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題名 美國東亞霸權與中國
American Hegemony and China in East Asia
作者 李振威
Lee,Cheng-Wuei
貢獻者 李國雄
Lee,Kuo-hsiung
李振威
Lee,Cheng-Wuei
關鍵詞 霸權穩定論
東亞
中國
美國霸權
hegemonic stability theory
East Asia
China
American hegemony
日期 2007
上傳時間 19-Sep-2009 13:57:39 (UTC+8)
摘要 本論文旨在探討二十一世紀，美國面臨中國在東亞的經營，如何維持其在東亞的霸權所作的努力。冷戰結束後，美國在國際社會成為碩果僅存的霸權。藉此優勢，美國得以遂其意志，有些甚至非其能力所及。雖然美國可確定是當今唯一的霸權，但中國挾其經濟快速起飛之利，不但在全球各地揮舞其影響力，更試圖擴大外交上的戰果。此外，中國軍事成長之快速，從軍事現代化到太空競賽，足以顯示中國將改變東亞的政治環境及地區安全。因此，中國的崛起對美國霸權，尤其在東亞，被視為一潛在的威脅。美國要如何鞏固其在東亞的霸權領導地位，自然為當前極為迫切的議題。由研究發現，美國所作的努力倍極艱辛、複雜但結果是成功的。
After the end of the Cold War in 1991, the United States poses a unique position in the international system. As hegemony, the U.S. has the greatest stake in the existing order. Yet it also takes advantage of its position as the most powerful nation in the world to bend that order to its will and even act outside the limits of the system. It seems to confirm American hegemony, with the U.S. left as the only superpower. With its soaring rise, however, China is looming as a potential challenger to the U.S. hegemony in East Asia. China not only wields radically increasing commercial clout in all regions of the globe, but also tries to achieve diplomatic advantage with respect to the United States. Further, Beijing’s rapid, deep, and wide-ranging modernization in military capabilities ranging from diesel submarines to micro-satellites and the launching of ballistic missile destroying one of its own orbiting weather satellites will enable China to increasingly dominate the East Asian littoral. Therefore, how to maintain American hegemony especially in East Asia has become a pressing issue for the United States. The thesis uses in-depth studies of critical literature and case study to analyze the wrestle between U.S. and China in East Asian Area. From the research one can find that the effort the U.S. has made to maintain its hegemonic leadership in East Asia is hard but successful.
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【2】 Brendan, T., “US-China relations after 11 September: a long engagement or marriage of convenience?” Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol.59, No.2, June 2005, p182.
【3】 Brookes, Peter T.R., China’s Influence in the Western Hemisphere, a speech delivered at United States House of Representatives, April 6, 2005.
【4】 Chen Shaohua, “Fighting Poverty: Findings and Lessons from China’s Success,” World Bank, September 7, 2005.
【5】 Cheng, J., “China and the Korean situation: The Challenge of Pyongyang’s Brinkmanship”, East Asia: An International Quarterly, Vol.20, No.4, Winter 2003, p.73.
【6】 Cheow, E., “China’s Rising Soft Power in Southeast Asia,” PACNET, A19, May 3, 2004.
【7】 Cheung, G..C.K., Market Liberalism, American Foreign Policy toward China, New Brunswick and London, Transaction Publishers, 1998 p.134.
【8】 Cossa, R., “Chance for New US-China Strategic Tie”, Japan Times. October 20, 2001.
【9】 Dixon, W., “Democracy and Peaceful Settlement of International Conflict,” American Political Science Review 88, 1994, pp.14-32.
【10】 Dorn, J. A., “U.S.-China Relations in the Wake of CNOOC,” Policy Analysis, November 2, 2005, p.3, p.8.
【11】 Foot, R., “Human Rights and. Counter-terrorism in America`s Asia Policy, Adelphi Paper, 363, New York: Oxford University Press, 2004, p.61.
【12】 Friedberg, A. L., “11 September and the Future of Sino-American Relations,” Survival, Vol. 44, No. 1, 2002, p.45.
【13】 Fukuyama, F., The End of History and the Last Man, Free Press, 1992, p.1.
