Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 廠商特性與行銷創新之關係 - 台灣地區零售業之實證分析
Relationships between Firm Characteristics and Marketing Innovation – An Empirical Study of the Retail Industry in Taiwan
作者 洪宗瑋
貢獻者 許牧彥
洪宗瑋
關鍵詞 廠商特性
行銷創新
零售業
創新調查
firm characterisitics
marketing innovation
retail industry
innovation survey
日期 2009
上傳時間 8-Dec-2010 01:53:34 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究旨在探討台灣地區零售業目前行銷創新的現況。以往之文獻顯少涉及廠商特性與行銷創新間的關係,本研究則以細緻化後的行銷創新分類,實證探討台灣區零售業廠商特性與行銷創新間的關係。
      首先,本研究探討了台灣地區零售業相較於非零售業之服務業而言,特別會進行哪些類型的行銷創新,以瞭解零售業的行銷創新特性;接著,本研究探討了會進行各種不同類型的廠商有何廠商特性,以瞭解零售業廠商特性與行銷創新間的相關性;最後,本研究進一步鎖定零售業廠商的市場範圍廣度及主要顧客類型此兩個構面,而去研究廠商的市場範圍廣度及主要顧客類型對零售業廠商進行行銷創新是否有顯著的影響。
     
      本研究的分析方法採用probit迴歸模型,實證結果發現:
     1.台灣地區零售業廠商行銷創新之比例高於非零售業之服務業的行銷創新之比例,且零售業廠商進行任何一種行銷創新之比例也都高於非零售業之服務業。零售業廠商所進行的各類行銷創新當中,有進行該創新的廠商比例為由高到低為:銷售通路、產品/外觀/形象設計、廣告促銷推廣、產品展示方式/管道、包裝、定價付款。
     2.除了定價付款的創新之外,零售業廠商市場範圍包含海外市場數目越多,對於廠商進行其他五種行銷創新皆有正向影響;亦即,廠商的市場範圍越廣,則越容易進行此五類的行銷創新。
     3.當零售業廠商的主要顧客類型包含消費者時,除了產品展示方式/管道的創新之外,此項廠商特性對於廠商進行其他五種類型的行銷創新皆有正向影響。當零售業廠商主要顧客類型包含非母企業集團之其他公司時,本研究結論無足夠證據支持其對進行此六種行銷創新是否有正向或負向之影響。當零售業廠商的主要顧客類型包含政府單位時,對於進行產品展示方式/管道的創新有正向影響。
This research is to study the market innovation of the retail industry in Taiwan. Previous researches had rarely studied on the relationship between firm characteristics and market innovation. This research uses an empirical method to investigate the relationship between characteristics of retail firms in Taiwan and market innovation.
      This research first finds out what sorts of market innovation that the firms in the Taiwan retail industry tend to do, then identifies the relationship between firm characteristics and marketing innovation, and finally investigate the impacts of customer types and market area upon market innovations of these retail firms by probit regression model.
      The main findings of this research are in the following.
     I. Firms in the Taiwan retail industries have higher level of market innovation in every aspect as compared to firms in other service industries. The ranking of the percentage of each sort of market innovation, from high to low, is as follows: channel, design, promotion, display, package, and pricing.
     II. The increase of the number of overseas markets will contribute to higher level of five sorts of market innovation, except for the pricing innovation. In other words, the higher the retail firms’ market area, the more likely the firms will have marketing innovation.
     III. If the retail firms’ major customers include final consumers, firms are more likely to have channel, design, promotion, package, and pricing innovation, except for the display innovation. If the major customers include the government, retail firms are more likely to have display innovation, but less likely to have channel, design, promotion, package, and pricing innovation.
