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題名 從OEM/ODM到OBM的轉型之研究–動態能力的觀點
Industrial firms` Transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM: The perspective of dynamic capability
作者 徐伊嫻
Hsu, I Hsien
貢獻者 吳豐祥
Wu, Feng Shang
徐伊嫻
Hsu, I Hsien
關鍵詞 自有品牌
轉型
動態能力
行銷能力
OEM
ODM
Own Brand
Transformation
Dynamic Capability
Marketing Capability
OEM
ODM
日期 2009
上傳時間 8-Dec-2010 01:53:35 (UTC+8)
摘要 台灣企業早期主要是扮演協助國際品牌大廠生產代工的角色,隨著廠商不斷地累積本身能力,提升給予客戶的附加價值過程中,台灣企業也由以裝配技術為主的原廠委託製造(Original Equipment Manufacturing,OEM)轉變為具有設計能力的原廠委託設計製造(Original Design Manufacturing,ODM)。但是近年來,台灣的低成本優勢已逐漸被新興市場所取代,加上產業發展成熟後,毛利率持續下探,代工廠商就成為品牌商為了維持獲利而犧牲的對象。因此,產業升級的概念開始受到重視,其中由代工轉型升級至自有品牌一直是產官學界最關注的話題之一。
      過去國內文獻對於品牌經營的相關議題,已有多位專家學者投入研究,但在研究上大多著重品牌發展策略、關鍵成功因素等策略層面,或是品牌與績效之間的關係,亦或是對自有品牌關鍵成功因素之一的行銷通路建構,對於企業由OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的實務歷程之研究仍屬少數。因此本研究針對成功由OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的企業,探討其轉型過程中,建構行銷能力之動態歷程,讓研究成果可作為台灣產業未來欲投入自有品牌經營活動時的參考。
      本研究之研究問題有二:1.企業由OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的動機為何?2.企業由OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的過程中,如何發展出新的能力以適應新的環境?
      本研究的研究結論如下:
     1.企業從OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的動機主要在於永續經營與擺脫代工困境,背後的目的為欲提高事業附加價值,同時,企業考量轉型時機上會選在OEM/ODM業務還穩定發展時就先進行布局。
     2.企業轉型為OBM的過程中,其發展新能力方式的選擇會受到過去發展路徑與經營策略的影響,並且會透過內部的教育訓練與組織管理程序的設計來提升組織能力。
     3.企業從OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的過程中,會重視「發展新產品之能力」的培養,並且會指派人員負責發展與未來新產品有關的關鍵技術,以持續保有產品與技術上的競爭優勢。
     4.企業於轉型為OBM過程有關國際化經營的活動中,在發展新產品時會採「區域分工、共同開發」的做法,以提高目標消費者對新產品的接受程度。
     5.企業從OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的方式很多,以購併方式能夠快速取得品牌與通路,此時其購併目的的清楚與否,會是其購併能否成功的關鍵因素。
     6.企業從OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的過程中,其全球總部會扮演資源協調整合與績效評估的監督管理角色;對於購併取得的品牌或通路,會授權其在地經營團隊自主經營。
Taiwanese industrial firms in the early days played roles as facilitating manufacturers of OEM brands. As the manufacturers continued to accumulate their ability by enhancing the added-value they can provide to customers, they transferred from Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM) to Original Design Manufacturing (ODM). However, Taiwan has lost its low cost advantage to emerging markets recently. Also, brand owners edged contract manufacturers’ gross margin lower to maintain their profitability when the industry got matured. Hence, the concept of industrial upgrading began to receive attention, including the transformation from OEM to own brand which is the most concerned topic of government and academia.
      In the past, most researches related to brand management focus on strategic level such as brand development strategy and key success factors, relation between brand and performance, or marketing channel construction which is one of the key success factors to develop own brand. Only small number of study investigates the practical transformation process of industrial firms from OEM/ODM to OBM. Thus, this study majorly focuses on the dynamic constructing process of marketing capability of industrial firms which have transformed from OEM/ODM to OBM successfully and aims to investigate following questions: 1. What are the motivations of industrial firms which decided to transform from OEM/ODM to OBM? 2. How did these firms develop new capability to adapt environment during their transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM?
      The preliminary research findings include:
     1.The motivations of firms which have transformed from OEM/ODM to OBM are sustainable operation and to get rid of OEM dilemma. The purpose behind is to increase added-value of business. Meanwhile, the firm take transformation into consideration when the OEM/ODM business still operates stably.
