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題名 臺灣上市公司市場擇時理論之實證研究
The Empirical Evidences of Market Timing Theory on Taiwan Listed Company
作者 詹英汝
貢獻者 姜堯民
詹英汝
關鍵詞 資本結構
市場擇時
權益風險溢酬
capital structure
market timing
equity risk premium
日期 2009
上傳時間 8-Dec-2010 01:54:30 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究主要欲針對市場擇時理論進行實證研究,研究期間橫跨1990年至2008年,以台灣上市公司為研究樣本,主要欲探討兩大議題:第一部分驗證台灣上市公司是否會在權益資金成本相對較低時,進行外部權益融資,而使公司之槓桿下降;反之,觀察其是否會在權益資金成本相對較高時,進行負債融資,而使公司槓桿上升。研究方法參考Huang and Ritter(2009)之方法,使用剩餘收益模型估計權益資金成本,並以權益風險溢酬作為衡量市場擇時行為的代理變數,探討權益資金成本的大小是否會透過淨權益的發行而影響公司資本結構,並加入公司特徵變數與總體市況變數作為控制變數。實證結果顯示在公司有財務資金需求的前提下,公司的負債比例與權益風險溢酬之間存在正向的關係,此結果符合市場擇時理論之預期。第二部分討論過去依據資金成本之高低所進行的市場擇時融資行為是否會影響公司的資本結構。實證結果發現市場擇時行為對公司資本結構的影響力會在三年後消逝,對資本結構只具有短期的影響效果。
This paper examines market timing theory on Taiwan listed company during 1990-2008, and focus on two topics. In the first part, we want to test whether firms fund larger proportion of their financing deficit with external equity when cost of equity is relatively low. We refer to Huang and Ritter (2009), using residual income model to estimate the firm’s implied cost of equity, and let implied equity risk premium as a market timing proxy. Consistent with the market timing theory, the empirical evidences show that the effect of financing deficit on leverage is positively related to the implied equity risk premium. In the second part, we test whether the historical values of cost of equity have persistent impact on current capital structure. We find about three years impacts, indicating that past market timing financing behavior have short-term effects on firm’s capital structure.
參考文獻 王元章,辜儀芳,「資本結構的選擇、融資與負債清償規模」。
王春琇,1995,「資本結構決定因素之新證-最適資本結構與融資順位理論之比較」,國立中興大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
王耀輝,2003,「台灣股票上市公司市場時機與資本結構」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。
高誌謙,2001,「台灣新上市公司承銷價格與公司價值之研究-Ohlson模式之應用」,中原大學會計學系碩士論文。
陳品樺,2003,「台灣上市公司現金增資擇時之相關研究」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。
康峻維,2003,「初次公開發行後資本結構的實證研究分析—以台灣地區電子業與非電子業上市公司為例」,國立清華大學經濟學系研究所碩士論文。
許瑋庭,2008,「市場擇時與融資工具的選擇」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。
鄭博文,2003,「市場擇時與資本結構」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。
劉維琪,李怡宗,1993,「近代資本結構理論的綜合探討」,企銀季刊,第17卷,第一期,p.1-p.26。
劉維琪,李怡宗,1993,「融資順位理論之調查研究」,管理評論第 12卷, 119-143。
張南寧,2003,「台灣地區上市公司資本結構之實證研究」,長庚大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
蕭雯華,2004,「靜態抵換理論與融資順位理論之研究-高科技與傳統產業之比較與兩稅合一之影響」,國立中央大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
Alti, A., 2006, "How Persistent Is the Impact of Market Timing on Capital Structure? ", Journal of Finance 61, 1681-1710.
Asquith, P. and Mullins, D.W., 1986, "Equity Issues and Offering Dilution", Journal of Financial Economics 15, 61-89.
Baker, M., and Wurgler, J., 2002, "Market Timing and Capital Structure", Journal of Finance 57, 1–32
Bardley, M., Jarrell, G..A., and Kim, E.H., 1984, "On the Existence of An Optimal Capital Structure: Theory and Evidence", Journal of Finance 39, 857-878.
Barton, S.L. and Gordon, P.J., 1987, "Corporate Strategy and Capital Structure", Strategic Management Journal 9, 623-632.
Baskin, J., 1989, "An Empirical Investigation of the Pecking Order Hypothesis", Financial Management 18, 26-35.
Brigham, T.A., Meier, S.M., and Goodner, V., 1995, "Increasing Designated Driving with a Program of Prompts and Incentives", Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 28, 83-84.
