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題名 小規模電信業者購併之研究
Analysis of mergers and acquisitions on small telecom operators
作者 劉淑琪
貢獻者 林良楓
劉淑琪
關鍵詞 併購
小規模電信業者
Mergers and Acquisitions
Small Telecom Operators
日期 2010
上傳時間 29-Sep-2011 16:55:31 (UTC+8)
摘要 現今小規模電信業者面臨因應不同的生命週期而出現不同的經營問題,或許併購是可值得思考的一種方式,但並不是絕對解決方式,重點是要找出對企業最有價值的策略。如何進行併購?需思考適合企業本身的方式,才能將併購後之綜效發揮至極大,故完善的評估作業,是小規模電信業者在併購前必作的課題。
     本研究試針對小規模新進電信業者,研討可能透過的併購方式,使企業有增加企業價值及成長機會。其可能選擇之併購型態、併購動機(包含營運綜效、市場綜效、財務綜效、稅務綜效)及併購後可能產生之負面影響分別就問卷,訪談及個案分析找出最適合小規模電信業者併購策略方式。
     研究發現台灣大哥大及遠傳電信在合併過程中都屬於主併者、同源式併購、併購雙方而言皆為合意併購。於提升品牌競爭力、增加經濟規模及範疇以及有效運用資源上有明顯之效果,但就市場綜效及財務綜效短期內並不明顯。另外根據問卷及訪談也發現大部分受訪者認為小規模業者應考慮作為「被併者」而非「主併者」,合併策略以「水平式」及「合意」方式為佳。合併之營運綜效前三名排名分別為「增加市場佔有率(用戶數)」、「增加生存能力」、「增加經濟規模」,市場綜效前三名為「可提升網路涵蓋率」、「可提高市場談判籌碼,進而降低進貨成本」、「可創造更多新用戶」。財務綜效前三名為「可改善財務結構」、「可提升股價」、「可增加其現金流量與穩定性」。至於稅務綜效則分別來自於利息費用可產生之稅盾以及小規模業者之虧損可作為合併個體所得稅之抵減項目。最後,調查中也發現併購後可能會因企業文化相異,導致企業人才流失,資源重覆投資,或因整合不易,導致營運成本增加。關鍵字:併購、小規模電信業者
Currently, in Taiwan small telecom operators were facing different life cycles as well as operating issuing. Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) is a possible way which is worth to consider, but should not be the ultimately way, because the main point is to identify the most valuable strategy for the operators. How to make a successful M&A? Small telecom operators (STO) should identify an appropriate way for their own to achieve the maximum benefit for M&A. Therefore, a complete evaluation M&A is a very important topic for STO before merger.
     
     This study concentrates on M&A of STO, and tries to analyze the possible ways for STO to increase corporate value and growth opportunities through M&A. The research uses questionnaires, interview and case study approaches to analyze types of M&A, motivations of M&A (including synergy of operating, marketing, financial and tax effectiveness) and possible negative impacts after M&A.
     The case study finds that both Taiwan Mobile and Far East Tone Telecommunications in the M&A process were "the main acquirers", the type of M&A is "homologous-type merger" and "friendly takeover merger ". The both cases also indicat that the brand competitiveness improvement, increasing economies of scale and scope, and effectiveness of resources using have significant effects, but the effects of market synergy and financial synergy are not so obvious in the short term. In addition, questionnaires and interviews also suggested that most of respondents believe that the small telecom operators should consider to be "acquired firm" instead of "acquiring firm" "horizontal" and "friendly takeover" are the better M&A strategies for STO. The top three operating synergies were "increasing market share (number of subscribers) ", "increasing the survivability", and "increasing the economics of scale". The top three market synergies are "improving network coverage", "enhancing bargaining power and reducing purchasing costs", and "creating more new subscribers". The top three financial synergies are "improving financial structure", "increasing stock price", and "increasing cash flow and its stability". Synergy of tax is coming from the "tax shield", which is result from interest expenses and operating loss for STO, respectively. Finally, the study also finds that the negative post merger effects include corporate culture change which increases employees’ turnover rate, duplicate investment, and increasing operating costs due to difficult integration.