     2.During transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM, the way firms develop new ability is affected by their past pathes and operating strategies. They advance organization capability through internal traning and organizational procedures design.
     3.During transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM, firms emphasize on cultivating “capability of developing new product”, and assign R&D team to take charge of developing critical technology related to future products to maintain their competitive advantage in product and technology.
     4.During transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM and among activities related to international operations, firms adopt a "regional division of labor and joint development" approach when developing new products, to increase target consumers’ acceptance to new products.
     5.Industrial irms can transform from OEM/ODM to OBM in many ways. Through merge and acquisition, firms can get brands and channels quickly. It is a key to merge and acquisition successfully if the purpose of the firm’s acquisition is clear.
     6.During transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM, firms’ global headquarters play a role of supervision and management, such as coordinating and integrating resources, also performing assessment; as for acquired brand or channels, local teams are fully authorized to operate in their own decisions.
第一章 緒論 1
     一、研究動機 1
     二、研究目的與問題 3
     三、研究流程 4
     四、論文架構 5
     第二章 文獻探討 6
     一、企業轉型 6
     (一) 企業轉型之定義 6
     (二) 企業轉型之類型 8
     (三) 企業轉型之動機 10
     (四) 小結 11
     二、代工與自有品牌 12
     (一) 代工議題(OEM/ODM) 12
     (二) 品牌相關議題(OBM) 13
     (三) 小結 18
     三、動態能力 18
     (一) 動態能力理論的發展背景 18
     (二) 動態能力之定義 22
     (三) 動態能力架構 24
     (四) 小結 28
     四、組織能力 29
     (一) 組織能力 29
     (二) 行銷能力 34
     (三) 小結 37
     五、本章小結 37
     第三章 研究方法 40
     一、研究架構 40
     二、研究方法 42
     三、資料蒐集 43
     (一) 初級資料與個案研究對象 43
     (二) 次級資料 45
     四、研究限制 46
     第四章 個案分析 47
     一、個案一 美利達工業 48
     (一) 公司簡介 48
     (二) 轉型動機 51
     (三) 原企業組織管理程序 52
     (四) 原企業專屬資產 53
     (五) 企業發展路徑 55
     (六) 新事業組織管理程序 58
     (七) 新事業專屬資產 63
     二、個案二 喬山健康科技 67
     (一) 公司簡介 67
     (二) 轉型動機 71
     (三) 原企業組織管理程序 71
     (四)原企業專屬資產 72
     (五) 企業發展路徑 73
     (六) 新事業組織管理程序 76
     (七) 新事業專屬資產 80
     三、個案三 成霖企業 84
     (一) 公司簡介 84
     (二) 轉型動機 88
     (三) 原企業組織管理程序 88
     (四) 原企業專屬資產 90
     (五) 企業發展路徑 92
     (六) 新事業組織管理程序 94
     (七) 新事業專屬資產 98
     四、個案彙整 102
     第五章 研究命題與討論 106
     一、轉型動機 106
     二、企業組織管理程序 108
     三、企業資產位置 123
     四、企業發展路徑 124
     第六章 研究結論與建議 129
     一、研究結論 129
     二、實務上的建議 131
     三、後續研究建議 133
     參考文獻 134
     附錄 141
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58.謝沅珊 (2008),「成霖企業Danze自創與併購打開通路」,2008/12/17經濟日報。
59.謝政樺 (2009),「從組織知識學習與資源觀點探討台灣自有品牌廠商的國際行銷通路建構模式–以網通廠商為例」,國立政治大學科技管理研究所碩士論文。
60.戴元鑑 (2010),「成霖的轉型」簡報,成霖企業內部文件。
二、英文文獻
1.Adams, J. D. (1984), Transforming Work, VA: Miles Review Press.
2.Adrian, S. (1997), Value Migration: How to Think Several Moves Ahead of The Competition, Harvard Business School Press.
3.Amit, R. & Schoemaker, P. J. H. (1993), “Strategic Assets and Organizational Rent”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol.14, pp. 33-46.
4.Andrews, K. (1971), The Concept of Corporate Strategy, IL: Dow Jones-Irwin.
5.Barbara, B. & Philippe, H. (1994), “Toward a Definition of Corporate Transformation”, Sloan Management Review, Vol.35, No.3, pp.101-106.