Byoun, S., 2007, "Financial Flexibility, Leverage, and Firm Size", Hankamer School of Business, Baylor University.
Campello, M., 2003, "Capital Structure and Product Markets Interactions: Evidence from Business Cycles”, Journal of Financial Economics 68, 353-378.
Diamond, D.W., 1991 "The Choice between Bank Loans and Directly Placed Debt", Journal of Political Economy 99, 689-721.
Elliott, W.B., Koëter-Kant, J., and Warr, R.S., 2007, "A Valuation-Based Test of Market Timing", Journal of Corporate Finance 13, 112-128.
Frank, M.Z., Goyal, V.K., 2003, "Testing the Pecking Order Theory of Capital Structure", Journal of Financial Economics 67, 217-248.
Gebhardt, W.R., Lee, C.M.C, Swaminathan, B, 2001, "Toward an Implied Cost of Capital", Journal of Accounting Research 39, 135-174.
Fama, E. and French, K., 2002, "Testing Trade-Off and Pecking Order Predictions about Dividends and Debt ", Review of Financial Studies 15, 1-34.
Graham, J.R., and Harvey, C.R., 2001, "The Theory and Practice of Corporate F inance: Evidence from the Field", Journal of Financial Economics 60, 187–243.
Graham, J.R., Lemmon, M.L., and Schallheim, J.S., 1998, "Debt, Leases, Taxes, and the Endogeneity of Corporate Tax Status ", Journal of Financial 53, 131–162.
Hovakimian, A., Opler, T., and Titman, T., 2001, "The Debt-Equity Choice", Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 36, 1-24.
Huang, R. and Ritter, J.R., 2009, "Testing the Market Timing Theory of Capital Structure", Journal of Financial and Quantitative 44, 237-271.
Huynh, K.P., Petrunia, R.J., 2010, “Age Effects, Leverage and Firm Growth”, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 34,1003-1013.
Ikenberry, D., Lakonishok, J., Vermaelen, T., 1995, "Market Underreaction to Open Market Share ", Journal of Financial Economics 39, 181-208.
Jensen, M.C., 1986, “Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers”, The American Economic Review 76, 323-329.
Jensen, G.R, Solberg, D.P., and Zorn, T.S, 1992, "Simultaneous Determination of Insider Ownership, Debt, and Dividend Policies", Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 27, 247-263
Johnson, S.A., 1997, “An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of Corporate Debt Ownership Structure”. The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 32, 47-69.
Jung, K., Kim, Y.C., and Stulz, R.M., 1996, "Timing, Investment Opportunities, Managerial Discretion, and Security Issue Decision", Journal of Financial Economics 42, 159-185.
Kayhan, A., Titman, S., 2007, “Firms’ Histories and Their Capital Structures”, Journal of Financial Economics 83, 1-32.
Korajczyk, R.A., Lucas, D.J., and McDonald, R.L., 1991, "The Effect of Information Releases on the Pricing and Timing of Equity Issues", Review of Financial Studies 4, 685-708.
Kothari, S.P. and Shanken, J., 1997, "Book-to-Market, Dividend Yield and Expected Market Returns: A Time Series Analysis", Journal of Financial Economics 44, 169–203.
Lee, C.M., Myers, J. and Swaminathan, B., 1999, "What Is the Intrinsic Value of the Dow?", Journal of Finance 54, 1693-1741.
Loughram, T., Ritter, J.R., Rydqvist, K., 1994, "Initial Public Offerings: International Insights", Pacific-Basin Finance Journal 2, 165-199.
Marsh, P., 1982, "The Choice Between Equity and Debt: An Empirical Study", Journal of Finance 37, 121-144.
Myers, S.C. and. Majluf, N., 1984, "Corporate Financing and Investing Decisions When Firms Have Information That Investors Do Not Have", Journal of Financial Economics 13, 187-222.
Pagano, M., Panetta, F., and Zingales, L., 1998, "Why Do Companies Go Public? An Empirical Analysis", Journal of Finance 53, 27-64.
Pinegar, J.M, Willbricht, L., 1989, “What Managers Think of Capital Structure Theory: A Survey”.
Rajan, R.G. and Zingales, L., 1995, "What Do We Know about Capital Structure: Some Evidence from International Data?", Journal of Finance 50, 1421-1460.
