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題名 中國大陸2008年企業所得稅制改革與租稅誘因盈餘管理之研究
作者 趙衛翎
貢獻者 陳明進
趙衛翎
關鍵詞 中國大陸企業所得稅法
有效稅率
盈餘管理
裁決性應計項目
The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax
Effective Tax Rate
Earnings Management
Discretionary Accruals
日期 2010
上傳時間 29-Sep-2011 16:38:58 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究分成兩部分,研究對象為中國大陸之上市公司,第一部分以2004至2009年之財務資料,探討2008年中國大陸企業所得稅法之實施對中國大陸上市公司平均有效稅率之影響;第二部分以1998至2009年之財務資料,探討中國大陸上市公司是否為了因應企業所得稅法實施對有效稅率的影響,而從事租稅誘因盈餘管理之行為。

第一部分之實證結果發現,中國大陸上市公司之平均有效稅率在2008年企業所得稅法實施後有顯著的下降,表示中國大陸上市公司之有效稅率隨著名目稅率降低而下降。外資持股比例超過20%之上市公司(定義為外資企業),其2008年後之有效稅率上升,且內外資企業之其平均有效稅率之差異有縮小之趨勢。屬於高科技產業之上市公司在2008年企業所得稅法實施後,其有效稅率並未下降;但與除了農林牧漁業外之其他產業相比,高科技產業之上市公司其有效稅率較低。第二部分之實證結果發現,在2008年有效稅率下降之上市公司,其於2008年後的裁決性應計項目較大,有將盈餘遞延認列之傾向。
This study consists of two research issues. The first part uses the financial statement and capital structure data of China listed companies from 2004 to 2009, to investigate the effects of the implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax in 2008(hereafter 2008 Income Tax Law). And the second part which uses the financial and capital structure data of China listed companies from 1998 to 2009 investigates if China listed companies take the action of earnings management in response to the implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law.

The empirical findings of the first part show that the average ETRs of China listed companies declined after the implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law. The listed companies whose proportion of foreign ownership is above 20% (defined as foreign enterprises) increased ETRs after 2008 and the differences in ETRs between domestic enterprises and foreign enterprises are reduced gradually. Further, the average ETRs of China listed companies of information technology industry do not appear to be decreased after the implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law. However, besides the agriculture, forestry, herding, fishery industries, listed companies of information technology industries remain to have lower average ETRs after implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law.

The empirical findings of the second part show that China listed companies whose average ETRs decreased in 2008 appeared to have greater discretionary accruals after 2008, suggesting those companies shifting earnings to 2008.
參考文獻 一、 中文部分-國內文獻
朱啟民,2007,最低稅負與盈餘管理,國立臺灣大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
沈維民,1997,企業之盈餘管理:以會計方法選用和應計項目認列為例,管理評論,第16卷第1期:11-38。
林世銘與楊朝旭,1994,上市公司營利事業所得稅負擔之研究,財稅研究,第26卷,第6期:34-52。
林怡伶,2007,中國上市公司有效稅率之實證研究,國立政治大學會計研究所碩士論文。
金成隆、林修葳、張永芳,1999,強制性財務預測誤差與盈餘管理關係:20%門檻限制影響之研究,中國財務學刊,第7卷第1期:59-96。
陳明進,2002,營利事業有效稅率決定因素之實證研究,會計評論,第34期:57-75。
陳明進,2003,我國租稅優惠對營利事業租稅負擔之影響,管理評論,第22卷第1期:127-151。
陳明進、汪瑞芝,2005,兩稅合一實施與營利事業盈餘管理之實證研究,財稅研究,第37卷第6期:1-18。
蔡素幸,1993,臺灣上市公司規模與有效稅率關係之實證研究-實徵會計理論政治成本假設之探討,國立中山大學企業管理研究所碩士碩文。
蘇麗雀,2004,我國公司規模與有效稅率關係之研究,逢甲大學會計與財稅研究所碩士論文。
二、 中文部分-中國大陸文獻
中國註冊會計師協會,2008,註冊會計師全國統一考試輔導教材-稅法,北京:經濟科學出版社。
王昉,1999,中國上市公司所得稅稅負擔問題研究,經濟研究,第5期:49-55。
王延明,2003,上市公司所得稅負擔研究,管理世界,第1期:115-122。
李韜,2004,中國上市公司所得稅稅負的行業特徵的實證研究,天津市財貿管理幹部學院學報,第3期:35-37。
許景婷、許敏與陳靜,2009,我國上市公司所得稅負擔實證研究,南京工業大學學報,第8卷 第2期:55-59。
曹書軍與竇魁,2006,中國上市公司實際所得稅稅率的微觀影響因素研究,中國三星經濟研究院2006年首屆經營學術論文精英挑戰賽論文集,重慶大學會計學系。
彭培鑫與朱學義,2010,兩稅合併對我國上市公司所得稅負擔的影響,西南科技大學學報,第27卷,第5期:13-18。
錢晟與李筱強,2003,對我國上市公司2001-2002年企業所得稅負擔的實證研究,稅務研究,第9期:30-36。
三、 英文部分
DeAngelo, L. 1988. Managerial competition, information costs, and corporate Governance: The use of accounting performance measures in proxy contests. Journal of Accounting and Economics 10: 3-36.
