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題名 創新系統產品之組織環境、開發及與使用者共創-以Eee PC、iPod及iPhone為例
The Organizational Environment, Development and User Co-Creating of Innovative System-Products-Case Studies of Eee PC, iPod, and iPhone
作者 洪以旼
貢獻者 李仁芳
洪以旼
關鍵詞 與使用者共創
創新系統產品
破壞式創新
產品開發
創新組織
日期 2009
上傳時間 9-Apr-2010 14:43:42 (UTC+8)
摘要 從2007年至今,兩個系統產品華碩的Eee PC及蘋果的iPhone震撼市場,Eee PC更被稱做為破壞式創新。這兩個產品的發展及演化是非常值得研究,本研究欲探討:
     1.企業如何打破既有傳統硬體製造商思惟,將硬體、軟體及服務整合為一個系統產品;
     2.企業如何與使用者成功的共創軟體。
     本研究經過次級資料收集、訪談、個案分析後,研究發現:
     1.企業開發創新系統產品時,其創新組織特色為:
      (1)一個跳脫出主流產品獨立之開發組織(團隊);
      (2)將團隊獨立在主流外之後,給予跨部門團隊一個利於互動的開放環境;
      (3)更獲得高層的支持與參與,以助於產品創新。
     2.企業在開發創新系統產品過程中:
      (1)使用者資訊的取得來自於產品開發者,其具有使用者及開發者的雙重身分;
      (2)先從定義產品才決定功能;
      (3)必須創造原型才能讓使用者親眼見到、摸到產品,以獲得使用者回饋改善產品。
      然而,華碩在Eee PC上對於共創的努力成果不如蘋果豐碩,乃肇因兩個案之使用者社群特性不同,分別為集體協作社群及消費者生產社群。因此企業必須制訂出利於適合使用者社群之回饋模式、必須與開發人員建立良好的溝通並將過程透明。本研究亦發現,若欲成功與使用者共創,企業必須建構出優於既有平台之解決方案,以打破使用者習慣,才能有效共創。 
From the year of 2007 to the present-day, two systematic products, Eee PC of ASUS and iPhone of Apple, appear in the IT market and shock the world as best examples of destructive-innovation. It is thought worthwhile to take advantage of our understanding of the development and evolution of these two products in the past three decades to investigate:
     1. How an enterprise is able to break through the old ways of thinking of traditional hardware makers, and able to integrate hardware, software and services into an innovative system-product;
     2. How to create a platform for successful user- developer co-creating.
     The research method of this paper includes literature review, interview, and case analysis. The research results reveal that:
     1. In order to develop an innovative system-product, an independent task force comprise staffs of different expertise should be set up outside the mainstream organization of the enterprise; and the independent task force should be given strong support and participation from the top level leadership of the enterprise;
     2. In order to create an environment of user-developer co-creating, the function of the innovative system-product should be designed according to the demand of users; and the information of the users’requirement comes from the party of developer in the course of development;
     3. In order to obtain feedback from the users for further improvement, a prototype of the innovative system-product should be made for the users to perform a trial run.
     When Asus unveiled their Eee PC in 2007, they did try very hard to integrate services and software, and to develop software market through user co-creating, just as the way Apple had done it. But the outcome was and is still not as successful as that of Apple.
     Both Asus and Apple tried user co-creating, but the outcome is different. The difference of outcome stems from the different characteristics of user’s society, i.e. Mass Collaboration Community, and consumers production society. It is therefore that an enterprise should set up a feedback model suitable for user’s society.
     The research of this paper also reveals that a successful user co-creating should be based upon a platform which is superior to the existing one, and that the habit of users can be modified (changed) in compliance with the new development of the user co-creating environment.
圖目錄 VI
     表目錄 VII
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景與動機 1
     第二節 研究目的與待答問題 2
     第二章 文獻回顧 4
     第一節 創新組織環境 4
     第二節 創新產品的開發 7
     第三節 顧客角色的變化 18
     第四節 企業與顧客共創價值 23
     第三章 研究方法 27
     第一節 研究定位與方法 27
     第二節 研究流程 29
     第三節 研究架構與變數 30
     第四章 個案描述與分析 32
     第一節 華碩電腦 32
     第二節 蘋果公司 69
     第三節 個案比較 111
     第五章 研究發現 112
     第六章 結論與建議 125
     第一節 研究結論 125
     第二節 研究貢獻與研究限制 127
     第三節 後續研究建議 128
     參考文獻 129
參考文獻 (一) 英文文獻
Bonner, J. M., Ruekert, R. W., & Walker, O.C.(2002), Upper management control of new product development projects and project performance, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 19, pp.233-245.
