1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. Publications
  3. College of Commerce
  4. Theses
  5. Item

Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 電子化服務傳遞之協同式定價模式研究
iPrice: A Collaborative Pricing Model for e-Service Bundle Delivery
作者 張瑋倫
Chang,Wei-Lun
貢獻者 苑守慈
Yuan,Soe-Tsyr
張瑋倫
Chang,Wei-Lun
關鍵詞 資訊產品定價
馬可夫鏈
ERG理論
展望理論
Information Goods Pricing
Markov Chain
ERG Theory
Prospect Theory
日期 2006
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 20:15:41 (UTC+8)
摘要 Information goods pricing is an essential and emerging topic in the era of information economy. Myriad researchers have devoted considerable attention to developing and testing methods of information goods pricing. Nevertheless, in addition; there are still certain shortcomings as the challenges to be overcome. This study encompasses several unexplored concepts that have attracted research attention in other disciplines lately, such as collaborative prototyping, prospect theory, ERG theory, and maintenance from design, economic, psychological, and software engineering respectively. This study proposes a novel conceptual framework for information goods pricing and investigates the impact of three advantages: (1) provides collaborative process that could generate several prototypes via trial and error in pricing process, (2) deliberates the belief of consumer and producer by maximizing utility and profit, and (3) offers an appropriate service bundle by interacting with consumer and discovering the actual needs.
Due to the unique cost structure and product characteristics of information goods, conventional pricing strategies are unfeasible, and a differential pricing strategy is crucial. Nevertheless, few models exist for pricing information goods in the e-service industry. This study proposes a novel collaborative pricing model in which customers are active participants in determining product prices and adopt prices and services that meet their changing needs. This study also shows that the collaborative pricing model generates an optimal bundle price at equilibrium with optimal profit and utility. Theoretical proofs and practical implications justify this pricing model, which is essential for future information goods pricing in information economy.
Moreover, we apply iCare e-service delivery as an exemplar and scenario for our system. The objective of iCare is to provide quality e-services to the elderly people anywhere and anytime. The new pricing method will go beyond the current iCare e-service delivery process which furnishes personalized and collaborative bundles. iPrice system for pricing information goods fills the gap among previous literatures which only considers consumers or providers. Different from existing works, iPrice system is novel in integrating distinctively important concepts yielding more benefits to consumers and profits to more providers. Thus, iPrice also guides and provides a roadmap for information goods pricing for future research.
Information goods pricing is an essential and emerging topic in the era of information economy. Myriad researchers have devoted considerable attention to developing and testing methods of information goods pricing. Nevertheless, in addition; there are still certain shortcomings as the challenges to be overcome. This study encompasses several unexplored concepts that have attracted research attention in other disciplines lately, such as collaborative prototyping, prospect theory, ERG theory, and maintenance from design, economic, psychological, and software engineering respectively. This study proposes a novel conceptual framework for information goods pricing and investigates the impact of three advantages: (1) provides collaborative process that could generate several prototypes via trial and error in pricing process, (2) deliberates the belief of consumer and producer by maximizing utility and profit, and (3) offers an appropriate service bundle by interacting with consumer and discovering the actual needs.
Due to the unique cost structure and product characteristics of information goods, conventional pricing strategies are unfeasible, and a differential pricing strategy is crucial. Nevertheless, few models exist for pricing information goods in the e-service industry. This study proposes a novel collaborative pricing model in which customers are active participants in determining product prices and adopt prices and services that meet their changing needs. This study also shows that the collaborative pricing model generates an optimal bundle price at equilibrium with optimal profit and utility. Theoretical proofs and practical implications justify this pricing model, which is essential for future information goods pricing in information economy.
Moreover, we apply iCare e-service delivery as an exemplar and scenario for our system. The objective of iCare is to provide quality e-services to the elderly people anywhere and anytime. The new pricing method will go beyond the current iCare e-service delivery process which furnishes personalized and collaborative bundles. iPrice system for pricing information goods fills the gap among previous literatures which only considers consumers or providers. Different from existing works, iPrice system is novel in integrating distinctively important concepts yielding more benefits to consumers and profits to more providers. Thus, iPrice also guides and provides a roadmap for information goods pricing for future research.
參考文獻 IBM Research Home, “Service Sciences, Management, and Engineering,” http://www.research.ibm.com/ssme/
OECD in Figures, 2005 Edition. http://www.oecd.org/
Population Division, DESA, United Nations. Available at: http://www.un.org/esa/population/
The Government Accountability Office of United States. Available at: http://www.gao.gov/
Administration on Aging, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Available at: http://www.aoa.gov/
Ageing and Life Course of World Health Organization. Available at: http://www.who.int/hpr/ageing/publications.htm
American Association of Homes and Services for the Aging, “Quality First Overview,” Available at: http://www2.aahsa.org/
Zimmerman, B., “Ralph Stacey”“s Agreement & Certainty Matrix”, 2001. Available at: http://www.plexusinstitute.org/edgeware/archive/think/main_aides3.html
Abernathy, W. and Rosenbloom, R. (1968) “Parallel and sequential R&D strategies: Application if a simple model,” IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 15, No.1.
Adlam, T. D. and Orpwood, R. D. (2004) “Taking the Gloucester Smart House from the Laboratory to the Living Room,” Proceeding of UbiHealth04 Conference
Agarwal, M. and Chatterjee, S. (2003) “Complexity, Uniqueness, and Similarity in Between-Bundle Choice“, The Journal of Product and Brand Management, 12, 6/7, pp. 358 - 376.
