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題名 外匯曝險對公司資本結構之影響
The Effect of Foreign Exchange Rate Exposure on Corporation`s Capital Structure
作者 蔡雅婷
貢獻者 姜堯民
Chiang,Yao Min
蔡雅婷
關鍵詞 外匯曝險
資本市場法
資本結構
Foreign exchange rate exposure
Capital Market Approach
Capital structure
日期 2009
上傳時間 8-Dec-2010 01:54:27 (UTC+8)
摘要   本研究旨在分析台灣上市公司外匯避險和資本結構策略的運用。本文利用資本市場法,作為外匯曝險衡量模型,並利用預期和非預期的匯率變動探討對企業價值的影響是否有顯著差異,本文以2007~2009年期間的月頻率資料,篩選摩根台灣指數基金(MSCI Taiwan Index Fund-March 09, 2010)成分股共108家台灣上市公司為樣本對象,並進一步利用所量化出的外匯曝險,應用至公司資本結構上,採平衡追蹤資料(balanced panel data)進行分析,探討外匯曝險與其他影響因子對公司資本結構的關係。
       而研究結果發現,在外匯曝險衡量方面,在2007~2009年間,不論是預期或非預期外匯變動下,負值的外匯曝險係數家數明顯超越正值的外匯曝險係數家數,此研究結果也符合了台灣為一個出口導向的經濟體,當台幣相對貶值時,使得出口較具競爭力,企業的營收增加。此外,從顯著的企業樣本來看,金融證券業占大多數,顯示出匯率變動對金融證券業的影響尤其嚴重。
       在資本結構上,本研究以營運風險、公司成立年數、抵押資產價值、自由現金流量、外匯風險、成長率、稅盾效果、獲利性和公司規模共九個因子作為影響資本結構的變數,在Panel data固定效果模型中,除了成長性和公司規模兩變數在1%顯著水準之下呈現正相關,其餘變數為顯著負相關。且該模型對公司資本結構的解釋能力相當高,Panel data固定效果模型調整後的R2為78.96%。
       最後,本研究將產業別列入考量變數之一,結果發現,電子業與非電子業在資本結構決定因素上有顯著差異,且顯示電子業公司的負債比率較低,符合現實情況下,電子業公司在有資金需求時,大多不選擇舉債而較常採取權益融資的方式。而電子業受到外匯曝險對資本結構的影響力並不顯著,表示外匯曝險對公司負債比率並不會因為產業別而有不同的影響力。
  This study examines the foreign exchange rate exposure and capital structure strategy for the Taiwan’s Corporations. The research sample is MSCI Taiwan Index Fund, and the sample period is 2007 to 2009. To see how foreign exchange rate exposure affects the value of corporations, this study uses Capital Market Approach to be the model. Moreover, this study uses balanced panel data to see how exchange rate exposure and other variables affect the strategy of capital structure.
       According to the result, the numbers of negative significant samples are greater than the numbers of positive significant samples no matter when measured in expected exchange rate exposure or in unexpected exchange rate exposure. This result can exactly explain that Taiwan is an export-dominated economy. When Taiwan dollar depreciates, which means corporations in Taiwan could improve export competitiveness, thus increasing profits. Moreover, this study found that exchange rate exposure has a greater impact especially on the finance and security industry.
       In the capital structure part, this study selects nine variables to see how they affect the capital structure, including business risk, age, collateral value of assets, free cash flows, foreign exchange risks , growth, non-debt tax shields, profitability and size. In panel data fixed effect model, growth and size are found to be positive significant in 99% confidence level; other variables are found to be negative significant. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination, R2 of this panel data fix effect regression model is 78.96%, which means the regression line has a high explanatory power to explain the capital structure.
