Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 小學人權教育教學之比較研究:探究台北與新德里社會科教師之角色
Pedagogy of Human Rights Education in the Elementary Schools of Taipei and New Delhi: Probing the Role of Social Science Teachers
作者 安尹若
Anamika
貢獻者 鄭同僚<br>馮朝霖
Cheng, Tung Liao<br>Fong, Tsao Lin
安尹若
Anamika
關鍵詞 人權教育
批判質性研究
新德里
小學
社會科教師角色
台北
Human Rights Education
Critical Qualitative Study
New Delhi
Elementary Schools
Role of Social Science Teachers
Taipei
日期 2010
上傳時間 5-Oct-2011 14:53:49 (UTC+8)
摘要 教育,是透過學生持續社會化的過程而形塑社會的重要機制。教育,為未來世代參與社會變遷預作了準備,並有助於社會發展。尤有甚者,教育使學生們意識到他們的權利。我們可以在各個教育階段裡引入人權教育。但是,小學階段的社會科教育對青少年的人權概念發展是具有決定性意義的。對此階段的學生而言,教師的引導以及人權教育的教學對清楚理解人權概念是相當關鍵的。針對教導學生深思熟慮的方法、人道與明智的價值、理性與批判的思考,人權教育教學可以是有助益且有效途徑。因此,本研究目的是在人權教育的脈絡下,評估社會科教師並探究他們的教學法。而本研究之研究問題是:(1)台北與新德里小學社會科教師在他們人權教育的價值、信念、態度與觀念脈絡下,理解人權教育教學的方式為何?(2)台北與新德里小學社會科教師在人權教育的教學實踐為何?(3)在台北與新德里小學社會科教室中,有意與無意的教學內容為何?(4)在人權教學的過程中,台北與新德里小學社會科教師所面臨的難題與阻礙為何?(5)可能存在一種可以應用在不同教育背景的普遍性人權教育教學嗎?因此,本研究針對台北與新德里小學,分別進行兩組各三位六年級教師及其班級的探究。
本研究發現,教師是人權教育成功實行的重要關鍵。教師必須對人權有熱情與承諾;教師必須尊重學生做為個體的權利;人權教育必須有情境脈絡的特殊性;《世界人權宣言》可以做為人權教學的普遍標準;此外,聯合國與國家政府的角色亦關係重大,因為他們提供人權教育結構與資金。最後,值得一提的是NGOs 與INGOs 的角色越來越重要,他們有必要在橫向與縱向上拓展他們的網絡。
Education is an important institution that shapes our society through continuous socialization of pupils. It prepares future generations to participate in social change and contributes to society’s development. Moreover, it makes pupils aware of their rights. Human rights education can be introduced at all levels of education. The elementary level Social Science education is crucial for the development of the concept of human rights among adolescents. For the pupils of this age group, the guidance of teacher and the pedagogy of human rights education are critical for a clear understanding of the concept. The pedagogy of human rights education can be a useful and effective way of inculcating deliberative methods, humane and judicious values, and rational and critical thinking among pupils. The present study is an attempt to assess social science teachers and explore their pedagogy in the context of human rights education. The issues that the present research intends to raise are: (1) How the pedagogy of human rights education is perceived by Social Science teachers of the elementary school of Taipei and New Delhi in the context of their values, beliefs, attitudes, and ideals of human rights education? (2) How is the pedagogy of human rights education of Social Science teachers of Taipei and Delhi put into practice? (3) What is taught in human rights education in the social science classrooms of Taipei and New Delhi intentionally and unintentionally? (4) What are the problems and obstacles faced by Social Science teachers during the process of teaching human rights? (5) Can there be a general pedagogy of human rights education, which can be applied across different educational settings? The issues are examined with two sets of three teachers of sixth grade and their classes in elementary schools of Taipei and New Delhi.
The findings of this study suggest that the agency of the teacher is crucial for successful implementation of HRE; that a teacher has to have passion and commitment for HR; that the rights of students as individuals must be respected by the teacher; that HRE must be context specific; that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights can be used as a universal standard to teach HR; and, finally, that the role of UN and national government is crucial. These two institutions provide with the framework and funding for HRE. Last, but not the least, the role of NGOs and INGOs is gaining importance by the day and that they need to expand their network, both vertically and horizontally.
參考文獻 A report on the six regional workshops on sexual exploitation and trafficking of children (1996). New Delhi: Department of Women and Child Development, MHRD, Government of India.
Aggarwal, J. C. (1989). Yearbook of Indian education 1988-1989: World overview. Delhi: Doaba House.
Aggarwal, J. C. (2001). Modern Indian education: History, development and problems. New Delhi: Shipra.
Agrawal, S. P. (Ed.). (1999). Development of education in India: Select documentation 1995-1997 (Vol. 5). New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.
Ahmad, I. (2000). Human rights education in India: Unresolved problems of perspective and pedagogy. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 43-49). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.
Ahmad, M. A. (1987). System of education in medieval India: 1526-1761 A. D. New Delhi: Panchsheel Publishers.
Akashi, I. (1999). Zendokyo and other groups: Teachers` commitment to Dowa education. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 99-104.
Akuzawa, M. (2007). Wither institutionalized human rights education? Review of the Japanese experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 175-184.
Almeida, J. (1999). Human rights education: The Justice and Peace Commission`s experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 124-127.
Altangerel, C. (2006). Human rights education in Mongolian schools: Present state and challenges. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 59-72.
Altekar, A. S. (1957). Education in Ancient India. Varanasi: Nand Kishor and Brothers.
Andreopoulos, G. J. (1997). Human rights education in the post-Cold War context. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 9-20). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Angell, A. V. (1991). Democratic climates in elementary classrooms: A review of theory and research. Theory and Research in Social Education, 19(3), 241-266.
Appleton, S. (1976, August). The social and political impact of Education in Taiwan. Asian Survey, 16(8), 703-720. Retrieved on June 23, 2007 from JSTOR.
Asano, M. (2000). School reform, human rights, and global education. Theory into Practice, 39(2), 104-110.
Ashton, D., Green, F., James, D., & Sung, J. (1999). Education and training for development in East Asia: The political economy of skill formation in East Asian newly industrialised economies. London: Routledge.
Atutubo, J. C. (1998). Inroads to the Philippine formal education system: The Jose W. Diokno Foundation experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 124-142.
Ayyar, R. V. V. (2005). What lessons can DPEP offer? Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 19(1), 49-65.
Bahar, S. (1999). Komnas HAM and human rights education. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 10-12.
Banks, J. A. (2004). Introduction: Democratic citizenship education in multicultural societies. In J. A. Banks (Ed.), Diversity and citizenship education: Global perspectives (pp. 3-15). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Basham, A. L. (2004). The wonder that was India. London: Picador.
Bastian, S. (1990). Political economy of ethnic violence in Sri Lanka: The July 1983 riots. In V. Das (Ed.), Communities, riots and survivors in South Asia (pp. 286-304). Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Basu, A. (1974). The growth of education and political development in India, 1898-1920. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Batra, P. (2006). Building on the National Curriculum Framework to enable the agency of teachers. Contemporary Education Dialogue, 4(1), 88-118.
Baxi, U. (1997). Human rights education: The promise of the third millennium? In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 142-154). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Bayly, S. (1999). The New Cambridge History of India: Cast, society and politics in India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Belen, S. (2003). Human rights education in Indonesian schools: An update. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 6, 27-37.
Berik, G. (2000). Mature export-led growth and gender wage inequality in Taiwan. Feminist Economics, 6(3), 1-26. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Berkey, J. (1992). The transmission of knowledge in medieval Cairo: A social history of Islamic education. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Best, F. (1991). Human rights education and teacher education. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp. 120-129). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.
Beteille, A. (2007 (July). The school and the community. Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 21(3), 191-201.
Billimoria, J., Kamania, K., & Ashtikar, S. (2001). MelJol: An Indian experiment. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 11-19.
Bobbett, P. (1991). Human rights education and non-governmental organizations: A variety of approaches. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenges of human rights education (pp. 219-231). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.
Bogard, W. (1989). The Bhapal tragedy: Language, logic, and politics in the production of a Hazard. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press.
Bolashetty, S. S., & Girija, L. L. (2004 (January)). Fundamental human right to free and compulsory elementary education in India: Origin, progress and present status. Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 18(1), 57-82.
Boli, J., & Thomas, G. M. (1997). World culture in the world polity: A century of international non-governmental organization. American Sociological Review, 62(2), 171-190. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from JSTORE database.
Bourne, R., Gundara, J., Dev, A., Ratsoma, N., Rukanda, M., Smith, A., et al. (1997). School-based understanding of human rights in four countries: A commonwealth study. London: Department for International Development.
Bryman, A. (2004). Social research methods. In (Second ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bureau of Education, India (1944). Post-war educational development in India: Report by the Central Advisory Board of Education. New Delhi: Government of India Press.
Carspecken, P. F. (1996). Critical Ethnography in educational research. New York: Routledge.
Carspecken, P. F., & Apple, M. W. (1992). Critical qualitative research, theory, method, and practice. In M. LeComte, W. Millroy & J. Preissley (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research in Education (pp. 507-554). San Diego, CA: Academic.
Carter, C., & Osler, A. (2000). Human rights, identities and conflict management: A study of school culture as experienced through classroom relationships. Cambridge Journal of Education, 30(3), 335-355. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Center for Law Related Education, Judicial Reform Foundation (2008). The Project of "Planting Seeds of Law-Related Education in Taiwan". Taipei: Center for Law-Related Education, Judicial Reform Foundation.
Chandra, B., Mukherjee, M., & Mukherjee, A. (2000). India after independence. New Delhi: Penguin Books.
Chandrasiri, D. M. (2001). Human rights education in government schools in Sri Lanka. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 21-23.
Chaube, S. P., & Chaube, A. (1997). Landmarks in modern Indian education. New Delhi: Himalaya Publishing House.
Chauhan, A. M., Dalangin, M., Santos, L., & Reyes, L. (2000). Philippines: Human rights education in Nueva Ecija. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 3(47-59).
Chen, P. (2004). Acting `Otherwise` the institutionalization of women`s/gender studies in Taiwan`s universities. New York: Routledge Falmer.
Chen, P. (2008). Strategic leadership and school reform in Taiwan. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 19(3), 293-318. Retrieved on September 10, 2008 from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09243450802332119
Chilcoat, G. W., & Ligon, J. A. (1994). Developing democratic citizens: The Mississippi freedom schools as a model for social studies instruction. Theory and Research in Social Education, 22(2), 128-175.
Chou, C. C. (2003). An emerging transnational movement in women`s human rights: Campaign of nongovernmental organizations on "Comfort Women" Issue in East Asia. Journal of Economic and Social Research, 5(1), 153-181. Retrieved on November 11, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Chou, C. P., & Ho, A.-H. (2007). Schooling in Taiwan. In G. A. Postiglione & J. Tan (Eds.), Going to school in East Asia (pp. 344-377). Westport: Greenwood Press.
Chou, P. M. (1999). The democratization of Taiwan`s social studies curricula: A study of teaching national identities. Michigan State University, Michigan.
Chu, Y. W. (1996, May). Democracy and organized labor in Taiwan: The 1986 transition. Asian Survey, 36(5), 495-510.
Chun, A. (1994, January). From nationalism to nationalizing: Cultural imagination and state formation in postwar Taiwan. The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, 31, 49-69.
Chyu, L. H. (1991). Secondary academic education. In D. C. Smith (Ed.), The Confucian continuum: Educational modernisation in Taiwan. New York: Prager.
Claude, R. P. (1996). Educating for human rights. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
Constitution of Republic of China. Retrieved on November 2, 2008. http://www.taiwan.com.au/Polieco/Government/Constitution/report02.html
Corcuff, S. (Ed.). (2002). Memories of the future: National identity issues and the search for a new Taiwan. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.
Cotton, E. R. E. (2006). Implementing curriculum guidance on environmental education: The importance of teachers` beliefs. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 38(1), 67-83. Retrieved on December 8, 2008 from Ebscohost database.
Council of Europe (2003). Adopted texts on education for democratic citizenship and human rights (revised version).
Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (1985). Council of Europe: On teaching and learning about human rights education in schools.
Dan, J. W. (2004). An empirical study on school teachers` understanding of human rights. Paper presented at the International conference on Human Rights Education, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Das, S. K. (1996). The educational system of the Ancient Hindus. New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House.
Dayal, V. (2000). Human rights and NHRC`s contribution. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 36-42). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.
Department of Education (2008). Status of Education and major achievements in Delhi: A quick report (updated). New Delhi.
Dev, A., Sharma, D., & Lahiry, D. (2007). Human rights education in Indian schools. New Delhi: Academic Excellence.
Devi, V. V. (2007). Institute of Human Rights Education: India experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 41-52.
Diallo, D. D. Reflections of a human rights educator. In L. H. Roskos & A. L. Humphrey (Eds.), Feminism, race, transnationalism (pp. 124-128). Indiana: Indiana University Press. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Dias, C. (1997). Human rights education as a strategy for development. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 51-63). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania press.
Dieter, M. (1994). Human rights and education: Conclusions from some Latin American experiences. Journal of Moral Education, 23(3), 239-250. Retrieved on November 20, 2008 from Academic Search Premier.
Dodson, M. S. (2010). Orientalism, empire, and national culture: India, 1770-1880. Delhi: Cambridge University Press New Delhi (repr. Foundation Books).
Dreze, J., Samson, M., & Singh, S. (1997). The dam and the nation: Displacement and resettlement in the Narmada valley. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Dye, P. (1991). Active learning for human rights in intermediate and high schools. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp. 105-119). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.
Education in the Republic of China (Taiwan) (2005). Taipei: Ministry of Education. Retrieved on November 2, 2008 from http://140.111.1.22/english/home_policy.htm
Edwardes, M. (1967). British India 1772-1947: A survey of the nature and effects of alien rule. London: Sidgwick & Jackson.
Ely-Yamin, A. (1993). Empowering visions: Toward a dialectical pedagogy of human rights. Human Rights Quarterly, 15(4), 640-685.
Encyclopedia Britannica. (2006) (2 ed., Vols. 8). Detroit: MacMillan an Imprint of Thomson Gale.
Entwistle, H. (1979). Antonio Gramsci: Conservative schooling for radical politics. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Evans, M. (2008). Citizenship education, pedagogy, and school contexts. In J. Arthur, I. Davies & C. Hahn (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of education for citizenship and democracy (pp. 519-532). Los Angeles: SAGE.
Flowers, N. (2003). What is human rights education? The Human Rights Education Handbook. Retrieved on November 2, 2008 from http://www.hrea.org/pubs/HREA-Research-in-HRE-Papers_issue1.pdf