Alderfer, C. P. (1972) Existence, relatedness, and growth. New York: Free Press
Altinkemer, K. (2001) “Bundling e-Banking Services“, Communications of ACM, 44, 6, June, pp. 45–47.
Altinkemer, K. and Jaisingh, J. (2002) “Pricing Bundled Information Goods,“ The Proceeding of the 4th IEEE Intl Workshop on Advanced Issues of E-Commerce and Web-Based Information Systems (WECWIS 2002), June 26-28, Newport Beach, California, USA, pp. 89-96.
Angood, P. B. (2001) “Telemedicine, the Internet, and World Wide Web: Overview, Current Status and Relevance to Surgeons,” World Journal of Surgery, 25, pp.1449-1457.
Aron, R., Sundararajan, A. and Siva Viswanathan, S. (2004). “Intelligent Agents in Electronic Markets for Information Goods”, Decision Support Systems, November, pp. 764-786.
Bakos, Y. and Brynjolfsson, E. (2000) “Bundling and Competition on the Internet“, Marketing Science, 19, (1), Winter, pp. 63-82.
Banker, R. D., Datar, S. M., Kemerer, C. F., and Zweig, D. (2002) “Software Errors and Software Maintenance Management”, Information Technology and Management, 3, pp. 25-41.
Bhargava, H. K. and Choudhary, V. (2001) “Information Goods and Vertical Differentiation”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 18, pp. 89-106.
Buffett, S. and Spencer, B. (2004) “A Decision Procedure for Bundle Purchasing with Incomplete Information on Future Prices”, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol. 8, No. 4, Summer, pp. 131-144.
Brooks, C. H., Fay, S., Das, R., MacKie-Mason, J. K., Kephart, J. O., and Durfe, E. H. (1999) “Automated Strategy Searches in an Electronic Goods Market: Learning and Complex Schedules”, ACM EC-99, November, pp. 31-40.
Chang, Y. C., Li, C. S., and Smith, J. R. (2003) “Searching Dynamically Bundled goods with Pairwise Relations”, The Proceedings of ACM Electronic Commerce (EC”“03), Dan Diego, California, USA, June 9-12, pp. 135-143.
Chen, Y. N. and Png, I. (2003) “Information Goods Pricing and Copyright Enforcement: Welfare Analysis”, Information Systems Research, Vol. 14, No. 1, March, pp. 107-123.
Choudhary, V., A. Ghose, T. Mukhopadhyay, and U. Rajan, (2005) “Personalized Pricing and Quality Differentiation,” Management Science, 51(7), 1120-1130.
Dasgupta, P. and Das, R. (2000) “Dynamic Pricing with Limited Competitor Information in a Multi-Agent Economy”, Cooperative Information Systems, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cooperative Information Systems (CoopIS), Eilat, Israel, September, pp. 299-310.
Dishman, E. (2004) ”Inventing Wellness Systems for Aging in Place,” IEEE computer Society, Volume 37, Number 5, pp.34-41.
Fishburn, P. C. and Odlyzko, A. M. (1997). “Competitive pricing of information goods: Subscription pricing versus pay-per-use,” Florham Park, NJ, AT&T Labs - Research.
Galanter, E. and Pliner, P. (1974) “Cross-Modality Matching of Money Against Other Continua,” Sensation and Measurement, Holland Reidel, pp. 65-76.
Gibbons, M., & Hopkins, D. (1980). “How experiential is your experience-based program?” The Journal of Experiential Education, 3(1).
Grunenwald, J. P. and Vernon, T. T. (1988) “Pricing Decision Making for High-Technology Products and Services”, The Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, Winter, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 61-70.
Haigh, K. Z. and Yanco, H. (2002) “Automation as Caregiver: A Survey of Issues and Technologies,” in AAAI- 02 Workshop on Automation as Caregiver: The Role of Intelligent Technology in Elder Care, 39-53.
Huang, M. H. (2001) “Unfair Pricing in the Information Economy: Implications for Public Policy”, Conference Proceedings of American Marketing Association, pp. 364-365.
Huang, M. H. (2005) “Unequal Pricing in the Information Economy: Implications for Consumer Welfare”, Journal of Business Ethics, 56, pp. 305-315.
Helal, S., Giraldo, C., Kaddoura, Y. and Lee, C. “Smart phone based cognitive assistant,” In UbiHealth 2003, October (2003)
Hui, K. L. and Chau, Y. K. (2002) “Classifying Digital Products”, Communications of ACM, Vol.45, Iss.6, June, pp. 73 - 79.
Intille, S. S. (2002) “Designing a Home of the Future.” IEEE Pervasive Computing, April-June, pp. 80-86.
Jain, S. and Kannan, P. K. (2002) “Pricing of Information Products on Online Servers: Issues, Models, and Analysis”, Management Science, Vol. 48, No. 9, September, pp. 1123-1142.
Jing, B. (2000) “Versioning information goods with network externalities”, Proceedings of the twenty first international conference on Information systems, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, pp. 1-12.
Kahneman, D. and Tversky, A. (1979) “Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk,” Econometrica, 47, pp.263-291.
Kahneman, D. (2003). “Maps of Bounded Rationality: Psychology for Behavioral Economics”, American Economic Review, 93(5), pp. 1449-1475.
Kannan, P. K. and Kopalle, P. K. (2001) “Dynamic Pricing on the Internet: Importance and Implications for Consumer Behavior”, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol. 5, No. 3, Spring, pp. 63-83.