Dechow, P. M., and R. G. Sloan 1991. Executive incentive and the horizon problem: An empirical investigation, Journal of Accounting and Economics 14: 51-89.
Dechow, P. M., R. G. Sloan, and A. P. Sweency. 1995. Detecting earnings management. The Accounting Review 70: 193-225.
DeFond, M. L., and J. Jiambalvo. 1994. Debt covenant violation and manipulation of accruals, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 17: 145-176.
Fullerton, D. 1984. Which effective tax rate? National Tax Journal 37(March): 23-41.
Guenther, D. A. 1994. Earnings management in response to corporate tax rate changes: Evidence from the 1986 tax reform act, The Accounting Review 69 (January): 230-243.
Gupta, S., and K. Newberry. 1997. Determinants of the variability in corporate effect tax rates: Evidence form longitudinal data. Journal of Accounting and public policy 16: 1-34.
Healy, P. 1985. The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions, Journal of Accounting and Economics 7: 85-107.
Jones, J. J. 1991. Earnings Management during import relief investigations, Journal of Accounting Research 29(2): 193-228.
Lopez, T. J., P. R. Regier, and T. Lee. 1998. Identifying tax-induced earnings management around TRA 86 as a function of prior tax-aggressive behavior, The Journal of the American Taxation Association 20(2): 37-56.
Scholes, M. S., G. P. Wilson, and M. A. Wolfson. 1992. Firms’ responses to anticipated reductions in tax rates: The Tax Reform Act of 1986. Journal of Accounting Research 30: 161-185.
Shevlin, T., and S. Porter. 1992. The corporate tax comeback in 1987: some further evidence. The Journal of the American Taxation Association 14(1): 58-79.
Siegfried, J. 1974. Effective average U.S. corporation income tax rates. National Tax Journal 27(2): 245-259.
Stickney, C., and V. McGee. 1982. Effective corporate tax rates: The effect of size, capital intensity, leverage, and other factors. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 1(2): 125-152.
Sweeney, A. 1994. Debt covenant violations and managers’ accounting responses. Journal of Accounting and Economics 17:281-308.
Teoh, S. H., I. Welch, and T. J. Wong. 1998. Earnings management and the underperformance of seasoned equity offering. Journal of Financial Economics 50: 63-99.
Wang, S. 1991. The relation between firm size and effective tax rate: A test of firms’ political success. The Accounting Review 66(1): 158-169.