Flowers, N., & Shiman, D. A. (1997). Teacher education and the human rights vision. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 161-175). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Fong, T. L. (2004). Research and construction on evaluation`s category and item for campus human rights milieu. Paper presented at the International Conference on Human Rights Education, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Foucault, M. (1979). Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (A. Sheridan, Trans.) New York: Vintage/Random House.
Freire, P. (1994). Pedagogy of Hope: Reliving pedagogy of the oppressed (R. R. Barr, Trans.). London: Continuum.
Freire, P. (1997). Education for critical consciousness. New York: Continuum.
Freire, P. (1998). Pedagogy of freedom: Ethics, Democracy, and civic courage (P. Clarke, Trans.). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Freire, P. (1998). Pedagogy of the oppressed (M. B. Ramos, Trans. Revised ed.). New York: Continuum.
Friedman, T. L. (2006). The world is flat: A brief history of the twenty first century. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Fritzsche, K. P. (2008). What do human rights mean for citizenship education? Journal of Social Science Education, 6(2), 40-49. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Gadotti, M. (1996). Pedagogy of praxis: A dialectical philosophy of education (J. Milton, Trans.). Albany: State University of New York.
Gellner, E. (1983). Nations and nationalism. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Ghosh, S. C. (2001). History of education in medieval India: 1192 A. D.-1757 A. D. Delhi: Originals.
Giddens, A. (1979). Central problems in social theory: Action, structure, and contradiction in social analysis. London: Macmillan.
Giroux, H. (1992). Border crossings: Cultural workers and the politics of education. New York: Routledge.
Government of India (1988). National policy on education—1986. New Delhi: Ministry of Human Resource Development.
Greene, M. (1973). Teacher as stranger: Educational Philosophy for the modern age. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc.
Guha, R. (2007). India after Gandhi: The history of the world`s largest democracy. NY: HarperCollins Publishers.
Hayashi, S.-I. (2003). Human Hights Education Network: Japan experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 6, 69-74.
Heater, D. (1991). The curriculum jigsaw and human rights education. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenges of human rights education (pp. 235-244). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.
Henry, J. (1972). Culture Against Man. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
Heon, W. (1999). Human rights education in Korea. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 68-72.
Hicks, D. (1997). Conflict resolution and human rights education. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 80-95). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania press.
Hornberg, S. (2002). Human rights education as an integral part of general education. International Review of Education, 48(3/4), 187-198. Retrieved on September 23, 2008 from JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3445360
Hsia, H. C. (1997). The trade of women body: Taiwan/Indonesia foreign bride analysis. The Journal of South-East Asia Study, 2, 72-83.
Hsia, H. C. (2007). Imaged and imagined threat to the nation: The media constrution of the `foreign brides phenomenon` as social problems in Taiwan. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 8(1), 55-85. Retrieved on November 11, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Hsieh, C.-M. (1964). Taiwan: Ilha Formosa. Washington: Butterworths.
Hsieh, J., & Ryden SJ, E. (2006). Human rights education in Taiwan. In E. Ryden S.J. & B. K. Bundy (Eds.), Human rights in the Pacific Rim: Imagining a new critical discourse (pp. 139-161). Taiwan: Fujen Catholic University.
Hsu, C. C. (2004). Human rights education in compulsory education: A comparative study among five countries. Paper presented at the International conference on Human Rights Education, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Huang, M. (2006/March). Human rights in Taiwan: Current situation and future challenges. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 9, 73-81.
Hughes, C. (1997). Taiwan and Chinese nationalism: National identity and status in international society. New York: Routledge.
Hughes, C., & Stone, R. (1999). Nation building and curriculum reform in Hong Kong and Taiwan. The China Quarterly, 160, 977-991. Retrieved on June 27, 2007 from JSTOR.
Human rights reports: India (2009). U.S.A: Bureau of Democracy on Human Rights, and Labor. file:///G:/HR%20in%20India/2008%20Human%20Rights%20Reports%20India.htm
Human Rights USA. (1997). Report card on human rights in the USA. Washington, DC: Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc. for Human Rights USA.
Jaffar, S. M. (1936). Education in Muslim India: (1000-1800 A. C.). Peshawar.
Jain, M. (2004/Spring). Civics, citizenship and human rights: Civics discourse in India. Contemporary Education Dialogue, 1(2), 165-198.
Jones, T. S. (2006). Combining conflict resolution education and human rights education: Thoughts for school-based peace education. Journal of Peace Education 3(2), 187-208.
Justice and Peace Commission (1998). Human rights education in schools: A response by the Documentation, Research and Training Centre. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 91-106.
Justice and Peace Commission (2007). Human rights education in schools and colleges. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 59-61.
Kang, S.-W. (1999). Human rights education in South Korea. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 61-67.
Kaul, J. N. (1974). Higher education in India: 1951-71 two decades of planned drift. Simla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study Simla.
Kaushik, P. D. (2007). Women`s rights: Access to justice. New Delhi: Bookwell.
Kepenekci, Y. K. (2005). A study of effectiveness of human rights education in Turkey. Journal of Peace Education, 2(1), 53-68.
Kickbusch, K. W. (1987). Civic education and preservice educators: Extending the boundaries of discourse. Theory and Research in Social Education, 15(3), 173-188.
Kincheloe, J. L. (2005). Critical pedagogy. New York: Peter Lang.
Kirman, J. M. (2004). Using the theme of bullying to teach about human rights in the social studies curriculum. McGill Journal of Education, 39(3), 327-342.
Knapp, R. G. (2007). The shaping of Taiwan`s landscapes. In M. A. Rubinstein (Ed.), Taiwan: A new history (pp. 3-26). Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.
Koenig, S. (1997). Forward. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Kothari, D. S. (1966). Education and national development. New Delhi: Ministry of Education, Government of India.
Kothari, R. (2000). Human rights education: Two pedagogies. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 21-27). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.
Kothari, V. N. (2004). Challenge of universalization of elementary education in India. Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 18(3), 363-378.
Krain, M., & Nurse, A. M. (2004, February). Teaching human rights through service learning. Human Rights Quarterly, 26(1), 189-207. Retrieved on November 2, 2008 from Academic Research Library.
Krishnasamy, K. S. (2009). Organizational basis of human rights. In C. J. Nirmal (Ed.), Human rights in India: Historical, social and political perspectives (pp. 187-210). New Delhi: Institute of Indian and International Studies, Oxford University Press.
Kurvey, B. (1999). Human rights education in India: Needs and future actions Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 128-132.
Lamley, H. J. (2007). Taiwan under Japanese rule, 1895-1945. In M. A. Rubinstein (Ed.), Taiwan: A new history (pp. 201-260). Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.
Lan, P. C. (2006). Global Cinderellas: Migrant domestics and newly rich employers in Taiwan. Durham: Duke University Press.
Lan, P. C. (2008). Migrant women`s bodies as boundary markers: Reproductive crisis and sexual control in the ethnic frontiers of Taiwan. Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 33(4), 833-861. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Law, N. N. (1916). Promotion of learning in India: During Muhammadan rule (By Muhammadans). New York: Longmans, Green and Co.
Law, W. W. (2002). Education reform in Taiwan: A search for a `national` identity through democratization and Taiwanisation. Compare, 32(1), 61-81. Retrieved on June 28, 2007 from Ebscohost database.
Lawson, E. (Ed.). (1991). Encyclopedia of Human Rights. New York: Taylor & Francis Inc.
Lee, M. J. (2000). Korea: Improving human rights education in schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 3, 9-15.
Lew, J. F. (1976, May/June). Education in Taiwan: Trends and problems. Asian Affairs, 3(5), 314-325. Retrieved on March 12, 2007 from ProQuest.
Lin, C. C. (2003, May/June). Political indoctrination in the curriculum during four periods of elementary school education in Taiwan. The Social Studies, 134-138.
Lin, C. F. (2007/March). Student rights and human rights education--Taiwan`s experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 73-83.
Lohrenscheit, C. (2002). International approaches in human rights. International Review of Education, 48(3-4), 173-185.
Longstreet, W. S. (1985). Citizenship: The phantom core of social studies curriculum. Theory and Research in Social Education, 13(2), 21-29.
Losaria, N. L. (1998). The human rights education program of the department of education, culture and sports (DECS) of the Philippines. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 153-159.
Loveband, A. (2004). Positioning the product: Indonesian migrant women workers in Taiwan. Journal of Contemporary Asia 34(3), 336-348.
Lu, C. Y. (2002). Politics of foreign labor policy in Taiwan. JAAS, 35(1), 113-131. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Lucas, P. (2008). Human rights films seeding peace education: Case study Brazil. 107-123. Retrieved on September 23, 2009 from Education Research Complete.
Lyseight-Jones, P. (1991). Human rights in primary education. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp.73-89). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.
Magendzo, A. (2005). Pedagogy of human rights education: A Latin American perspective. Intercultural Education, 16(2), 137-143.
Magsino, R. (1987). The rights of parents, students, and teachers in Canada and the Philippines. In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education (pp. 155-172). Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Masemann, V. L., & Iram, Y. (1987). The right to education for multicultural development: Canada and Israel. In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education (pp. 101-119). Oxford: Pergamon Press.
McCulloch, G., & Crook, D. (2008). The Routledge International Encyclopedia of Education. London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
McLaren, P. (1995). Critical pedagogy and predatory culture: Oppositional politics in a postmodern era. London: Routledge.
McLaughlin, T. H., & Juceviciene, P. (1997). Education, democracy and the formation of national identity. In D. Bridges (Ed.), Education, autonomy and democratic citizenship: Philosophy in a changing world (pp. 23-35). London: Routledge.
McLeod, K. (1991). Human rights and multiculturalism in Canadian schools. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp. 164-188). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.
Meintjes, G. (1997). Human rights education as empowerment: Reflections on pedagogy. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 64-79). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania press.
MelJol Team (1998). MelJol: Hum bacchon ka. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 82-90.
Mihr, A. (2004). Human rights education: Methods, institutions, culture and evaluation. Magdeburg: Institut für Politikwissenschaft, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität.
Ministry of Education (2003). Human rights education: Promotion and cultivation. Taipei: Ministry of Education.
Mirza, N. B. (2000). Education and human rights. In H. Talesra, N. Pancholy & M. L. Nagda (Eds.), Human rights education: A global perspective (pp. 218-229). New Delhi: Regency Publications.
Mushakoji, K. (1998). What should human rights education aim at in Japan? Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 162-169.
Myers, R. H. (1996, December). A new Chinese civilization: The evolution of the Republic of China on Taiwan. The China Quarterly, 48(Special Issue: Contemporary Taiwan), 1072-1090. Retrieved on February 3, 2010 from JSTOR.
Nabeshima, Y., Akuzawa, M., Hayashi, S., & Park, K. (2000). Japan: Human rights education in schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 3, 23-36.
Nair, P. M. (2004). A report on trafficking in women and children in India 2002-2003 (vol-I). New Delhi: Institute of Social Sciences, National Human Rights Commission, UNIFEM.
National Curriculum Framework (2005). New Delhi: National Council of Educational Research and Training.
National Human Rights Commission (2004). Know your rights. New Delhi: National Human Rights Commission in collaboration with the National Academy of Legal Studies and Research University, Hyderabad.
National University of Educational Planning and Administration (2007). Education in India New Delhi: Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.
Nayak, P. (2000). Human rights education in perspective. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 85-101). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.
NCERT (1988). Education for international understanding and human rights: Sample curriculum and teaching units. New Delhi: National Council of Educational Research and Training.
NCERT (1991). International education 1974 recommendation concerning education for international understanding, cooperation and peace and education relating to human rights and fundamental freedoms: A report of the study of implementation in India. New Delhi: National Council of Educational Research and Training.
Neary, I. (2002). Human rights in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Nehru, J. (1946). The discovery of India. New York: The John Day Company.
O`Brien, E. (1999). We must integrate human rights into the social studies. Social Education, 63(3), 171-176. Retrieved on August 7, 2009 from ProQuest Education Journals.
Ogundare, S. F. (1993). Human rights orientation of prospective social studies teachers in Nigeria. Social Studies, 84(6). Retrieved on August 13, 2009 from Academic Search Complete.
Oka, D. (1999). Human rights education in Indonesian primary schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 185-197.
Okazaki, Y. (1999). Human rights education and the Osaka City Education Board. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 154-157.
Oldendorf, S. B. (1989). Vocabularies, knowledge and social action in citizenship education: The Highlander example. Theory and Research in Social Education, 17(2), 107-120.
Oliner, P. (1983). Putting community into citizenship education: The need for prosociality. Theory and Research in Social Education, 11(2), 65-81.
Orlin, T. S. (1998). On human rights education. Utica, NY: Utica College.
Osaka Prefectural Kunijima High School (1998). Human rights education in Kunijima high school. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 24-35.
Osler, A. (2008a). Human rights education: The foundation of education for democratic citizenship in our global age. In J. Arthur, I. Davies & C. Hahn (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of education for citizenship and democracy (pp. 455-518). Los Angeles: SAGE.
Osler, A. (2008b). Citizenship education and the Ajegbo report: Re-imagining a cosmopolitan nation. London Review of Education, 6(1), 11-25. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Osler, A., & Starkey, H. (1994). Fundamental issues in teacher education for human rights: A European perspective. Journal of Moral Education, 23(3), 349-359. Retrieved on November 20, 2008 from Academic Search Premier.
Osler, A., & Starkey, H. (1999). Rights, identities and inclusion: European action programmes as political education. Oxford Review of Education, 25(1&2), 199-215.
Osler, A., & Vincent, K. (2002). Citizenship and the challenge of global education. Stoke on Trent, UK: Trentham Books.
Panda, P. (2001). Human rights education in Indian schools: Curriculum development. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 85-96.
Park, B. O. (1999). How to use human rights education: How to implement it. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 73-83.
Pawar, N. G. (2004). Development of educational system in India. Jaipur: Book Enclave.
Perumal, J. (2008). Student resistance to and teacher normalisation of radical ideologies. The International Journal of Learning, 15(1), 211-224. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from ERIC database.