【14】 Gang, F., “China Is a Private-Sector Economy,” BusinessWeek, August 22, 2005.
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【20】 ------, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996.
【21】 Hyun-jin, “Skepticism Lingers over History Issue: Beijing Pledges not to Stake Claim to Goguryeo in History Textbooks”, The Korea Herald, August 25, 2004.
【22】 Ikenberry, G.. J., “American hegemony and East order,” Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 58, No. 3, September 2004, P.353.
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【27】 Kerr, D., “The Sino-Russian Partnership and U.S. Policy Toward North Korea: From Hegemony to Concert in Northeast Asia”, International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 49, 2005, p.426.
【28】 Kim, S.S., “China and North Korea in a Changing World” in Woodrow Wilson International Centre for Scholars, American Political Science Review, 2003, pp.14-15.
【29】 Kuik, C.C., “Multilateralism in China’s ASEAN Policy: Its Evolution, Characteristics, and Aspiration,” Contemporary Southeast Asia, Vol. 27, No.1, 2005, p.103.
【30】 Kurlantzick, J., “China’s Charm: Implications of Chinese Soft Power,” Policy Brief, June 2006, p.1.
【31】 ------, Charm Offensive: How China’s Soft Power is Transforming the World, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007, p.1, p.3, p.6.
【32】 Lampton, D., “The Faces of Chinese Power,” Foreign Affairs, January/February 2007, pp.116-118, p.123-4, p.126.
【33】 Lee, L. T., “Political Reforms in Post-Deng China”, paper presented at the conference on Asian Perspectives on the Challenge of China, 7-8 March 2000, Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, Washington, D.C., USA.
【34】 Lee, P., “From Competitor to Stakeholder: Shifting of US Strategic Orientation toward China and Taiwan Issue -- Analyzing from the perspective of Constructivism,” Taiwan Research Quarterly, Vol.1, 2006, p.1.
【35】 Lemke, D., Regions of War and Peace, New York: Cambridge. University Press, 2002, pp.21-22.
【36】 Liu, J., “Ershi yi shiji ershi sanshi niandai Zhongguo jueqi ji waijiao zhanlue xueze,” Zhanlue yu guanli, Vol. 4, No. 3, 1994, p.119.
【37】 Mearsheimer, J., The Tragedy of Great Power Politics, W. W. Norton & Company, October 2001, p.402.
【38】 Medeiros, E. S., & Fravel M. Taylor, “China’s New Diplomacy”, Foreign Affairs, November/ December 2003, pp.1-4.
【39】 Mufson, S., “China Tells US It Will Share Information”, Washington Post, September 22, 2001, A30.
【40】 Ni Shixiong, Theory of Western International Relations, Shang Hai, Fu Dan University Press, 2001, pp. 298-299.
【41】 Nye, J. S., Jr., “Soft Power,” Foreign Policy, Vol. 80, Autumn 1990, pp.153-171.
【42】 ------, “The Case for Deep Engagement,” Foreign Affairs, July/August, 1995, pp.90-102.
【43】 ------, “Propaganda Isn’t the Way: Soft Power,” The International Herald Tribune, January 10, 2003.
【44】 ------, “The Decline of America`s Soft Power”, Foreign Affairs, May/June 2004.
【45】 ------, “The Rise of China’s Soft Power” The Wall Street Journal Asia, December 29, 2005.
【46】 Organski, A. F. K., & Kugler Jacek, The War Ledger, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980, pp.13-63.
【47】 Organski, A. F. K., World Politics, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1958, p.100-103, p.325.
【48】 Perlez, J., “China Races to Replace U.S. as Economic Power in Asia,” New York Times, June 28, 2002.
【49】 Pollack, J.D., “The United States, North Korea, and the End of the Agreed Framework”, Naval War College Review, Summer, Vol. VI, No.23, September 21, 2003, p.21, p.36.
【50】 Rapkin, C., & Robert Thompson, “Power Transition, Challenge, and the (Re)Emergence of China”, International Interactions, April 29. 2003.
【51】 Ross, R. S., “The Geography of the Peace: East Asia in the Twenty-first Century” International Security, Vol. 23, Issue 4, Spring 1999, pp.85-86.