Kautz, H., Arnstein, L., Borriello, G., Etzioni, O. and Fox, D. (2002) “Towards personal service robots for the elderly,”AAAI-2002 Workshop on Automation as Caregiver: The Role of Intelligent Technology in Elder Care.
Kemeny, J. G., Schleifer, A., Snell, J. L., and Thompson, G. L. (1962) Finite Mathematics with Business Applications, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.
Kidd, C. D., Robert J. O., Gregory D. A., Christopher G. A., Irfan A. E., Blair M., Elizabeth M., Thad E. S. and Wendy N. (1999) “The Aware Home: A Living Laboratory for Ubiquitous Computing Research,” In the Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Cooperative Buildings, Position paper.
Kivisaari, E. and Luukkainen, S. (2003) “Content-Based Pricing of Services in the Mobile Internet”, Internet and Multimedia Systems and Applications, Honolulu, Hawaii, 13.-15, pp. 479-483.
Klein, S. and Loebbecke, C. (2003) “Emerging Pricing Strategies on the Web: Lessons from the Airline Industry”, Electronic Markets, 13(1), pp. 46-58.
Koifman, G., Shehory, O., and Gal, A. (2004). “Negotiation-Based Price Discrimination for Information Goods”, AAMAS’04, July 19-23, New York, pp. 679- 686.
Laerhoven, K. V., Lo, B. P. L., Ng, J. W. P., Thiemjarus, S., King, R., Kwan, S., Gellersen H. W., Sloman, M., Wells, O., Needham, P., Peter, N., Darzi, A., Toumazou, C. and Yang, G. Z. (2004) “Medical Healthcare Monitoring with Wearable and Implantable Sensors,” Proceeding of UbiHealth04 Conference.
Levitt, T. (1981) “Managing intangible products and product intangibles,” Harvard Business Review, May-June, pp.94-102.
Loke, S. W., Krishnaswamy, S. and Naing, T. T. (2005) “Service Domains for Ambient Services: Concept and Experimentation,” Mobile Networks and Applications, 10, pp.295-404.
Lakhal, S. Y. and H”“Mida, S. (2005) “A pricing model for a new product sold over the internet”, Int. J. Internet Marketing and Advertising, Vol. 2, Nos. 1/2, pp. 56-77.
Malone, T. W. (1988) “What is coordination theory?“ working paper #2951-88/ Cambridge, MA: MIT Sloan School of Management.
Markowitz, H. (1952) “The Utility of Wealth,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp.151-158.
McCain, R. A. (2005) Essential Principles of Economics: A Hypermedia Text. Chapter 16.
Miravete, E. J. (2003) “Choosing the Wrong Calling Plan? Ignorance and Learning”, American Economic Review, 93, March, pp.297-310.
Miyazaki, A. D. (2003) “The Psychology of Pricing on the Internet”, Psychology and Marketing, Vol. 20, Iss. 6, pp. 471-476.
Murata, T. (1989) “Petri Nets: Properties, Analysis and Applications,” Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 77, No 4, pp. 541-580.
Nelson, R. R. (1961) “Uncertainty, learning, and economics of parallel search and development efforts,” The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 43, pp351-364.
Odlyzko, A. (2003) “Privacy, Economics, and Price Discrimination on the Internet”, In ACM, Fifth International Conference on Electronic Commerce (ICEC2003), pp. 355-366.
Papandrea, F., Stoeckl, N., and Daly, A. (2003) “Bundling in the Australian Telecommunications Industry”, Australian Economic Review, 36(1), pp. 41-54.
Pigou, A. C. (1920) The Economics of Welfare, 4th Edition, Macmillan, London, UK.
Pine II, B. J. and Gilmore, J. H. (1998) ”Welcome to the Experience Economy,” Harvard Business Review.
Pion, R. J. (2001) “E-Care: Made Possible by Technologic Convergence,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Applications and the Internet Workshops (SAINT.01w).
Pollack, M. E., Brown, L., Colbry, D., McCarthy, C., Peintner, B., Ramakrishnan, S. and Tsamardinos, I. (2003) “Autominder: An intelligent cognitive orthotic system for people with memory impairment.” Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 44, pp. 273-282.
Roy, N., Baltus, G., Fox, D., Gemperle, F., Goetz, J., Hirsch, T., Margaritis, D., Montemerlo, M., Pineau, J., Schulte J. and Thrun, S. (2000) “Towards Personal Service Robots for the Elderly,” Workshop on Interactive Robots and Entertainment (WIRE 2000). Pittsburgh, PA.
Schäfer, R. (2001). “Rules for Using Multi-Attribute Utility Theory for Estimating a User’s Interests’,” Proc. of the 9th GI-Workshop: ABIS-Adaptivität und Benutzermodellierung in interaktiven Softwaresystemen, Dortmund, Germany, October.
Seo, J. W. and Park, K. (2004) “The Development of a Ubiquitous Health House in South Korea,” The 6th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp 2004), Nottlngham, England, Sep. 7-10.
Shapiro, C. and Varian, H. R. (1998) Information Rules; A strategic guide to the network economy, Boston (MA): Harvard Business School Press.
Shapiro, C. and Varian, H. R. (1998) “Versioning: The Smart Way to Sell Information”, Harvard Business Review, Nov-Dec, pp. 106-114.
Sherif, C. (1965) “Attitude and Attitude Change; the social judgment-involvement approach,” Philadelphia: Saunders.
Simonson, I. and Drolet, A. (2004) “Anchoring Effects on Consumers” Willingness-to-Pay and Willingness-to-Accept”“, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 31, December, pp. 681-690.
