| dc.contributor.advisor | 廖福特 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Liao, Fort Fu-te | en_US |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 丹趵曼 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | Daniel Bowman | en_US |
| dc.creator (作者) | 丹趵曼 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | Daniel Bowman | en_US |
| dc.date (日期) | 2009 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 9-Dec-2010 16:58:36 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.available | 9-Dec-2010 16:58:36 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 9-Dec-2010 16:58:36 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0097924022 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/50052 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 碩士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS) | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 97924022 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 98 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | This thesis examines Taiwan’s human rights development from 2000 until 2010. It looks at and compares the policies and action of Presidents Chen Shui-bian and Ma Ying-jeou in terms of three indicators of human rights: the implementation of the international human rights treaties (ICCPR and ICESCR), the establishment of a national human rights commission and the status of the death penalty. The case of Australia and its position in relation to the three key areas of this human rights study are analyzed for comparative purposes. Additionally, important historical human rights milestones and the beginnings of Taiwan’s democratization are introduced by way of an overview but the focus of this thesis is on the events of the last decade. In doing so, the overall aim of this study is to assess whether Taiwan has achieved its stated goal of becoming a human rights state. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………… 1 1.1. Purposes of the research ……………………………………………… 1 1.2. Motivation ……………………………………………………………… 2 1.3. Methodology ……………………………………………………………… 2 1.4. Overview of the three indicators ……………………………………… 4 1.4.1. Implementing international standards domestically ……………… 5 1.4.2. The importance of NHRCs ……………………………………… 5 1.4.3. International death penalty trends ……………………………… 72. The Australian model of human rights development ……………………… 9 2.1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………… 9 2.1.1. Why Australia? ……………………………………………… 9 2.2. Australia’s progress in the first indicator ……………………………… 10 2.2.1. Ratification ……………………………………………………… 11 2.2.2. The ICESCR ……………………………………………………… 11 2.2.3. Direct implementation of the ICCPR ……………………………… 12 2.2.4. Indirect compliance ……………………………………………… 15 2.2.5. Reporting and Individual Complaints ……………………… 16 2.2.6. Concluding remarks on the ICCPR in Australia ……………… 17 2.3. The second indicator – Australia’s national human rights institutions … 17 2.3.1. Establishment of NHRCs ……………………………………… 17 2.3.2. Composition of the NHRC ……………………………………… 18 2.3.3. Powers and duties ……………………………………………… 18 2.3.4. State and Territory NHRCs ……………………………………… 19 2.3.5. Assessment of Australia’s NHRCs ……………………………… 20 2.4. The third indicator – death penalty in Australia ……………………… 20 2.4.1. Abolition in Australia ……………………………………… 20 2.4.2. Recent developments – opposition confirmed ……………… 21 2.4.3. Public opinion on the death penalty ……………………………… 22 2.5. Overview of Australia’s human rights ……………………………… 233. Human Rights in Taiwan before 2000 ……………………………………… 25 3.1. The Martial Law period and ‘White Terror’ ……………………………… 25 3.1.1. Oppression ………………………………………………… 27 3.1.2. Government crackdowns ……………………………………… 28 3.1.3. The extent of the terror ……………………………………… 29 3.1.4. Reflections on this period ……………………………………… 29 3.2. The path to democratization ……………………………………………… 31 3.2.1. Civil and political rights ……………………………………… 31 3.2.2. Absence of human rights policy ……………………………… 32 3.3. Historical consideration of the three indicators ……………………… 32 3.3.1. International human rights standards ……………………………… 32 3.3.2. A national human rights commission ……………………… 33 3.3.3. Death penalty ……………………………………………………… 34 3.4. Historical overview ……………………………………………………… 344. Human Rights under Chen Shui-bian ……………………………………… 36 4.1. Introduction – a new era of human rights ……………………………… 36 4.1.1. The Presidential Human Rights Advisory Group ……………… 37 4.1.2. The Human Rights White Paper ……………………………… 37 4.2. First indicator progress – attempts to implement international standards domestically ……………………………………………………………… 38 4.2.1. Initial intentions and actions ……………………………………… 39 4.2.2. The White Paper on international human rights standards ……… 40 4.2.3. Legislative attempts ……………………………………………… 42 4.2.4. Difficulties encountered ……………………………………… 45 4.4.5. Efforts post-2004 ……………………………………………… 45 4.3. Plans for a National Human Rights Commission ……………………… 46 4.3.1. The White Paper’s proposals ……………………………………… 47 4.3.2. Draft legislation ……………………………………………… 48 4.3.3. Second term and hopes of a NHRC fade ……………………… 49 4.4. Policy towards the death penalty and progress towards abolition ……… 50 4.4.1. The administration’s position on abolition ……………………… 50 4.4.2. Legislation and the death penalty ……………………………… 51 4.4.3. Executive action ……………………………………………… 52 4.4.4. Conclusion – Gradual abolition ……………………………… 53 4.5. Overall Conclusions – Chen’s human rights legacy ……………………… 545. Human Rights under Ma Ying-jeou ……………………………………… 57 5.1. Ma’s presidency and overview of his human rights policy ……………… 57 5.2. Implementation of international standards ……………………………… 58 5.2.1. Ratification of the ICCPR and ICESCR ……………………… 59 5.2.2. Domestic legislation ……………………………………………… 59 5.3. A National Human Rights Commission ……………………………… 62 5.3.1. NHRC discussions ……………………………………………… 63 5.3.2. Opposition and support ……………………………………… 63 5.4. Ma and the death penalty ……………………………………………… 64 5.4.1. Appointment of Wang Ching-feng – de facto moratorium continues 64 5.4.2. Controversy and resignation ……………………………………… 67 5.4.3. New Justice Minister and resumption of executions ……………… 69 5.5. Future directions and conclusions ……………………………………… 726. Conclusion ……………………………………………………………… 74 6.1. First indicator assessment ……………………………………………… 74 6.2. Second indicator assessment ……………………………………………… 75 6.3. Third indicator assessment ……………………………………………… 76 6.4. Towards a human rights state? ……………………………………… 78 References ……………………………………………………………… 80 | zh_TW |