參考文獻 中文文獻
王健聰(2009),「資本結構決定因素之實證研究-以越南上市公司為例」,國立高雄第一科技大學金融理財研究所碩士論文。
白淑芬(2006),「資本結構影響因素之實證研究-以臺灣上市公司為例」,成功大學企業管理學系碩士論文。
江立雯(2000),「資本結構的影響因素之研究-以台灣地區上市電子業為例」,中央大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
江來成(2005),「資本結構影響因素之研究-以台灣上市鋼鐵業為例」,銘傳大學管理學院高階經理碩士學程在職專班碩士論文。
施衍礽、高櫻芬(2002),「公司價值與匯率之間的關係:台灣上市公司之實證研究」, 風險管理學報,4, 19-45。
胡麗玲(1996),「多國際企業與國內企業資本結構決定因素之探討」,中國文化大學國際企業管理研究所碩士論文。
徐宗基(2006),「公司資本結構決定因素之實證-以台灣資訊電子業上市公司為例」,雲林科技大學財務金融系碩士論文
許光華(2009),「匯率曝險對企業價值影響-以電子產業為例」,朝陽科技大學財務金融系碩士論文。
陳怡妏(2009),「台灣上市公司外匯曝險之實證分析-東南亞金融風暴與環球性金融風暴之比較」,國立高雄第一科技大學財務管理所碩士論文。
陳靜芬(2003),「上市電子公司資本結構與產業分類關係之實證研究」,國立中央大學財務金融學系碩士在職專班碩士論文。
湯蕙霞(2003),「國內上市公司資本結構的長期調整」,銘傳大學經濟學系碩士論文。
董澍琦,楊聲勇,紀妤瑩(2002),「台灣多國籍企業外匯風險曝露之實證研究」,亞太經濟合作評論, 9, 36-49。
英文文獻
Akhtar, S. (2005). The Determinants of Capital Structure for Australian Multinational and Domestic Corporations. Australian Journal of Management, 30(2), 321-341.
Akhtar, S., and Oliver, B. (2009). Determinants of Capital Structure for Japanese Multinational and Domestic Corporations. International Review of Finance, 9(1-2), 1-26.
Alder, M., Dumas, B., and Simon, D. (1984). Exposure to Currency Risk: Definition and Measurement. Financial Management 13, 41-50.
Chkir, I. E., and Cosset, J.-C. (2001). Diversification strategy and capital structure of multinational corporations. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 11(1), 17-37.
Daves, P. R., Ehrhardt, M. C., and Kunkel, R. A. (2000). Estimating Systematic Risk: The Choice of Return Interval and Estimation Period. Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions, 13(1), 7-13.
Desai, M. A., Foley, C. F., and Hines, J. R. (2003). A Multinational Perspective on Capital Structure Choice and Internal Capital Markets. SSRN eLibrary.
Dominguez, K. M., and Tesar, L. L. (2001). Exchange Rate Exposure. SSRN eLibrary.
Dumas, B. (1978). The Theory of the Trading Firm Revisited. The Journal of Finance, 33(3), 1019-1030.
Frank, M. Z., and Goyal, V. K. (2003). Capital Structure Decisions. SSRN eLibrary.
He, J., & Ng, L. K. (1998). The Foreign Exchange Exposure of Japanese Multinational Corporations. The Journal of Finance, 53(2), 733-753.
Jensen, M. C., and Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360.
Jorion, P. (1990). The Exchange-Rate Exposure of U.S. Multinationals. The Journal of Business, 63(3), 331-345.
Kim W. S., and E. H. Sorensen(1986). Evidence on the Impact of the Agency Cost of Debt on Corporate Debt Policy. Journal of Finance and Quantitative Analysis, 21(2), 131-144.
Martin, A. D., and Mauer, L. (2001). Exchange Rate Exposures of U.S. Banks: A Cash Flow-Based Methodology. SSRN eLibrary.
Milton, H., and Raviv, A. (1991). The Theory of Capital Structure. The Journal of Finance, 46(1), 297-355.
Mittoo, U. R., and Zhang, Z. (2008). The Capital Structure of Multinational Corporations: Canadian Versus U.S. Evidence. Journal of Corporate Finance, 14(5), 706-720.
Modigliani, F., and Merton, H. M. (1958). The Cost of Capital, Corporation Finance and the Theory of Investment. The American Economic Review, 48(3), 261-297.
Modigliani, F., and Merton, H. M. (1963). Corporate Income Taxes and the Cost of Capital: A Correction. The American Economic Review, 53(3), 433-443.
Myers, S. C. (1984). Capital Structure Puzzle. SSRN eLibrary.
Pantzalis, C., Laux, P. A., and Simkins, B. J. (2000). Operational Hedges and the Foreign Exchange Exposure of U.S. Multinational Corporations. SSRN eLibrary.