6.Bartmess, A. & Cerny, K. (1993), “Building Competitive Advantage through a Global Network of Capabilities”, California Management Review, Vol.35, No.2, pp. 78-103.
7.Bhatt, G.D. (2000), “A Resource-based Perspective of Developing Organizational Capabilities for Business Transformation”, Knowledge and Process Management, Vol.7, No.2, pp. 119-129.
8.Bibeault, D. B. (1982), Corporate Turnaround: How Managers Turn Losers into Winners, NY: McGraw-Hill.
9.Conant, J.S., Mokwa, M.P. & Varadarajan, P.R. (1990), “Strategic Types, Distinctive Marketing Competencies and Organizational Performace: A Multiple-measures-based Study”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 365-383.
10.Collis, D. (1994), “How Valuable Are Organizational Capabilities?”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol.15, pp. 143-152.
11.Day, G. (1994), “The Capabilities of Market-driven Organizations”, Journal of Marketing, Vol.58, pp. 37-52.
12.Dierickx, I. & Cool, K. (1989), “Asset Stock Accumulation and Sustainability of Competitive Advantage”, Management Science, Vol.35, No.12, pp. 1504-1511.
13.Doyle, P. (1989), “Building Successful Brand: The Strategic Options”, Journal of Marketing Management, Vol.5, No.1, pp. 77-95.
14.Dutta, S., Narasimhan, O., & Rajiv S. (2005), “Conceptualizing and Measuring Capabilities: Methodology and Empirical Application”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol.26, No.3, pp. 277-285.
15.Eisenhardt, K. & Martin, J. (2000), “Dynamic Capability: What are they?”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 21, No.10-11, pp. 1105-1121.
16.Grant, R.M. (1991), “The Resource-Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation”, California Management Review, Vol.33, No.3, pp. 114-135.
17.Grant, R.M. (1996), “Prospering in Dynamically-Competitive Environments: Organizational Capability as Knowledge Integration”, Organizational Science, Vol. 7, No.4, pp. 375-387.
18.Hammer, M. & Champy, J. (1993), Reengineering the Corporation - A Manifesto for Business Revolution, Harper Business.
19.Hunt, S.D. & Morgan, R.M. (1995), “The Comparative Advantage Theory of Competition”, Journal of Marketing, Vol.59, pp. 1-15.
20.Jacobides, M.G. & Winter, S.G. (2005), “The Co-evolution of Capabilities and Transaction Costs: Explaining the Institutional Structure of Production”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol.26, No.5, pp. 395-413.
21.Jonathan, D. D. (2000), “Corporate Transformation Without a Crisis”, The McKinsey Quarterly, pp.116-128.
22.Kilmann, R. H., Covin, T. J. & Associates (1988), Corporate Transformation, California: Jossey-Bass.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
科技管理研究所
97359029
98
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097359029
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 吳豐祥zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Wu, Feng Shangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 徐伊嫻zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hsu, I Hsienen_US
dc.creator (作者) 徐伊嫻zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hsu, I Hsienen_US
dc.date (日期) 2009en_US
dc.date.accessioned 8-Dec-2010 01:53:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 8-Dec-2010 01:53:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 8-Dec-2010 01:53:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097359029en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/48941-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 科技管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97359029zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 台灣企業早期主要是扮演協助國際品牌大廠生產代工的角色,隨著廠商不斷地累積本身能力,提升給予客戶的附加價值過程中,台灣企業也由以裝配技術為主的原廠委託製造(Original Equipment Manufacturing,OEM)轉變為具有設計能力的原廠委託設計製造(Original Design Manufacturing,ODM)。但是近年來,台灣的低成本優勢已逐漸被新興市場所取代,加上產業發展成熟後,毛利率持續下探,代工廠商就成為品牌商為了維持獲利而犧牲的對象。因此,產業升級的概念開始受到重視,其中由代工轉型升級至自有品牌一直是產官學界最關注的話題之一。
      過去國內文獻對於品牌經營的相關議題,已有多位專家學者投入研究,但在研究上大多著重品牌發展策略、關鍵成功因素等策略層面,或是品牌與績效之間的關係,亦或是對自有品牌關鍵成功因素之一的行銷通路建構,對於企業由OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的實務歷程之研究仍屬少數。因此本研究針對成功由OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的企業,探討其轉型過程中,建構行銷能力之動態歷程,讓研究成果可作為台灣產業未來欲投入自有品牌經營活動時的參考。
      本研究之研究問題有二:1.企業由OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的動機為何?2.企業由OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的過程中,如何發展出新的能力以適應新的環境?
