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題名 台灣生物技術廠商社會資本與區域創新氛圍之研究
The interactive effect of social capital and regional innovative milieux:a case of biotechnology industry in Taiwan
作者 陳仲萌
Chen, Chung Meng
貢獻者 邊泰明
陳仲萌
Chen, Chung Meng
關鍵詞 社會資本
創新氛圍
產業環境
社會網絡分析
Social Capital
Innovative Milieux
Industrial Environment
Social Network Analysis
日期 2010
上傳時間 5-Oct-2011 14:47:15 (UTC+8)
摘要 近年隨全球生產鏈改變,廠商為維持競爭力由追求區位最佳化,轉而追求網絡位置優化。在此種現象下,引發本研究探討區位環境在廠商創新過程中所扮演之角色,並嘗試與網絡位置共同分析,探查區位環境對於廠商是否具有功能化效果。且以Markusen (1996)與Glückler(2007)之論述為基礎,檢視創新環境差異下是否存在網絡結構差異。區位環境與技術網絡分別透過創新氛圍與社會資本作為論述框架,利用兩者皆強調個體行動者特質,連結地理區位、社會化行動至創新績效之路徑。
本研究以台灣生物技術廠商為研究對象,該產業為我國新興產業之一,對於技術網絡建立與研發需求強烈。資料收集同時利用二手資料與問卷方式,建立近似於整體性的技術網絡資料,分析方法採用社會網絡分析法、變異數分析以及卜瓦松回歸進行假說驗證。分析結果呈現地區創新氛圍差異確實存在廠商社會資本型態差異,支持先前文獻論述。而地區創新氛圍在廠商創新過程中扮演調和社會資本結構面功能角色,隨創新氛圍提升,強化直接連結的正向效果,減緩了網絡中介的負向效果;突顯了區位選擇在廠商面對全球化過程中仍為影響創新績效的關鍵因子。
The empirical studies of firms’ innovation pointed out the important of localtion. In early days, firms pursue better location to lower the cost.But now they facing the globalization recombining the global supply chain. The important of location is re-placed by “ network system”. In this view, the main part of our research tring to understand the role of innovative milieu in innovation process. According to the lite-rature of Markusen (1996) and Glückler(2007) suggest the difference network structure between difference industrial districts. The second goal of this research is using statistical data to confirm their explanation.
Tthis research which indicate two important results. The first is the difference social capital of firms existing in difference innovative milieux.This result support Markusen and Glückler’s discussions. Second, the role of innovative milieu is mod-erated effect between social capital and innovative perfornment.Following the differ-ence social capital strength, the effect of innovative milieu is difference.The empirical result indicate that the important function of location is working on firms’ innovative process.
參考文獻 一、中文文獻
David, Halpern著、黃克先、黃蕙茹譯,2008,『社會資本』,臺北市:巨流、國立編譯館合作出版。
Manuel, Castells著、夏鑄九、王志弘譯,2000,『網絡社會之崛起』,臺北:唐山。
王振寰,2010,『追趕的極限:台灣的經濟轉型與創新』,臺北市,巨流。
李敏,2009,『企業社會資本論』,北京市:光明日報。
財團法人生物技術開發中心,2008,『台灣生技產業名錄2008』,臺北縣:財團法人生物技術開發中心。
─,2010,『2010生技產業年鑑』,臺北縣:財團法人生物技術開發中心。
經濟部工業局,2010a,『2010生物技術產業白皮書』,臺北市:經濟部工業局。
─,2010b,『2010台灣生技產業新興生技公司名錄』,臺北市:經濟部工業局。
二、外文文獻
Ai-Laham, A. and Amburgey, T. L., 2010, “Who Makes You Central? Analyzing the Influence of International Alliance Experience on Network Centrality of Start-up Firms” , Management International Review,50: 297- 323.
