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題名 從官僚行政到公共治理:一個社會學的考察
From bureaucracy administration to public governance: a sociological perspective
作者 吳宗霖
Wu, Zong Lin
貢獻者 顧忠華
Ku, Chung Hua
吳宗霖
Wu, Zong Lin
關鍵詞 官僚制
公民社會
治理
第三部門
行政體系社會化
日期 2010
上傳時間 9-Dec-2010 14:43:10 (UTC+8)
摘要 當代的治理論述若持續侷限在以行政觀點為主軸的治理論述中,將會是對落實善治理想的不利條件與危機來源。但這並不表示治理就是一個不值得被討論的概念,事實上,現行治理理論的價值在於,它補充了韋伯官僚制論述中較被忽略的公民社會力量的部份。
在韋伯的理想政治運作計畫中,只有議會或是民選政治家具有可以同時和官僚以及公民社會溝通的機會,也只有民選政治家擁有政治溝通的權力與責任,而官僚及其管理對象,也就是公民社會之間的交流則不成為韋伯考量的重點。也因為此點,韋伯的官僚制論述被後來的行政理論詮釋成為政治與行政截然二分的論點,產生了傳統官僚制的弊病。
在治理的觀點中,政治代表的是一個社群對於未來方向的集體決定過程,政治的責任不應該有任何一個實際的參與者能夠卸下,無論是官僚體系內的公務人員或是民間社會中的平民百姓。治理理論擴大了自韋伯以降的精英民主論觀點,政治不再是精英的意志能否貫徹的問題,而是如何在當代多元化社會場景的實況下,完成各方力量的整合協調出一致對策,這點可以從治理理論非常重視第三部門在公共政策形成過程中扮演的角色中得到驗證。
盱衡當前台灣政治社會,民間社會力除了必須突破過去威權統治所遺留的枷鎖,還必須主動給予官僚制指引與監督,將行政體系予以社會化,為行政與社會透過第三部門互動的機制找到其正當性的來源。
Abstract
It will be crises to make a society step into the “good governance” stage if the modern governance theory still confined in the public administration theoretical perspective. But it doesn’t means the modern governance theory is valueless to be discussed. In fact, the modern governance theory stressed on the role of civil society in the governance situation, and which was ignored by Max Weber’s bureaucracy theory.
In Weber’s opinion, only the member of parliament could have the chance to communicate with the civil society and bureaucracy, and only the member of parliament have the power to take the responsibility of political communication. Later the public administration theory interpreted Weber’s viewpoint as “the separation of politics and administration theory” and made the traditional bureaucracy become a trouble maker.
In the viewpoint of governance theory, what politics represents will be a community for the future direction of the collective decision-making process, no one should not unload the political responsibility actual, whether public servants within the bureaucracy or in civil society civilians. The governance theory expanded the elite democracy theory, the problematics of politics is no longer the question how political elite will carry out their wills, but how to integrate the pluralistic political ideology into one coordinated consensus. This may take the Third Sector from the governanace theory to obtain the confirmation in the role which in the community policy forming process acts.
Looking at the current Taiwan`s political society, civil society must break the force in addition to the legacy of past authoritarian rule chains, but also must take the initiative to give guidance and supervision of bureaucracy, then the administrative system will be socialized, as administrative and social interaction through the mechanism of the Third Sector to find its source of legitimacy
參考文獻 一、 外文資料
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1991 「A Public Management for All Seasons?」 Public Administration, 69(1): 3-19.
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Kooiman, Jan (ed.)
1993 Modern Governance. London: SAGE.
Moore, David W.
2002 「The Myth and Mythology of Trust in Government.」 Public Perspective, January/February.
Moore, Mark H.
1995 Creating Public Value: Strategic Management in Government. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Osborne, D. and T. Gaebler
1992 Reinventing Government: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit Is Transforming the Public Sector. New York: Addison-Wesley.
Perri 6
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Peters, G. and D. J. Savoie (eds.)
1995 Governance in A Changing Environment. Montreal, Canada: Canadian Center for Management Development.
Rhodes, R. A. W.
1996 「The New Governance: Governing without Government」. Political Studies, 44(4), pp.652-667.
Rosenbloom, D. H., R. S. Kravchuk & D. G. Rosenbloom
2002 Public Administration: Understanding Management, Politics, and Law in the Public Sector (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Schneider, M., P. Teske & M. Mintrom
1995 Public Entrepreneurs: Agents for Change in American Government. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Stillman II, Richard J.
1995 「The Refounding Movement in American Public Administration: From 『Rabid』 Anti-Statism to 『Mere』 Anti-Statism in the 1990s」, Administrative Theory & Praxis, 17(1): 29-45.