Somefun, D. J. A. and La Poutré, J. A. (2003) “Bundling and pricing for information brokerage: Customer satisfaction as a means to profit optimization”, The Proceedings of Web Intelligence 2003, IEEE Computer Society, pp. 182-189.
Sommerville, I. (2000) Software Engineering (6th edition), Addison Wesley, Chapter 8.
Srinivasan, V., Lovejoy, W. S., and Beach, D. (1997) “Integrated product design for marketability and manufacturing,” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 34, Feb, pp154-163.
Stigler, G. J. (1961) “The Economics of Information,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 69, No. 3, pp 213-225.
Stiller, B., Reichl, P., and Leinen, S. (2000) “Pricing and Cost Recovery for Internet Services: Practical Review, Classification, and Application of Relevant Models”, Economic Research and Electronic Networking, Vol. 2, No. 1, January, pp. 149-171.
Stremersch, .S. and Tellis, G. (2002) “Strategic Bundling of Products and Prices: A New Synthesis for Marketing”, Journal of Marketing, 66 (1), Jan, pp. 55-73.
Sundararajan, A. (2004) “Nonlinear Pricing of Information Goods”, 2nd International Industrial Organization Conference, April, pp. 1660-1673.
Terwiesch, C. and Loch, C. H. (2004) “Collaborative Prototyping and the Pricing of Custom-Designed Products,” Management Science, Vol. 50, No. 2, February.
Thaler, R. (1985) “Mental Accounting and Consumer Choice,” Marketing Science, Vol. 4, No. 3, Summer.
Thaler, R. (1999) “Mental Accounting Matters,” Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 12, pp. 183-206.
Thomke, S. H. (1998) “Managing Experimentation in the Design of New Products,” Management Science, Vol. 44, No. 6, (June), p. 734-762.
Tsai, T. M., Liu, J. T., and Hsu, Y. J. (2004) “MiCare: Context-aware Authorization for Integrated Healthcare Service,” The 6th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiHealth Workshop 2004), Nottlngham, England, Sep. 7-10.
Ulrich, K. T. and Eppinger, S. D. (1999) “Product Design and Development (2nd Edition),” McGraw-Hill/Irwin, Chap12, October 6.
Vandermerwe, S. and Rada, J. (1988) “Servicitization of business: Adding value by adding services,” European Management Journal, vol. 6, no. 4, 1988.
Varian, H. (1995) “Pricing Information Goods,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Scholarship in the New Information Environment, Harvard Law School.
Varian, H. (1997) “Versioning Information Goods,” The Economics of Digital Information (tentative), Discussion Paper, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.
Wang, K. L. (2004) “Pricing Strategies for Information Products: A Review,” IEEE International Conference on e-Commerce Technology for Dynamic E-Busines (CEC04EAST), Beijing, China, September 13-15, pp. 345-348.
Wills, D. (2000) “Ambulation Monitoring and Fall Detection System using Dynamic Belief Networks,” Thesis Report, School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Monash University.
Woodruff, A. and Mainwaring, S. (2005) “Everyday Practices in Great Rooms,” Proceeding of UbiComp05 Conference, Tokyo, JAPAN, September 11 – 14.
Xia, L., Monroe, K. B., and Cox, J. L. (2004) “The Price is Unfair! A Conceptual Framework of Price Fairness Perceptions,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 68, October, pp. 1-15.
描述 博士
國立政治大學
資訊管理研究所
91356507
95
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0913565071
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 苑守慈zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Yuan,Soe-Tsyren_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 張瑋倫zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chang,Wei-Lunen_US
dc.creator (作者) 張瑋倫zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chang,Wei-Lunen_US
dc.date (日期) 2006en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 20:15:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 20:15:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 20:15:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0913565071en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/36953-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91356507zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Information goods pricing is an essential and emerging topic in the era of information economy. Myriad researchers have devoted considerable attention to developing and testing methods of information goods pricing. Nevertheless, in addition; there are still certain shortcomings as the challenges to be overcome. This study encompasses several unexplored concepts that have attracted research attention in other disciplines lately, such as collaborative prototyping, prospect theory, ERG theory, and maintenance from design, economic, psychological, and software engineering respectively. This study proposes a novel conceptual framework for information goods pricing and investigates the impact of three advantages: (1) provides collaborative process that could generate several prototypes via trial and error in pricing process, (2) deliberates the belief of consumer and producer by maximizing utility and profit, and (3) offers an appropriate service bundle by interacting with consumer and discovering the actual needs.
Due to the unique cost structure and product characteristics of information goods, conventional pricing strategies are unfeasible, and a differential pricing strategy is crucial. Nevertheless, few models exist for pricing information goods in the e-service industry. This study proposes a novel collaborative pricing model in which customers are active participants in determining product prices and adopt prices and services that meet their changing needs. This study also shows that the collaborative pricing model generates an optimal bundle price at equilibrium with optimal profit and utility. Theoretical proofs and practical implications justify this pricing model, which is essential for future information goods pricing in information economy.
