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題名 公益平面廣告研究於動物保護：女性模特兒反對殘酷時尚
A study on the animal protection public service print advertising: female models against cruel fashion
作者 尤莉婭
Chashchina, Yulia
貢獻者 賴建都
尤莉婭
Chashchina, Yulia
關鍵詞 公益廣告
動物保護
廣告訴求
廣告效果
代言人
Public Service Advertising.
animal protection
advertising appeal
advertising effectiveness
celebrity endorsement
日期 2010
上傳時間 5-Oct-2011 14:26:14 (UTC+8)
摘要 殘酷時尚議題已成為當代的芒刺，對動物保護團體及人權組織形成挑戰。善待動物組織(People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals：PETA)是目前規模最大、發展最完善的動物權利組織，其廣告往往能在人們心中喚醒善待動物的意識。PETA首次在時尚雜誌上發起的反對毛皮廣告活動，即獲得「非營利組織最佳廣告獎(Best Ads Produced by a Nonprofit)」。

本研究的宗旨為，展示公益內容廣告運動可在任何市場導向的經濟體中運作。本研究列舉PETA的PSA廣告範例如下：「我寧願裸體」（“I’d rather go naked”, 1992年) 、「毛皮代表死亡」(“Fur is dead”, 2001年)、「對皮膚感到自在」(“Be comfortable in your own skin”, 2003年)、「拯救海豹」(“Save the seals”, 2009年)。「毛皮」 （“Skins”）主題上述廣告皆由知名女性代言。
本研究為質量研究，採用射影技術(projective technique)及深入訪談，調查結合訊息與圖像的PSA廣告在傳達動物權力相關議題時的效果。本研究將指出這些廣告可如何透過1.有創意、逼真的圖像、2.說服力的寓意訊息及3.知名代言人，加強傳遞人與自然關係的概念。

本研究發現，具說服力的訊息必須擁有逼真、富含寓意、簡潔、清楚等特性，且僅有在搭配適當的圖像時，才能發揮效力。此類圖像必須擁有不含混、非情色誘因、有創意、外來風或暗中使用性訴求等特性。廣告必須同時訴諸感性訴求及現實主義，並由知名、受人敬重的代言人出演。當公益廣告意圖以幽默感營造有利的風趣情境時，就不應使用嚴肅形象，或要求觀眾訴諸行動。至於訴諸恐懼類的公益廣告，則結合令人反感的圖像特徵及寓意訊息，仍可營造有利觀眾回應的情境，然而太過強烈的反感特徵有時會造成觀眾無法掌握寓意，導致觀眾無法回應。訴諸恐懼類平面廣告所引起的觀眾回應差異，以及本研究的局限性，可歸因於應答者的文化差異。

本研究做出結論為，擁有優良公眾形象及正面背景的知名代言人，可成功向大眾傳遞寓意訊息。再者，有創意、逼真，但不過度暴力、過度情色的圖像可吸引觀眾目光，促使大眾意識並做出反應。
In the Modern Age the problem of killing fashion has become a thorny issue for the fashion industry, animal rights protection organizations, animal world and humanity. In this respect, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) performs as the largest and most highly developed animal rights institution in modern countries. PETA’s advertising has made a revolution in people’s minds concerning the ethical treatment of animals and already the first advertising campaign by PETA received the “Best Ads Produced by a Nonprofit” Award for its anti-fur advertising campaign in fashion magazines.
The purpose of the study is to show how such social content advertising campaigns can work in all countries that are learning to live under market-driven economies. This research concerns properly selected print PSA samples of “I’d rather go naked” (launched in 1992), “Fur is dead” (launched in 2001), “Be comfortable in your own skin” (launched in 2003), and “Save the seals” (launched in 2009) campaigns presented by a number of celebrity spokeswomen posing for PETA’s “Skins” print advertisements.
Based on qualitative research with the use of projective techniques and in-depth interviews, the study investigates the impact of a combination of PSA specific messages and image characteristics concerning animal rights using Public Service Print Advertising. The research will show how these ads hopefully can improve their effectiveness in order to achieve more respect for the human-nature relationship by using 1) Creative, realistic images, 2) A powerful educational message, and 3) A highly respected and appreciated celebrity spokesperson.
The study found that a strong persuasive message is defined as realistic, educational, laconic, clear and the advertisement is ultimately effective only when used with proper image characteristics. Such image characteristics are non-vulgar, non-sexually distracting, but creative, exotic, or latent in sexual appeal. An advertisement should use emotional appeal and realism, presented by a celebrity spokesperson with a respected personal background. While PSA uses a high degree of humor to produce favorable and amused attitude, they do not present a serious image or promote a call to action. Regarding using fear appeal, strongly unpleasant image characteristics combined with educational messages still may produce a favorable and responsible attitude. However, it was found that unfavorable perceptions caused by strongly unpleasant images sometimes distracted viewers from the educational message or failed to produce a responsible reaction. The striking differences among public responses regarding fear appeal in print ads and study limitations can be attributed to cultural differences within respondents.
The study has concluded that strong educational messages spoken by highly trustworthy celebrities with positive background activity makes the public listen. Furthermore, creative, realistic, but not overly-violent or overly-sexual images catch the viewer’s attention, makes the public more aware and encourages responsible thinking.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
廣告研究所
96452018
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096452018
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 賴建都zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 尤莉婭zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chashchina, Yuliaen_US
dc.creator (作者) 尤莉婭zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chashchina, Yuliaen_US
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 5-Oct-2011 14:26:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 5-Oct-2011 14:26:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Oct-2011 14:26:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0096452018en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51164-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 廣告研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96452018zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 殘酷時尚議題已成為當代的芒刺，對動物保護團體及人權組織形成挑戰。善待動物組織(People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals：PETA)是目前規模最大、發展最完善的動物權利組織，其廣告往往能在人們心中喚醒善待動物的意識。PETA首次在時尚雜誌上發起的反對毛皮廣告活動，即獲得「非營利組織最佳廣告獎(Best Ads Produced by a Nonprofit)」。

