study two focused on the effect of extreme prices under high price dispersion. Wide price range with relatively fewer extremely low prices maked down the range of acceptable price. However, wide price range with relatively fewer extremely high prices had no impact at all. This is because of consumers’ asymmetric responses towards low prices and high prices, which make consumer more sensitive to lower prices than high prices. Consumers’ perceived high price dispersion aroused by fewer extremely low prices was mainly the perception of high price difference and price inconsistency. In contrast, fewer extremely high prices would not enhance perceived price dispersion. Past application of psychophysics theories to predict the effect of price stimuli did not emphasize the different weight of low and high prices on consumers’ perception. Then the theories could not fully predict consumers’ real perception of market price difference.Study three further explored the effect of price pattern by comparing two price patterns, normally-centered and bipolarly-separated. The result indicated no effect on the range of acceptable price, but two patterns differed in their perceived price dispersion. What the pattern of bipolarly-separated represented was a market with high price variances, which also led consumers to perceive higher price dispersion, especially higher price chaos. Accordingly, the overall effect of price dispersion should be analyzed through the effect of mean, price range and extreme prices. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 第一章 緒論 1研究動機 1研究目的 8第二章 文獻探討 10心理物理理論與消費者價格判斷 10價格離散 (PRICE DISPERSION) 22內部參考價格 (INTERNAL REFERENCE PRICE) 30價格判斷 (PRICE JUDGMENT) 55第三章 市場價格對消費者價格知覺、判斷之影響 60價格刺激影響判斷的內在機制 60初探研究結果彙整 66價格離散概念與論文架構 70第四章 系列研究 73研究一: 平均價格與價格範圍之影響與假設 73研究程序 84研究結果 91研究二：價格範圍端點之影響與假設 109研究程序 115研究結果 117研究三：價格型態之影響與假設 131研究程序 135研究結果 136系列研究結果彙整 145第五章 結論與建議 149主要發現與結論 149理論意涵 156實務建議與管理意涵 158研究限制與未來研究建議 160參考文獻 164附錄一：實驗網頁範例 173附錄二：實驗問卷 180 | zh_TW |
| dc.format.extent | 52582 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 60030 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 82316 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 102437 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 140595 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 254796 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 129019 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 512378 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 149972 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 288960 bytes | - |
| dc.format.extent | 2075750 bytes | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0903555021 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 價格離散 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 參考價格 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 價格知覺 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 價格判斷 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | price dispersion | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | reference price | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | price perception | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | price judgment | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | 價格離散對消費者價格知覺的影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title (題名) | The Effect of Price Dispersion on Consumers` Price Perception | en_US |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 中文部分 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 張重昭、周宇貞，「知覺品質與參考價格對消費者知覺價值與購買意願之影響」，企業管理學報，第45期，民國88年9月，頁1-36。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 張重昭、周宇貞、張心馨，「促銷價格標示方式與內部參考價格對消費者行為之影響」，管理學報，第23卷第2期，民國95年，頁209-226。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 張重昭、高麗文，「參考價格對消費者行為之影響」，中山管理評論，第3卷第1期，民國84年3月，頁80-99。 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 英文部分 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Alba Joseph W., Susan M. Broniarczyk, Terence A. Shimp, and Joel E. Urbany (1994), “The influence of Prior Belief, Frequency Cues, and Magnitude Cues on Consumers’ Perceptions of Comparative Price Data,” Journal of Consumer Research, 21 (2), 219-235. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, Carl F. Mela, Terence A. Shimp, and Joel E. Urbany (1999), “The Effect of Discount Frequency and Depth on Consumer Price Judgments,” Journal of Consumer Research, 26 (September), 99-114. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Adaval Rashmi and Kent B. Monroe (2002), “Automatic construction and use of contextual information for product and price evaluations,” Journal of Consumer Research, 28 (4), 572-588. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Ancarani, Fabio and Venkatesh Shankar (2004), “Price Levels and Price Dispersion Within and Across Multiple Retailer Types: Further Evidence and Extension,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 32 (2), 176-187. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Bay, Michael T. and John Morgan (2004), “Price Dispersion in the Lab and on the Internet: Theory and Evidence,” The Rand Journal of Economics, 35 (3), 449-466. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Bolton, Lisa E., Luk Warlop, and Joseph W. Alba (2003), “Consumer Perceptions of Price (Un)Fairness,” Journal of Consumer Research, 29 (March), 474-491. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________ and Joseph W. Alba (2006), “Price Fairness: Good and Service Differences and the Role of Vendor Costs,” Journal of Consumer Research, 33 (September), 258-265. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Brucks, Merrie (1985), “The Effects of Product Class Knowledge on Information Search Behavior,” Journal of Consumer Research, 12 (1), 1-16. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Burman, Bidisha and Abhijit Biswas (2004), “Reference Prices in Retail Advertisements: Moderating Effects of Market Price Dispersion and Need for Cognition on Consumer Value Perception and Shopping Intention,” Journal of Product and Brand Management, 13 (6), 379-489. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Campbell, Margaret C. (1999), “Perceptions of Price Unfairness: Antecedents and Consequences,” Journal of Marketing Research, 36 (2), 187-199. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Compeau, Larry D., Dhruv Grewal, and Rajesh Chandrashekaran (2002), “Comparative Price Advertising: Believe It or Not,” The Journal of Consumer Affairs, 36 (2), 284-294. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, John Lindsey-Mullikin, Dhruv Grewal, and Ross D. Petty (2004), “Consumers’ Interpretations of the Semantic Phrases Found in Reference Price Advertisements,” The Journal of Consumer Affairs, 38 (1), 178-187. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Chen, Etta Y. I. and Lien-Ti Bei (2005a), “The Effects of Price Dispersion and Suggested List Price on Consumers’ Internal Reference Price,” in Consumer Interests Annual, Vol. 51, The American Council of Consumer Interests, 160-170. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________ and Lien-Ti Bei (2005b), “How Do Consumers Establish and Modify Their Expected Prices? The Effects of Price Dispersion, Manufacturers’ Suggested Price and Brand Image,” 第三屆全國當代行銷學術研討會嘉義：中正大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Cox, Anthony D. (1986), “New Evidence Concerning Consumer Price Limits,” in Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 13, ed. Richard J. Lutz, Association for Consumer Research, 268-271. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Della Bitta, Albert J. and Kent B. Monroe (1974), “The Influence of Adaptation Levels on Subjective Price Perceptions,” http://www.acrweb.org/, in Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 1, Association for Consumer Research, 359-369. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, Kent B. Monroe, and John M. McGinnis (1981), “Consumer Perceptions of Comparative Price Advertisements,” Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (4), 416-427. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Dhar Tirtha, Kyle W. Stiegert, and Brian W. Gould (2002). Price Dispersion, Search, and Market Power (FSRG Working Paper 2002-8). August 5, 2005, from http://www.aae.wisc.edu/fsrg/publications/wp2002-8.pdf. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Dodds, William B., Kent B. Monroe, and Dhruv Grewal (1991), “Effects of Price, Brand, and Store Information on Buyers` Product Evaluations,” Journal of Marketing Research, 28 (3), 307-319. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Eiser, J. Richard (1990), Social Judgment. Buckingham: Open University Press. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Grewal, Dhruv and H. Marmorstein (1994), “Market Price Variation, Perceived Price Variation, and Consumers’ Price Search Decisions for Durable Goods,” Journal of Consumer Research, 21, (December), 453-460. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Han, Sangman, Sunil Gupta, and Donald R. Lehmann (2001), “Consumer Price Sensitivity and Price Threshold,” Journal of Retailing, 77, 435-456. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Helgeson, James G. and Sharon E. Beatty (1985), “Price Expectation and Price Recall Error: An Empirical Study,” Journal of Consumer Research, 14 (3), 379-386. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Helson, Harry (1964), Adaptation-Level Theory. NY: Harper & Row. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Janiszewski, Chris and Donald R. Lichtenstein (1999), “A Range Theory Account of Price Perception,” Journal of Consumer Research, 25 (March), 353-368. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Jacobson, Robert and Carl Obermiller (1990), “The Formation of Expected Future Price: A Reference Price for Forward-Looking Consumers,” Journal of Consumer Research, 16 (March), 420-432. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kahneman, Daniel, Jack L. Knetsch, and Richard Thaler (1986), “Fairness as a Constraint on Profit Seeking: Entitlements in the Market,” The American Economic Review, 76 (4), 728-741. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, and Amos Tversky (1979), “Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision Under Risk,” Econometrica, 47 (March), 263-91. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kalwani, Manohar U., Chi Kin Yim, Heikkj J. Rinne, and Yoshi Sugita (1990), “A Price Expectation Model of Customer Brand Choice,” Journal of Marketing Research, 27 (August), 251-262. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________ and Chi-Ki Yim (1992), “Consumer Price and Promotion Expectations: An Experimental Study,” Journal of Marketing Research, 29 (February), 90-100. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kalyanaram, Gurumurthy and John D. C. Little (1994), “An Empirical Analysis of Latitude of Price Acceptance in Consumer Package Goods,” Journal of Consumer Research, 21 (December), 408-418. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Klein, Noreen H. and Janet E. Oglethorpe (1987), “Cognitive Reference Points in Consumer Decision Making,” http://www.acrweb.org/, in Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 14, Association for Consumer Research, 183-187. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kopalle, K. Praveen and Joan Lindsey-Mullikin (2003), “The Impact of External Reference Price on Consumer Price Expectations,” Journal of Retailing, 79, 225-236. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kosenko, Rustan and Don Rahtz (1988), “Buyer Market Price Knowledge Influence on Acceptable Price Range and Price Limits,” http://www.acrweb.org/, in Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 15, Association for Consumer Research, 328-331. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Krishna, Aradhna (1991), “Effect of Dealing Patterns on Consumer Perceptions of Deal Frequency and Willingness to Pay,” Journal of Marketing Research, 28 (November), 441-451. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, Mary Wagner, and Carolyn Yoon (2006), “Effects of Extreme-Priced Products on Consumer Reservation Prices,” Journal of Consumer Psychology, 16 (2), 176-190. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Lalwani Ashok K. and Kent B. Monroe (2005), “A Reexamination of Frequency-Depth Effects in Consumer Price Judgments,” Journal of Consumer Research, 32 (December), 480-485. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Lichtenstein Donald R., Peter H. Bloch, and William C. Black (1988), “Correlates of Price Acceptability,” Journal of Consumer Research, 15 (September), 243-252. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, Donald. R. and William O. Bearden (1989), “Contextual Influences on Perceptions of Merchant-Supplied Reference Prices,” Journal of Consumer Research, 16 (June), 55-66. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, Peter H. Bloch, and William C. Black (1988), “Correlates of Price Acceptability,” Journal of Consumer Research, 15 (September), 243-252. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Lindsey-Mullikin Joan, and Dhruv Grewal (2001), “Imperfect Information: The Persistence of Price Dispersion on the Web,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 34 (2), 236-243. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Lurie, Nicholas H., and Joydeep Srivastava (2005), “Price-Matching Guarantees and Consumer Evaluations of Price Information,” Journal of Consumer Psychology, 15 (2), 149-158. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Maynes, E, Scott and Terje Assum (1982), “Informationally Imperfect Consumer Markets: Empirical Findings and Policy Implications,” Journal of Consumer Affairs, 16 (1), 61-87. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Mazumdar, Tridib and Sung Y. Jun (1992), “Effects of Price Uncertainty on Consumer Purchase Budget and Price Thresholds,” Marketing Letters, 3 (October), 323-330. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, S. P. Raj, and Indrajit Sinha (2005), “Reference Price Research: Review and Proposition,” Journal of Marketing, 69 (October), 84-102. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Monroe, Kent B. (1971a), “The Information Content of Prices: A Preliminary Model for Estimating Buyer Response,” Management Science, 17 (8), 519-532. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________ (1971b), “Measuring Price Thresholds by Psychophysics and Latitude of Acceptance,” Journal of Marketing Research, 8 (November), 460-464. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________ (1973), “Buyer’s Subjective Perceptions of Price,” Journal of Marketing Research, 10 (1), 70-80 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, Albert J. Della Bitta, and Susan L. Downey (1977), “Contextual Influences on Subjective Price Perceptions,” Journal of Business Research, 5 (December) 277-291. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________ and Angela Y. Lee (1999), “Remembering Versus Knowing: Issues in Buyers’ Processing of Price Information,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27 (2), 207-225. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Niedrich, Ronald W., Subhash Sharma, and Douglas H. Wedell (2001), “Reference Price and Price perceptions: A Comparison of Alternative Models,” Journal of Consumer Research, 28 (December), 339-354. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Ofir, Chezy (2004), Reexamining Latitude of Price Acceptability and Price Thresholds: Predicting Basic Consumer Reaction to Price,” Journal of Consumer Research, 612-621. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Pan, Xing, Brian T. Ratchford, and Venkatesh Shankar (2002), “Can Price Dispersion in Online Markets Be Explained by Differences in E-Tailer Service Quality,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 30 (4), 433-445. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, Brian T. Ratchford, and Venkatesh Shankar (2004), “Price Dispersion on the Internet: A Review and Direction for Future Research,” Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18 (4), 116-135. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Parducci, Allen (1995), Happiness, Pleasure, and Judgment: The Contextual Theory and Its Applications, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Rao, Akshay R., and Wanda A. Sieben (1992), “The Effect of Prior Knowledge on Price Acceptability and the Type of Information Examined,” Journal of Consumer Research, 19 (September), 256-270. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Rashmi, Adaval and Kent B. Monroe (2002), “Automatic Construction and Use of Contextual Information for Product and Price Evaluations,” Journal of Consumer Research, 28 (4), 572-588. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Sherif, Carolyn W. (1963), “Social Categorization As a Function of Latitude of Acceptance and Series Range,” Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 67 (2), 148-156. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Sherif, Muzafer and Carl I. Hovland (1961), Social Judgment: Assimilation and Contrast Effects in Communication and Attitude Change, New Haven: Yale University Press. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Simonson, Itamar and Aimee Drolet (2004), “Anchoring Effects on Consumers’ Willingness-to-Pay and Willingness to Accept,” Journal of Consumer Research, 31 (December), 681-690. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Stigler, George J. (1961), “The Economics of Information,” The Journal of Political Economy, 69 (3), 213-225. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Thaler, Richard (1983), “Transaction Utility Theory,” in Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 10, ed. Richard P. Bagozzi and Alice M. Tybout, Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Consumer Research, 229-232. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Urbany Joel E. (1986), “An Experimental Examination of the Economics of Information,” Journal of Consumer Research, 13 (September), 257-271. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, William O. Bearden, and Dan C. Weilbaker (1988), “The Effect of Plausible and Exaggerated Reference Prices on Consumer Perceptions and Price Search,” Journal of Consumer Research, 15 (June), 95-110. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, Thomas J. Madden, and Peter R. Dickson (1989), “All’s Not Fair in Pricing: An Initial Look at the Dual Entitlement Principle,” Marketing Letters, 1 (1), 17-25. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________ and Peter R. Dickson (1991), “Consumer Normal Price Estimation: Market versus Personal Standards,” Journal of Consumer Research, 18 (June), 45-51. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ________, Peter R. Dickson, and Rosemary Kalapurakal (1996), “Price Search in the Retail Grocery Market,” Journal of Marketing, 60 (April), 91-104. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Vaidyanathan, Rajiv and Praveen Aggarwal (2003), “Who Is The Fairest of Them all? An Attributional Approach to Price Fairness Perceptions,” Journal of Business Research, 56, 453-463. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Volkmann, John (1951), “Scales of Judgment And Their Implications for Social Psychology,” in Social Psychology at the Crossroads, ed. John H. Rohrer and Muzafer Sherif, NY: Harper, 273-296. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Xia, Lan, Kent B. Monroe, and Jennifer L. Cox (2004), “The Price Is Unfair! A Conceptual Framework of Price Fairness Perceptions,” Journal of Marketing, 68 (October), 1-15. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Zaichkowsky, Judith Lynn (1985), “Measuring the Involvement Construct,” Journal of Consumer Research, 12 (3), 341-352. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Zimmermann, Linda K., and Loren V. Geistfeld (1984), “Economic Factors Which Influence consumer Search for Price Information,” Journal of Consumer Research, 18 (1), 119-130. | zh_TW |