Rajan, R. G., and Zingales, L. (1994). What Do We Know about Capital Structure? Some Evidence From International Data. SSRN eLibrary.
Ross, S. A. (1977). The Determination of Financial Structure: The Incentive-Signalling Approach. The Bell Journal of Economics, 8(1), 23-40.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財務管理研究所
97357029
98
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097357029
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 姜堯民zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chiang,Yao Minen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 蔡雅婷zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 蔡雅婷zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2009en_US
dc.date.accessioned 8-Dec-2010 01:54:27 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 8-Dec-2010 01:54:27 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 8-Dec-2010 01:54:27 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097357029en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/48970-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財務管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97357029zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)   本研究旨在分析台灣上市公司外匯避險和資本結構策略的運用。本文利用資本市場法,作為外匯曝險衡量模型,並利用預期和非預期的匯率變動探討對企業價值的影響是否有顯著差異,本文以2007~2009年期間的月頻率資料,篩選摩根台灣指數基金(MSCI Taiwan Index Fund-March 09, 2010)成分股共108家台灣上市公司為樣本對象,並進一步利用所量化出的外匯曝險,應用至公司資本結構上,採平衡追蹤資料(balanced panel data)進行分析,探討外匯曝險與其他影響因子對公司資本結構的關係。
       而研究結果發現,在外匯曝險衡量方面,在2007~2009年間,不論是預期或非預期外匯變動下,負值的外匯曝險係數家數明顯超越正值的外匯曝險係數家數,此研究結果也符合了台灣為一個出口導向的經濟體,當台幣相對貶值時,使得出口較具競爭力,企業的營收增加。此外,從顯著的企業樣本來看,金融證券業占大多數,顯示出匯率變動對金融證券業的影響尤其嚴重。
       在資本結構上,本研究以營運風險、公司成立年數、抵押資產價值、自由現金流量、外匯風險、成長率、稅盾效果、獲利性和公司規模共九個因子作為影響資本結構的變數,在Panel data固定效果模型中,除了成長性和公司規模兩變數在1%顯著水準之下呈現正相關,其餘變數為顯著負相關。且該模型對公司資本結構的解釋能力相當高,Panel data固定效果模型調整後的R2為78.96%。
       最後,本研究將產業別列入考量變數之一,結果發現,電子業與非電子業在資本結構決定因素上有顯著差異,且顯示電子業公司的負債比率較低,符合現實情況下,電子業公司在有資金需求時,大多不選擇舉債而較常採取權益融資的方式。而電子業受到外匯曝險對資本結構的影響力並不顯著,表示外匯曝險對公司負債比率並不會因為產業別而有不同的影響力。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)   This study examines the foreign exchange rate exposure and capital structure strategy for the Taiwan’s Corporations. The research sample is MSCI Taiwan Index Fund, and the sample period is 2007 to 2009. To see how foreign exchange rate exposure affects the value of corporations, this study uses Capital Market Approach to be the model. Moreover, this study uses balanced panel data to see how exchange rate exposure and other variables affect the strategy of capital structure.
       According to the result, the numbers of negative significant samples are greater than the numbers of positive significant samples no matter when measured in expected exchange rate exposure or in unexpected exchange rate exposure. This result can exactly explain that Taiwan is an export-dominated economy. When Taiwan dollar depreciates, which means corporations in Taiwan could improve export competitiveness, thus increasing profits. Moreover, this study found that exchange rate exposure has a greater impact especially on the finance and security industry.