本研究的宗旨為，展示公益內容廣告運動可在任何市場導向的經濟體中運作。本研究列舉PETA的PSA廣告範例如下：「我寧願裸體」（“I’d rather go naked”, 1992年) 、「毛皮代表死亡」(“Fur is dead”, 2001年)、「對皮膚感到自在」(“Be comfortable in your own skin”, 2003年)、「拯救海豹」(“Save the seals”, 2009年)。「毛皮」 （“Skins”）主題上述廣告皆由知名女性代言。
本研究為質量研究，採用射影技術(projective technique)及深入訪談，調查結合訊息與圖像的PSA廣告在傳達動物權力相關議題時的效果。本研究將指出這些廣告可如何透過1.有創意、逼真的圖像、2.說服力的寓意訊息及3.知名代言人，加強傳遞人與自然關係的概念。

本研究發現，具說服力的訊息必須擁有逼真、富含寓意、簡潔、清楚等特性，且僅有在搭配適當的圖像時，才能發揮效力。此類圖像必須擁有不含混、非情色誘因、有創意、外來風或暗中使用性訴求等特性。廣告必須同時訴諸感性訴求及現實主義，並由知名、受人敬重的代言人出演。當公益廣告意圖以幽默感營造有利的風趣情境時，就不應使用嚴肅形象，或要求觀眾訴諸行動。至於訴諸恐懼類的公益廣告，則結合令人反感的圖像特徵及寓意訊息，仍可營造有利觀眾回應的情境，然而太過強烈的反感特徵有時會造成觀眾無法掌握寓意，導致觀眾無法回應。訴諸恐懼類平面廣告所引起的觀眾回應差異，以及本研究的局限性，可歸因於應答者的文化差異。