Pinto, A. (2000). A pedagogy for human rights education. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 50-62). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.
Pomeranz, K. (2003). Women`s work, family, and economic development in Europe and East Asia: Long-term trajectories and contemporary comparisons. In G. Arrighi, T. Hamashita & M. Selden (Eds.), The Resurgence of East Asia: 500, 150 and 50 year perspectives (pp. 124-172). London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Ramirez, F. O., Suarez, D., & Meyer, J. W. (2006). The worldwide rise of human rights education. In A. Benavot & C. Braslavsky (Eds.), School knowledge in comparative and historical perspective: Changing curricula in primary and secondary education (pp. 35-52). Hong Kong: Comparative Education Research Centre and Springer.
Ramirez, G. (2006). Emerging rights. Journal of Social Science Education, 1. Retrieved on January 10, 2010 from http://www.jsse.org/2006-1/ramirez_hre.htm#kap1
Rawat, P. L. (1970). History of Indian education (6th ed.). Agra: Ram Prasad & Sons.
Reardon, B. A. (1995). Educating for human dignity: Learning about rights and responsibilities. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Reardon, B. A. (1997). Human rights as education for peace. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 21-34). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Reardon, B. A. (2002). Human rights and the global campaign for peace education. International Review of Education, 48(3-4), 283-284.
Report of the Secretary-General. (1997). United Nations Decade for Human Rights Education (1995-2004) and public information activities in the field of human rights. Retrieved August 14, 2009, from United Nations website.
Rinchin, N. (2000). Mongolia: Human rights education in schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 3, 17-22.
Rosenthal, F. (1970). Knowledge triumphant: The concept of knowledge in medieval Islam. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
Roy, D. (2003). Taiwan: A Political History. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Rubinstein, M. A. (2007). Taiwan`s socioeconomic modernization, 1971-1996. In M. A. Rubinstein (Ed.), Taiwan: A new History (pp. 366-402). Armonk, New York: An East Gate Book, M.E.Sharpe.
Sadli, S. (1998). Notes on human rights education in schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 122-123.
Sadli, S., Wignosoebroto, S., & Belen, S. (1999). The state of human rights education in Indonesian schools: Developing a model. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 13-28.
Schafer, M. J. (1999). International nongovernmental organizations and third World education in 1990: A cross national study Sociology of Education, 72(2), 69-88. Retrieved on October 23, 2009 from JSTOR database.
Scharfe, H. (2002). Education in ancient India. Leiden: Brill.
Sebaly, K. (1987). Education about human rights: Teacher preparation. In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education (pp. 207-216). Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Sen, A. (1999). Development as freedom. New York: Anchor Books.
Shafer, S. M. (1987). Human rights education in schools. In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education (pp. 191-204). Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Sharma, R. (2006). History of Indian education. Gurgaon: Shubhi Publications.
Sharma, R. S. (2005). India`s ancient past. New Delhi: Oxford.
Sheila launches `no child labour` logo: Amid protests over conduct of two Ministers for their alleged role in engaging child labour (2009, November, 21). The Hindu, p. 4.
Shiman, D. (1991). Teaching human rights: Classroom activities for a global age. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp. 189-204). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.
Shiman, D. A., & Fernekes, W. R. (1999 March/April). The Holocaust, human rights, and democratic citizenship education. The Social Studies, 53-62. Retrieved on October 7, 2008 from Ebscohost database.
Shirur, P., & Shirur, S. (2007). Education, child labour and NGOs. Delhi: Shipra Publications.
Shotton, J. R. (1998). Learning and freedom: Policy, pedagogy and paradigms. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Sibal, K. (2010, April 1). Joining hands in the interest of children. The Hindu, p. 10.
Siddiqi, F. E., & Ranganathan, S. (2001). Handbook on women and human rights: A guide for social activists (part-I). New Delhi: Kanishka Publishers.
Sikand, Y. (2005). Bastions of the believers: Madrasas and Islamic education in India. New Delhi: Penguin Books.
Singh, L. (1998). The national initiative on human rights education in schools and the role of National Human Rights Commission. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1(1), 76-81.
Skutsch, C. (2001). Taiwan. In J. R. Lewis & C. Skutsch (Eds.), The human rights encyclopedia: Sharpe Reference.
Sliwinski, S. (2005). Thinking without banisters: Toward a compassionate inquiry into human rights education. Educational Theory, 55(2), 219-230. Retrieved on September 16, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Smith, A. D. (1991). National identity. Reno, Las Vegas: University of Nevada Press.
Social and Political Life-I (2007). New Delhi: National Council of Educational Research and Training.
Sophocles (1947). The Theban plays (E. Watling, Trans.). Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Soto, J. U. (2001). A Philippine response to the United Nations Decade for human rights education. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 25-35.
Stafford, C. (1992, June). Good sons and virtuous mothers: Kinship and Chinese nationalism in Taiwan. Man, 27(2), 363-378. Retrieved on June 23, 2007 from JSTOR.
Starkey, H. (1992). Teaching for social responsibility. In J. Lynch, C. Modgil & S. Modgil (Eds.), Cultural diversity and the schools: human rights, education and global responsibility (Vol. 4). London: Falmer.
Starkey, H. (Ed.). (1991). The challenge or human rights education. London: Cassell, Council of Europe.
Stobart, M. (1991). Forward. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education. London: Cassell, Council of Europe.
Su, Y. C. (2007). Ideological representations of Taiwan`s history: An analysis of elementary social studies textbooks, 1978-1995. Curriculum Inquiry, 37(3), 205-237. Retrieved on February 12, 2009 from Academic Search Premier http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25802321&site=ehost-live
Suarez, D. (2007). Education professionals and the construction of human rights education. Comparative Education Review, 51(1), 48-70. Retrieved September 23, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Taiwan Association for Human Rights (2008). Introduction to the Taiwan Association for Human Rights. Taipei: TAHR.
Tang, M. Y. (1999/March). Human rights education in Taiwan: The experience of the workshops for schoolteachers. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 158-168.
Tankha, M. (2009, November 14). Making Delhi safe for women: Bid to make the Capital secure ahead of Commonwealth Games. The Hindu, p. 2.
Tarrow, N. B. (Ed.). (1987). Human rights and education. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Thakur, P. (1998). Legal policies and frameworks for human rigths education in India. In K. J. S. Chatrath (Ed.), Education for human rights and democracy (pp. 48-59). Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, Shimla: UNESCO.
Thapar, R. (2001). Ásoka and the decline of the Mauryas (Fifth ed.). New Delhi: Oxford.
Thapar, R. (2002). Early India: From the origins to AD 1300. London: Allen Lane an imprint of Penguin Books.
The Constitution of India (1996). (4th ed.). New Delhi: Ministry of Law & Justice.
The Hutchinson Encyclopedia. (1994) (10 ed.). London: Helicon Publishing.
The policy on women in Taiwan (2001). Taiwan: Foundation of Equal Rights and Advancement of Women in Taiwan.
The Right to Development: A primer (2004). New Delhi: Centre for Development and Human Rights & SAGE Publications.
Tibbitts, F. (1994). Human rights education in schools in the post-communist context. European Journal of Education, 29(4). Retrieved on September 22, 2009 from www.hrea.org
Tibbitts, F. (2002). Understanding what we do: Emerging models for human rights education. International Review of Education, 48(3-4), 159-171.
Tibbitts, F. (2004a). A broad definition of human rights allows for more flexibility in curricular design. Fourth R, 14(1).
Tibbitts, F. (2004b). Formal human rights education: Human rights education in school curricula. Retrieved on November 2, 2008 from http://www.hrea.org/index.php?base_id=301
Tibbitts, F. (2005). Literature review on outcomes of school-based programs related to "Learning To Live Together": UNESCO: International Bureau of Education.
Tibbitts, F. (Ed.) (2008) Encyclopedia of Peace Education. Teachers College, Columbia University. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database http://www.tc.edu/centers/epe/
Tiwari, A. (2004). Human rights education: Role of teaching and training institutions. The Indian Journal of Social Work, 65(3), 423-445.
Torney-Purta, J. (1987). Human rights and education viewed in a comparative framework: Synthesis and conclusions (pp.223-233). In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Tsai, C. T., & Bridges, D. (1997). Moral piety, nationalism and democratic education: Curriculum innovation in Taiwan. In D. Bridges (Ed.), Education, autonomy and democratic citizenship: Philosophy in a changing world (pp. 36-47). London: Routledge.
Tsurumi, E. P. (1977). Japanese colonial education in Taiwan, 1895-1945. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
UNESCO. (1979). UNESCO international congress on teaching of human rights: Final draft. Universal Human Rights, 1(3), 89-99.
United Nations. (1948). Universal declaration of human rights. http://www.hri.ca/uninfo/treaties/1.shtml
United Nations. (1999). The right to human rights education: A compilation of provisions of international and regional instruments dealing with human rights education. New York and Geneva: UN.
Vergara, A. C., & Estevez, J. V. (1994). Justice, impunity and the transition to democracy: A challenge for human rights education. Journal of Moral Education, 23(3), 273-284.
Wang, H. Z. (2007). Hidden spaces of resistance of the subordinated: Case studies from Vietnamese female migrant partners in Taiwan. International Migration Review, 41(3), 706-727. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Wang, H. Z., & Bélanger, D. (2008). Taiwanizing female immigrant spouses and materializing differential citizenship. Citizenship Studies 12(191-106).
Weiming, T. (Dec. 1996). Cultural identity and the politics of recognition in contemporary Taiwan. The China Quarterly, 148(Special Issue), 1115-1140. Retrieved on June 23, 2007 from JSTOR.
Wills, J. J. E. (2007). The seventeenth-century transformation: Taiwan under the Dutch and the Cheng regime. In M. A. Rubinstein (Ed.), Taiwan: A new history (pp. 84-106). Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.
Winter, H. J. J. (2004). Science. In A. L. Basham (Ed.), A cultural history of India (Eighth ed., pp. 141-161). New Delhi: Oxford.
Wong, J. (2003). Deepening Democracy in Taiwan. Pacific Affairs, 76(2), 235-256. Retrieved on November 11, 2009 from JSTOR. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40024392
Wood, G. H. (1985). Education for democratic participation: Democratic values and the nuclear freeze campaign. Theory and Research in Social Education, 12(4), 39-56.
World conference on human rights. (1993). Vienna declaration and program of action. Retrieved on September 22, 2009, from United Nations website.
Wragg, E. C. (1999). An introduction to classroom observation (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.
Wu, C. T. (1989). The school teachers` role in an open society. Journal of Elementary Education, 2, 1-22.
Yadav, R. K. (1978). Teaching about human rights. In R. P. Khokalia (Ed.), Essays on human rights in India (pp. 8-10). Varanasi: Banaras Hindu University.
Yang, Y. M., & Want, H. H. (2003). Life and health concerns of Indonesian women in transnational marriages in Taiwan. Journal of Nursing Research, 11(3), 167-175. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.
Yeban, F. I. (2001). The human rights education situation in Sri Lanka. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 97-105.
Yee, A. C. (2001, March). Constructing a native consciousness: Taiwan literature in the 20th century. The China Quarterly, 165, 83-101. Retrieved on June 23, 2007 from JSTOR.
Zhang, W. B. (2003). Taiwan`s modernization Americanization and modernizing Confucian manifestations. New Jersey: World Scientific.
描述 博士
國立政治大學
教育研究所
95152520
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095152520
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 鄭同僚<br>馮朝霖zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Cheng, Tung Liao<br>Fong, Tsao Linen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 安尹若zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Anamikaen_US
dc.creator (作者) 安尹若zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Anamikaen_US
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 5-Oct-2011 14:53:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 5-Oct-2011 14:53:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Oct-2011 14:53:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095152520en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51420-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 教育研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95152520zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 教育,是透過學生持續社會化的過程而形塑社會的重要機制。教育,為未來世代參與社會變遷預作了準備,並有助於社會發展。尤有甚者,教育使學生們意識到他們的權利。我們可以在各個教育階段裡引入人權教育。但是,小學階段的社會科教育對青少年的人權概念發展是具有決定性意義的。對此階段的學生而言,教師的引導以及人權教育的教學對清楚理解人權概念是相當關鍵的。針對教導學生深思熟慮的方法、人道與明智的價值、理性與批判的思考,人權教育教學可以是有助益且有效途徑。因此,本研究目的是在人權教育的脈絡下,評估社會科教師並探究他們的教學法。而本研究之研究問題是:(1)台北與新德里小學社會科教師在他們人權教育的價值、信念、態度與觀念脈絡下,理解人權教育教學的方式為何?(2)台北與新德里小學社會科教師在人權教育的教學實踐為何?(3)在台北與新德里小學社會科教室中,有意與無意的教學內容為何?(4)在人權教學的過程中,台北與新德里小學社會科教師所面臨的難題與阻礙為何?(5)可能存在一種可以應用在不同教育背景的普遍性人權教育教學嗎?因此,本研究針對台北與新德里小學,分別進行兩組各三位六年級教師及其班級的探究。
本研究發現,教師是人權教育成功實行的重要關鍵。教師必須對人權有熱情與承諾;教師必須尊重學生做為個體的權利;人權教育必須有情境脈絡的特殊性;《世界人權宣言》可以做為人權教學的普遍標準;此外,聯合國與國家政府的角色亦關係重大,因為他們提供人權教育結構與資金。最後,值得一提的是NGOs 與INGOs 的角色越來越重要,他們有必要在橫向與縱向上拓展他們的網絡。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Education is an important institution that shapes our society through continuous socialization of pupils. It prepares future generations to participate in social change and contributes to society’s development. Moreover, it makes pupils aware of their rights. Human rights education can be introduced at all levels of education. The elementary level Social Science education is crucial for the development of the concept of human rights among adolescents. For the pupils of this age group, the guidance of teacher and the pedagogy of human rights education are critical for a clear understanding of the concept. The pedagogy of human rights education can be a useful and effective way of inculcating deliberative methods, humane and judicious values, and rational and critical thinking among pupils. The present study is an attempt to assess social science teachers and explore their pedagogy in the context of human rights education. The issues that the present research intends to raise are: (1) How the pedagogy of human rights education is perceived by Social Science teachers of the elementary school of Taipei and New Delhi in the context of their values, beliefs, attitudes, and ideals of human rights education? (2) How is the pedagogy of human rights education of Social Science teachers of Taipei and Delhi put into practice? (3) What is taught in human rights education in the social science classrooms of Taipei and New Delhi intentionally and unintentionally? (4) What are the problems and obstacles faced by Social Science teachers during the process of teaching human rights? (5) Can there be a general pedagogy of human rights education, which can be applied across different educational settings? The issues are examined with two sets of three teachers of sixth grade and their classes in elementary schools of Taipei and New Delhi.
The findings of this study suggest that the agency of the teacher is crucial for successful implementation of HRE; that a teacher has to have passion and commitment for HR; that the rights of students as individuals must be respected by the teacher; that HRE must be context specific; that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights can be used as a universal standard to teach HR; and, finally, that the role of UN and national government is crucial. These two institutions provide with the framework and funding for HRE. Last, but not the least, the role of NGOs and INGOs is gaining importance by the day and that they need to expand their network, both vertically and horizontally.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents List of Content

