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題名 無線行動網路中以跨層設計混合式多點傳輸策略的研究
Cross layer hybrid multicasting policy over wireless mobile network
作者 陳吉定
Chen, Ji Ding
貢獻者 張宏慶
Jang ,HungChin
陳吉定
Chen, Ji Ding
關鍵詞 多點傳輸
跨層設計
無線行動網路
Multicasting
Cross Layer
Wireless Mobile Network
日期 2008
上傳時間 17-Apr-2012 09:16:48 (UTC+8)
摘要 在無線傳輸網路環境日益普遍的今日,以往各類型只在固定網路傳輸上的應用都紛紛的套用在具移動性要求的無線傳輸網路上。然而無線網路的傳輸環境比固定網路有更多使用上的條件限制以及需克服技術上的問題,像是與基地台傳輸距離的限制而產生對傳輸連線上換手( Handover )的需求,以及因為換手而導致傳輸時各種時間上的延遲( Delay )和抖動( Jitter ),若是多媒體 (Multimedia) 的多點傳輸( Multicasting )需求,則更要對傳輸內容的特性和傳輸協定的可靠性、可擴展性及穩定性加以考量。再者因為在無線傳輸環境中接收端和發送端都可能是處於移動的狀態,所以整個傳輸架構的健全性 ( Robustness )也十分重要。基於這些需求,本論文提出利用跨層(Cross Layer)設計來匯集較低網層協定在傳輸速率(Throughput)上的優勢,以及由較高網層協定提供之針對傳輸內容不同需求的應用彈性,降低協定在既有網路中實現的困難度,以期Wireless網路提供多點傳輸時在滿足穩定性及可靠性的要求下,達到最佳的傳輸速率表現。
Applications of wireless mobile network are prevalent in recent years. Many applications inherited or developed from wired network have been proposed to enable mobile nodes to connect to wireless mobile network to access resources/services from Internet using multicasting protocol. However, wireless mobile networks have difficulty in forwarding information due to its inherent dynamism and frequent topology changes. To multicast multimedia data stream, we have to consider not only the issues of reliability, robustness, scalability and stability of routing protocol, but also the content of transmission. Besides, when handover occurs frequently during transmission, the throughput decreases rapidly due to severe jitter and delay. This thesis presents a hybrid multicasting policy for wireless mobile network to build a multicasting architecture using cross layer design of network layer and application layer to manage quality transmission according to flexible requirements. In summary, our goal is to optimize throughput in order to fulfill the requirement of reliability and stability of multicasting in wireless mobile network.
參考文獻 【1】S. Deering. Host Extensions for IP Multicasting. IETF RFC 1112, August 1989.
【2】Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Information Processing Techniques Office. INTERNET PROTOCOL. IETF RFC 791, September 1981.
【3】S. Bhattacharyya. An Overview of Source-Specific Multicast. IETF RFC 3569, July 2003.
【4】Y. Chu, S.G. Rao, and H. Zhang. A Case for End System Multicast. In Proceedings of ACM Sigmetrics, June 2000, 1-12.
【5】Luo Junhai, Ye Danxia, Xue Liu and Fan Mingyu. A survey of multicast routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 78-91, January 2009
【6】,B. Fenner, M. Handley, H. Holbrook and I. Kouvelas. Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode. IETF RFC 4601, August 2006.
【7】A. Ballardie. Core Based Trees (CBT) Multicast Routing Architecture. IETF RFC 2201, September 1997.
【8】C. Hedrick. Routing Information Protocol. IETF RFC 1058, June 1988.
【9】C. Hedrick. Telnet Terminal Speed Option. IETF RFC 1079, December 1988.
【10】A. Adams, J. Nicholas and W. Siadak. Protocol Independent Multicast - Dense Mode (PIM-DM). IETF RFC 3973, January 2005.
【11】J. Moy. Multicast Extensions to OSPF. IETF RFC 1584, March 1994.