       In the capital structure part, this study selects nine variables to see how they affect the capital structure, including business risk, age, collateral value of assets, free cash flows, foreign exchange risks , growth, non-debt tax shields, profitability and size. In panel data fixed effect model, growth and size are found to be positive significant in 99% confidence level; other variables are found to be negative significant. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination, R2 of this panel data fix effect regression model is 78.96%, which means the regression line has a high explanatory power to explain the capital structure.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、緒論                 1
      第一節、研究背景與動機          1
      第二節、研究目的             2
      第三節、論文架構與研究流程          3
     第二章、文獻探討             5
      第一節、外匯曝險的定義與型態        5
      第二節、外匯曝險的衡量         7
      第三節、資本結構理論           9
      第四節、資本結構影響因素之文獻實證研究 11
     第三章、研究假設與方法             15
      第一節、樣本資料來源             15
      第二節、變數定義             16
      第三節、研究方法與模型建立          22
     第四章、實證結果與分析          26
      第一節、預期與非預期外匯變動對企業價值的影響 26
      第二節、企業資本結構的影響因素     31
      第三節、資本結構的影響因素結果驗證     37
      第四節、產業別資本結構差異分析     40
     第五章、結論與建議             42
      第一節、研究結論             42
      第二節、後續研究建議             44
     參考文獻         45
     
     圖1-1 研究架構流程圖             4
     表2-1 國內外有關資本結構影響因素之實證結果匯整表14
     表3-1 樣本公司產業分布表         15
     表3-2 資本結構影響因素預期表         22
     表4-1 預期外匯變動下的外匯曝險相關值     29
     表4-2 非預期外匯變動下的外匯曝險相關值     29
     表4-3 外匯曝險顯著比例表         30
     表4-4 外匯曝險顯著企業列表         30
     表4-5 資本結構變數敘述統計         31
     表4-6 皮爾森相關性分析             33
     表4-7 多元迴歸結果(預期)          34
     表4-8 多元迴歸結果(非預期)          35
     表4-9 多元迴歸結果符號彙總表         37
     表4-10 產業別多元迴歸結果         40
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097357029en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外匯曝險zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資本市場法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資本結構zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Foreign exchange rate exposureen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Capital Market Approachen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Capital structureen_US
dc.title (題名) 外匯曝險對公司資本結構之影響zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Effect of Foreign Exchange Rate Exposure on Corporation`s Capital Structureen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王健聰(2009),「資本結構決定因素之實證研究-以越南上市公司為例」,國立高雄第一科技大學金融理財研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 白淑芬(2006),「資本結構影響因素之實證研究-以臺灣上市公司為例」,成功大學企業管理學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 江立雯(2000),「資本結構的影響因素之研究-以台灣地區上市電子業為例」,中央大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 江來成(2005),「資本結構影響因素之研究-以台灣上市鋼鐵業為例」,銘傳大學管理學院高階經理碩士學程在職專班碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 施衍礽、高櫻芬(2002),「公司價值與匯率之間的關係:台灣上市公司之實證研究」, 風險管理學報,4, 19-45。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 胡麗玲(1996),「多國際企業與國內企業資本結構決定因素之探討」,中國文化大學國際企業管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 徐宗基(2006),「公司資本結構決定因素之實證-以台灣資訊電子業上市公司為例」,雲林科技大學財務金融系碩士論文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 許光華(2009),「匯率曝險對企業價值影響-以電子產業為例」,朝陽科技大學財務金融系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳怡妏(2009),「台灣上市公司外匯曝險之實證分析-東南亞金融風暴與環球性金融風暴之比較」,國立高雄第一科技大學財務管理所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳靜芬(2003),「上市電子公司資本結構與產業分類關係之實證研究」,國立中央大學財務金融學系碩士在職專班碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 湯蕙霞(2003),「國內上市公司資本結構的長期調整」,銘傳大學經濟學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 董澍琦,楊聲勇,紀妤瑩(2002),「台灣多國籍企業外匯風險曝露之實證研究」,亞太經濟合作評論, 9, 36-49。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Akhtar, S. (2005). The Determinants of Capital Structure for Australian Multinational and Domestic Corporations. Australian Journal of Management, 30(2), 321-341.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Akhtar, S., and Oliver, B. (2009). Determinants of Capital Structure for Japanese Multinational and Domestic Corporations. International Review of Finance, 9(1-2), 1-26.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alder, M., Dumas, B., and Simon, D. (1984). Exposure to Currency Risk: Definition and Measurement. Financial Management 13, 41-50.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chkir, I. E., and Cosset, J.-C. (2001). Diversification strategy and capital structure of multinational corporations. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 11(1), 17-37.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Daves, P. R., Ehrhardt, M. C., and Kunkel, R. A. (2000). Estimating Systematic Risk: The Choice of Return Interval and Estimation Period. Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions, 13(1), 7-13.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Desai, M. A., Foley, C. F., and Hines, J. R. (2003). A Multinational Perspective on Capital Structure Choice and Internal Capital Markets. SSRN eLibrary.zh_TW
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