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………I
Abstract (Mandarin)………………………………………………………………….......III
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………..V
List of Content………………………………………………………………………......VII
List of Abbreviation………………………………………………………………….XVIII

Chapter 1: Evolution of Human Rights, Human Rights Education and Teachers as an
Agent of Change……………………………………………………………….1
1.1 Worldwide Status of Human Rights Education…………………………...2
1.2 Human Rights Education in Taiwan……………………………………...14
1.3 Human Rights Education in India…………………………………..........15
1.4 Why Social Science Teachers…………………………………………....15
1.5 Research Questions……………………………………………………....16
1.6 Purpose and Significance of Study………………………………………17
1.7 Scheme of Chapters………………………………………………………18

Chapter 2: Pedagogy of Human Rights Education: A Survey of Literature…….............20
Introduction………………………………………………………………….20
2.1 Universal Declaration of Human Rights…………………………………21
2.2 Definition of Human Rights……………………………………………...23
2.3 Human Rights Education and Fulfillment of Human Rights…………….24
2.3.1 What is Human Rights Education?................................................26
2.4 Three Agencies of HRE: UN and National Governments, NGOs &
INGOs, and Academicians………………………………………………27
2.5 On Pedagogy……………………………………………………………..37
2.6 A Word on Critical or Radical Pedagogy………………………………..39
2.7 Teacher and Pedagogy of Human Rights Education…………………….40
2.8 Teaching Human Rights…………………………………………………50
2.8.1 Guidelines for Teaching Human Right Education-UNESCO…...51
2.9 Goals, Objectives and Content of Human Rights Education…………….53
2.10 Approaches and Models of Human Rights Education………………….55
2.10.1 Holistic Values Approach………………………………………56
2.10.2 Historical Approach…………………………………………….57
2.10.3 An International Standards and Institutions Approach…………59
2.10.4 Reconstructionist Approach…………………………………….59
2.10.5 Service Learning Approach…………………………………….60
2.10.6 Value Awareness Model………………………………………..61
2.10.7 Accountability Model…………………………………………..62
2.10.8 Transformational Model………………………………………..62
2.11 Human Rights Education: Part of Social Science or Independent
Discipline or Integrated into School Curriculum………………………63
2.12 Human Rights Education and Adolescents……………………………..66
2.12.1 Human Rights Education and Prospective Teacher Education
and In-Service Program………………………………………69
2.13 Challenges for Human Rights Education………………………………72

