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題名 1926-1929年中比修約案研究
其他題名 A Study of Treaty Revision Negotiations between China and Belgium, 1926-1929
作者 唐啟華
Tang, Chi-Hua
貢獻者 政大歷史系
關鍵詞 中比修約;情勢變遷;常設國際法庭;顧維鈞;王正廷
Sino-Belgian Treaty Revision;rebus sic stantibus;Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague;Wellington Koo;Cheng-ting Wang
日期 2006-12
上傳時間 21-Sep-2010 13:19:46 (UTC+8)
摘要 1865年《中比條約》修約案是北洋末期「到期修約」政策的試金石,北京政府依據「情勢變遷」原則及條約中之修約條款,要求到期修約,遭到比利時拒絕後,斷然宣布舊約終止,成為中國外交史上第一個片面宣布失效的舊約。比利時政府向海牙常設國際法庭提出訴訟,北京外交部力謀對策,不久雙方妥協,展開修約談判,並完成草約。北京外交部雖未能訂立中比新約,但是已經確立舊約「期滿作廢」之先例,爭取到比利時依據「平等互惠尊重主權」原則談判新約,也渡過了常設國際法庭法理爭議的難關,為南京國民政府之改訂新約,奠定了堅實的基礎。北伐完成後,南京國民政府繼續與比剎時議訂第一個友好通商條約,但引起朝野廣泛質疑與討論。 1926-1929年中比修約研究,顯現了北伐前後中國外交發展脈絡,從北洋末期「到期修約」、「到期修改期滿作廢」到南京初期「改訂新約」的演變歷程「修約」、「廢約」兩條路線逐漸合流,北洋與南京政府外交的連續性相當明顯,有助於學界擺脫過去「革命史觀」對外交史的曲解。
The treaty revision negotiations over the Sino-Belgian Treaty of 1865 were the touchstone of the Peking Government`s treaty revision policy. The Peking government deemed that treaty as unequal and raised the issue according to the treaty revision clause and rebus sic stantibus principle. After the Belgian government`s rejection, Peking government announced that the treaty was terminated, and Belgium claimed China`s deed unlawful to the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague. Soon after, both parties compromised and started to negotiate a new treaty based on principles of equality and mutual respect for territorial sovereignty. A draft was reached but formal treaty not completed before the fall of the Peking government. The Nanking government took over the negotiations, and a new treaty was signed soon afterwards. These negotiations were important for the understandings of the diplomatic strategies between Peking and Nationalist governments over revision or abrogation the so-called Unequal Treaties. That also was important for its demonstration of the continuity between Peking and Nanking diplomacy.
關聯 二○世紀後半葉人文社會學術研討會
資料類型 article
dc.contributor 政大歷史系-
dc.creator (作者) 唐啟華zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Tang, Chi-Hua-
dc.date (日期) 2006-12en_US
dc.date.accessioned 21-Sep-2010 13:19:46 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 21-Sep-2010 13:19:46 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 21-Sep-2010 13:19:46 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/44748-
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 1865年《中比條約》修約案是北洋末期「到期修約」政策的試金石,北京政府依據「情勢變遷」原則及條約中之修約條款,要求到期修約,遭到比利時拒絕後,斷然宣布舊約終止,成為中國外交史上第一個片面宣布失效的舊約。比利時政府向海牙常設國際法庭提出訴訟,北京外交部力謀對策,不久雙方妥協,展開修約談判,並完成草約。北京外交部雖未能訂立中比新約,但是已經確立舊約「期滿作廢」之先例,爭取到比利時依據「平等互惠尊重主權」原則談判新約,也渡過了常設國際法庭法理爭議的難關,為南京國民政府之改訂新約,奠定了堅實的基礎。北伐完成後,南京國民政府繼續與比剎時議訂第一個友好通商條約,但引起朝野廣泛質疑與討論。 1926-1929年中比修約研究,顯現了北伐前後中國外交發展脈絡,從北洋末期「到期修約」、「到期修改期滿作廢」到南京初期「改訂新約」的演變歷程「修約」、「廢約」兩條路線逐漸合流,北洋與南京政府外交的連續性相當明顯,有助於學界擺脫過去「革命史觀」對外交史的曲解。-
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The treaty revision negotiations over the Sino-Belgian Treaty of 1865 were the touchstone of the Peking Government`s treaty revision policy. The Peking government deemed that treaty as unequal and raised the issue according to the treaty revision clause and rebus sic stantibus principle. After the Belgian government`s rejection, Peking government announced that the treaty was terminated, and Belgium claimed China`s deed unlawful to the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague. Soon after, both parties compromised and started to negotiate a new treaty based on principles of equality and mutual respect for territorial sovereignty. A draft was reached but formal treaty not completed before the fall of the Peking government. The Nanking government took over the negotiations, and a new treaty was signed soon afterwards. These negotiations were important for the understandings of the diplomatic strategies between Peking and Nationalist governments over revision or abrogation the so-called Unequal Treaties. That also was important for its demonstration of the continuity between Peking and Nanking diplomacy.-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.relation (關聯) 二○世紀後半葉人文社會學術研討會en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中比修約;情勢變遷;常設國際法庭;顧維鈞;王正廷-
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Sino-Belgian Treaty Revision;rebus sic stantibus;Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague;Wellington Koo;Cheng-ting Wang-
dc.title (題名) 1926-1929年中比修約案研究en_US
dc.title.alternative (其他題名) A Study of Treaty Revision Negotiations between China and Belgium, 1926-1929-
dc.type (資料類型) articleen