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題名 教育背景對工作起薪之影響
The Impact of Educational Background on Starting Wage
作者 盧誌瑋
貢獻者 吳文傑
盧誌瑋
關鍵詞 學歷
教育背景
起薪
日期 2009
上傳時間 8-Dec-2010 02:02:31 (UTC+8)
摘要 隨著社會環境變遷、經濟發展趨勢、以及世界各國普遍擴充高等教育的影響之下,台灣在近年來亦逐漸開放大專校院之設立,使得國內大專校院的校數驟增,在高等教育的不斷擴充下,使得文憑的優勢逐漸減弱,高教浮濫、文憑貶值的現象是現今我們不得不面對的窘境。
      透過華人家庭動態研究計畫第5年計畫(RI 2003)的主樣本問卷資料進行研究分析,以Mincer標準薪資模型為主要架構,並利用Ordinary Least Squares進行估計與分析,觀察不同的教育程度下和同樣擁有學士學歷的前提下以及其背景是如何影響畢業者的起薪水準,徹底探討學校教育與勞力市場銜接的問題,希望據此能提供執政當局從經濟的角度去檢視現行的教育政策並進而調整大專校院教育資源的最適配置。
      所得出之結論為:起薪的確隨著教育程度的高低而增減,男性的起薪明顯的高於女性,有過打工經驗對於起薪有正向的影響;就讀於普通大學、公立學校、日間部,很顯著的對於起薪有正面的效益;相對於買賣業,生產業的起薪水準是較低的,而服務業的起薪水準最高;在公部門工作的起薪顯著高於私部門;父母的教育程度和從業身分對於子女的起薪並無相當直接的關係。
      所以政府應該重視經濟的大環境對於職場新鮮人起薪的影響,並確保大學教育對人力資本的提升產生實質的助益。而身為學生應該不斷努力提高自身的能力和素質,加強其他的專業能力或特殊專長來增加人力資本,提升自我的競爭力,學生及學校的質應比量更為重要。教育制度應培養適合知識經濟時代需求的人才,同時透過技能訓練,提升勞動力的素質及專業知識。
參考文獻 田弘華 (2008)「高等教育擴張與大學畢業生薪資的影響因素」,台灣高等教育研究電子報,24。
李燕美 (2008)「大學畢業生的心事與薪事」,台灣高等教育研究電子報,18。
岳昌君、文東茅、丁小浩 (2004)「從求職和起薪看高校畢業生的就業競爭壓力-基於調查數據的實證分析」,北大教育經濟研究,2(2)。
游邱怡、林大森 (2008)「影響職場新鮮人職業地位、薪資取得因素之初探」,台灣高等教育研究電子報,26。
路萬忠 (2008)「我國大學畢業生一次性就業與起薪研究」,中國青年研究,2008(1),90-92。
劉正 (1999)「學校教育在台灣勞動市場的重要性:人力資本或文憑主羲?(上)」,教育社會學通訊,17,3-9。
劉正 (1999)「學校教育在台灣勞動市場的重要性:人力資本或文憑主羲?(下)」,教育社會學通訊,18,9-17。
Arrow K.J. (1973). “ Higher Education as a Filter.” Journal of Public Economics, 2(3),193-216.
Barron J.M., Black D.A. and Loewenstein M.A. (1993). “Gender differences in Training, Capital, and Wages.” The Journal of Human Resources, 28(2), 343-364.
Becker, G. S. (1964). Human Capital. New York:National Bureau of Economic Research.
Blaug M. (1972). “ The Correlation Between Education and Earnings:What Does it Signify?” Higher Education, 1(1), 53-76.
Blaug M. (1976). “The Empirical Status of Human Capital Theory:A Slightly Jaundiced Survey.” Journal of Economic Literature, 14(3), 827-855.
Brown C.J., Pagan J.A. and Rodriguez-Oreggia E. (1999). “Occupational Attainment and Gender Earnings Differentials in Mexico.” Industrial and Labor Relations, 53(1), 123-235.
Duncan G.J. and Hoffman S.D. (1981). “ The Incidence and Wage Effects of Overeducation.” Eeonomics of Education Review, 1(1), 75-86.
Gindling T. H., M. Goldfarb and C.-C. Chang (1995). “Changing Returns to Education in Taiwan:1978-1991.” World Development, 23(2), 343-356.
Mincer J. (1958). “ Investment in Human Capital and Personal Income Distribution.” The Journal of Political Economy, 66(4), 281-302.
Mincer J. (1962). “ On-the-Job Training:Costs, Returns, and Some Implication.” Journal of Political Economy, 70(5), 50-79.