Chapter 3: Methodology and Research Design…..……………………………………...76
3.1 Personal Ideological Standing and Becoming a Researcher……………..76
3.2 Research Design…………………………………………………………77
3.3 Critical Qualitative Research Method……………………………...........79
3.3.1 Critical Epistemology………………………………………….79
3.3.2 Research Questions……………………………………………81
3.4 Stage I: Compiling Primary Record……………………………..............82
3.4.1 The Procedure of Compilation of Primary and Secondary Data 83
3.5 Stage II: Preliminary Reconstructive Analysis…………………………..89
3.6 Stage III: Dialogical Data Generation…………………….……………..92
3.7 Stage IV: Describing System Relations……………………….................95
3.8 Stage V: System Relations as Explanation of Findings……….................96
3.9 A Note on Data Collection……………………………………………….97
3.10 Procedure of Selection of Schools in Taipei and New Delhi and Some
Extraordinary Research Experiences………………………………….100
3.11 Micro Research Settings: Schools in Taipei and New Delhi………….104
3.11.1 School in Taipei……………………………………………..104
3.11.2 School in New Delhi………………………………………...106
3.12 Observation Schedule…………………………………………………110
3.13 Observation Procedure………………………………………………..111
3.14 A Note on the Procedure of Validity Check………………………….112
Chapter 4: Pedagogy of Human Rights Education and Social Science
Teacher in the Elementary School of Taipei……………………………….115
4.1 Landscape and People…………………………………………………115
4.2 Literacy, Education and Knowledge in Taiwan: A Historical
Overview………………………………………………………………116
4.2.1 Dutch Rule (1624-1662)……………………………………..117
4.2.2 Japanese Colonial Rule and Education (1895-1945)…………118
4.2.3 Education under the ROC and Martial Law (1949-1987)……120
4.2.3.1 National Spirit Education, Identity and Sinicization…...123
4.2.3.1.1 Meilidao or Kaohsiung Incident………….128
4.2.4 Lee Teng-Hui Period (1987-2000)……………………………131
4.2.5 Education in a New Phase of Taiwanese Democracy
(2000 to Present)……………………………………………...134
4.3 Educational Reform…………………………………………………….134
4.3.1 Basic Education Law (1999)……………………………….....135
4.3.2 ROC: Republic of Creativity………………………................136
4.4 Philosophical & Constitutional bases of Taiwanese Education………..137
4.5 Confucianism and HRE………………………………………………...138
4.6 Education System……………………………………………….............139
4.6.1 Pre-school Education or Kindergarten………………………..139
4.6.2 Nine-Year Compulsory Education……………………………139
4.6.3 Senior Secondary Education………………………………….140
4.6.4 Higher Education……………………………………………..141 4.7 HRE in Taiwan………………………………………………………….141
4.7.1 Workshop on HRE……………………………………………143
4.7.2 National and International Conferences on HRE……………..144
4.7.3 MOE and HRE………………………………………………..145
4.8 Organizational and Institutional Development in HRE………………...149
4.8.1 HRE Committee of MOE…………………………………….149
4.8.2 Centre for Law Related Education, Judicial Reform
Education……………………………………………………..150
4.8.3 Taiwan Association of Human Rights (TAHR)………………151
4.8.4 Chang Fo-Chuan Centre for the Study of Human Rights…….152
4.9 HRE in Taiwan: A Part of Social Science or an Independent
Discipline or Integrated into School Curriculum? ................................153
4.10 Social Science Teachers and HRE in Taipei School…………………155
4.11 Zhang, Zhen-Zhen: An Introduction…………………........................156
4.11.1 Why Teaching? .........................................................156
4.11.2 Teaching: A Means not an End……………………..158
4.11.3 Role of Familial Support ……………………….......158
4.11.4 Role of Colleagues…………………………………..160
4.11.5 Zhang’s Perception of HR and HRE………………..161
4.11.6 Pedagogy of HRE: Zhang’s Praxis………………….162
4.11.7 Zhang as a Learner, Facilitator,
Observer, Mediator and Moderator………………….163
4.11.8 Zhang with Students ………………………………..165
4.11.9 Zhang and Information Technology ………………..166
4.11.10 Pedagogy of HRE: Problems and Challenges….......168
4.12 Ma, Ai-Mei: An Introduction …………………………………………171
4.12.1 Ma on Teaching……………………………………..172
4.12.2 Ma’s Perception of HR and HRE …………………...173
4.12.3 Pedagogy of HRE: Ma’s Praxis …………………….176
4.12.4 Ma and her Students ………………………………..181
4.1.2.5 Pedagogy of HRE: Problems and Challenges ……..183
4.12.6 Taiwanese Society ………………………………….183
4.12.7 Taiwanese Education System ………………………184
4.12.8 Knowledge base of HR……………………………...186
4.13 Xie, Mei-Zhen: An Introduction………………………………………187
4.13.1 Xie on Teaching Profession…………………………188
4.13.2 Xie on HR and HRE ……………..............................192
4.13.3 Xie’s Pedagogy of HRE .……………………………194
4.13.4 “Alien” Becoming Local…………………………….194
4.13.5 Multimedia: Concretization of HRE...........................196
4.13.6 Critical Thinking: A Vehicle of HR…………………198
4.13.7 Xie with her Students………………………………..200
4.13.8 HRE: Problems and Challenge….…………………..202
4.13.9 Overprotective Taiwanese Parents…………………..202
4.13.10 Alien Nature of HR………………………………...204

Chapter 5: Pedagogy of Human Rights Education and Social Science Teacher
in the Elementary School of New Delhi………...………………………….205 5.1 Landscape and People .......……………………………………………..205
5.2 Literacy, Education and Knowledge in India: A Historical Overview…206

5.3 Education in Ancient India …………………………………………….206

5.4 Medieval Indian Education……………………………………………..211

5.5 Education in Colonial India…………………………………………….213

5.6 Nationalist Vision of Indian Education…………………………………216

5.7 Gokhale‘s Bill ………………………………………………………….217

5.8 Gandhi and his Basic Education………………………………………..218

5.9 Education in Independent India ………………………………………..220

5.10 Education & National Development:
Education Commission 1964-1966………………………..…………..221
5.11 National Policy on Education (1986)………………………………….222

5.12 Institutions, Organizations and Implementation of Education Policy...224

5.13 Central Advisory Board of Education………………………………....225

5.14 National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT)…..225

5.15 State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)….…...225

5.16 Educational Structure………….………………………………………226

5.16.1 Pre-primary stage (3-5 years)………………………..226

5.16. 2 Elementary Stage (6-14 years)……………………...227

5.16.3 Minimum Levels of Learning (MLL)……………….227

5.16.4 Right to Education Act (RTE)………………………228

5.16.5 Secondary School…………………………………...228

5.16.6 Senior Secondary School……………………………229

5.16.7 National Open School (NOS)……………………….229

5.16.8 Higher Education……………………………………230

5.17 HRE in India: Organizational and Institutional Development…………….231

5.17. 1 MOE and HRE .…………………………………….231

5.17.2 National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)……..233

5.17.3 Justice and Peace Commission (JPC)……………….234

5.17.4 NGOs and HRE……………………………………..235

5.17.5 MelJol……………………………………………….236

5.17.6 Institute of Human Rights Education (IHRE)……....238

5.17.7 Indian Institute for Peace, Disarmament and

Environmental Protection (IIPDEP)………………...239

5.18 HRE in India: A part of Social Science or an Independent Discipline

or Integrated into School Curriculum?.........................................................240

5.19 Delhi Teachers and Human Rights Education…………………………….244

5.20 Introducing Sara…………………………………………………………...247

5.20.1 Why Teaching? .........................................................247

5.20.2 Views on HR and HRE……………………………..250

5.20.3 Pedagogy of HRE: Sara’s Praxis……………………252

5.20.4 Sara with Students………………………………….254

5.20.5 Pedagogy of HRE: Problems and Challenges………255

5.21 Introducing Sheela………………………………………………………...256

5.21.1 Why Teaching? ……………………………………..257

5.21.2 Position on HR and HRE …………………………...258

5.21.3 Pedagogy of HRE: Sheela’s Praxis………………….261

5.21.4 Sheela’s Students……………………………………264

5.21.5 Pedagogy of HRE: Problems and Challenges ………266

5.22 Introducing Maya………………………………………………………….268

5.22.1 Teacher at Eleven……………………………………269

5.22.2 Perspective on HR and HRE………………………...273

5.22.3 Pedagogy of HRE: Praxis…………………………...275

5.22.4 Teacher Student Relationship……………………….278

5.22.5 Pedagogy of HRE: Problems and Challenges……….281

5.22.6 HRE: Lack of Integrated Approach………………....281

5.22.7 Nil or Insufficient Training in HRE…………………282

5.22.8 Discouraging Collegial Environment……………….283



Chapter 6: Pedagogy of Human Rights Education in Taipei and New Delhi Schools:

A Comparative Analysis……………………………………………..……..286

6.1 Status of HRE…………………………………………………………..288
6.2 NGOs and HRE…………………………………………………….......289
6.3 HRE: A Part of Social Sciences or an Independent Discipline or Integrated
into School Curriculum………………………..............................290
6.4 Human Rights Educators……………………………………………….292
6.4.1 Teaching Profession as a Career……………………...293
6.4.2 Role of Collaboration…………………………………293
6.4.3 Role of Information Technology (IT)………………...295
6.4.4 Institutionalized Communication……………………..296
6.4.5 HR and HRE: Teachers’ Perception and Praxis……...297
6.4.6 HR Educators and Educates………………………….298
6.4.7 HRE: Problems and Challenges………………………302
6.5 Concluding Remarks……………………………………………………304

Chapter 7: Pedagogy of Human Rights Education and Educators: A Discussion……...307
7.1 How Human Rights are Perceived by Teachers?.....................................308
7.2 Characteristics of Human Rights Educators…………………………....309
7.3 How the Pedagogy of HRE is Perceived by Human Rights Educator?...310
7.4 How the Pedagogy of Human Rights Education put into Practice?.........312
7.5 What is taught in the Human Rights Education Classrooms?..................316
7.6 What are the Problems and Obstacles faced by HRE…………………..
during the process of teaching Human Rights?........................................317
7.7 Can there be a General Pedagogy of HRE, which can
be applied across different educational settings?.....................................321
7.8 System Relations as Explanations of Findings………………………….322
7.8.1 Governmental Support/Constrain…………………. …323
7.8.2 NGOs and INGOs Role……………………………….323
7.8.3 Teacher’s Authority and Power Relations…………….324
Chapter 8: Conclusion and Recommendations…………………………………………327
8.1 Preconceived Notions Erased..................................................................328
8.2 Teacher as an Agency of Human Rights Educations…………………..329
8.3 Institutionalization of Human Rights Education………………………330
8.4 Importance of Training in Human Rights Education………………….332
Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………...334