Arregle, J. L., Hitt, M. A., Sirmon, D. G. and Very, P., 2007, “The Development of Organizational Social Capital: Attributes of Family Firms”, Journal of Man-agement Studies, 44(1):73-95.
Barrutia, J. M. and Echebarria, C., 2010, “Social capital, research and development, and innovation: An empirical analysis of Spanish and Italian regions”, European Urban and Regional Studies, 17(4):371-385.
Bergman, E. M. and Maier, G., 2009, “Network central: regional positioning for in-novative advantage”, The Annals of Regional Science, 43:615-644.
Boix, R. and Galletto, V., 2009, “Innovation and industrial districts: a first approach to the measurement and determinants of the I-district effect”, Regional Studies, 43(9):1117-1133.
Bonnet, N., 2009, “Proximités et résiliences d`un territoire: les réseaux d`entreprises innovantes dans l`aire urbaine de Montpellier”, Revue d`Économie Régionale et Urbaine, 3:573-598.
Borgatti, S. P. and Everett, M. G., 1999, “Models of core/periphery structures”, Social Networks,21: 375-395.
Borgatti, S. P. and Foster, P. C., 2003, “The network paradigm in organizational re-search: A review and typology”, Journal of Management, 29(6):991-1013.
Boshuizen, J., Geurts, P. and Veen, A. V. D., 2009, “Regional Social Networks as Conduits for Knowledge Spillovers: Explaining Performance of High-Tech Firms”, Journal of Economic & Social Geography, 100(2):183-197.
Burt, R. S., 1992, Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Camagni, R. P., ed., 1991, Innovation networks: spatial perspectives, London, New York: Belhaven Press.
Camagni, R. P., 1995, “The concept of innovative milieu and its relevance for public policies in European lagging regions”, Papers in Regional Science, 74(4): 317-340.
Carey, S., Lawson, B. and Krause, D. R. (2010, August). Social Capital Configuration, Legal Bonds and Performance in Buyer-Supplier Relationships. Journal of Oper-ations Management. Retrived December 19, 2010 (doi:10.1016/ j.jom. 2010.08.003) on the World Wide Wed: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jom/
Chabault, D., 2010, “Gouvernance et trajectoire des pôles de compétitivité”, Management & Avenir, 36(6):130-151.
Chetty, S. and Agndal, H., 2007, “Social capital and its influence on changes in in-ternationalization mode among small and medium-sized enterprises”, Journal of International Marketing, 15(1):1-29.
Chiu, Y.T., 2009, “How network competence and network location influence inno-vation performance”, Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 24(1):46-55.
Clercq, D. D., Thongrapanl, N. and Dimov, D., 2010, “Cross-Functional Collabora-tion, Knowledge Transfer and Product Innovativeness: Contingency Effects of Social”, Innovation through Knowledge Transfer, 5(6):321-331.
Coleman, R., 1988,“ Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital”, American Journal of Sociology, 94:95-120.
Crevoisier, O. and Jeannerat, H., 2009, “Territorial knowledge dynamics: from the proximity paradigm to multi-location milieus”, European Planning Studies, 17(8):1223-1241.
Delgado, M., Porter, M. E. and Stern, S., 2010, “Clusters and entrepreneurship”, Journal of Economic Geography, 10(4):495-518.
Fang, G. and Pigneur, Y., 2010, “The configuration and performance of international innovation networks: some evidence from the Chinese software industry”, In-ternational Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, 7(2):167-187.
Fromhold-Eisebith,M., 2004, “Innovative Milieu and Social Capital? Complemen-tary or Redundant Concepts of Collaboration-based Regional Development” , European Planning Studies,12(6): 747-765.
Fritsch, M. and Kauffeld-Monz, M., 2010, “The impact of network structure on knowledge transfer: an application of social network analysis in the context of regional innovation networks”, The Annals of Regional Science, 44(1):21-38.
