| dc.contributor.advisor | 許瓊文 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 王靜嬋 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | Wang, Ching Chan | en_US |
| dc.creator (作者) | 王靜嬋 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | Wang, Ching Chan | en_US |
| dc.date (日期) | 2010 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 14-Oct-2011 14:36:41 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.available | 14-Oct-2011 14:36:41 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 14-Oct-2011 14:36:41 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0097451001 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51693 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 碩士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 新聞研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 97451001 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 99 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | 本研究目的為探討國內新聞從業人員在採訪創傷新聞事件後，是否亦間接地受到創傷壓力所影響；又，社會支持與記者的創傷壓力調適有何關聯；而至今國內新聞界在記者創傷議題這部分的認知與作法處於何種階段。在研究方法上，採用質化的深度訪談法，訪談了包括文字記者、攝影記者以及主管職位等13位國內電視新聞從業人員。研究結果發現，普遍而言，國內電視新聞從業人員所承受身心壓力都較一般人來得高，而部分曾經採訪過重大創傷事件或創傷受害者的記者，更可能經歷深層的創傷壓力徵狀，包括侵入性回憶、逃避、高度警覺等。另外，部分受訪記者對創傷新聞事件的反應冷靜，可能源自記者良好的心理建設，但仍有記者是因為同儕壓力、尋求榮譽感或生計壓力等原因，而必須表現勇敢、甚至漠然，此亦可能為創傷壓力反應的一種。容易造成記者創傷壓力的新聞事件主要包括兩類，一為重大災難，一為看似平常、但可能對個別記者影響深刻的普通新聞事件；而易造成創傷壓力之新聞事件特性包括事件本身的嚴重度、記者深入了解新聞故事、與記者關係密切的人成為新聞主角、具情感張力的畫面。最後，個性、性別、路線、職位、電視台定位等變項可能影響記者是否容易面對創傷事件並受創傷壓力所影響。 接著，研究發現記者主要以「自我調適」與「尋求社會支持」兩種方式來應對可能承受的創傷壓力。在自我調適的部分，受訪記者以「娛樂」以及「重新定義生命或工作價值」的方式，來調整自己的狀態。在尋求社會支持的部分，首先，不若國外文獻對同儕支持的全面推崇，國內記者認為同儕支持主要能夠滿足資訊層面，但對同儕支持所提供的情緒支持仍有遲疑，可能與國內新聞圈的競爭激烈有關；第二，記者認為新聞組織能夠、也必須提供全面的物質支持與資訊支持，但由於現今不論是第一線記者或新聞主管，對記者創傷議題仍不熟悉，因此大部分受訪記者對組織是否能提供情緒支持採保留態度；第三，國內電視記者已不排斥尋求專業支持，但這方面的資訊相當缺乏；第四，雖然記者在擔心傷害家人的情況下，對家庭較不提及自身所承受的創傷壓力，但家庭仍提供了記者深層的情緒支持；第五，宗教支持為國內記者能夠舒服地吐露自身壓力的管道，提供了全然的情緒支持，此為國內新聞脈絡較特殊之處。 再者，國內新聞界雖已開始對記者創傷議題開始有初步的認知與作法，但整體的普及度與實行度仍不高。本研究在理解國內情況與參考國外各新聞組織的作法後，對國內新聞界在記者創傷議題可能能夠努力的方向，提出了若干建議。最後，亦在思考研究發現與研究限制後，對未來學術研究提出幾點建議。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | This study investigated trauma experiences of journalists in Taiwan after covering disaster, crime and justice news or interviewing traumatized victims, and how social support mechanism plays a buffering role in their trauma-stress coping. This thesis also explored news rooms’ attention and response toward this issue. This study adapted the semi-structured interview and the grounded theory methodology to analyze in-depth interview data of 13 TV journalists inTaiwan, including script journalists, photojournalists, local journalists and managers. This study found that the interviewed journalists live under physical and mental pressure. Some of those who have covered traumatic news experienced traumatic symptoms, including intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal. Although some journalists keep calm when they confront traumatic stress events, we still couldn’t overlook the potential traumatic effect since journalists may suppress their authentic feelings because of peer pressure, sense of honor, or bread and butter. In addition, the interviewed journalists employed “self-adjustment” and “seeking social support” to deal with the traumatic stress. First, the journalists relieved their pressure by means of entertainment, and redefining the value of job and the priorities of life. As for social support, the journalists thought that peer support could satisfy the need of information, but may not