      本研究的研究結論如下:
     1.企業從OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的動機主要在於永續經營與擺脫代工困境,背後的目的為欲提高事業附加價值,同時,企業考量轉型時機上會選在OEM/ODM業務還穩定發展時就先進行布局。
     2.企業轉型為OBM的過程中,其發展新能力方式的選擇會受到過去發展路徑與經營策略的影響,並且會透過內部的教育訓練與組織管理程序的設計來提升組織能力。
     3.企業從OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的過程中,會重視「發展新產品之能力」的培養,並且會指派人員負責發展與未來新產品有關的關鍵技術,以持續保有產品與技術上的競爭優勢。
     4.企業於轉型為OBM過程有關國際化經營的活動中,在發展新產品時會採「區域分工、共同開發」的做法,以提高目標消費者對新產品的接受程度。
     5.企業從OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的方式很多,以購併方式能夠快速取得品牌與通路,此時其購併目的的清楚與否,會是其購併能否成功的關鍵因素。
     6.企業從OEM/ODM轉型為OBM的過程中,其全球總部會扮演資源協調整合與績效評估的監督管理角色;對於購併取得的品牌或通路,會授權其在地經營團隊自主經營。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Taiwanese industrial firms in the early days played roles as facilitating manufacturers of OEM brands. As the manufacturers continued to accumulate their ability by enhancing the added-value they can provide to customers, they transferred from Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM) to Original Design Manufacturing (ODM). However, Taiwan has lost its low cost advantage to emerging markets recently. Also, brand owners edged contract manufacturers’ gross margin lower to maintain their profitability when the industry got matured. Hence, the concept of industrial upgrading began to receive attention, including the transformation from OEM to own brand which is the most concerned topic of government and academia.
      In the past, most researches related to brand management focus on strategic level such as brand development strategy and key success factors, relation between brand and performance, or marketing channel construction which is one of the key success factors to develop own brand. Only small number of study investigates the practical transformation process of industrial firms from OEM/ODM to OBM. Thus, this study majorly focuses on the dynamic constructing process of marketing capability of industrial firms which have transformed from OEM/ODM to OBM successfully and aims to investigate following questions: 1. What are the motivations of industrial firms which decided to transform from OEM/ODM to OBM? 2. How did these firms develop new capability to adapt environment during their transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM?
      The preliminary research findings include:
     1.The motivations of firms which have transformed from OEM/ODM to OBM are sustainable operation and to get rid of OEM dilemma. The purpose behind is to increase added-value of business. Meanwhile, the firm take transformation into consideration when the OEM/ODM business still operates stably.
     2.During transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM, the way firms develop new ability is affected by their past pathes and operating strategies. They advance organization capability through internal traning and organizational procedures design.
     3.During transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM, firms emphasize on cultivating “capability of developing new product”, and assign R&D team to take charge of developing critical technology related to future products to maintain their competitive advantage in product and technology.
     4.During transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM and among activities related to international operations, firms adopt a "regional division of labor and joint development" approach when developing new products, to increase target consumers’ acceptance to new products.
     5.Industrial irms can transform from OEM/ODM to OBM in many ways. Through merge and acquisition, firms can get brands and channels quickly. It is a key to merge and acquisition successfully if the purpose of the firm’s acquisition is clear.
     6.During transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM, firms’ global headquarters play a role of supervision and management, such as coordinating and integrating resources, also performing assessment; as for acquired brand or channels, local teams are fully authorized to operate in their own decisions.