Rhodes-Kropf, M., Robinson, D.T., and Viswanathan, S., 2005, "Valuation Waves and Merger Activity: the Empirical Evidence", Journal of Financial Economics 77, 561-603.
Shyam-Sunder, L. and Myers, S.C., 1999, "Testing Static Trade Off Against PeckingOrder Models of Capital Structure", Journal of Financial Economics 51, 219-244.
Taggart, R.A., 1977, "A Model of Corporate Financing Decisions", Journal of Finance 32, 1467-1484.
Titman, S., Wessels, R., 1988, "The Determinants of Capital Structure Choice", Journal of Finance 43, 1-19.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財務管理研究所
97357033
98
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097357033
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 姜堯民zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 詹英汝zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 詹英汝zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2009en_US
dc.date.accessioned 8-Dec-2010 01:54:30 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 8-Dec-2010 01:54:30 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 8-Dec-2010 01:54:30 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097357033en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/48974-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財務管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97357033zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究主要欲針對市場擇時理論進行實證研究,研究期間橫跨1990年至2008年,以台灣上市公司為研究樣本,主要欲探討兩大議題:第一部分驗證台灣上市公司是否會在權益資金成本相對較低時,進行外部權益融資,而使公司之槓桿下降;反之,觀察其是否會在權益資金成本相對較高時,進行負債融資,而使公司槓桿上升。研究方法參考Huang and Ritter(2009)之方法,使用剩餘收益模型估計權益資金成本,並以權益風險溢酬作為衡量市場擇時行為的代理變數,探討權益資金成本的大小是否會透過淨權益的發行而影響公司資本結構,並加入公司特徵變數與總體市況變數作為控制變數。實證結果顯示在公司有財務資金需求的前提下,公司的負債比例與權益風險溢酬之間存在正向的關係,此結果符合市場擇時理論之預期。第二部分討論過去依據資金成本之高低所進行的市場擇時融資行為是否會影響公司的資本結構。實證結果發現市場擇時行為對公司資本結構的影響力會在三年後消逝,對資本結構只具有短期的影響效果。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This paper examines market timing theory on Taiwan listed company during 1990-2008, and focus on two topics. In the first part, we want to test whether firms fund larger proportion of their financing deficit with external equity when cost of equity is relatively low. We refer to Huang and Ritter (2009), using residual income model to estimate the firm’s implied cost of equity, and let implied equity risk premium as a market timing proxy. Consistent with the market timing theory, the empirical evidences show that the effect of financing deficit on leverage is positively related to the implied equity risk premium. In the second part, we test whether the historical values of cost of equity have persistent impact on current capital structure. We find about three years impacts, indicating that past market timing financing behavior have short-term effects on firm’s capital structure.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論...............................................1
第一節 研究背景與動機......................................1
第二節 研究目的............................................5
第三節 研究流程............................................5
第二章 文獻探討............................................8
第一節 資本結構相關理論....................................8
第二節 市場擇時相關研究...................................12
第三章 研究方法...........................................21
第一節 研究架構...........................................21
第二節 研究假說...........................................21
第三節 資料描述與樣本選取.................................24
第四節 研究變數定義......................................26
第五節 研究方法與模型 .................................33
第四章 實證結果與分析.....................................39
第一節 敘述性統計資料分析..................................39
第二節 融資順位理論模型之測試..............................42
第三節 權益資金成本對資本結構的影響.........................48
第四節 市場擇時行為對資本結構的持續效果分析..................57
第五章 結論與建議.........................................64
第一節 研究結論...........................................64
第二節 研究限制與建議.....................................66
參考文獻..................................................68
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097357033en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資本結構zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 市場擇時zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 權益風險溢酬zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) capital structureen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) market timingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) equity risk premiumen_US
dc.title (題名) 臺灣上市公司市場擇時理論之實證研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Empirical Evidences of Market Timing Theory on Taiwan Listed Companyen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王元章,辜儀芳,「資本結構的選擇、融資與負債清償規模」。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王春琇,1995,「資本結構決定因素之新證-最適資本結構與融資順位理論之比較」,國立中興大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王耀輝,2003,「台灣股票上市公司市場時機與資本結構」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 高誌謙,2001,「台灣新上市公司承銷價格與公司價值之研究-Ohlson模式之應用」,中原大學會計學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳品樺,2003,「台灣上市公司現金增資擇時之相關研究」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 康峻維,2003,「初次公開發行後資本結構的實證研究分析—以台灣地區電子業與非電子業上市公司為例」,國立清華大學經濟學系研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 許瑋庭,2008,「市場擇時與融資工具的選擇」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 鄭博文,2003,「市場擇時與資本結構」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 劉維琪,李怡宗,1993,「近代資本結構理論的綜合探討」,企銀季刊,第17卷,第一期,p.1-p.26。