Appendix A Universal Declaration of Human Rights…………………………………365

Appendix B Developmental Sequence for Core Concepts and Content………………372

Appendix C Methodologies: Developmental and Conceptual Framework for HRE….373
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095152520en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 人權教育zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 批判質性研究zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新德里zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 小學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會科教師角色zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 台北zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Human Rights Educationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Critical Qualitative Studyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) New Delhien_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Elementary Schoolsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Role of Social Science Teachersen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taipeien_US
dc.title (題名) 小學人權教育教學之比較研究:探究台北與新德里社會科教師之角色zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Pedagogy of Human Rights Education in the Elementary Schools of Taipei and New Delhi: Probing the Role of Social Science Teachersen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) A report on the six regional workshops on sexual exploitation and trafficking of children (1996). New Delhi: Department of Women and Child Development, MHRD, Government of India.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aggarwal, J. C. (1989). Yearbook of Indian education 1988-1989: World overview. Delhi: Doaba House.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aggarwal, J. C. (2001). Modern Indian education: History, development and problems. New Delhi: Shipra.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Agrawal, S. P. (Ed.). (1999). Development of education in India: Select documentation 1995-1997 (Vol. 5). New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ahmad, I. (2000). Human rights education in India: Unresolved problems of perspective and pedagogy. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 43-49). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ahmad, M. A. (1987). System of education in medieval India: 1526-1761 A. D. New Delhi: Panchsheel Publishers.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Akashi, I. (1999). Zendokyo and other groups: Teachers` commitment to Dowa education. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 99-104.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Akuzawa, M. (2007). Wither institutionalized human rights education? Review of the Japanese experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 175-184.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Almeida, J. (1999). Human rights education: The Justice and Peace Commission`s experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 124-127.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Altangerel, C. (2006). Human rights education in Mongolian schools: Present state and challenges. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 59-72.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Altekar, A. S. (1957). Education in Ancient India. Varanasi: Nand Kishor and Brothers.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Andreopoulos, G. J. (1997). Human rights education in the post-Cold War context. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 9-20). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Angell, A. V. (1991). Democratic climates in elementary classrooms: A review of theory and research. Theory and Research in Social Education, 19(3), 241-266.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Appleton, S. (1976, August). The social and political impact of Education in Taiwan. Asian Survey, 16(8), 703-720. Retrieved on June 23, 2007 from JSTOR.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Asano, M. (2000). School reform, human rights, and global education. Theory into Practice, 39(2), 104-110.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ashton, D., Green, F., James, D., & Sung, J. (1999). Education and training for development in East Asia: The political economy of skill formation in East Asian newly industrialised economies. London: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Atutubo, J. C. (1998). Inroads to the Philippine formal education system: The Jose W. Diokno Foundation experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 124-142.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ayyar, R. V. V. (2005). What lessons can DPEP offer? Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 19(1), 49-65.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bahar, S. (1999). Komnas HAM and human rights education. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 10-12.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Banks, J. A. (2004). Introduction: Democratic citizenship education in multicultural societies. In J. A. Banks (Ed.), Diversity and citizenship education: Global perspectives (pp. 3-15). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Basham, A. L. (2004). The wonder that was India. London: Picador.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bastian, S. (1990). Political economy of ethnic violence in Sri Lanka: The July 1983 riots. In V. Das (Ed.), Communities, riots and survivors in South Asia (pp. 286-304). Delhi: Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Basu, A. (1974). The growth of education and political development in India, 1898-1920. Delhi: Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Batra, P. (2006). Building on the National Curriculum Framework to enable the agency of teachers. Contemporary Education Dialogue, 4(1), 88-118.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Baxi, U. (1997). Human rights education: The promise of the third millennium? In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 142-154). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bayly, S. (1999). The New Cambridge History of India: Cast, society and politics in India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Belen, S. (2003). Human rights education in Indonesian schools: An update. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 6, 27-37.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Berik, G. (2000). Mature export-led growth and gender wage inequality in Taiwan. Feminist Economics, 6(3), 1-26. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Berkey, J. (1992). The transmission of knowledge in medieval Cairo: A social history of Islamic education. Princeton: Princeton University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Best, F. (1991). Human rights education and teacher education. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp. 120-129). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Beteille, A. (2007 (July). The school and the community. Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 21(3), 191-201.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Billimoria, J., Kamania, K., & Ashtikar, S. (2001). MelJol: An Indian experiment. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 11-19.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bobbett, P. (1991). Human rights education and non-governmental organizations: A variety of approaches. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenges of human rights education (pp. 219-231). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bogard, W. (1989). The Bhapal tragedy: Language, logic, and politics in the production of a Hazard. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bolashetty, S. S., & Girija, L. L. (2004 (January)). Fundamental human right to free and compulsory elementary education in India: Origin, progress and present status. Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 18(1), 57-82.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Boli, J., & Thomas, G. M. (1997). World culture in the world polity: A century of international non-governmental organization. American Sociological Review, 62(2), 171-190. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from JSTORE database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bourne, R., Gundara, J., Dev, A., Ratsoma, N., Rukanda, M., Smith, A., et al. (1997). School-based understanding of human rights in four countries: A commonwealth study. London: Department for International Development.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bryman, A. (2004). Social research methods. In (Second ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bureau of Education, India (1944). Post-war educational development in India: Report by the Central Advisory Board of Education. New Delhi: Government of India Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Carspecken, P. F. (1996). Critical Ethnography in educational research. New York: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Carspecken, P. F., & Apple, M. W. (1992). Critical qualitative research, theory, method, and practice. In M. LeComte, W. Millroy & J. Preissley (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research in Education (pp. 507-554). San Diego, CA: Academic.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Carter, C., & Osler, A. (2000). Human rights, identities and conflict management: A study of school culture as experienced through classroom relationships. Cambridge Journal of Education, 30(3), 335-355. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Center for Law Related Education, Judicial Reform Foundation (2008). The Project of "Planting Seeds of Law-Related Education in Taiwan". Taipei: Center for Law-Related Education, Judicial Reform Foundation.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chandra, B., Mukherjee, M., & Mukherjee, A. (2000). India after independence. New Delhi: Penguin Books.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chandrasiri, D. M. (2001). Human rights education in government schools in Sri Lanka. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 21-23.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chaube, S. P., & Chaube, A. (1997). Landmarks in modern Indian education. New Delhi: Himalaya Publishing House.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chauhan, A. M., Dalangin, M., Santos, L., & Reyes, L. (2000). Philippines: Human rights education in Nueva Ecija. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 3(47-59).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen, P. (2004). Acting `Otherwise` the institutionalization of women`s/gender studies in Taiwan`s universities. New York: Routledge Falmer.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen, P. (2008). Strategic leadership and school reform in Taiwan. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 19(3), 293-318. Retrieved on September 10, 2008 from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09243450802332119zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chilcoat, G. W., & Ligon, J. A. (1994). Developing democratic citizens: The Mississippi freedom schools as a model for social studies instruction. Theory and Research in Social Education, 22(2), 128-175.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chou, C. C. (2003). An emerging transnational movement in women`s human rights: Campaign of nongovernmental organizations on "Comfort Women" Issue in East Asia. Journal of Economic and Social Research, 5(1), 153-181. Retrieved on November 11, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chou, C. P., & Ho, A.-H. (2007). Schooling in Taiwan. In G. A. Postiglione & J. Tan (Eds.), Going to school in East Asia (pp. 344-377). Westport: Greenwood Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chou, P. M. (1999). The democratization of Taiwan`s social studies curricula: A study of teaching national identities. Michigan State University, Michigan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chu, Y. W. (1996, May). Democracy and organized labor in Taiwan: The 1986 transition. Asian Survey, 36(5), 495-510.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chun, A. (1994, January). From nationalism to nationalizing: Cultural imagination and state formation in postwar Taiwan. The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, 31, 49-69.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chyu, L. H. (1991). Secondary academic education. In D. C. Smith (Ed.), The Confucian continuum: Educational modernisation in Taiwan. New York: Prager.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Claude, R. P. (1996). Educating for human rights. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Constitution of Republic of China. Retrieved on November 2, 2008. http://www.taiwan.com.au/Polieco/Government/Constitution/report02.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Corcuff, S. (Ed.). (2002). Memories of the future: National identity issues and the search for a new Taiwan. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cotton, E. R. E. (2006). Implementing curriculum guidance on environmental education: The importance of teachers` beliefs. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 38(1), 67-83. Retrieved on December 8, 2008 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Council of Europe (2003). Adopted texts on education for democratic citizenship and human rights (revised version).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (1985). Council of Europe: On teaching and learning about human rights education in schools.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dan, J. W. (2004). An empirical study on school teachers` understanding of human rights. Paper presented at the International conference on Human Rights Education, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Das, S. K. (1996). The educational system of the Ancient Hindus. New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dayal, V. (2000). Human rights and NHRC`s contribution. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 36-42). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Department of Education (2008). Status of Education and major achievements in Delhi: A quick report (updated). New Delhi.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dev, A., Sharma, D., & Lahiry, D. (2007). Human rights education in Indian schools. New Delhi: Academic Excellence.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Devi, V. V. (2007). Institute of Human Rights Education: India experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 41-52.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Diallo, D. D. Reflections of a human rights educator. In L. H. Roskos & A. L. Humphrey (Eds.), Feminism, race, transnationalism (pp. 124-128). Indiana: Indiana University Press. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dias, C. (1997). Human rights education as a strategy for development. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 51-63). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dieter, M. (1994). Human rights and education: Conclusions from some Latin American experiences. Journal of Moral Education, 23(3), 239-250. Retrieved on November 20, 2008 from Academic Search Premier.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dodson, M. S. (2010). Orientalism, empire, and national culture: India, 1770-1880. Delhi: Cambridge University Press New Delhi (repr. Foundation Books).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dreze, J., Samson, M., & Singh, S. (1997). The dam and the nation: Displacement and resettlement in the Narmada valley. Delhi: Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dye, P. (1991). Active learning for human rights in intermediate and high schools. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp. 105-119). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Education in the Republic of China (Taiwan) (2005). Taipei: Ministry of Education. Retrieved on November 2, 2008 from http://140.111.1.22/english/home_policy.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Edwardes, M. (1967). British India 1772-1947: A survey of the nature and effects of alien rule. London: Sidgwick & Jackson.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ely-Yamin, A. (1993). Empowering visions: Toward a dialectical pedagogy of human rights. Human Rights Quarterly, 15(4), 640-685.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Encyclopedia Britannica. (2006) (2 ed., Vols. 8). Detroit: MacMillan an Imprint of Thomson Gale.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Entwistle, H. (1979). Antonio Gramsci: Conservative schooling for radical politics. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Evans, M. (2008). Citizenship education, pedagogy, and school contexts. In J. Arthur, I. Davies & C. Hahn (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of education for citizenship and democracy (pp. 519-532). Los Angeles: SAGE.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Flowers, N. (2003). What is human rights education? The Human Rights Education Handbook. Retrieved on November 2, 2008 from http://www.hrea.org/pubs/HREA-Research-in-HRE-Papers_issue1.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Flowers, N., & Shiman, D. A. (1997). Teacher education and the human rights vision. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 161-175). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fong, T. L. (2004). Research and construction on evaluation`s category and item for campus human rights milieu. Paper presented at the International Conference on Human Rights Education, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Foucault, M. (1979). Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (A. Sheridan, Trans.) New York: Vintage/Random House.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Freire, P. (1994). Pedagogy of Hope: Reliving pedagogy of the oppressed (R. R. Barr, Trans.). London: Continuum.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Freire, P. (1997). Education for critical consciousness. New York: Continuum.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Freire, P. (1998). Pedagogy of freedom: Ethics, Democracy, and civic courage (P. Clarke, Trans.). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Freire, P. (1998). Pedagogy of the oppressed (M. B. Ramos, Trans. Revised ed.). New York: Continuum.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Friedman, T. L. (2006). The world is flat: A brief history of the twenty first century. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fritzsche, K. P. (2008). What do human rights mean for citizenship education? Journal of Social Science Education, 6(2), 40-49. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gadotti, M. (1996). Pedagogy of praxis: A dialectical philosophy of education (J. Milton, Trans.). Albany: State University of New York.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gellner, E. (1983). Nations and nationalism. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ghosh, S. C. (2001). History of education in medieval India: 1192 A. D.-1757 A. D. Delhi: Originals.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Giddens, A. (1979). Central problems in social theory: Action, structure, and contradiction in social analysis. London: Macmillan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Giroux, H. (1992). Border crossings: Cultural workers and the politics of education. New York: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Government of India (1988). National policy on education—1986. New Delhi: Ministry of Human Resource Development.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Greene, M. (1973). Teacher as stranger: Educational Philosophy for the modern age. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Guha, R. (2007). India after Gandhi: The history of the world`s largest democracy. NY: HarperCollins Publishers.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hayashi, S.-I. (2003). Human Hights Education Network: Japan experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 6, 69-74.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Heater, D. (1991). The curriculum jigsaw and human rights education. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenges of human rights education (pp. 235-244). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Henry, J. (1972). Culture Against Man. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Heon, W. (1999). Human rights education in Korea. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 68-72.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hicks, D. (1997). Conflict resolution and human rights education. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 80-95). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hornberg, S. (2002). Human rights education as an integral part of general education. International Review of Education, 48(3/4), 187-198. Retrieved on September 23, 2008 from JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3445360zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hsia, H. C. (1997). The trade of women body: Taiwan/Indonesia foreign bride analysis. The Journal of South-East Asia Study, 2, 72-83.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hsia, H. C. (2007). Imaged and imagined threat to the nation: The media constrution of the `foreign brides phenomenon` as social problems in Taiwan. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 8(1), 55-85. Retrieved on November 11, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hsieh, C.-M. (1964). Taiwan: Ilha Formosa. Washington: Butterworths.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hsieh, J., & Ryden SJ, E. (2006). Human rights education in Taiwan. In E. Ryden S.J. & B. K. Bundy (Eds.), Human rights in the Pacific Rim: Imagining a new critical discourse (pp. 139-161). Taiwan: Fujen Catholic University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hsu, C. C. (2004). Human rights education in compulsory education: A comparative study among five countries. Paper presented at the International conference on Human Rights Education, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, M. (2006/March). Human rights in Taiwan: Current situation and future challenges. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 9, 73-81.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hughes, C. (1997). Taiwan and Chinese nationalism: National identity and status in international society. New York: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hughes, C., & Stone, R. (1999). Nation building and curriculum reform in Hong Kong and Taiwan. The China Quarterly, 160, 977-991. Retrieved on June 27, 2007 from JSTOR.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Human rights reports: India (2009). U.S.A: Bureau of Democracy on Human Rights, and Labor. file:///G:/HR%20in%20India/2008%20Human%20Rights%20Reports%20India.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Human Rights USA. (1997). Report card on human rights in the USA. Washington, DC: Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc. for Human Rights USA.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jaffar, S. M. (1936). Education in Muslim India: (1000-1800 A. C.). Peshawar.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jain, M. (2004/Spring). Civics, citizenship and human rights: Civics discourse in India. Contemporary Education Dialogue, 1(2), 165-198.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jones, T. S. (2006). Combining conflict resolution education and human rights education: Thoughts for school-based peace education. Journal of Peace Education 3(2), 187-208.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Justice and Peace Commission (1998). Human rights education in schools: A response by the Documentation, Research and Training Centre. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 91-106.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Justice and Peace Commission (2007). Human rights education in schools and colleges. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 59-61.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kang, S.-W. (1999). Human rights education in South Korea. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 61-67.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kaul, J. N. (1974). Higher education in India: 1951-71 two decades of planned drift. Simla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study Simla.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kaushik, P. D. (2007). Women`s rights: Access to justice. New Delhi: Bookwell.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kepenekci, Y. K. (2005). A study of effectiveness of human rights education in Turkey. Journal of Peace Education, 2(1), 53-68.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kickbusch, K. W. (1987). Civic education and preservice educators: Extending the boundaries of discourse. Theory and Research in Social Education, 15(3), 173-188.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kincheloe, J. L. (2005). Critical pedagogy. New York: Peter Lang.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kirman, J. M. (2004). Using the theme of bullying to teach about human rights in the social studies curriculum. McGill Journal of Education, 39(3), 327-342.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Knapp, R. G. (2007). The shaping of Taiwan`s landscapes. In M. A. Rubinstein (Ed.), Taiwan: A new history (pp. 3-26). Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Koenig, S. (1997). Forward. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kothari, D. S. (1966). Education and national development. New Delhi: Ministry of Education, Government of India.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kothari, R. (2000). Human rights education: Two pedagogies. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 21-27). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kothari, V. N. (2004). Challenge of universalization of elementary education in India. Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 18(3), 363-378.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Krain, M., & Nurse, A. M. (2004, February). Teaching human rights through service learning. Human Rights Quarterly, 26(1), 189-207. Retrieved on November 2, 2008 from Academic Research Library.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Krishnasamy, K. S. (2009). Organizational basis of human rights. In C. J. Nirmal (Ed.), Human rights in India: Historical, social and political perspectives (pp. 187-210). New Delhi: Institute of Indian and International Studies, Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kurvey, B. (1999). Human rights education in India: Needs and future actions Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 128-132.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lamley, H. J. (2007). Taiwan under Japanese rule, 1895-1945. In M. A. Rubinstein (Ed.), Taiwan: A new history (pp. 201-260). Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lan, P. C. (2006). Global Cinderellas: Migrant domestics and newly rich employers in Taiwan. Durham: Duke University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lan, P. C. (2008). Migrant women`s bodies as boundary markers: Reproductive crisis and sexual control in the ethnic frontiers of Taiwan. Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 33(4), 833-861. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Law, N. N. (1916). Promotion of learning in India: During Muhammadan rule (By Muhammadans). New York: Longmans, Green and Co.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Law, W. W. (2002). Education reform in Taiwan: A search for a `national` identity through democratization and Taiwanisation. Compare, 32(1), 61-81. Retrieved on June 28, 2007 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lawson, E. (Ed.). (1991). Encyclopedia of Human Rights. New York: Taylor & Francis Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lee, M. J. (2000). Korea: Improving human rights education in schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 3, 9-15.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lew, J. F. (1976, May/June). Education in Taiwan: Trends and problems. Asian Affairs, 3(5), 314-325. Retrieved on March 12, 2007 from ProQuest.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lin, C. C. (2003, May/June). Political indoctrination in the curriculum during four periods of elementary school education in Taiwan. The Social Studies, 134-138.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lin, C. F. (2007/March). Student rights and human rights education--Taiwan`s experience. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 10, 73-83.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lohrenscheit, C. (2002). International approaches in human rights. International Review of Education, 48(3-4), 173-185.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Longstreet, W. S. (1985). Citizenship: The phantom core of social studies curriculum. Theory and Research in Social Education, 13(2), 21-29.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Losaria, N. L. (1998). The human rights education program of the department of education, culture and sports (DECS) of the Philippines. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 153-159.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Loveband, A. (2004). Positioning the product: Indonesian migrant women workers in Taiwan. Journal of Contemporary Asia 34(3), 336-348.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lu, C. Y. (2002). Politics of foreign labor policy in Taiwan. JAAS, 35(1), 113-131. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lucas, P. (2008). Human rights films seeding peace education: Case study Brazil. 107-123. Retrieved on September 23, 2009 from Education Research Complete.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lyseight-Jones, P. (1991). Human rights in primary education. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp.73-89). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Magendzo, A. (2005). Pedagogy of human rights education: A Latin American perspective. Intercultural Education, 16(2), 137-143.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Magsino, R. (1987). The rights of parents, students, and teachers in Canada and the Philippines. In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education (pp. 155-172). Oxford: Pergamon Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Masemann, V. L., & Iram, Y. (1987). The right to education for multicultural development: Canada and Israel. In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education (pp. 101-119). Oxford: Pergamon Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McCulloch, G., & Crook, D. (2008). The Routledge International Encyclopedia of Education. London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McLaren, P. (1995). Critical pedagogy and predatory culture: Oppositional politics in a postmodern era. London: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McLaughlin, T. H., & Juceviciene, P. (1997). Education, democracy and the formation of national identity. In D. Bridges (Ed.), Education, autonomy and democratic citizenship: Philosophy in a changing world (pp. 23-35). London: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McLeod, K. (1991). Human rights and multiculturalism in Canadian schools. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp. 164-188). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Meintjes, G. (1997). Human rights education as empowerment: Reflections on pedagogy. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 64-79). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) MelJol Team (1998). MelJol: Hum bacchon ka. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 82-90.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mihr, A. (2004). Human rights education: Methods, institutions, culture and evaluation. Magdeburg: Institut für Politikwissenschaft, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ministry of Education (2003). Human rights education: Promotion and cultivation. Taipei: Ministry of Education.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mirza, N. B. (2000). Education and human rights. In H. Talesra, N. Pancholy & M. L. Nagda (Eds.), Human rights education: A global perspective (pp. 218-229). New Delhi: Regency Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mushakoji, K. (1998). What should human rights education aim at in Japan? Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 162-169.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Myers, R. H. (1996, December). A new Chinese civilization: The evolution of the Republic of China on Taiwan. The China Quarterly, 48(Special Issue: Contemporary Taiwan), 1072-1090. Retrieved on February 3, 2010 from JSTOR.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nabeshima, Y., Akuzawa, M., Hayashi, S., & Park, K. (2000). Japan: Human rights education in schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 3, 23-36.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nair, P. M. (2004). A report on trafficking in women and children in India 2002-2003 (vol-I). New Delhi: Institute of Social Sciences, National Human Rights Commission, UNIFEM.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) National Curriculum Framework (2005). New Delhi: National Council of Educational Research and Training.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) National Human Rights Commission (2004). Know your rights. New Delhi: National Human Rights Commission in collaboration with the National Academy of Legal Studies and Research University, Hyderabad.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) National University of Educational Planning and Administration (2007). Education in India New Delhi: Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nayak, P. (2000). Human rights education in perspective. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 85-101). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) NCERT (1988). Education for international understanding and human rights: Sample curriculum and teaching units. New Delhi: National Council of Educational Research and Training.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) NCERT (1991). International education 1974 recommendation concerning education for international understanding, cooperation and peace and education relating to human rights and fundamental freedoms: A report of the study of implementation in India. New Delhi: National Council of Educational Research and Training.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Neary, I. (2002). Human rights in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nehru, J. (1946). The discovery of India. New York: The John Day Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) O`Brien, E. (1999). We must integrate human rights into the social studies. Social Education, 63(3), 171-176. Retrieved on August 7, 2009 from ProQuest Education Journals.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ogundare, S. F. (1993). Human rights orientation of prospective social studies teachers in Nigeria. Social Studies, 84(6). Retrieved on August 13, 2009 from Academic Search Complete.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Oka, D. (1999). Human rights education in Indonesian primary schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 185-197.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Okazaki, Y. (1999). Human rights education and the Osaka City Education Board. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 154-157.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Oldendorf, S. B. (1989). Vocabularies, knowledge and social action in citizenship education: The Highlander example. Theory and Research in Social Education, 17(2), 107-120.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Oliner, P. (1983). Putting community into citizenship education: The need for prosociality. Theory and Research in Social Education, 11(2), 65-81.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Orlin, T. S. (1998). On human rights education. Utica, NY: Utica College.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Osaka Prefectural Kunijima High School (1998). Human rights education in Kunijima high school. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 24-35.