【52】 ------, “A Realist Policy for Managing US-China Competition,” Policy Analysis Brief, November 2005, p.2.
【53】 Roy D., “China and the War on Terrorism,” Orbits, Vol. 46, No. 3, 2002, p.513, p.521.
【54】 ------, “China’s Reaction to American Predominance,” Survival, Vol. 45, No.3, Autumn 2003, p.59-74.
【55】 Saunders, P. C., “Sino-U.S. Relations against the Backdrop of East-Asia Cooperation: Coordinatig Different Interests,” Network of East Asian Think-Tanks, February 21, 2006.
【56】 Schweller, R., “Managing the Rise of Great Powers: History and Theory,” Alastair Iain Johnston and Robert Ross (eds), Engaging China: Managing a Rising Power, Routledge, 1999, p.19.
【57】 Shambaugh, D., “China Engages Asia: Reshaping the Regional Order”, International Security, Vol.29, No. 3, 2004, pp.64-99.
【58】 Shen, J., “Weihu Dongbei Ya Anquan de Dangwuzhiji-Zhiye Chao He Wenti Shang de Weixian Boyi” [The matter of immediate urgency in defending Northeast Asian security: stopping the dangerous games over the Korean Nuclear Problem], Shijie Jingli yu Zhengzhi, No. 9, 2003, p.58.
【59】 Strange, S., “The Future of the American Empire”, in Richard Little and Michael Smith, eds., Perspectives on World Politics, 2d. ed., London: Routledge, 1991, pp.56-57.
【60】 Sutter, R. G.., “China’s Rise: Implications for US Leadership in Asia,” East-West Center Washington, March 14, 2006, p.62.
【61】 Swain, M.D., &Tellis Ashleys, Interpreting China’s Grand Strategy: Past, Present, and Future, Santa Monica, CA:RAND, 2000, p.179.
【62】 Tammen, R.L., Power Transitions: Strategies for the 21st Century, Chatham House Publishers of Seven Bridges Press. 2000. pp.157-158
【63】 Thomas, N., “China’s Role in Asia Regionalism: Developing Norms and Institutions,” workshop on Governance and Regionalism in Asia, at the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, December 8, 2005. p.9-11, p.20.
【64】 Tsunekawa, J., “Post-9/11 Power Politics among the US, China, and Russia-Unilateralism and Central and Southeast Asia,” East Asian Strategic Review, 2007, p.59.
【65】 Tuazon, B., “Current US Hegemony In Asia Pacific” Peace Researcher, December 28, 2003.
【66】 Vatikiots, M., Ben Dolven, & David Murphy, “Terror Throws Us Together, For Now”, Far Eastern Economic Review, November 1, 2001, p.36-40.
【67】 Vogel, E. F., The Four Little Dragons: The Spread of Industrialization in East Asia, Harvard University Press, November 25, 2006, p.1.
【68】 Wallerstein, I., The Decline of American Power: The U.S. in a Chaotic World, New York: New Press, 2003, p.308.
【69】 Yang I-bin, “Confucian Culture and China’s soft power: an exploration of Confucius Institutes,” Prospect & Exploration, 2007, Vol.5, No.7, p.30, p.33, pp.37-38.
【70】 Zhang, X., & Eugene Brown, “Policies towards North Korea: a time for new thinking”, Journal of Contemporary China, September, 25, 2001, p.537.
【71】 Zhu Zhiqun, US-China Relations in the 21st Century: Power Transition and Peace, Routledge, 2006, p.15, p.133.