Cooper, R. G.(2001), Winning at new products(3rd ed), New York: Perseus Publishing.
Dahan, E., & Hauser, J.R (2002), “The Virtual Customer: Communication, Conceptualization, and Computation“, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol.19(5), pp.332-353.
Denison, D. R., Hart, S. L., & Kahn, J. A.(1996), From chimneys to 135 cross-functional teams: Developing and validating a diagnostic model. Academy of Management Journal, 4, pp.1005-1023.
Gupta, Raj and Wilemon(1985), The R&D-Marketing Interface in High-Technology Firms, Product Innovation Management, Vol.2 , pp.12-24.
Parry, M. E., & Song, X. M.(1993), Determinants of R&D-marketing integration in high-tech japanese firms. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 1, pp. 4-22.
Pinto, J. K., & Prescott, J. E.(1990), Planning and tactical factors in the project implementation process, Journal of Management Studies, 3,pp.305-327.
130
Ramiretz, R.(1999). Value Co-production: Intellectual Origins and Implications for Practice and Research. Strategic Management Journal, 20(1): 49-65.
Ruekert, R. W., & Walker, O. C.(1987), Marketing’s interaction with other functional units: A conceptual framework and empirical evidence, Journal of Marketing, Jan, pp.1-19.
Sethi, R., & Nicholson, C. Y.(2001), Structural and contextual correlates of charged behavior in product development teams, Journal of Product Innovation Management,18, pp.154-168.
Thomke, S. and von Hippel, E.(2002). Customers as Innovators: A New Way to Create Value. Harvard Business Review, 80(4): 74- 81
Yin, R. K., Case Study Research: Design and Methods, Second Edition, Sage Publications,
1994.
Zirger, B. J., & Maidique, M. A.(1990), A model of new product development: An empirical test, Management Science, 7, pp.867-883.
(二) 中文資料
Alvin Toffler, Heidi Toffler,Wealth 3.0〆托佛勒 財富陏命,出版社〆時報出版出版日期〆2007年01月25日。
Christensen, C. M.(1997),創新的兩難〆企業陎對新科技的掙扎與抉擇(The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technology Cause Great Firms to Fail)。吳凱琳譯。台北〆商周。
Christensen, C. M.(2004),創新者的解答(The Innovator’s Solution)。
131
李甪樹,李芳齡 譯。台北〆天下。
Jeffrey S. Young、William L. Simon,譯者〆陳筱黠、郭婷瑋,i狂人賈伯斯〆從另類人生到超酷創新的蘋果風格驅動家,臉譜,2005年11月03日。
Leander Kahney,譯者〆高子梅,賈伯斯在想什麼〇從蘋果到皮克斯,他的創意管理與經營哲學,臉譜,2009年03月05日。
王榮宗(Ellis Wang),“Eee PC軟硬兼施- 易社群與易服務”簡報,2008Linux Forum。
李仁芳教學個案,華碩的飛鷹之路〆軟硬通吃-Eee PC跨入創新應用服務領域。
沈振來, 政大演講-Eee PC 之品牌與創新思惟簡報,2008/12/12。
許士軍(2004),預告新策略時代誕生的一道曙光,推薦序,顧淑馨譯,消費者王朝-與顧客共創價值,天下雜誌出版。
許先越,創造永續傳承的創新,哈佛商業評論,2009年12月。
(三) 網路資源
Douglas MacMillan, Peter Burrows and Spencer E. Ante, Inside the App Economy, Bussiness Week, 2009/10/22.