     
     Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions, Small Telecom Operators
"目錄 i
     表目錄 ii
     圖目錄 iv
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究動機與目的 2
     第二節 研究方法 4
     第三節 研究流程 5
     第二章 文獻探討 6
     第一節 併購定義及型態 6
     第二節 併購動機理論 10
     第三章 電信產業分析 16
     第一節 國內電信產業發展趨勢 16
     第二節 國外電信產業發展分析 25
     第三節 國內電信業併購案例分析 31
     第四章 研究方法 46
     第一節 研究架構 46
     第二節 問卷設計 47
     第三節 研究樣本及分析方法 48
     第五章 研究結果 49
     第一節 受訪者基本資料分析 49
     第二節 問卷調查結果及分析 51
     第六章 結論與建議 87
     第一節 研究結論 87
     第二節 研究建議 89
     參考文獻 94
     附錄 本研究問卷 97"
參考文獻 一、國內文獻
丁雙慶,2005,購併後整合之個案研討,國立政治大學財務管理研究所碩士。
王淑真,2009,購併綜效之分析-以電信業為例,國立臺灣大學管理學院碩士在職專班財務金融組。
朱淳銘,2005,企業進行購併與其公司規模關係,國立政治大學財務管理研究所碩士。
吳安妮,1992,台灣企業併購動機之實證研究,管理評論。
吳啟銘,2004,你必須要知道的併購二三事,會計研究月刊,第229期(12月):29。
吳琮璠,2008,從合併報表看企業併購,會計研究月刊,第269期(4月):12。
李正明,2001,企業重整與公司價值創造-以AT&T為例,國立中央大學財務管理研究所
林芊芊,2008,敵意目標公司經營效率之研究,國立政治大學會計系碩士班。
林良楓、林佳蓉,2010,台灣跨國併購與國內併購經營效率之比較。
洪梓程,2008,公司規模與購併績效之相關性,國立政治大學財務管理研究所碩士。
梁德馨、吳憶蘋、柯依岑、許孝婷、邱妍蓁、林建邦、許景婷,2010.07,2010年臺灣無線網路使用調查報告。
廖玉惠,2008,讓併購效果,更理想化,會計研究月刊,第269期(4月):60。
劉金條,2001,企業購併後組織整合管理之研究-以日月光併購環隆電氣為例,國立雲林科技大學企業管理系研究所。
二、國外文獻
Amihud, Y., and B. Lev., 1981, Risk reduction as a managerial motive for conglomerate mergers, The bell Jourmal of Economics 12: 605-617.
Copeland, E. T., and J. F. Weston, 1979, Financial Theory and Corporate Policy, 2ed. Addition-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.
Jensen, M. C. and W. H. Meckling, 1976, Theory of the Firm:Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure, Journal of Financial Economics, 4
Jensen, M. C., 1986, Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers, American Economic Review, 76, 323-329.
Lewellen, W. G., 1971, A pure financial rationale for the conglomerate merger, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 26, No.2, pp. 521-537.
Mueller, D. C., 1969, Theory of conglomerate mergers, The Quarterly Journal of Economics:643-659.
Rhoades, S. A., 1993, Efficiency Effects of Horizontal Bank Merger, Journal of Banking& Finance, vol. 17, pp411-422.
Roll, R., 1986, The hubris hypothesis of corporate takeovers, The Journal of Business59:197-216.
Seth, A., 1990, ‘Value creation in acquisition: a reexamination of performance issues, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 11, pp.99-115.
Silhan, P. A. and H. Thomas, 1986, Using Simulated Mergers to Evaluate Corporate Diversification Strategies. Strategic Management Journal, Vol.7, Issue 6, No.v-Dec, pp.523-534.
Singh, H., and C. A. Montgomery, 1987, Corporate acquisition strategies and economic performance. Strategic Management Jourmal 18:337-386.
Weston, J. F. and K. S. Chung, 1983, Do merger make money? A research summary, Journal of M&A., 18, 40-48.