二、 翻譯資料
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1983 《社會學的導引-人文取向的透視》,劉雅靈、黃樹仁譯,台北:巨流。
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2001 《現代社會中的科層制》,上海:學林出版社。
de Senarclens, Pierre
1999 《治理與國際調節機制的危機》。收於俞可平編《治理與善治》。北京:社會科學文獻出版社。p.238-262。
de Tocqueville, Alexis
2005 《民主在美國》,秦修明、湯新楣、李宜培譯,台北:左岸文化。
Freund, Julien
1991 〈韋伯的學術〉,錢永祥譯,收於《學術與政治》,頁67-98。台北:遠流出版社。
Jasper, Karl
1992 《論韋伯》,魯燕萍譯,台北:桂冠出版社。
Mills, C. Wright
2001 《社會學的想像》,張君玫譯,台北:巨流出版社。
Simmel, Georg
2002 《社會學:關於社會化形式的硏究》,林榮遠譯,北京:華夏出版社。
Schluchter, Wolfgang
1986 《理性化與官僚化:對韋伯之硏究與詮釋》,顧忠華譯,台北:聯經出版社。
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Weber, Marianne
2002 《馬克斯.韋伯傳》,閻克文、王利平、姚中秋譯,南京市:江蘇人民出版社。
Weber, Max
2000 《社會科學方法論》,黃振華、張與健譯,台北:時報出版社。
2004a 《學術與政治》,錢永祥等譯,桂林:廣西師範大學出版社。
2004b 《支配社會學》,康樂、簡惠美譯,桂林:廣西師範大學出版社。
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三、 中文資料
江明修
1997 《公共行政學:理論與社會實踐》,台北市:五南。
李丁讚
2004 〈市民社會與公共領域在台灣的發展〉,《公共領域在台灣》,李丁讚主編,台北:桂冠出版社。頁1-62。
李丁讚(編輯)
2004 《公共領域在台灣》,台北:桂冠出版社。
吳定
1983 《行政發展趨勢之研究》,《中國行政》,第56期,頁111-133。
杜文苓、彭渰雯
2008 《社運團體的體制內參與及影響—以環評會與婦權會為例》,《臺灣民主季刊》第五卷第一期,頁119-148。
孫本初
1999 「前言」,收錄於R. T. Glembiewski、孫本初與江岷欽主編,《公共管理論文精選Ⅰ》,頁3-32,台北:元照。
陳曼麗
2005 〈社會力的展現──認識第三部門〉,《T&D飛訊》第36期。
許立一
2002 〈新公共管理的省思:以黑堡觀點為基礎〉,《公共行政學報》第六期,頁29-65。
2003 《慎思熟慮的民主行政》,台北:韋伯。
許世雨
1999 《新公共行政與新政府運動之辯證與比較》,政治大學公共行政研究所博士論文。
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2009 〈治理前列腺的經過〉,《健康世界》第283期,頁63-64。
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張興榮
1997 〈金屬清洗機械噪音的治理〉,《工業安全衛生》第96期,頁45-47。
葉啟政
2005 〈均值人與離散人的觀念巴貝塔〉,收於《觀念巴貝塔—當代社會學的迷思》,葉啟政著,臺北市 : 群學出版。頁1-71。
蔡勝男
2005 〈公共行政治理模式的研究:歷史詮釋分析的觀點〉,《T&D飛訊》34期頁1-17。
鄭祖邦
2006 〈韋伯的政治社會學:對「民族國家」與「支配」的分析〉,《政治與社會哲學評論》第16期,頁153-205。
賴維堯、夏學理、施能傑、林鍾沂
1995 《行政學入門》,台北縣:國立空中大學。
盧光輝
2001 〈水土保持治理與生態保育〉,《私立中國文化大學地理研究報告》第14期。頁159-175。
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2006 〈台灣的基金會現況與未來發展趨勢〉,收於蕭新煌、江明修、官有垣主編《基金會在台灣:結構與類型》,臺北市 : 巨流出版。頁3-37。
顧忠華
1987 〈約納斯的「責任倫理」—法蘭克福書展與書展和平獎得主的呼籲〉,《當代》第二十期,頁4-17。
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2004 〈公共領域的社會基礎〉,收於李丁讚編《公共領域在台灣》。台北:桂冠出版社。頁147-176。
2005 〈韋伯的社會行動理論〉,收於《社會學的基本概念》,桂林:廣西師範大學出版社。頁8-22。
2005 《解讀社會力-台灣的學習社會與公民社會》,台北:左岸。
2005 〈論社會科學的開放性與公共性〉,《臺灣社會學刊》第35期。頁1-21。
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
社會學研究所
95254009
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095254009
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 顧忠華zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Ku, Chung Huaen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 吳宗霖zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Wu, Zong Linen_US
dc.creator (作者) 吳宗霖zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Wu, Zong Linen_US
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-Dec-2010 14:43:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-Dec-2010 14:43:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-Dec-2010 14:43:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095254009en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/49949-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 社會學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95254009zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 當代的治理論述若持續侷限在以行政觀點為主軸的治理論述中,將會是對落實善治理想的不利條件與危機來源。但這並不表示治理就是一個不值得被討論的概念,事實上,現行治理理論的價值在於,它補充了韋伯官僚制論述中較被忽略的公民社會力量的部份。
在韋伯的理想政治運作計畫中,只有議會或是民選政治家具有可以同時和官僚以及公民社會溝通的機會,也只有民選政治家擁有政治溝通的權力與責任,而官僚及其管理對象,也就是公民社會之間的交流則不成為韋伯考量的重點。也因為此點,韋伯的官僚制論述被後來的行政理論詮釋成為政治與行政截然二分的論點,產生了傳統官僚制的弊病。
在治理的觀點中,政治代表的是一個社群對於未來方向的集體決定過程,政治的責任不應該有任何一個實際的參與者能夠卸下,無論是官僚體系內的公務人員或是民間社會中的平民百姓。治理理論擴大了自韋伯以降的精英民主論觀點,政治不再是精英的意志能否貫徹的問題,而是如何在當代多元化社會場景的實況下,完成各方力量的整合協調出一致對策,這點可以從治理理論非常重視第三部門在公共政策形成過程中扮演的角色中得到驗證。
盱衡當前台灣政治社會,民間社會力除了必須突破過去威權統治所遺留的枷鎖,還必須主動給予官僚制指引與監督,將行政體系予以社會化,為行政與社會透過第三部門互動的機制找到其正當性的來源。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Abstract
It will be crises to make a society step into the “good governance” stage if the modern governance theory still confined in the public administration theoretical perspective. But it doesn’t means the modern governance theory is valueless to be discussed. In fact, the modern governance theory stressed on the role of civil society in the governance situation, and which was ignored by Max Weber’s bureaucracy theory.