Moreover, we apply iCare e-service delivery as an exemplar and scenario for our system. The objective of iCare is to provide quality e-services to the elderly people anywhere and anytime. The new pricing method will go beyond the current iCare e-service delivery process which furnishes personalized and collaborative bundles. iPrice system for pricing information goods fills the gap among previous literatures which only considers consumers or providers. Different from existing works, iPrice system is novel in integrating distinctively important concepts yielding more benefits to consumers and profits to more providers. Thus, iPrice also guides and provides a roadmap for information goods pricing for future research.		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Information goods pricing is an essential and emerging topic in the era of information economy. Myriad researchers have devoted considerable attention to developing and testing methods of information goods pricing. Nevertheless, in addition; there are still certain shortcomings as the challenges to be overcome. This study encompasses several unexplored concepts that have attracted research attention in other disciplines lately, such as collaborative prototyping, prospect theory, ERG theory, and maintenance from design, economic, psychological, and software engineering respectively. This study proposes a novel conceptual framework for information goods pricing and investigates the impact of three advantages: (1) provides collaborative process that could generate several prototypes via trial and error in pricing process, (2) deliberates the belief of consumer and producer by maximizing utility and profit, and (3) offers an appropriate service bundle by interacting with consumer and discovering the actual needs.
Due to the unique cost structure and product characteristics of information goods, conventional pricing strategies are unfeasible, and a differential pricing strategy is crucial. Nevertheless, few models exist for pricing information goods in the e-service industry. This study proposes a novel collaborative pricing model in which customers are active participants in determining product prices and adopt prices and services that meet their changing needs. This study also shows that the collaborative pricing model generates an optimal bundle price at equilibrium with optimal profit and utility. Theoretical proofs and practical implications justify this pricing model, which is essential for future information goods pricing in information economy.
Moreover, we apply iCare e-service delivery as an exemplar and scenario for our system. The objective of iCare is to provide quality e-services to the elderly people anywhere and anytime. The new pricing method will go beyond the current iCare e-service delivery process which furnishes personalized and collaborative bundles. iPrice system for pricing information goods fills the gap among previous literatures which only considers consumers or providers. Different from existing works, iPrice system is novel in integrating distinctively important concepts yielding more benefits to consumers and profits to more providers. Thus, iPrice also guides and provides a roadmap for information goods pricing for future research.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Background 1
1.1.1. Experience Economy 1
1.1.2. Service Science in Experience Economy 4
1.2. Research Questions and Objectives 5
1.3. Contributions 6
1.4. Content Organization 7
CHAPTER 2. STATE-OF-THE-ART FOR PRICING METHODS 10
2.1. Introduction 10
2.1.1. Information Goods Offering e-Service 11
2.1.2. The Market of Information Goods 12
2.1.3. Pricing Issues 12
2.2. A Unifying Framework of Pricing Methods 13
2.2.1. Tactic 15
2.2.2. Versioning 17
2.2.3. Bundling 19
2.2.4. Society 22
2.2.5. Individual 23
2.2.6. Perception 24
2.2.7. Decision 26
2.3. Discussion 27
2.4. Summary 28
CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY 32
3.1. Research Framework 32
3.2. Research Process 33
3.3. System Framework 33
3.3.1. Pricing Process 33
3.3.2. System Modules 35
3.4. Platform and Architecture 36
CHAPTER 4. GRAPHIC USER INTERFACE DESIGN 39
4.1. Introduction 39
4.2. Versioning Ontology 39
4.3. Consumer Involvement 41
4.4. Service Quality 42
4.5. Service Coordination 43
4.6. Service Attribute 44
CHAPTER 5. COLLABORATIVE PROTOTYPING DESIGN 46
5.1. Introduction 46
5.2. Theoretical Foundation 47
5.2.1. Prototyping 47
5.2.2. ERG Theory 51
5.3. Model 56
5.4. Method 60
5.5. Evaluation 66
5.5.1. Assumptions 66
5.5.2. Simulation 67
5.5.3. Performance Measurement 69
5.6. Summary 76
CHAPTER 6. OPTIMAL-PRICE ESTIMATION DESIGN 86
6.1. Introduction 86
6.2. Theoretical Foundation 86
6.2.1. Prospect Theory 86
6.2.2. Mental Account 91
6.3. Model 93
6.4. Method 96
6.5. Evaluation 103
6.5.1. Assumptions 103
6.5.2. Simulation 104
6.5.3. Performance Measurement: Utility 104
6.5.4. Performance Measurement: Profit 110
6.5.5. Performance Measurement: Social Welfare 111
6.6. Summary 117
CHAPTER 7. VERSION REVISIONARY DESIGN 120
7.1. Introduction 120
7.2. Theoretical Foundation 120
7.2.1. Software Maintenance 120
7.2.2. Mean Error Rate 121
7.3. Model 123
7.4. Method 126
7.5. Evaluation 127
7.5.1. Assumptions 127
7.5.2. Simulation 128
7.5.3. Performance Measurement: Linear Regression 129
7.5.4. Performance Measurement: Recommendations 131
7.6. Summary 132
CHAPTER 8. iCare E-SERVICE DELIVERY 134
8.1. Introduction 134
8.1.1. Foundations of the iCare Framework 136
8.2. Literature 137
8.2.1. Home Technology 138
8.2.2. Care Technology 139
8.3. Framework of Ambient i-Care e-Services 141
8.3.1. Taxonomy of iCare e-Services 143
8.3.2. Ontology of iCare e-Services 144
8.3.3. iCare e-Sevice Provision Quality Model 146
8.3.4. Collective Decision for Service Recommendation 147
8.4. A Prototype Implementation of iCare Home Portal 148
8.4.1. Case-Based Reasoning Model 150
8.4.2. Brainstorming Model 151
8.4.3. Garbage-Can Model 152
8.5. A Case Scenario 153
8.6. Summary 155
CHAPTER 9. CONCLUDING REMARKS 157
9.1. Contributions 157
9.2. Comparison of Related Works 158
9.3. Limitations and Future Research 160
9.4. Managerial Implications 161
9.5. Conclusions 164
REFERENCES 166		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 44236 bytes-
dc.format.extent 26662 bytes-
dc.format.extent 15072 bytes-
dc.format.extent 337685 bytes-
dc.format.extent 361454 bytes-
dc.format.extent 286204 bytes-
dc.format.extent 182626 bytes-
dc.format.extent 550613 bytes-
dc.format.extent 425849 bytes-
dc.format.extent 286346 bytes-
dc.format.extent 462772 bytes-
dc.format.extent 193384 bytes-
