| dc.contributor.advisor | 陳香梅博士 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 梁瀞云 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | 梁瀞云 | zh_TW |
| dc.date (日期) | 2007 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 19-Sep-2009 13:47:12 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.available | 19-Sep-2009 13:47:12 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 19-Sep-2009 13:47:12 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0095255030 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/37427 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 碩士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 財政研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 95255030 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 96 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | 機動車輛已成為空氣污染的首要污染來源之一,其所排放大量的一氧化碳、二氧化碳對地方乃至於全球環境皆造成不利的影響。為了因應環境污染與溫室效應,各國除了採取行政管制措施外,亦引進經濟誘因工具來落實污染者付費的原則。本研究的目的即是探討,台灣地區目前所實施的政策工具對於減少來自移動污染源的污染排放量的有效性。 本文利用台灣地區二十三個縣市 1998 年至 2006 年共九年的追蹤資料,以兩種模型進行實證:第一個模型採用的是一階差分後的普通最小平方法迴歸模型,可避免假性迴歸的問題發生;第二個模型為似不相關迴歸模型,藉由誤差項間的關聯性來結合北部、中部、東部、南部四個地區的迴歸式,觀察政策工具在不同區域間對污染減量的效果。 實證結果顯示,管制與稅費這兩種政策工具確實會對移動污染源產生的空氣污染有相當的抑制效果;但是相較之下,管制措施的影響力相對於稅費的徵收來得明顯。因此,已知管制工具具有環境保護的政策有效性外,若欲使得稅費政策對空氣污染減量也有更明顯的成效,便應實施綠色租稅改革,以期能夠對生活環境產生良好的改善。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | Due to its high share in total air pollutant emissions, mobile pollution source is an issue of particular consideration. Vehicles produce large volumes of emissions such as CO, CO2, and so on. These gases can be detrimental to local, regional and global environment. With the increasing concern over rising pollution levels and greenhouse effect, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of different environmental policy instruments which are used to reduce mobile source air pollution. For this paper, a case study of Taiwan is demonstrated for the estimation. Using the first-differenced panel data collected from 1998 to 2006, we use two models, namely “Ordinary least square model” and “Seemingly unrelated regression model” to investigate whether the command and control policy or the economic-incentive tax strategy is better for emission abatement. The first-differenced ordinary least square model can be used to avoid spurious regression, and the seemingly unrelated regression system integrates four sub-equations by assuming their disturbances are correlated, explaining some phenomenon in different areas. The result shows that both control and tax strategies are worthwhile to be adopted. However, regulation policy results in cutting down much more CO and CO2 than using the excise taxes and fuel fees as an environmental instrument. Therefore, we conclude that it is required to implement the green tax system reform in order to create beneficial changes in our life. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的 2 第三節 研究方法 3 第四節 研究架構 4第二章 文獻回顧 6 第一節 稅/費政策的相關文獻 7 第二節 管制政策的相關文獻 10 第三節 政策工具綜合比較的相關文獻 12 第四節 本章小結 15第三章 台灣移動污染源空氣污染防制與其政策工具 20 第一節 台灣公路運輸類移動源空氣污染現況 21 第二節 移動污染源空氣污染防制之管制政策 30 第三節 移動污染源空氣污染防制之經濟誘因暨相關稅費政策 34第四章 研究方法與變數資料 41 第一節 研究方法 41 壹、 合併迴歸、固定效果模型、隨機效果模型 41 貳、 差分迴歸 46 参、 似不相關迴歸 47 第二節 模型設定 49 第三節 資料來源與變數定義 52 壹、 資料範圍 52 貳、 被解釋變數之涵義 52 参、 解釋變數之定義及資料來源 54第五章 實證結果與分析 60 第一節 敘述性統計與模型檢驗 60 第二節 一階差分迴歸模型之實證結果 63 第三節 似不相關迴歸模型之實證結果 66 第四節 本章小結及政策工具的有效性分析 70 壹、 小結 70 貳、 政策工具的有效性分析 73第六章 結論與建議 74 第一節 研究結論 74 第二節 政策意涵 75 第三節 研究限制與未來建議 76參考文獻 78附錄 86 | zh_TW |
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| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095255030 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 移動污染源 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 空氣污染減量 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 政策工具 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 管制 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 綠色租稅改革 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | mobile pollution source | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | air emissions abatement | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | policy instrument | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | regulation | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | green tax reform | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | 移動污染源空氣污染減量之政策工具有效性分析 ── 台灣地區實證研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
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