三、網頁部份
DIGITIMES Research網站 http://www.digitimes.com.tw/
GSA ( The Global mobile Suppliers Association)網站http://www.gsacom.com/index.php4
中華電信公司網站 http://www.cht.com.tw/CompanyCat.php?CatID=4&NewsID=3942&Page=HotNewsDetail。
中華電信歷年年報資訊 http://www.cht.com.tw/CompanyCat.php?CatID=274
公開資訊觀測站 http://www.newmops.tse.com.tw/
日本電氣通信事業者協會(Telecommunication Carrier Association, TCA)網站 http://www.tca.or.jp/english/
台灣大哥大電信公司網站 http://www.twngsm.com.tw/。
台灣大哥大歷年年報資訊 http://corp.taiwanmobile.com/investor-relations/financial-data.html
台灣證券交易所
http://www.twse.com.tw/ch/trading/indices/MI_5MINS_HIST/MI_5MINS_HIST.php
亞太電信公司網站 http://www.aptg.com.tw/aptg2/index.html
威寶電信公司網站 http://www.vibo.com.tw/CWS/Consumer,,,,.html
國家通訊傳播委員會網站 http://www.ncc.gov.tw/chinese/。
資策會網站 http://www.iii.org.tw/
遠傳電信公司網站 http://www.fetnet.net/cs/Satellite/FETnet/FnHome
遠傳電信歷年年報資訊 http://www.fetnet.net/cs/Satellite/Corporate/coInvestorService
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
97932220
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0979322201
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 林良楓zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 劉淑琪zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 劉淑琪zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 29-Sep-2011 16:55:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 29-Sep-2011 16:55:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 29-Sep-2011 16:55:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0979322201en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/50930-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97932220zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 現今小規模電信業者面臨因應不同的生命週期而出現不同的經營問題,或許併購是可值得思考的一種方式,但並不是絕對解決方式,重點是要找出對企業最有價值的策略。如何進行併購?需思考適合企業本身的方式,才能將併購後之綜效發揮至極大,故完善的評估作業,是小規模電信業者在併購前必作的課題。
     本研究試針對小規模新進電信業者,研討可能透過的併購方式,使企業有增加企業價值及成長機會。其可能選擇之併購型態、併購動機(包含營運綜效、市場綜效、財務綜效、稅務綜效)及併購後可能產生之負面影響分別就問卷,訪談及個案分析找出最適合小規模電信業者併購策略方式。
     研究發現台灣大哥大及遠傳電信在合併過程中都屬於主併者、同源式併購、併購雙方而言皆為合意併購。於提升品牌競爭力、增加經濟規模及範疇以及有效運用資源上有明顯之效果,但就市場綜效及財務綜效短期內並不明顯。另外根據問卷及訪談也發現大部分受訪者認為小規模業者應考慮作為「被併者」而非「主併者」,合併策略以「水平式」及「合意」方式為佳。合併之營運綜效前三名排名分別為「增加市場佔有率(用戶數)」、「增加生存能力」、「增加經濟規模」,市場綜效前三名為「可提升網路涵蓋率」、「可提高市場談判籌碼,進而降低進貨成本」、「可創造更多新用戶」。財務綜效前三名為「可改善財務結構」、「可提升股價」、「可增加其現金流量與穩定性」。至於稅務綜效則分別來自於利息費用可產生之稅盾以及小規模業者之虧損可作為合併個體所得稅之抵減項目。最後,調查中也發現併購後可能會因企業文化相異,導致企業人才流失,資源重覆投資,或因整合不易,導致營運成本增加。關鍵字:併購、小規模電信業者
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Currently, in Taiwan small telecom operators were facing different life cycles as well as operating issuing. Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) is a possible way which is worth to consider, but should not be the ultimately way, because the main point is to identify the most valuable strategy for the operators. How to make a successful M&A? Small telecom operators (STO) should identify an appropriate way for their own to achieve the maximum benefit for M&A. Therefore, a complete evaluation M&A is a very important topic for STO before merger.
     
     This study concentrates on M&A of STO, and tries to analyze the possible ways for STO to increase corporate value and growth opportunities through M&A. The research uses questionnaires, interview and case study approaches to analyze types of M&A, motivations of M&A (including synergy of operating, marketing, financial and tax effectiveness) and possible negative impacts after M&A.
     The case study finds that both Taiwan Mobile and Far East Tone Telecommunications in the M&A process were "the main acquirers", the type of M&A is "homologous-type merger" and "friendly takeover merger ". The both cases also indicat that the brand competitiveness improvement, increasing economies of scale and scope, and effectiveness of resources using have significant effects, but the effects of market synergy and financial synergy are not so obvious in the short term. In addition, questionnaires and interviews also suggested that most of respondents believe that the small telecom operators should consider to be "acquired firm" instead of "acquiring firm" "horizontal" and "friendly takeover" are the better M&A strategies for STO. The top three operating synergies were "increasing market share (number of subscribers) ", "increasing the survivability", and "increasing the economics of scale". The top three market synergies are "improving network coverage", "enhancing bargaining power and reducing purchasing costs", and "creating more new subscribers". The top three financial synergies are "improving financial structure", "increasing stock price", and "increasing cash flow and its stability". Synergy of tax is coming from the "tax shield", which is result from interest expenses and operating loss for STO, respectively. Finally, the study also finds that the negative post merger effects include corporate culture change which increases employees’ turnover rate, duplicate investment, and increasing operating costs due to difficult integration.