dc.format.extent 172273 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0913565071en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資訊產品定價zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 馬可夫鏈zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) ERG理論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 展望理論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Information Goods Pricingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Markov Chainen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) ERG Theoryen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Prospect Theoryen_US
dc.title (題名) 電子化服務傳遞之協同式定價模式研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) iPrice: A Collaborative Pricing Model for e-Service Bundle Deliveryen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) IBM Research Home, “Service Sciences, Management, and Engineering,” http://www.research.ibm.com/ssme/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) OECD in Figures, 2005 Edition. http://www.oecd.org/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Population Division, DESA, United Nations. Available at: http://www.un.org/esa/population/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The Government Accountability Office of United States. Available at: http://www.gao.gov/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Administration on Aging, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Available at: http://www.aoa.gov/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ageing and Life Course of World Health Organization. Available at: http://www.who.int/hpr/ageing/publications.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) American Association of Homes and Services for the Aging, “Quality First Overview,” Available at: http://www2.aahsa.org/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zimmerman, B., “Ralph Stacey”“s Agreement & Certainty Matrix”, 2001. Available at: http://www.plexusinstitute.org/edgeware/archive/think/main_aides3.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Abernathy, W. and Rosenbloom, R. (1968) “Parallel and sequential R&D strategies: Application if a simple model,” IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 15, No.1.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Adlam, T. D. and Orpwood, R. D. (2004) “Taking the Gloucester Smart House from the Laboratory to the Living Room,” Proceeding of UbiHealth04 Conferencezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Agarwal, M. and Chatterjee, S. (2003) “Complexity, Uniqueness, and Similarity in Between-Bundle Choice“, The Journal of Product and Brand Management, 12, 6/7, pp. 358 - 376.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alderfer, C. P. (1972) Existence, relatedness, and growth. New York: Free Presszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Altinkemer, K. (2001) “Bundling e-Banking Services“, Communications of ACM, 44, 6, June, pp. 45–47.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Altinkemer, K. and Jaisingh, J. (2002) “Pricing Bundled Information Goods,“ The Proceeding of the 4th IEEE Intl Workshop on Advanced Issues of E-Commerce and Web-Based Information Systems (WECWIS 2002), June 26-28, Newport Beach, California, USA, pp. 89-96.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Angood, P. B. (2001) “Telemedicine, the Internet, and World Wide Web: Overview, Current Status and Relevance to Surgeons,” World Journal of Surgery, 25, pp.1449-1457.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aron, R., Sundararajan, A. and Siva Viswanathan, S. (2004). “Intelligent Agents in Electronic Markets for Information Goods”, Decision Support Systems, November, pp. 764-786.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bakos, Y. and Brynjolfsson, E. (2000) “Bundling and Competition on the Internet“, Marketing Science, 19, (1), Winter, pp. 63-82.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Banker, R. D., Datar, S. M., Kemerer, C. F., and Zweig, D. (2002) “Software Errors and Software Maintenance Management”, Information Technology and Management, 3, pp. 25-41.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bhargava, H. K. and Choudhary, V. (2001) “Information Goods and Vertical Differentiation”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 18, pp. 89-106.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Buffett, S. and Spencer, B. (2004) “A Decision Procedure for Bundle Purchasing with Incomplete Information on Future Prices”, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol. 8, No. 4, Summer, pp. 131-144.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brooks, C. H., Fay, S., Das, R., MacKie-Mason, J. K., Kephart, J. O., and Durfe, E. H. (1999) “Automated Strategy Searches in an Electronic Goods Market: Learning and Complex Schedules”, ACM EC-99, November, pp. 31-40.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chang, Y. C., Li, C. S., and Smith, J. R. (2003) “Searching Dynamically Bundled goods with Pairwise Relations”, The Proceedings of ACM Electronic Commerce (EC”“03), Dan Diego, California, USA, June 9-12, pp. 135-143.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen, Y. N. and Png, I. (2003) “Information Goods Pricing and Copyright Enforcement: Welfare Analysis”, Information Systems Research, Vol. 14, No. 1, March, pp. 107-123.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Choudhary, V., A. Ghose, T. Mukhopadhyay, and U. Rajan, (2005) “Personalized Pricing and Quality Differentiation,” Management Science, 51(7), 1120-1130.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dasgupta, P. and Das, R. (2000) “Dynamic Pricing with Limited Competitor Information in a Multi-Agent Economy”, Cooperative Information Systems, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cooperative Information Systems (CoopIS), Eilat, Israel, September, pp. 299-310.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dishman, E. (2004) ”Inventing Wellness Systems for Aging in Place,” IEEE computer Society, Volume 37, Number 5, pp.34-41.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fishburn, P. C. and Odlyzko, A. M. (1997). “Competitive pricing of information goods: Subscription pricing versus pay-per-use,” Florham Park, NJ, AT&T Labs - Research.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Galanter, E. and Pliner, P. (1974) “Cross-Modality Matching of Money Against Other Continua,” Sensation and Measurement, Holland Reidel, pp. 65-76.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gibbons, M., & Hopkins, D. (1980). “How experiential is your experience-based program?” The Journal of Experiential Education, 3(1).