本研究做出結論為，擁有優良公眾形象及正面背景的知名代言人，可成功向大眾傳遞寓意訊息。再者，有創意、逼真，但不過度暴力、過度情色的圖像可吸引觀眾目光，促使大眾意識並做出反應。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In the Modern Age the problem of killing fashion has become a thorny issue for the fashion industry, animal rights protection organizations, animal world and humanity. In this respect, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) performs as the largest and most highly developed animal rights institution in modern countries. PETA’s advertising has made a revolution in people’s minds concerning the ethical treatment of animals and already the first advertising campaign by PETA received the “Best Ads Produced by a Nonprofit” Award for its anti-fur advertising campaign in fashion magazines.
The purpose of the study is to show how such social content advertising campaigns can work in all countries that are learning to live under market-driven economies. This research concerns properly selected print PSA samples of “I’d rather go naked” (launched in 1992), “Fur is dead” (launched in 2001), “Be comfortable in your own skin” (launched in 2003), and “Save the seals” (launched in 2009) campaigns presented by a number of celebrity spokeswomen posing for PETA’s “Skins” print advertisements.
Based on qualitative research with the use of projective techniques and in-depth interviews, the study investigates the impact of a combination of PSA specific messages and image characteristics concerning animal rights using Public Service Print Advertising. The research will show how these ads hopefully can improve their effectiveness in order to achieve more respect for the human-nature relationship by using 1) Creative, realistic images, 2) A powerful educational message, and 3) A highly respected and appreciated celebrity spokesperson.
The study found that a strong persuasive message is defined as realistic, educational, laconic, clear and the advertisement is ultimately effective only when used with proper image characteristics. Such image characteristics are non-vulgar, non-sexually distracting, but creative, exotic, or latent in sexual appeal. An advertisement should use emotional appeal and realism, presented by a celebrity spokesperson with a respected personal background. While PSA uses a high degree of humor to produce favorable and amused attitude, they do not present a serious image or promote a call to action. Regarding using fear appeal, strongly unpleasant image characteristics combined with educational messages still may produce a favorable and responsible attitude. However, it was found that unfavorable perceptions caused by strongly unpleasant images sometimes distracted viewers from the educational message or failed to produce a responsible reaction. The striking differences among public responses regarding fear appeal in print ads and study limitations can be attributed to cultural differences within respondents.
The study has concluded that strong educational messages spoken by highly trustworthy celebrities with positive background activity makes the public listen. Furthermore, creative, realistic, but not overly-violent or overly-sexual images catch the viewer’s attention, makes the public more aware and encourages responsible thinking.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Abstract………………………………………………………………………..……6
Chapter I Introduction….………...…………………………………………..…8
1.1 Research background.…….…………………………………………..…..8
1.2 Case Study Brief………………….………..………………………..…...11
1.3 Cultural Study: PSA..……………………………………………..……..13
1.3.1 Western nudity and Asian censorship……………………………….15
1.3.2 Animal Rights Protection: West and Asia (Taiwan)……..…..….…..16
1.4 Research Purpose.…………………………...……………………...……21
1.5 Research Questions………………............................................................21
1.6 Research Procedure……………………………………………..……….24
Chapter II Literature Review…………………………………………..……….25
2.1 Previous Studies on Animals Issue in Advertising…………….….…….25
2.2 Persuasion Process in Advertising ……………….……………….….….27
2.3 Nonverbal Communication…………………….…………………..…….30
2.4 Celebrity Endorsement….…………………….……………….….….…..35
2.5 Advertising Appeal………………………………………………..….….36
2.5.1 Sexual Advertising Appeal………………...……………….…....….37
2.5.2 Humor Advertising Appeal…….….………………………….……..39
2.5.3 Fear Advertising Appeal……..…………………………...…..……..41
2.6 Literature Review Conclusions…………………………………..….…..42
Chapter III Methodology…..…………………………………………….…..…..46
3.1 Qualitative Method.……………..…………..............……………...……46
3.2 Research Design……...……………………………………………..…...47
3.2.1 Research Framework………….………………………..……..……..48
3.3 Participants Sampling Procedure……………….….…….…….………...50
3.4 PETA Print Advertisements Sampling…………….….………….….…..50
3.4.1 Coding Scheme……..…………………..……….…………..……….51

3.4.2 Coding Reliability…………..…………………………………...…...57
3.4.3 Representative Sample…………..…….…….…………………..…..57
Chapter IV Data Analysis…………………………………………………..….61
4.1 Data Review and Observations…………...…………………………..…61
4.2 Reliability and Validity of Audience response…………………….….…62
4.3 Data Management: Generating Categories, Themes and Patterns……....64
4.4 Results Report………...…………………………………….….……..…74
4.5 Answering Research Questions……………..…….………......................80
4.6 Results Discussion…………………………………………………….....86
Chapter V Findings and Conclusions.…………………….….………….……87
5.1 Findings………………………………………………………….….…...87
5.2 Conclusions…….…..……………………...…………...….………....….90
5.3 Recommendations………………………………………………….……91
5.4 Study Limitations and Alternative Findings…….…………….…….…..91
References………………………………………………………….……….…......93
Appendix 1 PETA Historic Brief and Success Stories..…………….….….100
Appendix 2 Participants Sample Chart……………...…………..….…....…105
Appendix 3 Sampling Categories and Items……………….…….…….…..106
Appendix 4 Categorical Scale..………………………………………..…....111		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096452018en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公益廣告zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 動物保護zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 廣告訴求zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 廣告效果zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 代言人zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Public Service Advertising.en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) animal protectionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) advertising appealen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) advertising effectivenessen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) celebrity endorsementen_US
dc.title (題名) 公益平面廣告研究於動物保護：女性模特兒反對殘酷時尚zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A study on the animal protection public service print advertising: female models against cruel fashionen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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