聯合內閣理論：內閣制下的多黨競爭

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題名	聯合內閣理論：內閣制下的多黨競爭 Cabinet coalition theory
作者	陳坤森
貢獻者	王業立陳坤森
關鍵詞	聯合內閣憲政體制選舉制度政黨制度新制度主義
日期	1999
上傳時間	14-Oct-2011 14:41:22 (UTC+8)
摘要	本論文選定十八個民主先進的內閣制國家(佔全世界五十五個內閣制國家的近三成左右)為研究對象，包括英國、紐西蘭、澳大利亞、加拿大、愛爾蘭、法國(含第四共和及第五共和)、德國、奧地利、義大利、盧森堡、比利時、荷蘭、丹麥、挪威、瑞典、芬蘭、冰島、日本。至於研究時間則限定在一九四五年至二○○○年七月初為止，共計五百六十三次內閣的組成結果。在方法論上，本論文擷取新制度主義(neo-institutionalism)的研究取徑。在總體制度層面上，主要是採取「法制的和比較的研究途徑」(legalistic- institutional and comparative approach)。本文探究聯合內閣形成之前的制度安排，包括憲政體制和選舉制度之安排，前者界定行政部門和立法部門的互動關係，而後者為政黨競爭的遊戲規則設下法制規範，兩者都間接地影響一個國家政局的穩定性；另外，社會結構的制度因素，尤其是階級、種族、語言、宗教和地域等分歧面向所形成的團體對立，各以政黨為其利益的代言人，進而影響聯合內閣的形成。所以，在從事聯合內閣的比較研究時，實有必要對各國的政府結構、社會結構和選舉制度先行瞭解，以掌握靜態法制面的成因。本論文還進行動態的統計數據，針對「有效政黨數目」與其他變項(如「不成比例性」、「議題面向數目」、「內閣存活率」、「內閣型態發生率」等)進行統計的迴歸分析，以找出兩種變項之間的相關性。另外，本文在針對特定主題時(例如選舉制度改革前後的變化時)，採取「小數量比較法」(small-N comparison)的研究策略，例如第五章第四節就是專門以紐西蘭、義大利和日本三國為個案比較的小單位，分析這三個國家在選舉制度改革前後，在平均有效政黨數目、不成比例性以及內閣型態發生頻率上的變化。
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描述	博士國立政治大學政治研究所 80252502 88
資料來源	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0080252502
資料類型	thesis

dc.contributor.advisor	王業立	zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	陳坤森	zh_TW
dc.creator (作者)	陳坤森	zh_TW
dc.date (日期)	1999	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	14-Oct-2011 14:41:22 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.available	14-Oct-2011 14:41:22 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間)	14-Oct-2011 14:41:22 (UTC+8)	-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers)	G0080252502	en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI)	http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51707	-
dc.description (描述)	博士	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	國立政治大學	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	政治研究所	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	80252502	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	88	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	本論文選定十八個民主先進的內閣制國家(佔全世界五十五個內閣制國家的近三成左右)為研究對象，包括英國、紐西蘭、澳大利亞、加拿大、愛爾蘭、法國(含第四共和及第五共和)、德國、奧地利、義大利、盧森堡、比利時、荷蘭、丹麥、挪威、瑞典、芬蘭、冰島、日本。至於研究時間則限定在一九四五年至二○○○年七月初為止，共計五百六十三次內閣的組成結果。在方法論上，本論文擷取新制度主義(neo-institutionalism)的研究取徑。在總體制度層面上，主要是採取「法制的和比較的研究途徑」(legalistic- institutional and comparative approach)。本文探究聯合內閣形成之前的制度安排，包括憲政體制和選舉制度之安排，前者界定行政部門和立法部門的互動關係，而後者為政黨競爭的遊戲規則設下法制規範，兩者都間接地影響一個國家政局的穩定性；另外，社會結構的制度因素，尤其是階級、種族、語言、宗教和地域等分歧面向所形成的團體對立，各以政黨為其利益的代言人，進而影響聯合內閣的形成。所以，在從事聯合內閣的比較研究時，實有必要對各國的政府結構、社會結構和選舉制度先行瞭解，以掌握靜態法制面的成因。本論文還進行動態的統計數據，針對「有效政黨數目」與其他變項(如「不成比例性」、「議題面向數目」、「內閣存活率」、「內閣型態發生率」等)進行統計的迴歸分析，以找出兩種變項之間的相關性。另外，本文在針對特定主題時(例如選舉制度改革前後的變化時)，採取「小數量比較法」(small-N comparison)的研究策略，例如第五章第四節就是專門以紐西蘭、義大利和日本三國為個案比較的小單位，分析這三個國家在選舉制度改革前後，在平均有效政黨數目、不成比例性以及內閣型態發生頻率上的變化。	zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents	第一章緒論 1 第一節研究動機與目的 1 第二節研究範圍與重要概念的界定 5 第三節方法論的問題與研究方法 11 第四節分析架構 23 第五節資料的來源和取得 24 第六節章節內容簡述 27 第二章聯合內閣理論：研究文獻的檢視 31 第一節聯合內閣的研究 32 第二節聯合內閣重要理論的評述 40 第三章聯合內閣的制度成因(Ⅰ)：憲政體制的影響 51 第一節憲政發展的路徑 52 第二節內閣制的制度選擇 56 第三節政府體制的比較 61 第四節憲政運作與聯合內閣 65 第四章聯合內閣的制度成因(Ⅱ)：社會分歧結構的影響 77 第一節社會分歧的概念 77 第二節社會分歧的議題面向 81 第三節議題面向的分歧與聯合內閣 88 第四節權力分享與大聯合內閣 95 第五章聯合內閣的制度成因(Ⅲ)：選舉制度的影響 101 第一節選舉制度的選擇 101 第二節選舉制度的政治影響 110 第三節選舉制度對內閣組合的影響 123 第四節選舉制度改革與聯合內閣的相關檢證 127 第六章多黨競爭與聯合內閣 137 第一節多黨競爭與政黨競爭的類型 138 第二節競爭型政黨的計算法則 142 第三節政黨的意識型態定位 144 第四節多黨競爭與內閣組合型態 148 第七章聯合內閣的持久性與政治穩定 155 第一節內閣持久性的相關概念 156 第二節內閣壽命的持續與終止 157 第三節多黨競爭與聯合內閣的持久性 163 第四節政治穩定類型的建立 168 第八章研究發現與結論 181 第一節憲政制度的抉擇 182 第二節研究心得與發現. 186 附錄一：十八個內閣制國家戰後的政府組合 191 附錄二：各國憲法相關規定 215 附錄三：各種屬性政黨及其在全國選舉的勢力 229 參考書目 235	zh_TW
dc.language.iso	en_US	-
dc.source.uri (資料來源)	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0080252502	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	聯合內閣	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	憲政體制	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	選舉制度	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	政黨制度	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	新制度主義	zh_TW
dc.title (題名)	聯合內閣理論：內閣制下的多黨競爭	zh_TW
dc.title (題名)	Cabinet coalition theory	en_US
dc.type (資料類型)	thesis	en
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