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grunenwald, J. P. and Vernon, T. T. (1988) “Pricing Decision Making for High-Technology Products and Services”, The Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, Winter, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 61-70.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Haigh, K. Z. and Yanco, H. (2002) “Automation as Caregiver: A Survey of Issues and Technologies,” in AAAI- 02 Workshop on Automation as Caregiver: The Role of Intelligent Technology in Elder Care, 39-53.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, M. H. (2001) “Unfair Pricing in the Information Economy: Implications for Public Policy”, Conference Proceedings of American Marketing Association, pp. 364-365.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, M. H. (2005) “Unequal Pricing in the Information Economy: Implications for Consumer Welfare”, Journal of Business Ethics, 56, pp. 305-315.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Helal, S., Giraldo, C., Kaddoura, Y. and Lee, C. “Smart phone based cognitive assistant,” In UbiHealth 2003, October (2003)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hui, K. L. and Chau, Y. K. (2002) “Classifying Digital Products”, Communications of ACM, Vol.45, Iss.6, June, pp. 73 - 79.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Intille, S. S. (2002) “Designing a Home of the Future.” IEEE Pervasive Computing, April-June, pp. 80-86.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jain, S. and Kannan, P. K. (2002) “Pricing of Information Products on Online Servers: Issues, Models, and Analysis”, Management Science, Vol. 48, No. 9, September, pp. 1123-1142.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jing, B. (2000) “Versioning information goods with network externalities”, Proceedings of the twenty first international conference on Information systems, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, pp. 1-12.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kahneman, D. and Tversky, A. (1979) “Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk,” Econometrica, 47, pp.263-291.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kahneman, D. (2003). “Maps of Bounded Rationality: Psychology for Behavioral Economics”, American Economic Review, 93(5), pp. 1449-1475.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kannan, P. K. and Kopalle, P. K. (2001) “Dynamic Pricing on the Internet: Importance and Implications for Consumer Behavior”, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol. 5, No. 3, Spring, pp. 63-83.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kautz, H., Arnstein, L., Borriello, G., Etzioni, O. and Fox, D. (2002) “Towards personal service robots for the elderly,”AAAI-2002 Workshop on Automation as Caregiver: The Role of Intelligent Technology in Elder Care.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kemeny, J. G., Schleifer, A., Snell, J. L., and Thompson, G. L. (1962) Finite Mathematics with Business Applications, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kidd, C. D., Robert J. O., Gregory D. A., Christopher G. A., Irfan A. E., Blair M., Elizabeth M., Thad E. S. and Wendy N. (1999) “The Aware Home: A Living Laboratory for Ubiquitous Computing Research,” In the Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Cooperative Buildings, Position paper.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kivisaari, E. and Luukkainen, S. (2003) “Content-Based Pricing of Services in the Mobile Internet”, Internet and Multimedia Systems and Applications, Honolulu, Hawaii, 13.-15, pp. 479-483.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Klein, S. and Loebbecke, C. (2003) “Emerging Pricing Strategies on the Web: Lessons from the Airline Industry”, Electronic Markets, 13(1), pp. 46-58.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Koifman, G., Shehory, O., and Gal, A. (2004). “Negotiation-Based Price Discrimination for Information Goods”, AAMAS’04, July 19-23, New York, pp. 679- 686.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Laerhoven, K. V., Lo, B. P. L., Ng, J. W. P., Thiemjarus, S., King, R., Kwan, S., Gellersen H. W., Sloman, M., Wells, O., Needham, P., Peter, N., Darzi, A., Toumazou, C. and Yang, G. Z. (2004) “Medical Healthcare Monitoring with Wearable and Implantable Sensors,” Proceeding of UbiHealth04 Conference.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Levitt, T. (1981) “Managing intangible products and product intangibles,” Harvard Business Review, May-June, pp.94-102.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Loke, S. W., Krishnaswamy, S. and Naing, T. T. (2005) “Service Domains for Ambient Services: Concept and Experimentation,” Mobile Networks and Applications, 10, pp.295-404.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lakhal, S. Y. and H”“Mida, S. (2005) “A pricing model for a new product sold over the internet”, Int. J. Internet Marketing and Advertising, Vol. 2, Nos. 1/2, pp. 56-77.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Malone, T. W. (1988) “What is coordination theory?“ working paper #2951-88/ Cambridge, MA: MIT Sloan School of Management.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Markowitz, H. (1952) “The Utility of Wealth,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp.151-158.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McCain, R. A. (2005) Essential Principles of Economics: A Hypermedia Text. Chapter 16.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Miravete, E. J. (2003) “Choosing the Wrong Calling Plan? Ignorance and Learning”, American Economic Review, 93, March, pp.297-310.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Miyazaki, A. D. (2003) “The Psychology of Pricing on the Internet”, Psychology and Marketing, Vol. 20, Iss. 6, pp. 471-476.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Murata, T. (1989) “Petri Nets: Properties, Analysis and Applications,” Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 77, No 4, pp. 541-580.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nelson, R. R. (1961) “Uncertainty, learning, and economics of parallel search and development efforts,” The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 43, pp351-364.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Odlyzko, A. (2003) “Privacy, Economics, and Price Discrimination on the Internet”, In ACM, Fifth International Conference on Electronic Commerce (ICEC2003), pp. 355-366.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Papandrea, F., Stoeckl, N., and Daly, A. (2003) “Bundling in the Australian Telecommunications Industry”, Australian Economic Review, 36(1), pp. 41-54.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pigou, A. C. (1920) The Economics of Welfare, 4th Edition, Macmillan, London, UK.