【12】E. Bommaiah, M. Lui, A.MCAuley, and R.Talpade. AMRoute: Ad Hoc Multicast Routing Protocol. Internet Draft, draft-manet-amroute-00.txt, Aug 1998
【13】C.W. Wu, Y.C. Tay. AMRIS: A Multicast Protocol for Ad hoc Wireless Networks. Military Communications Conference Proceedings, 1999. MILCOM 1999. IEEE. Oct 1999, 25-29 vol.1
【14】Elizabeth M. Royer, and Charles E. Perkins. Multicast Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (MAODV) Routing. Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-maodv-00.txt, July 2000
【15】C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer, and S. Das. Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. IETF RFC 3561. July 2003
【16】Kumar Viswanath, Katia Obraczka, Member, IEEE, and Gene Tsudik. Exploring Mesh and Tree-Based Multicast Routing Protocols for MANETs. Mobile Computing, IEEE Transactions on Volume 5, Issue 1, Jan. 2006, Page(s): 28 - 42
【17】M. Gerla, G. Pei, S.J. Lee, and C.C. Chiang. On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-odmrp-00.txt. November 1998
【18】Chao Gui and Prasant Mohapatra. Efficient Overlay Multicast for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Wireless Communications and Networking, 2003. WCNC 2003. 2003 IEEE. March 2003 , On page(s): 1118-1123 vol.2
【19】 S. Corson, and J. Macker. Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations. IETF RFC 2501, January 1999
【20】S. Voulgaris and M. van Steen. Hybrid dissemination:Adding determinism to probabilistic multicasting in largescale p2p systems. In Middleware 2007, ACM/IFIP/USENIX 8th International Middleware Conference, Proceedings. Springer, 2007, pp. 389–409, 2007.
【21】S. Zahoor Ul Huq et. Al, EMMR: A Multicast Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, vol. 9, no. 4 , April 2009
【22】Ogier, R. MANET Extension of OSPF Using CDS Flooding. Proceedings of the 62nd IETF, March 2005. http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/
05mar/slides/ospf-5/sld1.htm. 2005.
【23】S. Bhattacharyya, An Overview of Source-Specific Multicast (SSM)
. IETF RFC 3569, July 2003
【24】B. Fenner, and D. Meyer. Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP). IETF RFC 3618, October 2003
【25】T. Camilo, J. Sá Silva, F. Gaudêncio and F. Boavida. A new SSM approach for mobile environments. The 7th IFIP International Conference on Mobile and Wireless Communication Networks, 2005
【26】Sangjin Jeong, Myung-Ki Shin, and Hyoug-Jun Kim. Design, Implementation and Evaluation of Source-Specific Multicast System over IPv6 Networks. Advanced Communication Technology, 2006. ICACT 2006. The 8th International Conference, Feb. 2006, Volume: 3, On page(s): 4 pp.-2003
【27】Silva, J.S.; Duarte, S.; Monteiro, E.; Boavida, F. MNet - a new multicast approach for the future Internet. Telecommunications, 2003. ICT 2003. 10th International Conference on Volume 1, Issue , March 2003 Page(s): 340 - 347 vol.1
【28】Christian Hubsch and Oliver P. Waldhorst : Enhancing Application-Layer Multicast Solutions by Wireless Underlay Support. Institute for Telematics, University of Karlsruhe (TH), Germany
【29】Banerjee, S., Bhattacharjee, B., Kommareddy, G.: Scalable Application Layer Multicast. Proc. SIGCOMM 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 2002. pages 205~217
【30】Mihaela van der Schaar, Sai Shankar N, Cross-layer wireless multimedia transmission: Challenges, principles and new paradigms, IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 12, no. 4, Aug 2005 pp. 50-58
【31】Peter Baumung, TrAM: Cross-layer efficient application-layer multicast in mobile ad-hoc networks, WCNC 2007 - IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, no. 1, March 2007 pp. 3878-3882
【32】Oh, Soon Y. Gerla, Mario Zhao, Pengkai Daneshrad, Babak Pei, Guangyu Kim, Jae H. MIMO-CAST: A Cross-Layer Ad Hoc Multicast Protocol using MIMO Radios. Military Communications Conference, 2007. MILCOM 2007. IEEE. Oct. 2007, On page(s): 1-6
【33】Reuven Cohen, Guy Grebla and Liran Katzir. Cross-Layer Hybrid FEC/ARQ Reliable Multicast With Adaptive Modulation and Coding in Broadband Wireless Networks. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 18, no. 6, December 2010
【34】A. Sabari, K. Duraiswamy, Ant Based Adaptive Multicast Routing Protocol (AAMRP) for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, vol.6, no. 2, 2009
【35】Kurup, G. Sekercioglu, Y.A. Mani, N. Source Specific Multicast (SSM) Group Management Analysis Framework for the Next Generation Mobile Internet. Next Generation Internet Networks 2005, April 2005, On page(s): 420- 425
【36】Dunstan Adam, DiBurro Larry, and Li Yunhou, Method and apparatus
for forwarding multicast data by relaying IGMP group membership,
Patent number US6654371 B1, Issued on November 25, 2003.
