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題名 「牙尖嘴利」的紙老虎:《南方週末》如何揭發社會矛盾
A paper tiger with sharp teeth: How Southern Weekend discloses social tensions in China
作者 時沛恩
Fabian Schneider
貢獻者 朱立
Chu, Leonard L.
時沛恩
Fabian Schneider
關鍵詞 南方週末
Southern Weekend
日期 2010
上傳時間 5-Oct-2011 12:00:03 (UTC+8)
摘要 This thesis focuses on the discourse strategies investigative journalism uses to disclose social tensions in China. It delivers a theoretical framework for the understanding of investigative journalism in general and its Chinese counterpart in particular. Furthermore, the author elaborates on the possibilities, strategies and limitations of investigative journalism in China. Investigative stories that disclose three major social tensions in China were selected for analysis. These social tensions focus on “crimes against the underprivileged”, “abuse in education” and “desperate crimes”. Since the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) perceives these social tensions as a potential threat to its legitimacy of leadership, news about them are considered to be highly sensitive while at the same time useful in alerting the CCP to solve them. The research has found that most of the strategies used are “circumvention of value” and “interviewee opinion formation” followed by the strategy “open end”. However, Chinese investigative journalism has to toe a thin line in its practice.
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Behrens, J.C. (1977). Typewriter guerrillas: Close-ups of twenty top investigative reporters. Chicago, Nelson-Hall.
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Bolch, J., and Miller, K. (1978). Investigative and in-depth reporting. New York, Hastings House.
Borjesson, K. (2004). Into the Buzzsaw: Leading journalists expose the myth of a free press. Amherst, Prometheus Books.
Bourdieu, P. (2005). “The political field, the social science field, and the journalistic field.”, in Benson, R. and Neveu, E., Bourdieu and the journalistic field, Cambridge, pp. 29-47.
Brady, A.M. (2006). “Guiding hand: The role of the CCP Central Propaganda Department in the current era.”, Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, Vol. 3(1), pp. 57–76.
Broersma, M. (2010). “The unbearable limitations of journalism: On press-critique and journalism’s claim to truth.” International Communication Gazette, 72 (1), pp. 21- 33.
Gaines,W.C. (1998). Investigative reporting for print and broadcast. Chicago, Nelson- Hall.
Chan, A. (2002). “From propaganda to hegemony: Jiaodian fangtan and China’s media policy.”, Journal of Contemporary China. Vol. 11(30), pp. 35–51.
Chan, J. M. (1994). "Media internationalization in China: Processes and tension." Journal of Communication 44(3), pp. 70-88.
Chan, J. M. (1993). “Commercialization without independence: Trends and tensions of media development in China.”, in Cheng, J. and Brosseau, M., China Review.
Chang, W.H. (1989). Mass Media in China: The History and the Future. Ames: Iowa State University Press.
Champane, P. (2005). “The double dependency: The journalistic field between politics and markets.”, in Benson, R. and Neveu, E., Bourdieu and the journalistic field, Cambridge, pp. 48- 63.
Chen, H. and Guo, Z. (1998). “Opposites apart: Determinants of the divergent development in advertising revenue between China’s party and mass appeal newspapers.”, Asian Journal of Communication, Vol. 8, pp. 70-99.
Chen, H. and Yu, H. (1996). “The uneven development of media commercialization in china: A case of newspapers.” Mass Communication Research, Vol 53, pp. 191-208 (in Chinese).
Cheek, T. (1989). “Redefining propaganda: Debates on the role of journalism in post-Mao mainland China.”, Issues and Studies, Vol. 25, p. 47-74.
Chengju, H. (2007). "Trace the stones in crossing the river: Media structural changes in post-WTO china." International Communication Gazette 69(5), pp. 413-430.
De Burgh, H. (2003). The Chinese journalist: Mediating information in the world’s most populous country. London: Routledge Curzon.
De Burgh, H. (2000). “Off the party and in the market: Chinese journalism today.” Journalism Studies, Vol. 1(4).
De Burgh, H. (2000). Investigative journalism: Context and practice. London, Routledge.
Downie, L. (1976). The new muckrakers. Washington, D.C., New Republic Book Co.
Emery, M. and Emery, E. (1992). The press and America: An interpretive history of the mass media. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall.
Ericson, R.V., Baranek, P.M. and Chan, J.B.L (1987). Visualizing deviance: A study of news organizations. Milton Keynes, Open University Press.
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Grant, J. (1988). “Internal reporting by investigative journalists in china and its influence on government policy” Gazette, 41, p.53-65.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
中國大陸研究英語碩士學程(IMCS)
98461016
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098461016
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 朱立zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chu, Leonard L.en_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 時沛恩zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Fabian Schneideren_US
dc.creator (作者) 時沛恩zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Fabian Schneideren_US
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 5-Oct-2011 12:00:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 5-Oct-2011 12:00:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Oct-2011 12:00:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0098461016en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51150-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 中國大陸研究英語碩士學程(IMCS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98461016zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis focuses on the discourse strategies investigative journalism uses to disclose social tensions in China. It delivers a theoretical framework for the understanding of investigative journalism in general and its Chinese counterpart in particular. Furthermore, the author elaborates on the possibilities, strategies and limitations of investigative journalism in China. Investigative stories that disclose three major social tensions in China were selected for analysis. These social tensions focus on “crimes against the underprivileged”, “abuse in education” and “desperate crimes”. Since the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) perceives these social tensions as a potential threat to its legitimacy of leadership, news about them are considered to be highly sensitive while at the same time useful in alerting the CCP to solve them. The research has found that most of the strategies used are “circumvention of value” and “interviewee opinion formation” followed by the strategy “open end”. However, Chinese investigative journalism has to toe a thin line in its practice.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Abstract iii