誌謝 II
     中文摘要 III
     英文摘要 V
     表目錄 IX
     圖目錄 X
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景與動機 1
     第二節 研究目的 3
     第三節 研究定位與內容說明 4
     第四節 研究限制 6
     第二章 文獻探討 8
     第一節 行銷及行銷組合的文獻 8
     壹、 行銷的定義 8
     貳、 行銷組合的定義與分類 9
     第二節 創新之文獻 11
     壹、 創新的定義 11
     貳、 創新的分類 13
     第三節 行銷創新之文獻 15
     壹、 行銷創新的定義 15
     貳、 行銷創新的研究 17
     參、 小結 18
     第四節 廠商特性與創新活動的相關性之文獻 19
     壹、 市場廣度與創新的相關性之文獻 19
     貳、 廠商規模與創新的相關性之文獻 20
     參、 小結 20
     第三章 研究方法 22
     第一節 研究架構 23
     第二節 假設命題 25
     第三節 資料來源與樣本結構 30
     壹、 台灣地區第二次產業創新調查及本研究樣本來源 30
     貳、 樣本結構特徵分析 31
     第四節 資料分析方法:probit模型介紹 34
     第五節 實證模型 36
     第四章 實證結果與分析 42
     第一節 零售業廠商行銷創新敘述統計分析 42
     第二節 零售業廠商廠商特性敘述統計分析 44
     第三節 廠商市場範圍廣度、主要顧客類型與行銷創新之相關性分析 50
     第五章 結論及建議 74
     第一節 研究結論 74
     第二節 研究建議 75
     參考文獻 78
參考文獻 一、 中文部分
方靜月 (2003),《台灣銀行業市場導向、環境干擾、銀行創新與經營績效關係之研究》,台北大學企業管理研究所博士論文。
吳思華、許牧彥、謝邦昌、鄭宇庭(2008),《台灣地區第二次產業創新調查》,國科會委託研究報告。
施佳玫 (2004),《行銷知識能耐、產品創新、行銷創新與市場績效關係之研究》,成功大學企業管理研究所博士論文。
徐作聖譯(2000),Allan Afuah著,《創新管理》,華泰出版。
曾義民 (2002),《服務業之網路關係與其行銷創新能力之研究──以消費性金融業務為例》,臺大管理論叢,12卷,2期,79–106頁。
蔡明達 (2000),《市場資訊處理程序與組織記憶對行銷創新影響之研究》,政治大學企業管理研究所博士論文。
二、 英文部分
Abenathy, W. & Utterback, J.(1978), “Patterns of Industrial Innovation”, Strategic Management of Technology and Innovation, 154–160.
Acs, Z. & Audretsch, D.(1988), “Innovation in Large and Small Firms: An Empirical Analysis”, The American Economic Review, 678-690.
Baldwin, J, Hanel, P. & Sabourin, D.(2002), “Determinants of Innovative Activity in Canadian Manufacturing Firms: The Role of Intellectual Property Rights”, Innovation and Firm Performance: Econometric Explorations of Survey Data, edited by Kleinknecht A. & Mohnen P., 86-111.
Barras, R.(1990), “Interactive innovation in financial and business services: the vanguard of the services revolution”, Research Policy, 19, 215–237.
Betz, F.(1998), “Strategic Technology Management”, McGraw-Hill, Springer Verlag, NJ.
Bhattacharya, M. and Bloch, H.(2004), “Determinants of Innovation”, Small Business Economics, Vol. 22, 155-162.
Cooper, R. (1995), “When Lean Enterprises Collide: Competing through Confrontation”, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
Collins, J. Markham(1990), “A Market Performance Comparison of U.S. Firms Active in Domestic Developed and Developing Countries,” Journal of International Business Studies, 21(2), 271-287.
Community Innovation Survey IV(2005), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 20.
Daniels, J and Bracker, J. (1989), “Profit Performance: Do Foreign Operations Make a Difference,” Management International Review, 29(1), 46-56.
Drucker, P.(1985), “The Discipline of Innovation”, Harvard Business Review, 63 (3), 67–72.
Freeman, C.(1982), “The Economics of Industrial Innovation”, Frances Pinter Publishers, London.