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pine II, B. J. and Gilmore, J. H. (1998) ”Welcome to the Experience Economy,” Harvard Business Review.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pion, R. J. (2001) “E-Care: Made Possible by Technologic Convergence,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Applications and the Internet Workshops (SAINT.01w).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pollack, M. E., Brown, L., Colbry, D., McCarthy, C., Peintner, B., Ramakrishnan, S. and Tsamardinos, I. (2003) “Autominder: An intelligent cognitive orthotic system for people with memory impairment.” Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 44, pp. 273-282.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Roy, N., Baltus, G., Fox, D., Gemperle, F., Goetz, J., Hirsch, T., Margaritis, D., Montemerlo, M., Pineau, J., Schulte J. and Thrun, S. (2000) “Towards Personal Service Robots for the Elderly,” Workshop on Interactive Robots and Entertainment (WIRE 2000). Pittsburgh, PA.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Schäfer, R. (2001). “Rules for Using Multi-Attribute Utility Theory for Estimating a User’s Interests’,” Proc. of the 9th GI-Workshop: ABIS-Adaptivität und Benutzermodellierung in interaktiven Softwaresystemen, Dortmund, Germany, October.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Seo, J. W. and Park, K. (2004) “The Development of a Ubiquitous Health House in South Korea,” The 6th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp 2004), Nottlngham, England, Sep. 7-10.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shapiro, C. and Varian, H. R. (1998) Information Rules; A strategic guide to the network economy, Boston (MA): Harvard Business School Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shapiro, C. and Varian, H. R. (1998) “Versioning: The Smart Way to Sell Information”, Harvard Business Review, Nov-Dec, pp. 106-114.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sherif, C. (1965) “Attitude and Attitude Change; the social judgment-involvement approach,” Philadelphia: Saunders.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Simonson, I. and Drolet, A. (2004) “Anchoring Effects on Consumers” Willingness-to-Pay and Willingness-to-Accept”“, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 31, December, pp. 681-690.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Somefun, D. J. A. and La Poutré, J. A. (2003) “Bundling and pricing for information brokerage: Customer satisfaction as a means to profit optimization”, The Proceedings of Web Intelligence 2003, IEEE Computer Society, pp. 182-189.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sommerville, I. (2000) Software Engineering (6th edition), Addison Wesley, Chapter 8.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Srinivasan, V., Lovejoy, W. S., and Beach, D. (1997) “Integrated product design for marketability and manufacturing,” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 34, Feb, pp154-163.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stigler, G. J. (1961) “The Economics of Information,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 69, No. 3, pp 213-225.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stiller, B., Reichl, P., and Leinen, S. (2000) “Pricing and Cost Recovery for Internet Services: Practical Review, Classification, and Application of Relevant Models”, Economic Research and Electronic Networking, Vol. 2, No. 1, January, pp. 149-171.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stremersch, .S. and Tellis, G. (2002) “Strategic Bundling of Products and Prices: A New Synthesis for Marketing”, Journal of Marketing, 66 (1), Jan, pp. 55-73.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sundararajan, A. (2004) “Nonlinear Pricing of Information Goods”, 2nd International Industrial Organization Conference, April, pp. 1660-1673.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Terwiesch, C. and Loch, C. H. (2004) “Collaborative Prototyping and the Pricing of Custom-Designed Products,” Management Science, Vol. 50, No. 2, February.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thaler, R. (1985) “Mental Accounting and Consumer Choice,” Marketing Science, Vol. 4, No. 3, Summer.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thaler, R. (1999) “Mental Accounting Matters,” Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 12, pp. 183-206.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thomke, S. H. (1998) “Managing Experimentation in the Design of New Products,” Management Science, Vol. 44, No. 6, (June), p. 734-762.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tsai, T. M., Liu, J. T., and Hsu, Y. J. (2004) “MiCare: Context-aware Authorization for Integrated Healthcare Service,” The 6th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiHealth Workshop 2004), Nottlngham, England, Sep. 7-10.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ulrich, K. T. and Eppinger, S. D. (1999) “Product Design and Development (2nd Edition),” McGraw-Hill/Irwin, Chap12, October 6.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Vandermerwe, S. and Rada, J. (1988) “Servicitization of business: Adding value by adding services,” European Management Journal, vol. 6, no. 4, 1988.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Varian, H. (1995) “Pricing Information Goods,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Scholarship in the New Information Environment, Harvard Law School.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Varian, H. (1997) “Versioning Information Goods,” The Economics of Digital Information (tentative), Discussion Paper, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wang, K. L. (2004) “Pricing Strategies for Information Products: A Review,” IEEE International Conference on e-Commerce Technology for Dynamic E-Busines (CEC04EAST), Beijing, China, September 13-15, pp. 345-348.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wills, D. (2000) “Ambulation Monitoring and Fall Detection System using Dynamic Belief Networks,” Thesis Report, School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Monash University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Woodruff, A. and Mainwaring, S. (2005) “Everyday Practices in Great Rooms,” Proceeding of UbiComp05 Conference, Tokyo, JAPAN, September 11 – 14.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Xia, L., Monroe, K. B., and Cox, J. L. (2004) “The Price is Unfair! A Conceptual Framework of Price Fairness Perceptions,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 68, October, pp. 1-15.zh_TW