Mincer J. (1970). “ The Distribution of Labor Incomes A Survey With Special Reference to the Human Capital Approach.” Journal of Economic Literature, 8(1), 1-26.
Mincer J. (1974). Schooling, Experience, and Earnings. New York:Columbia University Press.
Psacharopoulos, G. (1985). “Return to Education: A Further International Update and Implications.” Journal of Human Resources, 20(4), 583-604.
Rumberger R.W. (1987). “ The Impact of Surplus Schooling on Productivity and Earnings.” Journal of Human Resources, 33(4), 866-895.
Schone P. (2001). “Analysing the Effect of Training on Wages-Using Combined Survey-Register Data.” International Journal of Manpower, 22(1/2), 138-158.
Schone P. (2004). “Why is the Return to Training So High?” LABOUR, 18(3), 363-378.
Schultz T.W. (1961). “ Investment in Human Capital.” The American Economic Review, 51(1), 1-17.
Smith A. (1776). An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Oxford:Clarendon press.
Spence M. (1973). “ Job market signaling.” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355-374.
Stiglitz J. (1975). “The Theory of "Screening," Education, and the Distribution of Income.” The American Economic Review, 65(3), 283-300.
Verdugo R. and N. Verdugo (1989). ” The Impact of Surplus Schooling on Earnings:Some Additional Finding.” The Journal of Human Resources, 24(4), 629-643.
Woodhall M. (1987). “Earnings and education.” In G. Psacharopoulos(ed.) Economics of Education: Research and Studies. Oxford:Pergamon Press.209–217.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財政研究所
97255019
98
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097255019
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 吳文傑zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 盧誌瑋zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 盧誌瑋zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2009en_US
dc.date.accessioned 8-Dec-2010 02:02:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 8-Dec-2010 02:02:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 8-Dec-2010 02:02:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097255019en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/49236-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財政研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97255019zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨著社會環境變遷、經濟發展趨勢、以及世界各國普遍擴充高等教育的影響之下,台灣在近年來亦逐漸開放大專校院之設立,使得國內大專校院的校數驟增,在高等教育的不斷擴充下,使得文憑的優勢逐漸減弱,高教浮濫、文憑貶值的現象是現今我們不得不面對的窘境。
      透過華人家庭動態研究計畫第5年計畫(RI 2003)的主樣本問卷資料進行研究分析,以Mincer標準薪資模型為主要架構,並利用Ordinary Least Squares進行估計與分析,觀察不同的教育程度下和同樣擁有學士學歷的前提下以及其背景是如何影響畢業者的起薪水準,徹底探討學校教育與勞力市場銜接的問題,希望據此能提供執政當局從經濟的角度去檢視現行的教育政策並進而調整大專校院教育資源的最適配置。
      所得出之結論為:起薪的確隨著教育程度的高低而增減,男性的起薪明顯的高於女性,有過打工經驗對於起薪有正向的影響;就讀於普通大學、公立學校、日間部,很顯著的對於起薪有正面的效益;相對於買賣業,生產業的起薪水準是較低的,而服務業的起薪水準最高;在公部門工作的起薪顯著高於私部門;父母的教育程度和從業身分對於子女的起薪並無相當直接的關係。
      所以政府應該重視經濟的大環境對於職場新鮮人起薪的影響,並確保大學教育對人力資本的提升產生實質的助益。而身為學生應該不斷努力提高自身的能力和素質,加強其他的專業能力或特殊專長來增加人力資本,提升自我的競爭力,學生及學校的質應比量更為重要。教育制度應培養適合知識經濟時代需求的人才,同時透過技能訓練,提升勞動力的素質及專業知識。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 謝辭.................................................................................................................................I
     摘要...............................................................................................................................II
     目錄..............................................................................................................................III
     圖表目錄.......................................................................................................................V
     第一章 緒論..................................................................................................................1
     第一節 研究背景、動機與目的............................................................................1
     第二節 研究方法與限制......................................................................................6
     第三節 研究架構..................................................................................................7
     第二章 文獻回顧........................................................................................................10
     第一節 理論文獻................................................................................................10
     第二節 實證文獻................................................................................................13
     第三章 實證模型........................................................................................................18
     第四章 研究資料說明、資料限制與敘述統計..........................................................27
     第一節 研究資料來源說明與限制....................................................................27
     第二節 各變數之定義及說明............................................................................29
     第三節 各變數之預期符號................................................................................34
     第四節 敘述統計................................................................................................45
     第五章 實證結果分析................................................................................................49
     第一節 不同教育程度下之模型實證結果........................................................49
     第二節 同樣擁有學士學歷下之模型實證結果................................................53
     第六章 結論與建議....................................................................................................61
     第一節 結論........................................................................................................61