In Weber’s opinion, only the member of parliament could have the chance to communicate with the civil society and bureaucracy, and only the member of parliament have the power to take the responsibility of political communication. Later the public administration theory interpreted Weber’s viewpoint as “the separation of politics and administration theory” and made the traditional bureaucracy become a trouble maker.
In the viewpoint of governance theory, what politics represents will be a community for the future direction of the collective decision-making process, no one should not unload the political responsibility actual, whether public servants within the bureaucracy or in civil society civilians. The governance theory expanded the elite democracy theory, the problematics of politics is no longer the question how political elite will carry out their wills, but how to integrate the pluralistic political ideology into one coordinated consensus. This may take the Third Sector from the governanace theory to obtain the confirmation in the role which in the community policy forming process acts.
Looking at the current Taiwan`s political society, civil society must break the force in addition to the legacy of past authoritarian rule chains, but also must take the initiative to give guidance and supervision of bureaucracy, then the administrative system will be socialized, as administrative and social interaction through the mechanism of the Third Sector to find its source of legitimacy
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 1
第一節 研究動機與形成背景 --------------------------------------- 1
第二節 論文主旨及章節安排 --------------------------------------- 4
第三節 研究策略 ----------------------------------------------------- 10
第二章 政治的官僚化:韋伯的政治社會學與官僚制研究 -------- 12
第一節 韋伯的社會學方法論 -------------------------------------- 12
第二節 韋伯的政治社會學 ----------------------------------------- 23
第三節 韋伯的官僚制研究 ----------------------------------------- 29
第三章 官僚行政與公共治理:政府角色的變化 -------------------- 39
第一節 政府至上:傳統公共行政時期的觀點 ----------------- 40
第二節 尋回公共性:公共管理的反省 -------------------------- 44
一、新公共行政 ------------------------------------------------------- 45
二、新公共管理 ------------------------------------------------------- 48
第三節 治理:民主與績效的辯證 -------------------------------- 53
一、治理作為公共管理思潮的重整階段 ----------------------------- 54
二、全觀型治理 ------------------------------------------------------- 61
第四節 猶豫的公共性 ----------------------------------------------- 63
第四章 社會學與民主治理 ----------------------------------------------- 67
第一節 治理性與治理能力:政治權力的多中心運作 -------- 68
一、治理性:傅柯的系譜學考察 -------------------------------------- 68
二、治理能力:Kooiman對傅柯治理性概念的補充 ------------------71
第二節 第三部門:台灣的公民結社與公共領域 --------------- 73
一、台灣第三部門概況 ------------------------------------------------ 73
二、哈伯瑪斯的公共領域與審議式民主論述 ------------------------- 76
三、第三部門在公共治理中的功能與限制 ---------------------------- 78
第三節 反思公共性:社會學的參與 ------------------------------ 82
一、統計政治與「均值人」 ------------------------------------------- 80
二、社會學與公共性 ----------------------------------------------------------------82
第四節 從政治領導邁向官僚的社會化 --------------------------- 86
第五章 結語 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 93
第一節 本文總結 ------------------------------------------------------ 93
第二節 論文限制與未來展望 --------------------------------------- 98
參考文獻 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 102
zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1297892 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095254009en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 官僚制zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公民社會zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 治理zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 第三部門zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 行政體系社會化zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 從官僚行政到公共治理:一個社會學的考察zh_TW
dc.title (題名) From bureaucracy administration to public governance: a sociological perspectiveen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 外文資料zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Arendt, Hannahzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1972 「On Violence,」 in Crises of the Republic. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.zh_TW
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