en_US
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 第一章 緒論 1
     一、研究動機 1
     二、研究目的與問題 3
     三、研究流程 4
     四、論文架構 5
     第二章 文獻探討 6
     一、企業轉型 6
     (一) 企業轉型之定義 6
     (二) 企業轉型之類型 8
     (三) 企業轉型之動機 10
     (四) 小結 11
     二、代工與自有品牌 12
     (一) 代工議題(OEM/ODM) 12
     (二) 品牌相關議題(OBM) 13
     (三) 小結 18
     三、動態能力 18
     (一) 動態能力理論的發展背景 18
     (二) 動態能力之定義 22
     (三) 動態能力架構 24
     (四) 小結 28
     四、組織能力 29
     (一) 組織能力 29
     (二) 行銷能力 34
     (三) 小結 37
     五、本章小結 37
     第三章 研究方法 40
     一、研究架構 40
     二、研究方法 42
     三、資料蒐集 43
     (一) 初級資料與個案研究對象 43
     (二) 次級資料 45
     四、研究限制 46
     第四章 個案分析 47
     一、個案一 美利達工業 48
     (一) 公司簡介 48
     (二) 轉型動機 51
     (三) 原企業組織管理程序 52
     (四) 原企業專屬資產 53
     (五) 企業發展路徑 55
     (六) 新事業組織管理程序 58
     (七) 新事業專屬資產 63
     二、個案二 喬山健康科技 67
     (一) 公司簡介 67
     (二) 轉型動機 71
     (三) 原企業組織管理程序 71
     (四)原企業專屬資產 72
     (五) 企業發展路徑 73
     (六) 新事業組織管理程序 76
     (七) 新事業專屬資產 80
     三、個案三 成霖企業 84
     (一) 公司簡介 84
     (二) 轉型動機 88
     (三) 原企業組織管理程序 88
     (四) 原企業專屬資產 90
     (五) 企業發展路徑 92
     (六) 新事業組織管理程序 94
     (七) 新事業專屬資產 98
     四、個案彙整 102
     第五章 研究命題與討論 106
     一、轉型動機 106
     二、企業組織管理程序 108
     三、企業資產位置 123
     四、企業發展路徑 124
     第六章 研究結論與建議 129
     一、研究結論 129
     二、實務上的建議 131
     三、後續研究建議 133
     參考文獻 134
     附錄 141
-
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
      一、研究動機 1
      二、研究目的與問題 3
      三、研究流程 4
      四、論文架構 5
     第二章 文獻探討 6
      一、企業轉型 6
      (一) 企業轉型之定義 6
      (二) 企業轉型之類型 8
      (三) 企業轉型之動機 10
      (四) 小結 11
      二、代工與自有品牌 12
      (一) 代工議題(OEM/ODM) 12
      (二) 品牌相關議題(OBM) 13
      (三) 小結 18
      三、動態能力 18
      (一) 動態能力理論的發展背景 18
      (二) 動態能力之定義 22
      (三) 動態能力架構 24
      (四) 小結 28
      四、組織能力 29
      (一) 組織能力 29
      (二) 行銷能力 34
      (三) 小結 37
      五、本章小結 37
     第三章 研究方法 40
      一、研究架構 40
      二、研究方法 42
      三、資料蒐集 43
      (一) 初級資料與個案研究對象 43
      (二) 次級資料 45
      四、研究限制 46
     第四章 個案分析 47
      一、個案一 美利達工業 48
      (一) 公司簡介 48
      (二) 轉型動機 51
      (三) 原企業組織管理程序 52
      (四) 原企業專屬資產 53
      (五) 企業發展路徑 55
      (六) 新事業組織管理程序 58
      (七) 新事業專屬資產 63
      二、個案二 喬山健康科技 67
      (一) 公司簡介 67
      (二) 轉型動機 71
      (三) 原企業組織管理程序 71
      (四)原企業專屬資產 72
      (五) 企業發展路徑 73
      (六) 新事業組織管理程序 76
      (七) 新事業專屬資產 80
      三、個案三 成霖企業 84
      (一) 公司簡介 84
      (二) 轉型動機 88
      (三) 原企業組織管理程序 88
      (四) 原企業專屬資產 90
      (五) 企業發展路徑 92
      (六) 新事業組織管理程序 94
      (七) 新事業專屬資產 98
      四、個案彙整 102
     第五章 研究命題與討論 106
      一、轉型動機 106
      二、企業組織管理程序 108
      三、企業資產位置 123
      四、企業發展路徑 124
     第六章 研究結論與建議 129
      一、研究結論 129
      二、實務上的建議 131
      三、後續研究建議 133
     參考文獻 134
     附錄 141
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097359029en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自有品牌zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 轉型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 動態能力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 行銷能力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) OEMzh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) ODMzh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Own Branden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Transformationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Dynamic Capabilityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Marketing Capabilityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) OEMen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) ODMen_US
dc.title (題名) 從OEM/ODM到OBM的轉型之研究–動態能力的觀點zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Industrial firms` Transformation process from OEM/ODM to OBM: The perspective of dynamic capabilityen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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