Zimmerman, J. 1983. Taxes and firm size. Journal of Accounting and Economics 5(2): 119-149.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
會計研究所
98353017
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098353017
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 陳明進zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 趙衛翎zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 趙衛翎zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 29-Sep-2011 16:38:58 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 29-Sep-2011 16:38:58 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 29-Sep-2011 16:38:58 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0098353017en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/50775-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 會計研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98353017zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究分成兩部分,研究對象為中國大陸之上市公司,第一部分以2004至2009年之財務資料,探討2008年中國大陸企業所得稅法之實施對中國大陸上市公司平均有效稅率之影響;第二部分以1998至2009年之財務資料,探討中國大陸上市公司是否為了因應企業所得稅法實施對有效稅率的影響,而從事租稅誘因盈餘管理之行為。

第一部分之實證結果發現,中國大陸上市公司之平均有效稅率在2008年企業所得稅法實施後有顯著的下降,表示中國大陸上市公司之有效稅率隨著名目稅率降低而下降。外資持股比例超過20%之上市公司(定義為外資企業),其2008年後之有效稅率上升,且內外資企業之其平均有效稅率之差異有縮小之趨勢。屬於高科技產業之上市公司在2008年企業所得稅法實施後,其有效稅率並未下降;但與除了農林牧漁業外之其他產業相比,高科技產業之上市公司其有效稅率較低。第二部分之實證結果發現,在2008年有效稅率下降之上市公司,其於2008年後的裁決性應計項目較大,有將盈餘遞延認列之傾向。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study consists of two research issues. The first part uses the financial statement and capital structure data of China listed companies from 2004 to 2009, to investigate the effects of the implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax in 2008(hereafter 2008 Income Tax Law). And the second part which uses the financial and capital structure data of China listed companies from 1998 to 2009 investigates if China listed companies take the action of earnings management in response to the implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law.

The empirical findings of the first part show that the average ETRs of China listed companies declined after the implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law. The listed companies whose proportion of foreign ownership is above 20% (defined as foreign enterprises) increased ETRs after 2008 and the differences in ETRs between domestic enterprises and foreign enterprises are reduced gradually. Further, the average ETRs of China listed companies of information technology industry do not appear to be decreased after the implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law. However, besides the agriculture, forestry, herding, fishery industries, listed companies of information technology industries remain to have lower average ETRs after implementation of the 2008 Income Tax Law.

The empirical findings of the second part show that China listed companies whose average ETRs decreased in 2008 appeared to have greater discretionary accruals after 2008, suggesting those companies shifting earnings to 2008.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究問題 3
第三節 研究架構 4
第二章 文獻探討 6
第一節 中國大陸2008年企業所得稅法之介紹 6
第二節 有效稅率定義及決定因素之探討 15
第三節 盈餘管理之探討 25
第三章 研究方法 30
第一節 研究假說 30
第二節 實證模式 33
第三節 變數之定義及衡量 38
第四節 資料來源與樣本篩選 44
第四章 實證結果與分析 47
第一節 敘述性統計分析 47
第二節 相關係數分析 53
第三節 企業所得稅法實施對有效稅率影響之實證結果 58
第四節 有效稅率變動與盈餘管理關係之實證結果 65
第五章 結論與建議 70
第一節 研究結果 70
第二節 研究限制 72
第三節 研究建議 73
附錄:中華人民共和國企業所稅新舊稅制對照表(部分法條) 75
參考文獻 81
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098353017en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國大陸企業所得稅法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 有效稅率zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 盈餘管理zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 裁決性應計項目zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Taxen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Effective Tax Rateen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Earnings Managementen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Discretionary Accrualsen_US
dc.title (題名) 中國大陸2008年企業所得稅制改革與租稅誘因盈餘管理之研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 中文部分-國內文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 朱啟民,2007,最低稅負與盈餘管理,國立臺灣大學會計學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 沈維民,1997,企業之盈餘管理:以會計方法選用和應計項目認列為例,管理評論,第16卷第1期:11-38。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林世銘與楊朝旭,1994,上市公司營利事業所得稅負擔之研究,財稅研究,第26卷,第6期:34-52。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林怡伶,2007,中國上市公司有效稅率之實證研究,國立政治大學會計研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 金成隆、林修葳、張永芳,1999,強制性財務預測誤差與盈餘管理關係:20%門檻限制影響之研究,中國財務學刊,第7卷第1期:59-96。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳明進,2002,營利事業有效稅率決定因素之實證研究,會計評論,第34期:57-75。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳明進,2003,我國租稅優惠對營利事業租稅負擔之影響,管理評論,第22卷第1期:127-151。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳明進、汪瑞芝,2005,兩稅合一實施與營利事業盈餘管理之實證研究,財稅研究,第37卷第6期:1-18。