Glising V., Nooteboom B., Vanhaverbeke W., Duysters G. and Oord A. V. D., 2008, “ Network embeddedness and the exploration of novel technologies: Technolo-gical distance, betweenness centrality and density”, Research Policy, 37: 1717- 1731.
Glückler, J., 2007, “Economic geography and the evolution of networks”, Journal of Economic Geography, 7:619-634.
Gnyawali, D. R., Fan, W. and Penner, J., 2010, “Competitive Actions and Dynamics in the Digital Age: An Empirical Investigation of Social Networking Firms”, Information Systems Research, 21(3):594-613.
Granovetter, M. S., 1973, “ The Strength of Weak Ties”, American Journal of So-ciology, 78(6):1360-1380.
Gulati, R., 2007, Managing network resources: alliances, affiliations and other rela-tional assets, New York: Oxford University Press.
Håkansson, H. and Ford, D., 2002, “How should companies interact in business networks? ” , Journal of Business Research,55:133-139.
Hansen, M. T., 1999, “The search-transfer problem: the role of weak ties in sharing knowledge across organization subunits”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(1):82-111.
Huber, F., 2009, “Social Capital of Economic Clusters: Towards a Network-based Conception of Social Resources”, Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geo-grafie, 100(2):160-170.
Huggins, R., 2010, “Forms of Network Resource: Knowledge Access and the Role of Inter‐Firm Networks”, International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(3):335-352.
Huggins, R. and Johnston, A., 2010, “Knowledge flow and inter-firm networks: The influence of network resources, spatial proximity and firm size”, Entrepreneur-ship & Regional Development, 22(5):457-484.
Inkpen, A. C. and Tsang, E. W. K., 2005, “Social capital, networks, and knowledge transfer”, Academy of Management Review, 30:146-165.
Iyer, S., Kitson, M. and Toh, B., 2005, “Social capital, economic growth and re-gional development”, Regional Studies, 39(8):1015-1040.
Kallio, A., Harmaakorpi, V. and Pihkala, T., 2010, “Absorptive Capacity and Social Capital in Regional Innovation Systems: The Case of the Lahti Region in Fin-land”, Urban Studies, 47(2):303-319.
Kogut, B., 2000, “The network as knowledge: generative rules and the emergence of structure”, Strategic Management Journal, 21:405-425.
Leana, C. R. and Van Buren, H. J., 1999, “Organizational Social Capital and Em-ployment Practices”, The Academy of Management Review, 24(3):538-555.
Lee, T.-L., 2010, “Network Analysis of Opto-Electronics Industry Cluster: A Case of Taiwan” pp. 161-182 in Mining and Analyzing Social Networks, edited by Ting I.-H, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Lechner, C. and Floyd, S. W., 2010, “Task Contingencies in the Curvilinear Rela-tionships Between Intergroup Networks and Initiative Performance”, Academy of Management Journal, 53(4):865-889.
Li, L., Lin, Z. and Arya, B., 2008, “The turtle–hare race story revisited: Social capi-tal and resource accumulation for firms from emerging economies and resource accumulation for firms from emerging economies”, Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 25:251-275.
Liefooghe, C., 2010, “Économie créative et développement des territoires : enjeux et perspectives de recherche”, Innovations,31(1):181-197.
Lin, N., 2001, Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action, New York: Cambridge University Press.
Lin, N., Cook, K. and Burt, R. S., 2001, Social Capital:Theory and Research, New York : Aldine de Gruyter.
Liu, C. -H., 2011, “The Effects of Innovation Alliance on Network Structure and Density of Cluster”, Expert Systems with Applications 38(1):299-305.
Lorenzen, M., 2007, “Social capital and localised learning: proximity and place in technological and institutional dynamics”, Urban Studies, 44:799-817.
Macke, J., Vallejos, R. V., Faccin, K. and Genari, D., 2010, “The Impact of In-ter-organizational Social Capital in Collaborative Networks Competitiveness: An Empirical Analysis”, Paper presented at the 11th, IFIP WG 5.5 Working Confe-rence on Virtual Enterprises, France, October 11-13,2010.