| dc.format.extent | 396732 bytes | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097924022 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 人權 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Human Rights | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Taiwan | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | International Human Rights Covenants | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | National Human Rights Commission | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Death Penalty | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | 邁向人權國家？陳水扁與馬英九的人權政策比較 | zh_TW |
| dc.title (題名) | Towards a human rights state? A comparison of Taiwan’S human rights policies under Chen Shui-Bian and Ma Ying-Jeou | en_US |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights Protection and Promotion Committee, Executive Yuan. 2009. 2007-2008 National Human Rights Report. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Hwang, J.-Y., Liao, F.-T. and Chang, W.-C. 2003. Development of Constitutional Law and Human Rights in Taiwan Facing the New Century. Chiba: Institute for Developing Economies. | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Kerr, G.H. 1965. Formosa Betrayed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Legislative Yuan, 2003. (In Chinese) Lifayuan Gongbao (立法院公報) Gazette of the Legislative Yuan, 92:5 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Liao, F.-T. 2001. Establishing a National Human Rights Commission in Taiwan: The role of NGOs and challenges ahead. Asia-Pacific Journal of Human Rights and the Law, 2:2 90-109. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Liao, F.-T. 2008. From Seventy-eight to Zero: Why executions declined after Taiwan’s democratization. Punishment and Society, 10:2 153-170. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Liao, F.-T. and Hwang, J.-Y. 2002. Think Globally, Do Locally – Internationalizing Taiwan’s human rights regime. Taiwan’s Modernization in Global Perspective, Chow, P. Ed. New York : Praeger. 79-102. | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Marks, T. 1998. Counterrevolution in China: Wang Sheng and the Kuomintang. London: Frank Cass. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | McPhedran, S. and Baker, J. 2008. The Impact of Australia’s 1996 Firearms Legislation: a research review with emphasis on data selection, methodological issues, and statistical outcomes. Justice Policy Journal, 5:1. | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Moody, P. 1992. Political Change in Taiwan: A study of ruling party adaptability New York: Greenwood. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Neary, I. 2002. Human Rights in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. London: Routledge. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Potas, I. and Walker, J. 1987. Capital Punishment. Issues and Trends in Crime and Criminal Justice, 3. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Smith, A. 2006. The Unique Position of National Human Rights Institutions: A mixed blessing? Human Rights Quarterly, 28:4 904-946. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | The Death Penalty Issue Research Group, 2000. The Taiwan Death Penalty Issue in International Perspective, Taiwan Human Rights Report 2000. Taipei: Taiwan Association for Human Rights. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Walton, M. 2005. Second Optional Protocol to the ICCPR. NSW Council of Civil Liberties Background Paper, 4. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Wang, P. 2007. Bastion Created, Regime Reformed, Economy Reengineered. In Rubinstein (Ed.) Taiwan: A New History. New York: ME Sharpe. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Will, P.-E. 2008. The Chinese Contribution to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1947-48: A re-examination. The Academica Historica Newsletter, 1. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Wu, N.-T. 2005. Transition without Justice, or Justice without History: Transitional justice in Taiwan. Taiwan Journal of Democracy, 1:1 77-102. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Wu, S. 2000. Barnard, J. (Tr.) Human Rights Advisory Group Formed. Sinorama, 25:11. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Yang, P.-C. 2004. The Road to Freedom. Taipei: Dr Chen Wen-chen Memorial Foundation. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 2. Treaties, UN Resolutions and Declarations | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Declaration and Programme of Action. 2000. UN World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, opened for signature 19 December 1966, 999 UNTS 171 (entered into force 23 March 1976). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, opened for signature 19 December 1966, 993 UNTS 3 (entered into force 3 January 1976). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, opened for signature 19 December 1966, (entered into force 23 March 1976) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Aiming at the Abolition of the Death Penalty, opened for signature 15 December 1989 (entered into force 11 July 1991) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Universal Declaration of Human Rights, UN General Assembly Resolution 217 A, 10 December 1948 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | UN General Assembly Resolution 48/134 (20 December 1993) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 3. Legislation | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ROC (Taiwan) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Enacted law | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Constitution of the Republic of China 1947 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Act for the Control and Punishment of Banditry 1943 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Act to Implement the ICCPR and ICESCR 2009 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Civil Code 1929 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Criminal Code 1929 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Criminal Code of the Armed Forces 1929 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Criminal Procedure Law 1935 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Mobilization for the Suppression of Communist Rebellion Provisional Act (Martial Law) 1948 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion 1948 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Draft law | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights Protection and Promotion Committee, 2001. Draft Organic Law on the National Human Rights Commission | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights Protection and Promotion Committee, 2001. Draft Law on the Powers of the National Human Rights Commission | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights Protection and Promotion Committee, 2003. Draft Basic Law on Human Rights. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights Protection and Promotion Committee, 2005. Draft Bill of Rights | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights Protection and Promotion Committee, 2006. Draft Human Rights Law | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Ministry of Justice, 2000. Draft National Human Rights Commission Investigative Powers Enactment Law | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Ministry of Justice, 2001. Draft Basic Law on the Protection of Human Rights | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Australian Legislation | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Commonwealth Legislation | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Age Discrimination Act 2004 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Australian Bill of Rights Bill 1985 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Disability Discrimination Act 1992 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights Bill 1973 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights Commission Act 1981 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Act 1986 (renamed Australian Human Rights Commission Act 1986) | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Human Rights (Sexual Conduct) Act 1994 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Race Discrimination Act 1975 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Sex Discrimination Act 1984 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | State and Territory Legislation | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | ACT Human Rights Act 2004 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Queensland Anti-Discrimination Act 1991 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Tasmanian Criminal Code Act 1924 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Victorian Charter of Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 4. Cases – Australian High Court | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Brandy v HREOC [1995] HCA 10 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Croome v Tasmania (1997) 191 CLR 119 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Mabo v State of Queensland (1992) 175 CLR 1 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | 5. Newspaper and press reports | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Bradsher, K. and Moore, J. 2009. An Interview with Ma Ying-jeou. New York Times. 22 February. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Chang, R. and Loa, I.-S. 2010. Justice Chief Defends Stay of Executions. Taipei Times, 11 March. p. 1 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Chiang, H.-J. 2010. Finding a Death Penalty Minister is not Easy, Ma’s Government and Judiciary to become more Conservative. (In Chinese) Zhongguo Shibao (中國時報) China Times, 16 March. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Cohen, J.A. 2010. Tied to the Cause. South China Morning Post, 17 March. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Cohen, J.A. and Chen, Y.-J. 2010. Slippery Slope. South China Morning Post, 13 May. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Cohen, J.A. and Chen, Y.-J. 2009. Will Beijing Follow Taiwan’s Lead on Human Rights? South China Morning Post, 28 May. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Death Penalty Dispute / Presidential Office and Executive Yuan ‘put out the flame’ – Wang Ching-feng steps down. 2010. (In Chinese) Ziyou Shibao (自由時報) Liberty Times, 12 March. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Huang, P. 2009. A Breakthrough in Human Rights. Taipei Times, 8 April, p. 8 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Huang, S. 2010. Activists, Academics Accuse the President of Neglecting the Rights of Aborigines. Taipei Times, 12 May. p. 2 | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Huang, S. 2010. Capital punishment to be Abolished Gradually. Taipei Times, 2 February. p. 3. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Jennifer Wang and Wang Ching-feng: Government policy vs. social movements, 2010. (In Chinese) Lianhe Bao (聯合報) United Daily, 10 May. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Justice Minister Defends Stance on Executions, 2010. (In Chinese) Zhongyang Tongxunshe (中央通訊社) Central News Agency, 10 March. | zh_TW |
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| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Taiwan Justice Minister Threatens to Resign Rather than Approve Executions. 2010. Taiwan News, 10 March. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Taiwan Premier-Designate Wu Den-yih presents Cabinet lineup, 2009. Taiwan News, 9 September. | zh_TW |
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