necessarily offer fully emotional support because of the flaming competitions between journalists and news organizations. As for news rooms, the journalists asked for tangible support, namely resources and informational support, but were suspicious of the emotional support.Then, this study found that the journalists are willing to seek professional support, but seldom seek support from family because of the worry of horrifying their family members. However, it does not mean that the emotional support from family is not important, and being there is the best support for journalists. Finally, religion support is the main channel from which the journalists could feel safe, peace and calm, which is a unique phenomenon in the Taiwan media settings. In the end, after understanding the Taiwan media situations and consulting the practices of foreign news organizations, this study recommended some suggestions and implications for future studies and news rooms accordingly. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 iiAbstract iv謝誌 vi目次 viii圖次 xii表次 xiii前言 1第一章、緒論 2第一節、研究背景與問題意識 2第二節、現今研究概況 7第三節、研究問題與研究目的 9第四節、論文結構 10第五節、相關新聞與創傷研究組織之介紹 11一、達德新聞與創傷中心（Dart Center for Journalism & Trauma） 11二、犯罪與司法報導（Covering Crime and Justice） 12三、波因特線上（Poynter Online） 12四、創傷新聞研究群 13第二章、文獻探討 14第一節、創傷壓力與間接性創傷壓力 14一、創傷壓力相關概念之名詞釐清：創傷後壓力症候群、急性創傷壓力、間接性創傷壓力、同情心疲軟、倦怠 14二、第一線工作人員之創傷研究結果 19三、新聞從業人員之創傷研究結果 23四、小結 31第二節、社會支持與創傷壓力調適 33一、社會支持作為調適創傷之中介變項（moderator）：緩衝假設 33二、社會支持的定義與內容 35三、社會支持的來源（source） 38四、第一線工作人員之社會支持研究 43五、新聞從業人員之社會支持研究 44六、小結 46第三節、國外各界對新聞從業人員的創傷壓力所實施的做法 47一、現今關注新聞從業人員創傷的單位 48二、國外新聞組織之實施情況與形式 49三、國內新聞組織對記者創傷壓力議題之實施現狀 52四、小結 53第四節、研究架構圖 55第三章、研究方法 57第一節、研究方法之選擇 57一、質化的研究方法 57二、深度訪談法 58三、訪談大綱與方式 59第二節、研究進行與受訪者選擇 60第三節、訪談資料之分析 64第四章、研究結果與討論 65第一節、國內新聞從業人員面對創傷壓力之現況 65一、大多數的國內記者曾經面對淺層、短期的之身心壓力 65二、部分國內記者經歷深層、長期的創傷壓力反應─與STS類似 67三、潛藏在記者冷靜反應之下的多重原因─我不是真的那麼勇敢 73四、主要可能造成記者創傷壓力的新聞事件之類別與特性 76五、可能影響創傷壓力是否出現的變項：採訪路線、工作職位、個性、性別與電視台定位 79六、小結 82第二節、新聞從業人員應對創傷壓力之方法：自我調適與尋求社會支持 85一、記者多以「娛樂」、「定義新工作或生命價值」方式自我調適 86二、國內記者並不完全接受「同儕支持」─能夠滿足「資訊支持」，對「情緒支持」仍存有雜音 88三、組織支持─首先能滿足物質與資訊支持，對情緒支持能否達成仍是觀望狀態 91四、不排斥尋求專業支持，但缺少相關資訊 95五、較少論及家庭支持，但不代表不重要 97六、宗教支持─記者能夠舒服地尋求情緒支持之途 98七、小結 99第三節、國內新聞組織對記者創傷議題之想法與作法 102一、是否具備全面性資訊傳授的在職訓練 103二、是否視記者身心負擔情況調整人力調派 105三、新嘗試：在任務結束後舉行記者分享經驗的討論會 106四、新嘗試：與專業醫療單位建立合作機制 108五、小結 109第五章、研究結論、限制與建議 113第一節、研究結論 113第二節、對實務工作的建議 117第三節、研究貢獻、研究限制與後續研究建議 121一、研究貢獻 121二、研究限制 122三、後續研究建議 123參考文獻 128附錄 140 | zh_TW |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097451001 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 創傷壓力 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 間接性創傷壓力 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 社會支持 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 新聞記者 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | trauma stress | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | secondary traumatic stress | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | STS | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | social support | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | journalists | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | 「社會支持」模式於新聞從業人員採訪創傷新聞事件後壓力調適之關係初探 | zh_TW |
| dc.title (題名) | The relationship between the “social support mechanism” and traumatic stress journalists bear after covering trauma news events or traumatized victims | en_US |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
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