【72】 Zweig, D., “Resource Diplomacy Under Hegemony: The Sources of Sino- American Competition in the 21st Century?” Conference on The Rise of China and Its Implications for Asia-Pacific, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 25-26 August, 2006, p.3.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
中國大陸研究英語碩士學程(IMCS)
94925008
96
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094925008
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 李國雄zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lee,Kuo-hsiungen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 李振威zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lee,Cheng-Wueien_US
dc.creator (作者) 李振威zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lee,Cheng-Wueien_US
dc.date (日期) 2007en_US
dc.date.accessioned 19-Sep-2009 13:57:39 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 19-Sep-2009 13:57:39 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 19-Sep-2009 13:57:39 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0094925008en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/37476-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 中國大陸研究英語碩士學程(IMCS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 94925008zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文旨在探討二十一世紀，美國面臨中國在東亞的經營，如何維持其在東亞的霸權所作的努力。冷戰結束後，美國在國際社會成為碩果僅存的霸權。藉此優勢，美國得以遂其意志，有些甚至非其能力所及。雖然美國可確定是當今唯一的霸權，但中國挾其經濟快速起飛之利，不但在全球各地揮舞其影響力，更試圖擴大外交上的戰果。此外，中國軍事成長之快速，從軍事現代化到太空競賽，足以顯示中國將改變東亞的政治環境及地區安全。因此，中國的崛起對美國霸權，尤其在東亞，被視為一潛在的威脅。美國要如何鞏固其在東亞的霸權領導地位，自然為當前極為迫切的議題。由研究發現，美國所作的努力倍極艱辛、複雜但結果是成功的。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) After the end of the Cold War in 1991, the United States poses a unique position in the international system. As hegemony, the U.S. has the greatest stake in the existing order. Yet it also takes advantage of its position as the most powerful nation in the world to bend that order to its will and even act outside the limits of the system. It seems to confirm American hegemony, with the U.S. left as the only superpower. With its soaring rise, however, China is looming as a potential challenger to the U.S. hegemony in East Asia. China not only wields radically increasing commercial clout in all regions of the globe, but also tries to achieve diplomatic advantage with respect to the United States. Further, Beijing’s rapid, deep, and wide-ranging modernization in military capabilities ranging from diesel submarines to micro-satellites and the launching of ballistic missile destroying one of its own orbiting weather satellites will enable China to increasingly dominate the East Asian littoral. Therefore, how to maintain American hegemony especially in East Asia has become a pressing issue for the United States. The thesis uses in-depth studies of critical literature and case study to analyze the wrestle between U.S. and China in East Asian Area. From the research one can find that the effort the U.S. has made to maintain its hegemonic leadership in East Asia is hard but successful.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Authorized Page………………………………………………………………………iii
Authorized for Online Publication……………………………………………………iv
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………………..v
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………….vi
List of Tables…………………………………………………………………………vii

1 Introduction…………………………………………………………….1
1.1 Background of the Research…………………………………………………..1
1.2 Motivation of the Research……………………………………………………4
1.3 Research Purpose and Questions………………………………………………6
1.4 Literature Review……………………………………………………………...8
1.5 Theoretical Framework………………………………………………………13
1.6 Research Method……………………………………………………………..16
1.7 Structure of the Thesis………………………………………………………..17

2 The Changing U.S. Hegemony in East Asia…………………………19
2.1 The Emergence of American Hegemony…………………………………….20
2.1.1 American-West European Component…………………………………22
2.1.2 American-East Asian Component……………………………………...27
2.2 How Has the US Become Hegemonic in East Asia? ………………………...30
2.2.1 Promotion of Economic Liberalism……………………………………32
2.2.2 Washington Consensus…………………………………………………33
2.2.3 Benign Hegemony……………………………………………………...35
2.3 Factors Contributing to the Changing Nature of American Hegemony……...37
2.3.1 Setback in Vietnam War………………………………………………..37
2.3.2 End of Cold War………………………………………………………..40
2.3.3 East Asian Multilateralism……………………………………………..41
2.3.4 American Unilateralist…………………………………………………44
2.3.5 American Soft Power…………………………………………………..46

3 The Rise of China in East Asia………………………………………..49
3.1 The Multi-facet Nature of the Rise of China…………………………………49
3.1.1 Philosophy of each Generation…………………………………………50
3.1.2 Political Reform………………………………………………………..53
3.1.3 Military Reform………………………………………………………...56
3.1.4 Rise of China’s Soft Power…………………………………………….59
3.2 China’s New Diplomacy in the Context of the US Hegemony………………65
3.2.1 Balancing……………………………………………………………….67