Fred Vogelstein,The Untold Story: How the iPhone Blew Up the Wireless Industry,wired,2008/1/9。(http://www.wired.com/gadgets/wireless/magazine/16-02/ff_iphone?currentPage=all)
Leander Kahney,Inside Look at Birth of the IPod,Wired,2004/7/21。
Steve Jobs speaks out-On the birth of the iPhone,Fortrun,2008/3/7。(http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2008/fortune/0803/gallery.jobsqna.fortune/index.html)
132
王曉玟,華碩創新動能撼動世界,巨獅會跳舞,天下第387期,2007/12/19。
白勇,巨獅傳奇〆華碩成長為世界500強的故事,《商界》雜誌。(http://big5.huaxia.com/sw/qycf/2007/00563271.html)
先人一步低價計劃〆華碩的“巨獅”策略,商務週刊/華夏經緯網,2008/06/24。
李晶,上網本誕生記〆華碩大部屋中的秘密研發,經濟觀察報,2009/7/25。
林俊劭,金融海嘯後 最強富翁製造機,商業週刊,1137期,2009/9。
林貞美、李立達,低價電腦大戰 台商將成大贏家,經濟日報,A11版企業要聞,2007/9/26。
梁燕蕙,MIT 證實OLPC 量產成本188 美元 百美元NB 理想遭阻,Digitimes,2007/9/17。
郭和杰,英特爾與華碩合作推199美元筆電,iThome online,2007/6/05(http://www.ithome.com.tw/itadm/article.php?c=43754)
陳芳毓,Eee PC》一年內量產 顛覆全球NB市場,經理人月刊,2008/12/09。
陳芳毓,華碩Eee PC〆獨立新團隊,打破既有框架,經理人月刊,2009/06/02。
陳智文/譯,蘋果App Store審核程序 首次大公開,ZDNet新聞專區,2009/08/24。
黃文彥,尋找Apple創新的根源,,http://hwy.tw/。
曠文溱,PC 飛入尋常百姓家〆低價電腦特輯(一),ZDNet新聞專區。(http://www.zdnet.com.tw/print/?id=20129593&type=)
蘋果官方網站(http://www.apple.com/)
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
科技管理研究所
96359021
98
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096359021
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 李仁芳zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 洪以旼zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 洪以旼zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2009en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-Apr-2010 14:43:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-Apr-2010 14:43:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-Apr-2010 14:43:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0096359021en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/38386-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 科技管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96359021zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 從2007年至今,兩個系統產品華碩的Eee PC及蘋果的iPhone震撼市場,Eee PC更被稱做為破壞式創新。這兩個產品的發展及演化是非常值得研究,本研究欲探討:
     1.企業如何打破既有傳統硬體製造商思惟,將硬體、軟體及服務整合為一個系統產品;
     2.企業如何與使用者成功的共創軟體。
     本研究經過次級資料收集、訪談、個案分析後,研究發現:
     1.企業開發創新系統產品時,其創新組織特色為:
      (1)一個跳脫出主流產品獨立之開發組織(團隊);
      (2)將團隊獨立在主流外之後,給予跨部門團隊一個利於互動的開放環境;
      (3)更獲得高層的支持與參與,以助於產品創新。
     2.企業在開發創新系統產品過程中:
      (1)使用者資訊的取得來自於產品開發者,其具有使用者及開發者的雙重身分;
      (2)先從定義產品才決定功能;
      (3)必須創造原型才能讓使用者親眼見到、摸到產品,以獲得使用者回饋改善產品。
      然而,華碩在Eee PC上對於共創的努力成果不如蘋果豐碩,乃肇因兩個案之使用者社群特性不同,分別為集體協作社群及消費者生產社群。因此企業必須制訂出利於適合使用者社群之回饋模式、必須與開發人員建立良好的溝通並將過程透明。本研究亦發現,若欲成功與使用者共創,企業必須建構出優於既有平台之解決方案,以打破使用者習慣,才能有效共創。 
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) From the year of 2007 to the present-day, two systematic products, Eee PC of ASUS and iPhone of Apple, appear in the IT market and shock the world as best examples of destructive-innovation. It is thought worthwhile to take advantage of our understanding of the development and evolution of these two products in the past three decades to investigate:
     1. How an enterprise is able to break through the old ways of thinking of traditional hardware makers, and able to integrate hardware, software and services into an innovative system-product;
     2. How to create a platform for successful user- developer co-creating.
     The research method of this paper includes literature review, interview, and case analysis. The research results reveal that:
     1. In order to develop an innovative system-product, an independent task force comprise staffs of different expertise should be set up outside the mainstream organization of the enterprise; and the independent task force should be given strong support and participation from the top level leadership of the enterprise;
     2. In order to create an environment of user-developer co-creating, the function of the innovative system-product should be designed according to the demand of users; and the information of the users’requirement comes from the party of developer in the course of development;
     3. In order to obtain feedback from the users for further improvement, a prototype of the innovative system-product should be made for the users to perform a trial run.
     When Asus unveiled their Eee PC in 2007, they did try very hard to integrate services and software, and to develop software market through user co-creating, just as the way Apple had done it. But the outcome was and is still not as successful as that of Apple.