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 劉維琪,李怡宗,1993,「融資順位理論之調查研究」,管理評論第 12卷, 119-143。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張南寧,2003,「台灣地區上市公司資本結構之實證研究」,長庚大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蕭雯華,2004,「靜態抵換理論與融資順位理論之研究-高科技與傳統產業之比較與兩稅合一之影響」,國立中央大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alti, A., 2006, "How Persistent Is the Impact of Market Timing on Capital Structure? ", Journal of Finance 61, 1681-1710.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Asquith, P. and Mullins, D.W., 1986, "Equity Issues and Offering Dilution", Journal of Financial Economics 15, 61-89.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Baker, M., and Wurgler, J., 2002, "Market Timing and Capital Structure", Journal of Finance 57, 1–32zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bardley, M., Jarrell, G..A., and Kim, E.H., 1984, "On the Existence of An Optimal Capital Structure: Theory and Evidence", Journal of Finance 39, 857-878.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Barton, S.L. and Gordon, P.J., 1987, "Corporate Strategy and Capital Structure", Strategic Management Journal 9, 623-632.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Baskin, J., 1989, "An Empirical Investigation of the Pecking Order Hypothesis", Financial Management 18, 26-35.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brigham, T.A., Meier, S.M., and Goodner, V., 1995, "Increasing Designated Driving with a Program of Prompts and Incentives", Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 28, 83-84.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Byoun, S., 2007, "Financial Flexibility, Leverage, and Firm Size", Hankamer School of Business, Baylor University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Campello, M., 2003, "Capital Structure and Product Markets Interactions: Evidence from Business Cycles”, Journal of Financial Economics 68, 353-378.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Diamond, D.W., 1991 "The Choice between Bank Loans and Directly Placed Debt", Journal of Political Economy 99, 689-721.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Elliott, W.B., Koëter-Kant, J., and Warr, R.S., 2007, "A Valuation-Based Test of Market Timing", Journal of Corporate Finance 13, 112-128.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Frank, M.Z., Goyal, V.K., 2003, "Testing the Pecking Order Theory of Capital Structure", Journal of Financial Economics 67, 217-248.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gebhardt, W.R., Lee, C.M.C, Swaminathan, B, 2001, "Toward an Implied Cost of Capital", Journal of Accounting Research 39, 135-174.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fama, E. and French, K., 2002, "Testing Trade-Off and Pecking Order Predictions about Dividends and Debt ", Review of Financial Studies 15, 1-34.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Graham, J.R., and Harvey, C.R., 2001, "The Theory and Practice of Corporate F inance: Evidence from the Field", Journal of Financial Economics 60, 187–243.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Graham, J.R., Lemmon, M.L., and Schallheim, J.S., 1998, "Debt, Leases, Taxes, and the Endogeneity of Corporate Tax Status ", Journal of Financial 53, 131–162.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hovakimian, A., Opler, T., and Titman, T., 2001, "The Debt-Equity Choice", Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 36, 1-24.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, R. and Ritter, J.R., 2009, "Testing the Market Timing Theory of Capital Structure", Journal of Financial and Quantitative 44, 237-271.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huynh, K.P., Petrunia, R.J., 2010, “Age Effects, Leverage and Firm Growth”, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 34,1003-1013.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ikenberry, D., Lakonishok, J., Vermaelen, T., 1995, "Market Underreaction to Open Market Share ", Journal of Financial Economics 39, 181-208.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jensen, M.C., 1986, “Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers”, The American Economic Review 76, 323-329.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jensen, G.R, Solberg, D.P., and Zorn, T.S, 1992, "Simultaneous Determination of Insider Ownership, Debt, and Dividend Policies", Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 27, 247-263zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Johnson, S.A., 1997, “An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of Corporate Debt Ownership Structure”. The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 32, 47-69.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jung, K., Kim, Y.C., and Stulz, R.M., 1996, "Timing, Investment Opportunities, Managerial Discretion, and Security Issue Decision", Journal of Financial Economics 42, 159-185.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kayhan, A., Titman, S., 2007, “Firms’ Histories and Their Capital Structures”, Journal of Financial Economics 83, 1-32.zh_TW
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