3.2.2 Accommodation………………………………………………………..68
3.2.3 Challenging…………………………………………………………….69
3.3 China’s Basic Diplomatic Strategies to East Asian Security…………………71
3.3.1 Searching for Balance among the Major Power………………………..71
3.3.2 Stabilizing Relations with Neighboring States…………………………72
3.3.3 Securing the Passage in South China Seas……………………………..74

4 The Maintenance of American Hegemonic Leadership in East Asia…75
4.1 How America Maintains Its Hegemonic Leadership in East Asia…………...76
4.1.1 American East Asian Policies in the Post-Cold War Era………………76
4.1.2 American Military Presence in East Asia………………………………77
4.1.3 American Economic Presence in East Asia…………………………….81
4.2 EAS, APEC, and US…………………………………………………………83
4.2.1 American Attitude toward EAS………………………………………...84
4.2.2 Role of APEC…………………………………………………………..86
4.2.3 How the APEC is used by America to Response toward EAS…………88
4.3 American East Asian Security Defense Arrangement………………………..89
4.3.1 US-Japan Alliance……………………………………………………...90
4.3.2 US-Korea Alliance……………………………………………………..93
4.3.3 US-Philippines Alliance……………………………………………….94
4.4 Taiwan Strait Issue…………………………………………………………..96
4.4.1 American Position in the Taiwan Strait Issue………………………….97
4.4.2 The Third Taiwan Strait Crisis…………………………………………98
4.5 South China Sea Issue………………………………………………………101
4.5.1 Background…………………………………………………………...101
4.5.2 American Foreign Policy toward the South China Sea……………….102
4.5.3 Implications…………………………………………………………...104
4.6 Korean Peninsula Issue—Special Case……………………………………..106
4.6.1 Background…………………………………………………………...106
4.6.2 American Intervention………………………………………………...107
4.6.3 China’s Role…………………………………………………………..109
4.6.4 Implications…………………………………………………………...110

5 Conclusion…………………………………………………………...112

Bibliography…………………………………………………………...122		zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094925008en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 霸權穩定論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 東亞zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 美國霸權zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) hegemonic stability theoryen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) East Asiaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Chinaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) American hegemonyen_US
dc.title (題名) 美國東亞霸權與中國zh_TW
dc.title (題名) American Hegemony and China in East Asiaen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【1】 Agnew, J., Hegemony: the New Shape of Global Power, Philadelphia, Pa.: Temple University Press, 2005. p.190, p.219, p.221, pp.223-224, p.225.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【2】 Brendan, T., “US-China relations after 11 September: a long engagement or marriage of convenience?” Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol.59, No.2, June 2005, p182.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【3】 Brookes, Peter T.R., China’s Influence in the Western Hemisphere, a speech delivered at United States House of Representatives, April 6, 2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【4】 Chen Shaohua, “Fighting Poverty: Findings and Lessons from China’s Success,” World Bank, September 7, 2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【5】 Cheng, J., “China and the Korean situation: The Challenge of Pyongyang’s Brinkmanship”, East Asia: An International Quarterly, Vol.20, No.4, Winter 2003, p.73.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【6】 Cheow, E., “China’s Rising Soft Power in Southeast Asia,” PACNET, A19, May 3, 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【7】 Cheung, G..C.K., Market Liberalism, American Foreign Policy toward China, New Brunswick and London, Transaction Publishers, 1998 p.134.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【8】 Cossa, R., “Chance for New US-China Strategic Tie”, Japan Times. October 20, 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【9】 Dixon, W., “Democracy and Peaceful Settlement of International Conflict,” American Political Science Review 88, 1994, pp.14-32.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【10】 Dorn, J. A., “U.S.-China Relations in the Wake of CNOOC,” Policy Analysis, November 2, 2005, p.3, p.8.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【11】 Foot, R., “Human Rights and. Counter-terrorism in America`s Asia Policy, Adelphi Paper, 363, New York: Oxford University Press, 2004, p.61.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【12】 Friedberg, A. L., “11 September and the Future of Sino-American Relations,” Survival, Vol. 44, No. 1, 2002, p.45.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【13】 Fukuyama, F., The End of History and the Last Man, Free Press, 1992, p.1.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【14】 Gang, F., “China Is a Private-Sector Economy,” BusinessWeek, August 22, 2005.zh_TW
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