【37】W. Fenner. Internet Group Management Protocol. IETF RFC 2236, November 1997
【38】Bill Fenner, Haixiang He, Brian Haberman, Hal Sandick, IGMP/MLDbased Multicast Forwarding (IGMP/MLD Proxying), Internet Draft, draft-ietf-magma-igmp-proxy-06.txt, April, 2004
【39】Romdhani, I.; Munoz, J.; Bettahar, H.; Bouabdallah, A. Adaptive Multicast Membership Management for Mobile Multicast Receivers. Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications, 2006. (WiMobapos;2006). IEEE International Conference on
Volume , Issue , 19-21 June 2006 Page(s):189 - 195
【40】Jiunn-Ru Lai; Wanjiun Liao; Ming-Yu Jiang; Chien-An Ke. Mobile multicast with routing optimization for recipient mobility. Communications, 2001. ICC 2001. IEEE International Conference on Volume 5, Issue , 2001 Page(s):1340 - 1344 vol.5
【41】Xiaohua Tian, Yu Cheng and Xuemin (Sherman) Shen. DOM: A Scalable Multicast Protocol for Next-Generation Internet. IEEE Network, vol. 24, no. 4, July 2010.
【42】T. Camilo, J. Silva, F. Boavida, “Enabling NS-2 with SSM Enviroments”, < http://eden.dei.uc.pt/~tandre/ssm_extension/index.htm >, 2004
【43】Abduljalil, F.M. Bodhe, S.K. A SURVEY OF INTEGRATING IP MOBILITY PROTOCOLS AND MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS. : Communications Surveys & Tutorials, IEEE Publication Date: First Quarter 2007 Volume: 9, Issue: 1 , On page(s): 14-30
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊科學學系
93971014
97
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093971014
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 張宏慶zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Jang ,HungChinen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳吉定zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Ji Dingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳吉定zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chen, Ji Dingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2008en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Apr-2012 09:16:48 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Apr-2012 09:16:48 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Apr-2012 09:16:48 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0093971014en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/52772-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊科學學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93971014zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在無線傳輸網路環境日益普遍的今日,以往各類型只在固定網路傳輸上的應用都紛紛的套用在具移動性要求的無線傳輸網路上。然而無線網路的傳輸環境比固定網路有更多使用上的條件限制以及需克服技術上的問題,像是與基地台傳輸距離的限制而產生對傳輸連線上換手( Handover )的需求,以及因為換手而導致傳輸時各種時間上的延遲( Delay )和抖動( Jitter ),若是多媒體 (Multimedia) 的多點傳輸( Multicasting )需求,則更要對傳輸內容的特性和傳輸協定的可靠性、可擴展性及穩定性加以考量。再者因為在無線傳輸環境中接收端和發送端都可能是處於移動的狀態,所以整個傳輸架構的健全性 ( Robustness )也十分重要。基於這些需求,本論文提出利用跨層(Cross Layer)設計來匯集較低網層協定在傳輸速率(Throughput)上的優勢,以及由較高網層協定提供之針對傳輸內容不同需求的應用彈性,降低協定在既有網路中實現的困難度,以期Wireless網路提供多點傳輸時在滿足穩定性及可靠性的要求下,達到最佳的傳輸速率表現。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Applications of wireless mobile network are prevalent in recent years. Many applications inherited or developed from wired network have been proposed to enable mobile nodes to connect to wireless mobile network to access resources/services from Internet using multicasting protocol. However, wireless mobile networks have difficulty in forwarding information due to its inherent dynamism and frequent topology changes. To multicast multimedia data stream, we have to consider not only the issues of reliability, robustness, scalability and stability of routing protocol, but also the content of transmission. Besides, when handover occurs frequently during transmission, the throughput decreases rapidly due to severe jitter and delay. This thesis presents a hybrid multicasting policy for wireless mobile network to build a multicasting architecture using cross layer design of network layer and application layer to manage quality transmission according to flexible requirements. In summary, our goal is to optimize throughput in order to fulfill the requirement of reliability and stability of multicasting in wireless mobile network.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 10
1.1前言 10
1.2 研究動機 10
1.3 研究方向與方法 11
1.4 論文架構 12
第二章 13
2.1 群播協定概論 13