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蔡素幸,1993,臺灣上市公司規模與有效稅率關係之實證研究-實徵會計理論政治成本假設之探討,國立中山大學企業管理研究所碩士碩文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蘇麗雀,2004,我國公司規模與有效稅率關係之研究,逢甲大學會計與財稅研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、 中文部分-中國大陸文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中國註冊會計師協會,2008,註冊會計師全國統一考試輔導教材-稅法,北京:經濟科學出版社。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王昉,1999,中國上市公司所得稅稅負擔問題研究,經濟研究,第5期:49-55。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王延明,2003,上市公司所得稅負擔研究,管理世界,第1期:115-122。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 李韜,2004,中國上市公司所得稅稅負的行業特徵的實證研究,天津市財貿管理幹部學院學報,第3期:35-37。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 許景婷、許敏與陳靜,2009,我國上市公司所得稅負擔實證研究,南京工業大學學報,第8卷 第2期:55-59。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 曹書軍與竇魁,2006,中國上市公司實際所得稅稅率的微觀影響因素研究,中國三星經濟研究院2006年首屆經營學術論文精英挑戰賽論文集,重慶大學會計學系。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 彭培鑫與朱學義,2010,兩稅合併對我國上市公司所得稅負擔的影響,西南科技大學學報,第27卷,第5期:13-18。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 錢晟與李筱強,2003,對我國上市公司2001-2002年企業所得稅負擔的實證研究,稅務研究,第9期:30-36。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 三、 英文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) DeAngelo, L. 1988. Managerial competition, information costs, and corporate Governance: The use of accounting performance measures in proxy contests. Journal of Accounting and Economics 10: 3-36.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dechow, P. M., and R. G. Sloan 1991. Executive incentive and the horizon problem: An empirical investigation, Journal of Accounting and Economics 14: 51-89.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dechow, P. M., R. G. Sloan, and A. P. Sweency. 1995. Detecting earnings management. The Accounting Review 70: 193-225.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) DeFond, M. L., and J. Jiambalvo. 1994. Debt covenant violation and manipulation of accruals, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 17: 145-176.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fullerton, D. 1984. Which effective tax rate? National Tax Journal 37(March): 23-41.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Guenther, D. A. 1994. Earnings management in response to corporate tax rate changes: Evidence from the 1986 tax reform act, The Accounting Review 69 (January): 230-243.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gupta, S., and K. Newberry. 1997. Determinants of the variability in corporate effect tax rates: Evidence form longitudinal data. Journal of Accounting and public policy 16: 1-34.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Healy, P. 1985. The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions, Journal of Accounting and Economics 7: 85-107.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jones, J. J. 1991. Earnings Management during import relief investigations, Journal of Accounting Research 29(2): 193-228.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lopez, T. J., P. R. Regier, and T. Lee. 1998. Identifying tax-induced earnings management around TRA 86 as a function of prior tax-aggressive behavior, The Journal of the American Taxation Association 20(2): 37-56.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Scholes, M. S., G. P. Wilson, and M. A. Wolfson. 1992. Firms’ responses to anticipated reductions in tax rates: The Tax Reform Act of 1986. Journal of Accounting Research 30: 161-185.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shevlin, T., and S. Porter. 1992. The corporate tax comeback in 1987: some further evidence. The Journal of the American Taxation Association 14(1): 58-79.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Siegfried, J. 1974. Effective average U.S. corporation income tax rates. National Tax Journal 27(2): 245-259.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stickney, C., and V. McGee. 1982. Effective corporate tax rates: The effect of size, capital intensity, leverage, and other factors. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 1(2): 125-152.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sweeney, A. 1994. Debt covenant violations and managers’ accounting responses. Journal of Accounting and Economics 17:281-308.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Teoh, S. H., I. Welch, and T. J. Wong. 1998. Earnings management and the underperformance of seasoned equity offering. Journal of Financial Economics 50: 63-99.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wang, S. 1991. The relation between firm size and effective tax rate: A test of firms’ political success. The Accounting Review 66(1): 158-169.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zimmerman, J. 1983. Taxes and firm size. Journal of Accounting and Economics 5(2): 119-149.zh_TW