     
     Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions, Small Telecom Operators
en_US
dc.description.abstract (摘要) "目錄 i
     表目錄 ii
     圖目錄 iv
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究動機與目的 2
     第二節 研究方法 4
     第三節 研究流程 5
     第二章 文獻探討 6
     第一節 併購定義及型態 6
     第二節 併購動機理論 10
     第三章 電信產業分析 16
     第一節 國內電信產業發展趨勢 16
     第二節 國外電信產業發展分析 25
     第三節 國內電信業併購案例分析 31
     第四章 研究方法 46
     第一節 研究架構 46
     第二節 問卷設計 47
     第三節 研究樣本及分析方法 48
     第五章 研究結果 49
     第一節 受訪者基本資料分析 49
     第二節 問卷調查結果及分析 51
     第六章 結論與建議 87
     第一節 研究結論 87
     第二節 研究建議 89
     參考文獻 94
     附錄 本研究問卷 97"
-
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄 i
     表目錄 ii
     圖目錄 iv
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究動機與目的 2
     第二節 研究方法 4
     第三節 研究流程 5
     第二章 文獻探討 6
     第一節 併購定義及型態 6
     第二節 併購動機理論 10
     第三章 電信產業分析 16
     第一節 國內電信產業發展趨勢 16
     第二節 國外電信產業發展分析 25
     第三節 國內電信業併購案例分析 31
     第四章 研究方法 46
     第一節 研究架構 46
     第二節 問卷設計 47
     第三節 研究樣本及分析方法 48
     第五章 研究結果 49
     第一節 受訪者基本資料分析 49
     第二節 問卷調查結果及分析 51
     第六章 結論與建議 87
     第一節 研究結論 87
     第二節 研究建議 89
     參考文獻 94
     附錄 本研究問卷 97
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0979322201en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 併購zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 小規模電信業者zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Mergers and Acquisitionsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Small Telecom Operatorsen_US
dc.title (題名) 小規模電信業者購併之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Analysis of mergers and acquisitions on small telecom operatorsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、國內文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 丁雙慶,2005,購併後整合之個案研討,國立政治大學財務管理研究所碩士。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王淑真,2009,購併綜效之分析-以電信業為例,國立臺灣大學管理學院碩士在職專班財務金融組。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 朱淳銘,2005,企業進行購併與其公司規模關係,國立政治大學財務管理研究所碩士。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳安妮,1992,台灣企業併購動機之實證研究,管理評論。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳啟銘,2004,你必須要知道的併購二三事,會計研究月刊,第229期(12月):29。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳琮璠,2008,從合併報表看企業併購,會計研究月刊,第269期(4月):12。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 李正明,2001,企業重整與公司價值創造-以AT&T為例,國立中央大學財務管理研究所zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林芊芊,2008,敵意目標公司經營效率之研究,國立政治大學會計系碩士班。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林良楓、林佳蓉,2010,台灣跨國併購與國內併購經營效率之比較。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 洪梓程,2008,公司規模與購併績效之相關性,國立政治大學財務管理研究所碩士。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 梁德馨、吳憶蘋、柯依岑、許孝婷、邱妍蓁、林建邦、許景婷,2010.07,2010年臺灣無線網路使用調查報告。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 廖玉惠,2008,讓併購效果,更理想化,會計研究月刊,第269期(4月):60。zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、國外文獻zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 三、網頁部份zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) DIGITIMES Research網站 http://www.digitimes.com.tw/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) GSA ( The Global mobile Suppliers Association)網站http://www.gsacom.com/index.php4zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華電信歷年年報資訊 http://www.cht.com.tw/CompanyCat.php?CatID=274zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 公開資訊觀測站 http://www.newmops.tse.com.tw/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 日本電氣通信事業者協會(Telecommunication Carrier Association, TCA)網站 http://www.tca.or.jp/english/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 台灣大哥大電信公司網站 http://www.twngsm.com.tw/。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 台灣大哥大歷年年報資訊 http://corp.taiwanmobile.com/investor-relations/financial-data.htmlzh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 亞太電信公司網站 http://www.aptg.com.tw/aptg2/index.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 威寶電信公司網站 http://www.vibo.com.tw/CWS/Consumer,,,,.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 國家通訊傳播委員會網站 http://www.ncc.gov.tw/chinese/。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 資策會網站 http://www.iii.org.tw/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 遠傳電信公司網站 http://www.fetnet.net/cs/Satellite/FETnet/FnHomezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 遠傳電信歷年年報資訊 http://www.fetnet.net/cs/Satellite/Corporate/coInvestorServicezh_TW