     Both Asus and Apple tried user co-creating, but the outcome is different. The difference of outcome stems from the different characteristics of user’s society, i.e. Mass Collaboration Community, and consumers production society. It is therefore that an enterprise should set up a feedback model suitable for user’s society.
     The research of this paper also reveals that a successful user co-creating should be based upon a platform which is superior to the existing one, and that the habit of users can be modified (changed) in compliance with the new development of the user co-creating environment.
en_US
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 圖目錄 VI
     表目錄 VII
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景與動機 1
     第二節 研究目的與待答問題 2
     第二章 文獻回顧 4
     第一節 創新組織環境 4
     第二節 創新產品的開發 7
     第三節 顧客角色的變化 18
     第四節 企業與顧客共創價值 23
     第三章 研究方法 27
     第一節 研究定位與方法 27
     第二節 研究流程 29
     第三節 研究架構與變數 30
     第四章 個案描述與分析 32
     第一節 華碩電腦 32
     第二節 蘋果公司 69
     第三節 個案比較 111
     第五章 研究發現 112
     第六章 結論與建議 125
     第一節 研究結論 125
     第二節 研究貢獻與研究限制 127
     第三節 後續研究建議 128
     參考文獻 129
-
dc.description.tableofcontents 圖目錄 VI
     表目錄 VII
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景與動機 1
     第二節 研究目的與待答問題 2
     第二章 文獻回顧 4
     第一節 創新組織環境 4
     第二節 創新產品的開發 7
     第三節 顧客角色的變化 18
     第四節 企業與顧客共創價值 23
     第三章 研究方法 27
     第一節 研究定位與方法 27
     第二節 研究流程 29
     第三節 研究架構與變數 30
     第四章 個案描述與分析 32
     第一節 華碩電腦 32
     第二節 蘋果公司 69
     第三節 個案比較 111
     第五章 研究發現 112
     第六章 結論與建議 125
     第一節 研究結論 125
     第二節 研究貢獻與研究限制 127
     第三節 後續研究建議 128
     參考文獻 129
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096359021en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 與使用者共創zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創新系統產品zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 破壞式創新zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 產品開發zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創新組織zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 創新系統產品之組織環境、開發及與使用者共創-以Eee PC、iPod及iPhone為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Organizational Environment, Development and User Co-Creating of Innovative System-Products-Case Studies of Eee PC, iPod, and iPhoneen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (一) 英文文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bonner, J. M., Ruekert, R. W., & Walker, O.C.(2002), Upper management control of new product development projects and project performance, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 19, pp.233-245.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cooper, R. G.(2001), Winning at new products(3rd ed), New York: Perseus Publishing.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dahan, E., & Hauser, J.R (2002), “The Virtual Customer: Communication, Conceptualization, and Computation“, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol.19(5), pp.332-353.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Denison, D. R., Hart, S. L., & Kahn, J. A.(1996), From chimneys to 135 cross-functional teams: Developing and validating a diagnostic model. Academy of Management Journal, 4, pp.1005-1023.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gupta, Raj and Wilemon(1985), The R&D-Marketing Interface in High-Technology Firms, Product Innovation Management, Vol.2 , pp.12-24.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Parry, M. E., & Song, X. M.(1993), Determinants of R&D-marketing integration in high-tech japanese firms. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 1, pp. 4-22.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pinto, J. K., & Prescott, J. E.(1990), Planning and tactical factors in the project implementation process, Journal of Management Studies, 3,pp.305-327.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 130zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ramiretz, R.(1999). Value Co-production: Intellectual Origins and Implications for Practice and Research. Strategic Management Journal, 20(1): 49-65.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ruekert, R. W., & Walker, O. C.(1987), Marketing’s interaction with other functional units: A conceptual framework and empirical evidence, Journal of Marketing, Jan, pp.1-19.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sethi, R., & Nicholson, C. Y.(2001), Structural and contextual correlates of charged behavior in product development teams, Journal of Product Innovation Management,18, pp.154-168.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thomke, S. and von Hippel, E.(2002). Customers as Innovators: A New Way to Create Value. Harvard Business Review, 80(4): 74- 81zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yin, R. K., Case Study Research: Design and Methods, Second Edition, Sage Publications,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1994.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zirger, B. J., & Maidique, M. A.(1990), A model of new product development: An empirical test, Management Science, 7, pp.867-883.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (二) 中文資料zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alvin Toffler, Heidi Toffler,Wealth 3.0〆托佛勒 財富陏命,出版社〆時報出版出版日期〆2007年01月25日。zh_TW
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