1. Introduction 1

2. Investigative Journalism 7

3. Chinese Investigative Journalism 11
3.1. The appearance of the market oriented press 14
3.2. From masses to audience 15
3.3. Roles of investigative journalists 17
3.4. Strategies of investigative journalists 22
3.5. Adversary or mouthpiece 26

4. Method 32
4.1. Southern Weekend 32
4.2. Discourse analysis 34
4.3. Journalistic strategies 35
4.4. New journalistic strategies 36
4.5. Social tensions in China 37
4.6. The three major social tensions for analysis 38

5. Findings 42
5.1. Analysis of “crimes against the underprivileged 43
5.2. Analysis of “abuse in education”.. 51
5.3. Analysis of “desperate crimes”.. 56

6. Discussion and conclusion 61
6.1. Major findings: Strategies in disclosing social tensions 61
6.2. Future studies.. 63
6.3. Conclusion 65

References 67

Appendix I
Excerpts of the Southern Weekend articles analyzed 75

Appendix II
An example of Southern Weekend’s investigative reports: “The case of Yang Yuanyuan: Narrow path into a dead-end”82
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098461016en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 南方週末zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Southern Weekenden_US
dc.title (題名) 「牙尖嘴利」的紙老虎:《南方週末》如何揭發社會矛盾zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A paper tiger with sharp teeth: How Southern Weekend discloses social tensions in Chinaen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ames, W.E. (1972). “Federal patronage and the Washington D.C. press.” Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 49, pp. 22–30.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Anderson, J. (1979). Confessions of a muckraker. NewYork, RandomHouse.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Anderson, D. and Benjaminson P. (1976). Investigative reporting. Bloomington, Indiana University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aucoin, J. L. (2005). The evolution of investigative Journalism. Columbia, University of Missouri Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Behrens, J.C. (1977). Typewriter guerrillas: Close-ups of twenty top investigative reporters. Chicago, Nelson-Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bloomfield, L.P. and Moulton, A. (1997). Managing international conflict: From theory to policy. A teaching tool using CASCON. New York, St Martin’s Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bolch, J., and Miller, K. (1978). Investigative and in-depth reporting. New York, Hastings House.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Borjesson, K. (2004). Into the Buzzsaw: Leading journalists expose the myth of a free press. Amherst, Prometheus Books.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bourdieu, P. (2005). “The political field, the social science field, and the journalistic field.”, in Benson, R. and Neveu, E., Bourdieu and the journalistic field, Cambridge, pp. 29-47.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brady, A.M. (2006). “Guiding hand: The role of the CCP Central Propaganda Department in the current era.”, Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, Vol. 3(1), pp. 57–76.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Broersma, M. (2010). “The unbearable limitations of journalism: On press-critique and journalism’s claim to truth.” International Communication Gazette, 72 (1), pp. 21- 33.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gaines,W.C. (1998). Investigative reporting for print and broadcast. Chicago, Nelson- Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chan, A. (2002). “From propaganda to hegemony: Jiaodian fangtan and China’s media policy.”, Journal of Contemporary China. Vol. 11(30), pp. 35–51.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chan, J. M. (1994). "Media internationalization in China: Processes and tension." Journal of Communication 44(3), pp. 70-88.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chan, J. M. (1993). “Commercialization without independence: Trends and tensions of media development in China.”, in Cheng, J. and Brosseau, M., China Review.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chang, W.H. (1989). Mass Media in China: The History and the Future. Ames: Iowa State University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Champane, P. (2005). “The double dependency: The journalistic field between politics and markets.”, in Benson, R. and Neveu, E., Bourdieu and the journalistic field, Cambridge, pp. 48- 63.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen, H. and Guo, Z. (1998). “Opposites apart: Determinants of the divergent development in advertising revenue between China’s party and mass appeal newspapers.”, Asian Journal of Communication, Vol. 8, pp. 70-99.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen, H. and Yu, H. (1996). “The uneven development of media commercialization in china: A case of newspapers.” Mass Communication Research, Vol 53, pp. 191-208 (in Chinese).