Maennig, W. and Ölschläger, M., 2010, “Innovative Milieux and Regional Competi-tiveness: The Role of Associations and Chambers of Commerce and Industry in Germany”, Regional Studies, iFirst article: 1-12.
Markusen, A., 1996, “Sticky places in slippery space: A typology of industrial dis-tricts”, Economic Geography, 72(3):293-313.
Molina, F. X. and Martínez, M. T., 2009, “Does homogeneity exist within industrial districts? A social capital‐based approach”, Regional Science, 88(1):209- 229.
Molina, F. X. and Mas, F., 2008, “Intended Ties with Local Institutions as Factors in Innovation: An Application to Spanish Manufacturing Firms”, European Planning Studies, 16(6):811-827.
Morales, F. X. M. and Fernández, M. T. M., 2010, “Social Networks: Effects of So-cial Capital on Firm Innovation”, Journal of Small Business Management, 48(2):258-279.
Mote, J. E., Hage, J. T., Whitestone, Y. K. and Jordan, G. B., 2008,“Innovation, Networks and the Research Environment: Examining the Linkages”, Int. J. Fo-resight and Innovation Policy, 4:246-264.
Moulaert, F. and Sekia, F., 2003, “Territorial Innovation Models: A Critical Survey”, Regional Studies, 37(3): 289-302.
Nahapiet, J. and Ghoshal, S., 1998, “Social Capital, Intellectual Capital, and the Organizational Advantage”, Academy of Management Review, 23(2):242-266.
Nerkar, A. and Paruchuri, S., 2005, “Evolution of R&D capabilities: The role of knowledge networks within a firm”, Management Science, 51(5):771-785.
Parra-Requena, G. Molina-Morales, F. X. and Garcia-Villaverde, P. M., 2010, “The Mediating Effect of Cognitive Social Capital on Knowledge Acquisition in Clus-tered Firms”, Growth and Change, 41(1):59-84.
Paruchuri, S., 2009, “Intraorganizational Networks, Interorganizational Networks, and the Impact of Central Inventors : A Longitudinal Study of Pharmaceutical Firms”, Organization Science,21(1):63-80.
Pirolo, L. and Presutti, M., 2010, “The Impact of Social Capital on the Start‐ups` Performance Growth”, Journal of Small Business Management, 48(2):197-227.
Portes, A., 1998, “Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociolo-gy”, Annual Review of Sociology, 24: 1-24.
Rampersad, G., Quester, P. and Troshani, I., 2010, “Examining network factors: commitment, trust, coordination and harmony”, Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 25(7):487-500.
Presutti, M., and Boari, C., 2008,“Space-related antecedents of social capital: Some empirical inquiries about the creation of new firms”, International Entrepre-neurship and Management Journal, 4:217-234.
Ratti, R., Bramanti, A. and Gordon R., eds., 1997, The dynamics of innovative regions: the GREMI approach, Aldershot, Hants, England, Brookfield, Vt.: Ashgate.
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Rost, K., 2011,(2010, December) The Strength of Strong Ties in the Creation of In-novation”, Research Policy.Retrieved January11,2011 form Elsevier, (doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2010.12.001) on World Wide Web.
Schilling, M. A. and Phelps, C. C., 2007, “Interfirm Collaboration Networks: The Impact of Large-Scale Network Structure on Firm Innovation”, Management Science, 53(7):1113-1126.
Sharmur, R., 2010, “Space, place and innovation: a distance‐based approach”, The Canadian Geographer, 54(1):46-47.