     第二節 建議........................................................................................................63
     參考文獻......................................................................................................................65
      中文部分..............................................................................................................65
      英文部分..............................................................................................................66
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097255019en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 學歷zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 教育背景zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 起薪zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 教育背景對工作起薪之影響zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Impact of Educational Background on Starting Wageen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 田弘華 (2008)「高等教育擴張與大學畢業生薪資的影響因素」,台灣高等教育研究電子報,24。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 李燕美 (2008)「大學畢業生的心事與薪事」,台灣高等教育研究電子報,18。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 岳昌君、文東茅、丁小浩 (2004)「從求職和起薪看高校畢業生的就業競爭壓力-基於調查數據的實證分析」,北大教育經濟研究,2(2)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 游邱怡、林大森 (2008)「影響職場新鮮人職業地位、薪資取得因素之初探」,台灣高等教育研究電子報,26。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 路萬忠 (2008)「我國大學畢業生一次性就業與起薪研究」,中國青年研究,2008(1),90-92。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 劉正 (1999)「學校教育在台灣勞動市場的重要性:人力資本或文憑主羲?(上)」,教育社會學通訊,17,3-9。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 劉正 (1999)「學校教育在台灣勞動市場的重要性:人力資本或文憑主羲?(下)」,教育社會學通訊,18,9-17。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Arrow K.J. (1973). “ Higher Education as a Filter.” Journal of Public Economics, 2(3),193-216.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Barron J.M., Black D.A. and Loewenstein M.A. (1993). “Gender differences in Training, Capital, and Wages.” The Journal of Human Resources, 28(2), 343-364.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Becker, G. S. (1964). Human Capital. New York:National Bureau of Economic Research.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blaug M. (1972). “ The Correlation Between Education and Earnings:What Does it Signify?” Higher Education, 1(1), 53-76.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blaug M. (1976). “The Empirical Status of Human Capital Theory:A Slightly Jaundiced Survey.” Journal of Economic Literature, 14(3), 827-855.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brown C.J., Pagan J.A. and Rodriguez-Oreggia E. (1999). “Occupational Attainment and Gender Earnings Differentials in Mexico.” Industrial and Labor Relations, 53(1), 123-235.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Duncan G.J. and Hoffman S.D. (1981). “ The Incidence and Wage Effects of Overeducation.” Eeonomics of Education Review, 1(1), 75-86.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gindling T. H., M. Goldfarb and C.-C. Chang (1995). “Changing Returns to Education in Taiwan:1978-1991.” World Development, 23(2), 343-356.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mincer J. (1958). “ Investment in Human Capital and Personal Income Distribution.” The Journal of Political Economy, 66(4), 281-302.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mincer J. (1962). “ On-the-Job Training:Costs, Returns, and Some Implication.” Journal of Political Economy, 70(5), 50-79.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mincer J. (1970). “ The Distribution of Labor Incomes A Survey With Special Reference to the Human Capital Approach.” Journal of Economic Literature, 8(1), 1-26.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mincer J. (1974). Schooling, Experience, and Earnings. New York:Columbia University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Psacharopoulos, G. (1985). “Return to Education: A Further International Update and Implications.” Journal of Human Resources, 20(4), 583-604.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rumberger R.W. (1987). “ The Impact of Surplus Schooling on Productivity and Earnings.” Journal of Human Resources, 33(4), 866-895.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Schone P. (2001). “Analysing the Effect of Training on Wages-Using Combined Survey-Register Data.” International Journal of Manpower, 22(1/2), 138-158.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Schone P. (2004). “Why is the Return to Training So High?” LABOUR, 18(3), 363-378.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Schultz T.W. (1961). “ Investment in Human Capital.” The American Economic Review, 51(1), 1-17.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Smith A. (1776). An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Oxford:Clarendon press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Spence M. (1973). “ Job market signaling.” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355-374.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stiglitz J. (1975). “The Theory of "Screening," Education, and the Distribution of Income.” The American Economic Review, 65(3), 283-300.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Verdugo R. and N. Verdugo (1989). ” The Impact of Surplus Schooling on Earnings:Some Additional Finding.” The Journal of Human Resources, 24(4), 629-643.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Woodhall M. (1987). “Earnings and education.” In G. Psacharopoulos(ed.) Economics of Education: Research and Studies. Oxford:Pergamon Press.209–217.zh_TW