Gershuny, J. & Miles, I.(1983), “The New Service Economy: the Transformation of Employment in Industrial”. Frances Pinter Publishers, London.
Grant, R., Jammine, A., & Thomas H.(1988), “Diversity, Diversification, and Profitability among British Manufacturing Companies, 1972-1984,” Academy of Management Journal, 31(4), 771-801.
Hanvanach, S., Droge, C., & Calatone, R.(2003), “Reconceptualizing the Meaning and Domain of Marketing Knowledge”, Journal of Knowledge Management, 7(4), 124–135.
Higgins, J. (1995), “Innovation: the Core Competence”, Planning Review, 23 (6), 32–35.
Holt, K.(1983), “Product Innovation Management(2nd ed.)”, Butterworths.
Johne, F.(1996), “Avoiding Product Development Failure is not Enough”, European Management Journal, 14, 176–180.
Kotler, P.(2003), “Marketing Management(11th ed.)”, Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Kolter, P. & Armstrong, G. (1994), “Principles of marketing (6th ed.)”, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Lee, C.(2004), “The Determinants of Innovation in the Malaysian Manufacturing Sector: An Econometric Analysis at the Firm Level”, ASEAN Economic Bulletin, Vol.21, No.3. 319-29.
Levitt, T.(1960), “Marketing Myopia”, Harvard Business Review, No. 38, 45-56.
Marsh, D & Oxley, L.(2005), “Modelling innovative activity in the New Zealand biotechnology sector”, Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, Vol. 69, 103-112
Martinez-Ros, E.(2000), “Explaining the decisions to carry Out Product and Process Innovations: The Spain Case”, Journal of High-Technology Management Research, 10, 223-242.
McCarthy, J.(1960), “Basic Marketing: A Managerial Approach”, Irwin, Inc., Homewood, IL.
McNamara, C.(1972), “The Present Status of the Marketing Concept”, Journal of Marketing, Vol.36(January), 50-57.
Michel, A. and Israel S.(1986), “Multinational Corporations vs. Domestic Corporations: Financial Performance and Characteristics,” Journal of International Business Studies, 18(3), 89-100.
Pavitt, K., Robson, M. & Towsend, J.(1989), “Technological Accumulation, Diversification and Organization in UK Companies 1945–1983”, Management Sciences, 35(1), 81-99.
Ramaswamy, K.(1999), “An Empirical Examination of the Form of the Relationship between Multinationality and Performance,” Journal of International Business Studies, 30(1), 173-188.
Rogers E. & Shoemaker, F. (1971), “Communication of Innovations: A Cross-Cultural Approach”, The Free Press, New York, NY.
Scherer, F.(1965), “Industrial Structure and Economic Performance”, Howghton Mifflin, Boston, MA.
Shumpeter, J.(1942), “Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy”, Harper and Brothers, New York, NY.
Stanton, W (1975), “Fundamentals of Marketing, 4th ed.”, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York, NY.