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Osler, A. (2008a). Human rights education: The foundation of education for democratic citizenship in our global age. In J. Arthur, I. Davies & C. Hahn (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of education for citizenship and democracy (pp. 455-518). Los Angeles: SAGE.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Osler, A. (2008b). Citizenship education and the Ajegbo report: Re-imagining a cosmopolitan nation. London Review of Education, 6(1), 11-25. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Osler, A., & Starkey, H. (1994). Fundamental issues in teacher education for human rights: A European perspective. Journal of Moral Education, 23(3), 349-359. Retrieved on November 20, 2008 from Academic Search Premier.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Osler, A., & Starkey, H. (1999). Rights, identities and inclusion: European action programmes as political education. Oxford Review of Education, 25(1&2), 199-215.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Osler, A., & Vincent, K. (2002). Citizenship and the challenge of global education. Stoke on Trent, UK: Trentham Books.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Panda, P. (2001). Human rights education in Indian schools: Curriculum development. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 85-96.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Park, B. O. (1999). How to use human rights education: How to implement it. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 73-83.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pawar, N. G. (2004). Development of educational system in India. Jaipur: Book Enclave.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Perumal, J. (2008). Student resistance to and teacher normalisation of radical ideologies. The International Journal of Learning, 15(1), 211-224. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from ERIC database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pinto, A. (2000). A pedagogy for human rights education. In R. M. Pal & S. Chakraborty (Eds.), Human rights education in India (pp. 50-62). New Delhi: Indian Social Institute.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pomeranz, K. (2003). Women`s work, family, and economic development in Europe and East Asia: Long-term trajectories and contemporary comparisons. In G. Arrighi, T. Hamashita & M. Selden (Eds.), The Resurgence of East Asia: 500, 150 and 50 year perspectives (pp. 124-172). London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ramirez, F. O., Suarez, D., & Meyer, J. W. (2006). The worldwide rise of human rights education. In A. Benavot & C. Braslavsky (Eds.), School knowledge in comparative and historical perspective: Changing curricula in primary and secondary education (pp. 35-52). Hong Kong: Comparative Education Research Centre and Springer.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ramirez, G. (2006). Emerging rights. Journal of Social Science Education, 1. Retrieved on January 10, 2010 from http://www.jsse.org/2006-1/ramirez_hre.htm#kap1zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rawat, P. L. (1970). History of Indian education (6th ed.). Agra: Ram Prasad & Sons.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Reardon, B. A. (1995). Educating for human dignity: Learning about rights and responsibilities. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Reardon, B. A. (1997). Human rights as education for peace. In G. J. Andreopoulos & R. P. Claude (Eds.), Human rights education for the twenty-first century (pp. 21-34). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Reardon, B. A. (2002). Human rights and the global campaign for peace education. International Review of Education, 48(3-4), 283-284.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Report of the Secretary-General. (1997). United Nations Decade for Human Rights Education (1995-2004) and public information activities in the field of human rights. Retrieved August 14, 2009, from United Nations website.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rinchin, N. (2000). Mongolia: Human rights education in schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 3, 17-22.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rosenthal, F. (1970). Knowledge triumphant: The concept of knowledge in medieval Islam. Leiden: E. J. Brill.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Roy, D. (2003). Taiwan: A Political History. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rubinstein, M. A. (2007). Taiwan`s socioeconomic modernization, 1971-1996. In M. A. Rubinstein (Ed.), Taiwan: A new History (pp. 366-402). Armonk, New York: An East Gate Book, M.E.Sharpe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sadli, S. (1998). Notes on human rights education in schools. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1, 122-123.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sadli, S., Wignosoebroto, S., & Belen, S. (1999). The state of human rights education in Indonesian schools: Developing a model. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 13-28.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Schafer, M. J. (1999). International nongovernmental organizations and third World education in 1990: A cross national study Sociology of Education, 72(2), 69-88. Retrieved on October 23, 2009 from JSTOR database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Scharfe, H. (2002). Education in ancient India. Leiden: Brill.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sebaly, K. (1987). Education about human rights: Teacher preparation. In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education (pp. 207-216). Oxford: Pergamon Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sen, A. (1999). Development as freedom. New York: Anchor Books.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shafer, S. M. (1987). Human rights education in schools. In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education (pp. 191-204). Oxford: Pergamon Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sharma, R. (2006). History of Indian education. Gurgaon: Shubhi Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sharma, R. S. (2005). India`s ancient past. New Delhi: Oxford.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sheila launches `no child labour` logo: Amid protests over conduct of two Ministers for their alleged role in engaging child labour (2009, November, 21). The Hindu, p. 4.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shiman, D. (1991). Teaching human rights: Classroom activities for a global age. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education (pp. 189-204). London: Cassell, Council of Europe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shiman, D. A., & Fernekes, W. R. (1999 March/April). The Holocaust, human rights, and democratic citizenship education. The Social Studies, 53-62. Retrieved on October 7, 2008 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shirur, P., & Shirur, S. (2007). Education, child labour and NGOs. Delhi: Shipra Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shotton, J. R. (1998). Learning and freedom: Policy, pedagogy and paradigms. New Delhi: Sage Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sibal, K. (2010, April 1). Joining hands in the interest of children. The Hindu, p. 10.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Siddiqi, F. E., & Ranganathan, S. (2001). Handbook on women and human rights: A guide for social activists (part-I). New Delhi: Kanishka Publishers.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sikand, Y. (2005). Bastions of the believers: Madrasas and Islamic education in India. New Delhi: Penguin Books.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Singh, L. (1998). The national initiative on human rights education in schools and the role of National Human Rights Commission. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 1(1), 76-81.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Skutsch, C. (2001). Taiwan. In J. R. Lewis & C. Skutsch (Eds.), The human rights encyclopedia: Sharpe Reference.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sliwinski, S. (2005). Thinking without banisters: Toward a compassionate inquiry into human rights education. Educational Theory, 55(2), 219-230. Retrieved on September 16, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Smith, A. D. (1991). National identity. Reno, Las Vegas: University of Nevada Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Social and Political Life-I (2007). New Delhi: National Council of Educational Research and Training.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sophocles (1947). The Theban plays (E. Watling, Trans.). Harmondsworth: Penguin.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Soto, J. U. (2001). A Philippine response to the United Nations Decade for human rights education. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 25-35.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stafford, C. (1992, June). Good sons and virtuous mothers: Kinship and Chinese nationalism in Taiwan. Man, 27(2), 363-378. Retrieved on June 23, 2007 from JSTOR.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Starkey, H. (1992). Teaching for social responsibility. In J. Lynch, C. Modgil & S. Modgil (Eds.), Cultural diversity and the schools: human rights, education and global responsibility (Vol. 4). London: Falmer.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Starkey, H. (Ed.). (1991). The challenge or human rights education. London: Cassell, Council of Europe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stobart, M. (1991). Forward. In H. Starkey (Ed.), The challenge of human rights education. London: Cassell, Council of Europe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Su, Y. C. (2007). Ideological representations of Taiwan`s history: An analysis of elementary social studies textbooks, 1978-1995. Curriculum Inquiry, 37(3), 205-237. Retrieved on February 12, 2009 from Academic Search Premier http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=25802321&site=ehost-livezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Suarez, D. (2007). Education professionals and the construction of human rights education. Comparative Education Review, 51(1), 48-70. Retrieved September 23, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taiwan Association for Human Rights (2008). Introduction to the Taiwan Association for Human Rights. Taipei: TAHR.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tang, M. Y. (1999/March). Human rights education in Taiwan: The experience of the workshops for schoolteachers. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 2, 158-168.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tankha, M. (2009, November 14). Making Delhi safe for women: Bid to make the Capital secure ahead of Commonwealth Games. The Hindu, p. 2.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tarrow, N. B. (Ed.). (1987). Human rights and education. Oxford: Pergamon Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thakur, P. (1998). Legal policies and frameworks for human rigths education in India. In K. J. S. Chatrath (Ed.), Education for human rights and democracy (pp. 48-59). Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, Shimla: UNESCO.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thapar, R. (2001). Ásoka and the decline of the Mauryas (Fifth ed.). New Delhi: Oxford.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thapar, R. (2002). Early India: From the origins to AD 1300. London: Allen Lane an imprint of Penguin Books.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The Constitution of India (1996). (4th ed.). New Delhi: Ministry of Law & Justice.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The Hutchinson Encyclopedia. (1994) (10 ed.). London: Helicon Publishing.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The policy on women in Taiwan (2001). Taiwan: Foundation of Equal Rights and Advancement of Women in Taiwan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The Right to Development: A primer (2004). New Delhi: Centre for Development and Human Rights & SAGE Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tibbitts, F. (1994). Human rights education in schools in the post-communist context. European Journal of Education, 29(4). Retrieved on September 22, 2009 from www.hrea.orgzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tibbitts, F. (2002). Understanding what we do: Emerging models for human rights education. International Review of Education, 48(3-4), 159-171.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tibbitts, F. (2004a). A broad definition of human rights allows for more flexibility in curricular design. Fourth R, 14(1).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tibbitts, F. (2004b). Formal human rights education: Human rights education in school curricula. Retrieved on November 2, 2008 from http://www.hrea.org/index.php?base_id=301zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tibbitts, F. (2005). Literature review on outcomes of school-based programs related to "Learning To Live Together": UNESCO: International Bureau of Education.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tibbitts, F. (Ed.) (2008) Encyclopedia of Peace Education. Teachers College, Columbia University. Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from Ebscohost database http://www.tc.edu/centers/epe/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tiwari, A. (2004). Human rights education: Role of teaching and training institutions. The Indian Journal of Social Work, 65(3), 423-445.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Torney-Purta, J. (1987). Human rights and education viewed in a comparative framework: Synthesis and conclusions (pp.223-233). In N. B. Tarrow (Ed.), Human rights and education. Oxford: Pergamon Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tsai, C. T., & Bridges, D. (1997). Moral piety, nationalism and democratic education: Curriculum innovation in Taiwan. In D. Bridges (Ed.), Education, autonomy and democratic citizenship: Philosophy in a changing world (pp. 36-47). London: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tsurumi, E. P. (1977). Japanese colonial education in Taiwan, 1895-1945. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UNESCO. (1979). UNESCO international congress on teaching of human rights: Final draft. Universal Human Rights, 1(3), 89-99.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) United Nations. (1948). Universal declaration of human rights. http://www.hri.ca/uninfo/treaties/1.shtmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) United Nations. (1999). The right to human rights education: A compilation of provisions of international and regional instruments dealing with human rights education. New York and Geneva: UN.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Vergara, A. C., & Estevez, J. V. (1994). Justice, impunity and the transition to democracy: A challenge for human rights education. Journal of Moral Education, 23(3), 273-284.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wang, H. Z. (2007). Hidden spaces of resistance of the subordinated: Case studies from Vietnamese female migrant partners in Taiwan. International Migration Review, 41(3), 706-727. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wang, H. Z., & Bélanger, D. (2008). Taiwanizing female immigrant spouses and materializing differential citizenship. Citizenship Studies 12(191-106).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Weiming, T. (Dec. 1996). Cultural identity and the politics of recognition in contemporary Taiwan. The China Quarterly, 148(Special Issue), 1115-1140. Retrieved on June 23, 2007 from JSTOR.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wills, J. J. E. (2007). The seventeenth-century transformation: Taiwan under the Dutch and the Cheng regime. In M. A. Rubinstein (Ed.), Taiwan: A new history (pp. 84-106). Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winter, H. J. J. (2004). Science. In A. L. Basham (Ed.), A cultural history of India (Eighth ed., pp. 141-161). New Delhi: Oxford.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wong, J. (2003). Deepening Democracy in Taiwan. Pacific Affairs, 76(2), 235-256. Retrieved on November 11, 2009 from JSTOR. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40024392zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wood, G. H. (1985). Education for democratic participation: Democratic values and the nuclear freeze campaign. Theory and Research in Social Education, 12(4), 39-56.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) World conference on human rights. (1993). Vienna declaration and program of action. Retrieved on September 22, 2009, from United Nations website.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wragg, E. C. (1999). An introduction to classroom observation (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wu, C. T. (1989). The school teachers` role in an open society. Journal of Elementary Education, 2, 1-22.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yadav, R. K. (1978). Teaching about human rights. In R. P. Khokalia (Ed.), Essays on human rights in India (pp. 8-10). Varanasi: Banaras Hindu University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yang, Y. M., & Want, H. H. (2003). Life and health concerns of Indonesian women in transnational marriages in Taiwan. Journal of Nursing Research, 11(3), 167-175. Retrieved on November 12, 2009 from Ebscohost database.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yeban, F. I. (2001). The human rights education situation in Sri Lanka. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools, 4, 97-105.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yee, A. C. (2001, March). Constructing a native consciousness: Taiwan literature in the 20th century. The China Quarterly, 165, 83-101. Retrieved on June 23, 2007 from JSTOR.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zhang, W. B. (2003). Taiwan`s modernization Americanization and modernizing Confucian manifestations. New Jersey: World Scientific.zh_TW