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cheek, T. (1989). “Redefining propaganda: Debates on the role of journalism in post-Mao mainland China.”, Issues and Studies, Vol. 25, p. 47-74.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chengju, H. (2007). "Trace the stones in crossing the river: Media structural changes in post-WTO china." International Communication Gazette 69(5), pp. 413-430.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) De Burgh, H. (2003). The Chinese journalist: Mediating information in the world’s most populous country. London: Routledge Curzon.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) De Burgh, H. (2000). “Off the party and in the market: Chinese journalism today.” Journalism Studies, Vol. 1(4).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) De Burgh, H. (2000). Investigative journalism: Context and practice. London, Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Downie, L. (1976). The new muckrakers. Washington, D.C., New Republic Book Co.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Emery, M. and Emery, E. (1992). The press and America: An interpretive history of the mass media. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ericson, R.V., Baranek, P.M. and Chan, J.B.L (1987). Visualizing deviance: A study of news organizations. Milton Keynes, Open University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ettema, J.S. and Glasser, T.L. (1998). Custodians of conscience: Investigative journalism and public virtue. New York, Columbia University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fang, H. and Zhang Z. (1995). A brief history of China’s journalism education. Beijing, People’s University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Filler, L. (1993). The muckrakers. Stanford, Stanford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fraser, B. (1990). “An approach to discourse markers.”, Journal of Pragmatics, Vol. 14, pp. 383- 395.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fraser, B. (1998). “Contrastive discourse markers in English.”, in Jucker, A. and Ziv, Z. (eds), Discourse markers: Description and theory. Amsterdam, Benjamins, pp. 301- 326.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Golding, P. and Murdock, G. (2000). “Culture, communications, and political economy.” in Curran, J. and Gurevitch, M., Mass Media and Society, New York, pp. 60-83.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Goldman, M. and MacFarquhar R. (1999). “Dynamic economy, declining party-state.”, in Goldman M. and MacFarquhar R., The paradox of China’s post-Mao reforms. Cambridge, Harvard University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Goldman, M. (1994). Sowing the seeds of democracy in China: Political reform in the Deng Xiaoping era. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cook, T. E. (2006). “The news media as a political institution: Looking backward and looking forward.”, Political Communication, Vol. 23, pp. 159-171.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gordon, K. (2000). “China speaks out.”, China Review, Vol. 17.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grant, J. (1988). “Internal reporting by investigative journalists in china and its influence on government policy” Gazette, 41, p.53-65.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Greenwald, M. and Bernt, J. (2000). The big chill: Investigative reporting in the current media environment. Ames: Iowa State University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grenier, J.A. (1960).“Muckraking and the muckrakers: An historical definition.”, Journalism Quarterly, Vol. 37(3), pp.552–58.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gu, E. and Goldman, M. (2004). Chinese intellectuals between the state and market. London and New York, RoutledgeCurzon.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Guo, Z. (2001). “To each according to its niche: Analyzing the political and economic origins for a structural segregation in Chinese Press.”, The Journal of Media Economics, Vol. 14 (1), p. 15- 30.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Guo, Z. (1999). “Supervision by Public Opinion and the Western Concept of Journalistic Professionalism.”, Guoji Xinwen Vol. 5.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hackett, R.A. and Zhao, Y. (1998). Sustaining democracy? Journalism and the politics of objectivity, Toronto: Garamond Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Halliday, M.A.K. (1994). An introduction to functional grammar. London, Edwardzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Arnold.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Harrison, J.M. and Harry H.S. (1973). Muckraking: Past, present and future. University Park, Pennsylvania State University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hong, J. (1998). The internationalization of television in China: The evolution of ideology, society, and media since the reform. Westport, Praeger.zh_TW
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