Thornhill, S.(2006), “Knowledge, innovation and firm performance in high- and low-technology regimes”, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 21, 687-703
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
科技管理研究所
97359006
98
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097359006
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 許牧彥zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 洪宗瑋zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 洪宗瑋zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2009en_US
dc.date.accessioned 8-Dec-2010 01:53:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 8-Dec-2010 01:53:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 8-Dec-2010 01:53:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097359006en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/48939-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 科技管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97359006zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究旨在探討台灣地區零售業目前行銷創新的現況。以往之文獻顯少涉及廠商特性與行銷創新間的關係,本研究則以細緻化後的行銷創新分類,實證探討台灣區零售業廠商特性與行銷創新間的關係。
      首先,本研究探討了台灣地區零售業相較於非零售業之服務業而言,特別會進行哪些類型的行銷創新,以瞭解零售業的行銷創新特性;接著,本研究探討了會進行各種不同類型的廠商有何廠商特性,以瞭解零售業廠商特性與行銷創新間的相關性;最後,本研究進一步鎖定零售業廠商的市場範圍廣度及主要顧客類型此兩個構面,而去研究廠商的市場範圍廣度及主要顧客類型對零售業廠商進行行銷創新是否有顯著的影響。
     
      本研究的分析方法採用probit迴歸模型,實證結果發現:
     1.台灣地區零售業廠商行銷創新之比例高於非零售業之服務業的行銷創新之比例,且零售業廠商進行任何一種行銷創新之比例也都高於非零售業之服務業。零售業廠商所進行的各類行銷創新當中,有進行該創新的廠商比例為由高到低為:銷售通路、產品/外觀/形象設計、廣告促銷推廣、產品展示方式/管道、包裝、定價付款。
     2.除了定價付款的創新之外,零售業廠商市場範圍包含海外市場數目越多,對於廠商進行其他五種行銷創新皆有正向影響;亦即,廠商的市場範圍越廣,則越容易進行此五類的行銷創新。
     3.當零售業廠商的主要顧客類型包含消費者時,除了產品展示方式/管道的創新之外,此項廠商特性對於廠商進行其他五種類型的行銷創新皆有正向影響。當零售業廠商主要顧客類型包含非母企業集團之其他公司時,本研究結論無足夠證據支持其對進行此六種行銷創新是否有正向或負向之影響。當零售業廠商的主要顧客類型包含政府單位時,對於進行產品展示方式/管道的創新有正向影響。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This research is to study the market innovation of the retail industry in Taiwan. Previous researches had rarely studied on the relationship between firm characteristics and market innovation. This research uses an empirical method to investigate the relationship between characteristics of retail firms in Taiwan and market innovation.
      This research first finds out what sorts of market innovation that the firms in the Taiwan retail industry tend to do, then identifies the relationship between firm characteristics and marketing innovation, and finally investigate the impacts of customer types and market area upon market innovations of these retail firms by probit regression model.
      The main findings of this research are in the following.
     I. Firms in the Taiwan retail industries have higher level of market innovation in every aspect as compared to firms in other service industries. The ranking of the percentage of each sort of market innovation, from high to low, is as follows: channel, design, promotion, display, package, and pricing.
     II. The increase of the number of overseas markets will contribute to higher level of five sorts of market innovation, except for the pricing innovation. In other words, the higher the retail firms’ market area, the more likely the firms will have marketing innovation.
     III. If the retail firms’ major customers include final consumers, firms are more likely to have channel, design, promotion, package, and pricing innovation, except for the display innovation. If the major customers include the government, retail firms are more likely to have display innovation, but less likely to have channel, design, promotion, package, and pricing innovation.
en_US
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 誌謝 II
     中文摘要 III
     英文摘要 V
     表目錄 IX
     圖目錄 X
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景與動機 1
     第二節 研究目的 3
     第三節 研究定位與內容說明 4
     第四節 研究限制 6
     第二章 文獻探討 8
     第一節 行銷及行銷組合的文獻 8
     壹、 行銷的定義 8
     貳、 行銷組合的定義與分類 9
     第二節 創新之文獻 11
     壹、 創新的定義 11
     貳、 創新的分類 13
     第三節 行銷創新之文獻 15
     壹、 行銷創新的定義 15
     貳、 行銷創新的研究 17
     參、 小結 18
     第四節 廠商特性與創新活動的相關性之文獻 19
     壹、 市場廣度與創新的相關性之文獻 19
     貳、 廠商規模與創新的相關性之文獻 20
     參、 小結 20
     第三章 研究方法 22
     第一節 研究架構 23
     第二節 假設命題 25
     第三節 資料來源與樣本結構 30
     壹、 台灣地區第二次產業創新調查及本研究樣本來源 30
     貳、 樣本結構特徵分析 31
     第四節 資料分析方法:probit模型介紹 34
     第五節 實證模型 36
     第四章 實證結果與分析 42
     第一節 零售業廠商行銷創新敘述統計分析 42
     第二節 零售業廠商廠商特性敘述統計分析 44
     第三節 廠商市場範圍廣度、主要顧客類型與行銷創新之相關性分析 50