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三、網路資料
行政院,2009,六大新興產業主題網。http://www.ey.gov.tw/policy/3/index.html,取用日期:2011年2月6日。
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
地政研究所
98257006
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098257006
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 邊泰明zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳仲萌zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Chung Mengen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳仲萌zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chen, Chung Mengen_US
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 5-Oct-2011 14:47:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 5-Oct-2011 14:47:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Oct-2011 14:47:15 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0098257006en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51372-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 地政研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98257006zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 近年隨全球生產鏈改變,廠商為維持競爭力由追求區位最佳化,轉而追求網絡位置優化。在此種現象下,引發本研究探討區位環境在廠商創新過程中所扮演之角色,並嘗試與網絡位置共同分析,探查區位環境對於廠商是否具有功能化效果。且以Markusen (1996)與Glückler(2007)之論述為基礎,檢視創新環境差異下是否存在網絡結構差異。區位環境與技術網絡分別透過創新氛圍與社會資本作為論述框架,利用兩者皆強調個體行動者特質,連結地理區位、社會化行動至創新績效之路徑。
本研究以台灣生物技術廠商為研究對象,該產業為我國新興產業之一,對於技術網絡建立與研發需求強烈。資料收集同時利用二手資料與問卷方式,建立近似於整體性的技術網絡資料,分析方法採用社會網絡分析法、變異數分析以及卜瓦松回歸進行假說驗證。分析結果呈現地區創新氛圍差異確實存在廠商社會資本型態差異,支持先前文獻論述。而地區創新氛圍在廠商創新過程中扮演調和社會資本結構面功能角色,隨創新氛圍提升,強化直接連結的正向效果,減緩了網絡中介的負向效果;突顯了區位選擇在廠商面對全球化過程中仍為影響創新績效的關鍵因子。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The empirical studies of firms’ innovation pointed out the important of localtion. In early days, firms pursue better location to lower the cost.But now they facing the globalization recombining the global supply chain. The important of location is re-placed by “ network system”. In this view, the main part of our research tring to understand the role of innovative milieu in innovation process. According to the lite-rature of Markusen (1996) and Glückler(2007) suggest the difference network structure between difference industrial districts. The second goal of this research is using statistical data to confirm their explanation.
Tthis research which indicate two important results. The first is the difference social capital of firms existing in difference innovative milieux.This result support Markusen and Glückler’s discussions. Second, the role of innovative milieu is mod-erated effect between social capital and innovative perfornment.Following the differ-ence social capital strength, the effect of innovative milieu is difference.The empirical result indicate that the important function of location is working on firms’ innovative process.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄 I
圖目錄 II
表目錄 III
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究範疇與方法 3
第三節 研究內容與流程 5
第二章 相關理論與文獻回顧 7
第一節 社會資本與網絡 7
第二節 創新氛圍模型 17
第三節 小結-兩者概念互補性質 26
第三章 產業背景與創新氛圍分析 28
第一節 我國生技產業範疇與特性 28
第二節 台灣地區生技產業政策與現況 30
第三節 台灣地區生技產業創新氛圍分析 33
第四章 研究設計 39
第一節 研究架構與假說 39
第二節 問卷設計與資料蒐集 45
第五章 實證結果分析 49
第一節 問卷資料統計 49
第二節 我國生技廠商技術網絡概況 53
第三節 廠商社會資本與地區創新氛圍分析 59
第四節 實證回歸分析 64
第五節 小結 72
第六章 結論與建議 75
第一節 研究結論 75
第二節 建議 77
參考文獻 79
一、中文文獻 79
二、外文文獻 79
三、網路資料 84
附錄 85
附錄一:分析單元劃分 85
附錄二:問卷 87
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098257006en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會資本zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創新氛圍zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 產業環境zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會網絡分析zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social Capitalen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Innovative Milieuxen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Industrial Environmenten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social Network Analysisen_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣生物技術廠商社會資本與區域創新氛圍之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The interactive effect of social capital and regional innovative milieux:a case of biotechnology industry in Taiwanen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) David, Halpern著、黃克先、黃蕙茹譯,2008,『社會資本』,臺北市:巨流、國立編譯館合作出版。zh_TW
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