     第五章 結論及建議 74
     第一節 研究結論 74
     第二節 研究建議 75
     參考文獻 78
-
dc.description.tableofcontents 誌謝 II
     中文摘要 III
     英文摘要 V
     表目錄 IX
     圖目錄 X
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景與動機 1
     第二節 研究目的 3
     第三節 研究定位與內容說明 4
     第四節 研究限制 6
     第二章 文獻探討 8
     第一節 行銷及行銷組合的文獻 8
     壹、 行銷的定義 8
     貳、 行銷組合的定義與分類 9
     第二節 創新之文獻 11
     壹、 創新的定義 11
     貳、 創新的分類 13
     第三節 行銷創新之文獻 15
     壹、 行銷創新的定義 15
     貳、 行銷創新的研究 17
     參、 小結 18
     第四節 廠商特性與創新活動的相關性之文獻 19
     壹、 市場廣度與創新的相關性之文獻 19
     貳、 廠商規模與創新的相關性之文獻 20
     參、 小結 20
     第三章 研究方法 22
     第一節 研究架構 23
     第二節 假設命題 25
     第三節 資料來源與樣本結構 30
     壹、 台灣地區第二次產業創新調查及本研究樣本來源 30
     貳、 樣本結構特徵分析 31
     第四節 資料分析方法:probit模型介紹 34
     第五節 實證模型 36
     第四章 實證結果與分析 42
     第一節 零售業廠商行銷創新敘述統計分析 42
     第二節 零售業廠商廠商特性敘述統計分析 44
     第三節 廠商市場範圍廣度、主要顧客類型與行銷創新之相關性分析 50
     第五章 結論及建議 74
     第一節 研究結論 74
     第二節 研究建議 75
     參考文獻 78
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097359006en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 廠商特性zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 行銷創新zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 零售業zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創新調查zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) firm characterisiticsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) marketing innovationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) retail industryen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) innovation surveyen_US
dc.title (題名) 廠商特性與行銷創新之關係 - 台灣地區零售業之實證分析zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Relationships between Firm Characteristics and Marketing Innovation – An Empirical Study of the Retail Industry in Taiwanen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 中文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 方靜月 (2003),《台灣銀行業市場導向、環境干擾、銀行創新與經營績效關係之研究》,台北大學企業管理研究所博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳思華、許牧彥、謝邦昌、鄭宇庭(2008),《台灣地區第二次產業創新調查》,國科會委託研究報告。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 施佳玫 (2004),《行銷知識能耐、產品創新、行銷創新與市場績效關係之研究》,成功大學企業管理研究所博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 徐作聖譯(2000),Allan Afuah著,《創新管理》,華泰出版。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 曾義民 (2002),《服務業之網路關係與其行銷創新能力之研究──以消費性金融業務為例》,臺大管理論叢,12卷,2期,79–106頁。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蔡明達 (2000),《市場資訊處理程序與組織記憶對行銷創新影響之研究》,政治大學企業管理研究所博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、 英文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Abenathy, W. & Utterback, J.(1978), “Patterns of Industrial Innovation”, Strategic Management of Technology and Innovation, 154–160.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Acs, Z. & Audretsch, D.(1988), “Innovation in Large and Small Firms: An Empirical Analysis”, The American Economic Review, 678-690.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Baldwin, J, Hanel, P. & Sabourin, D.(2002), “Determinants of Innovative Activity in Canadian Manufacturing Firms: The Role of Intellectual Property Rights”, Innovation and Firm Performance: Econometric Explorations of Survey Data, edited by Kleinknecht A. & Mohnen P., 86-111.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Barras, R.(1990), “Interactive innovation in financial and business services: the vanguard of the services revolution”, Research Policy, 19, 215–237.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Betz, F.(1998), “Strategic Technology Management”, McGraw-Hill, Springer Verlag, NJ.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bhattacharya, M. and Bloch, H.(2004), “Determinants of Innovation”, Small Business Economics, Vol. 22, 155-162.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cooper, R. (1995), “When Lean Enterprises Collide: Competing through Confrontation”, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Collins, J. Markham(1990), “A Market Performance Comparison of U.S. Firms Active in Domestic Developed and Developing Countries,” Journal of International Business Studies, 21(2), 271-287.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Community Innovation Survey IV(2005), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 20.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Daniels, J and Bracker, J. (1989), “Profit Performance: Do Foreign Operations Make a Difference,” Management International Review, 29(1), 46-56.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Drucker, P.(1985), “The Discipline of Innovation”, Harvard Business Review, 63 (3), 67–72.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Freeman, C.(1982), “The Economics of Industrial Innovation”, Frances Pinter Publishers, London.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gershuny, J. & Miles, I.(1983), “The New Service Economy: the Transformation of Employment in Industrial”. Frances Pinter Publishers, London.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grant, R., Jammine, A., & Thomas H.(1988), “Diversity, Diversification, and Profitability among British Manufacturing Companies, 1972-1984,” Academy of Management Journal, 31(4), 771-801.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hanvanach, S., Droge, C., & Calatone, R.(2003), “Reconceptualizing the Meaning and Domain of Marketing Knowledge”, Journal of Knowledge Management, 7(4), 124–135.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Higgins, J. (1995), “Innovation: the Core Competence”, Planning Review, 23 (6), 32–35.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Holt, K.(1983), “Product Innovation Management(2nd ed.)”, Butterworths.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Johne, F.(1996), “Avoiding Product Development Failure is not Enough”, European Management Journal, 14, 176–180.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kotler, P.(2003), “Marketing Management(11th ed.)”, Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kolter, P. & Armstrong, G. (1994), “Principles of marketing (6th ed.)”, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lee, C.(2004), “The Determinants of Innovation in the Malaysian Manufacturing Sector: An Econometric Analysis at the Firm Level”, ASEAN Economic Bulletin, Vol.21, No.3. 319-29.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Levitt, T.(1960), “Marketing Myopia”, Harvard Business Review, No. 38, 45-56.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Marsh, D & Oxley, L.(2005), “Modelling innovative activity in the New Zealand biotechnology sector”, Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, Vol. 69, 103-112zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Martinez-Ros, E.(2000), “Explaining the decisions to carry Out Product and Process Innovations: The Spain Case”, Journal of High-Technology Management Research, 10, 223-242.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McCarthy, J.(1960), “Basic Marketing: A Managerial Approach”, Irwin, Inc., Homewood, IL.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McNamara, C.(1972), “The Present Status of the Marketing Concept”, Journal of Marketing, Vol.36(January), 50-57.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Michel, A. and Israel S.(1986), “Multinational Corporations vs. Domestic Corporations: Financial Performance and Characteristics,” Journal of International Business Studies, 18(3), 89-100.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pavitt, K., Robson, M. & Towsend, J.(1989), “Technological Accumulation, Diversification and Organization in UK Companies 1945–1983”, Management Sciences, 35(1), 81-99.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ramaswamy, K.(1999), “An Empirical Examination of the Form of the Relationship between Multinationality and Performance,” Journal of International Business Studies, 30(1), 173-188.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rogers E. & Shoemaker, F. (1971), “Communication of Innovations: A Cross-Cultural Approach”, The Free Press, New York, NY.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Scherer, F.(1965), “Industrial Structure and Economic Performance”, Howghton Mifflin, Boston, MA.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shumpeter, J.(1942), “Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy”, Harper and Brothers, New York, NY.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stanton, W (1975), “Fundamentals of Marketing, 4th ed.”, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York, NY.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thornhill, S.(2006), “Knowledge, innovation and firm performance in high- and low-technology regimes”, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 21, 687-703zh_TW