2.2 Tree-based 群播協定 15
2.2.1 PIM-SM 群播協定 16
2.2.2 CBT 群播協定 17
2.2.3 DVMRP 群播協定 18
2.2.4 PIM-DM 群播協定 18
2.2.5 MOSPF 群播協定 19
2.2.6 AMRoute 群播協定 19
2.2.7 AMRIS 群播協定 20
2.2.8 MAODV 群播協定 20
2.3 Mesh-Based 群播協定 20
2.3.1 ODMRP 群播協定 21
2.3.2 PAST-DM 群播協定 21
2.4 Ring-Structured 群播協定 22
2.4.1 EMMR 群播協定 22
2.5 其他群播協定 23
2.5.1 Application layer 群播協定 23
2.5.2 SSM 群播協定 24
2.5.3 Hierarchical structure 群播協定 26
2.5.4 Cross Layer 群播協定 27
2.5.5 AAMRP群播協定 30
2.5.6 特殊群播協定 31
第三章 33
3.1 Multicasting Scenario 33
3.2 Communication Agent 34
3.3 Coordinator Server Functionality 36
3.3.1 Data Buffer 36
3.3.2 Congestion Control 37
3.3.3 Switch Protocol When Router Without IGMPv3 Support 38
3.3.4 Source Discovery Agent 38
3.4 Multicasting Implementation 40
3.4.1 IGMPv3 40
3.4.2 IGMPv3 Packets Delivery 41
3.4.3 Multicasting Process 43
第四章 46
4.1 Mathematical Analysis 46
4.2 模擬拓樸 49
4.3 參數設定 49
4.3.1 Simulation Parameters 50
4.3.2 Operation During Simulation 50
4.4 數據分析與比較 51
第五章 55
參考文獻 57
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093971014en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 多點傳輸zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 跨層設計zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 無線行動網路zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Multicastingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Cross Layeren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Wireless Mobile Networken_US
dc.title (題名) 無線行動網路中以跨層設計混合式多點傳輸策略的研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Cross layer hybrid multicasting policy over wireless mobile networken_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【1】S. Deering. Host Extensions for IP Multicasting. IETF RFC 1112, August 1989.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【2】Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Information Processing Techniques Office. INTERNET PROTOCOL. IETF RFC 791, September 1981.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【3】S. Bhattacharyya. An Overview of Source-Specific Multicast. IETF RFC 3569, July 2003.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【4】Y. Chu, S.G. Rao, and H. Zhang. A Case for End System Multicast. In Proceedings of ACM Sigmetrics, June 2000, 1-12.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【5】Luo Junhai, Ye Danxia, Xue Liu and Fan Mingyu. A survey of multicast routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 78-91, January 2009zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【6】,B. Fenner, M. Handley, H. Holbrook and I. Kouvelas. Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode. IETF RFC 4601, August 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【7】A. Ballardie. Core Based Trees (CBT) Multicast Routing Architecture. IETF RFC 2201, September 1997.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【8】C. Hedrick. Routing Information Protocol. IETF RFC 1058, June 1988.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【9】C. Hedrick. Telnet Terminal Speed Option. IETF RFC 1079, December 1988.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【10】A. Adams, J. Nicholas and W. Siadak. Protocol Independent Multicast - Dense Mode (PIM-DM). IETF RFC 3973, January 2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【11】J. Moy. Multicast Extensions to OSPF. IETF RFC 1584, March 1994.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【12】E. Bommaiah, M. Lui, A.MCAuley, and R.Talpade. AMRoute: Ad Hoc Multicast Routing Protocol. Internet Draft, draft-manet-amroute-00.txt, Aug 1998zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【13】C.W. Wu, Y.C. Tay. AMRIS: A Multicast Protocol for Ad hoc Wireless Networks. Military Communications Conference Proceedings, 1999. MILCOM 1999. IEEE. Oct 1999, 25-29 vol.1zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【14】Elizabeth M. Royer, and Charles E. Perkins. Multicast Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (MAODV) Routing. Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-maodv-00.txt, July 2000zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【15】C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer, and S. Das. Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. IETF RFC 3561. July 2003zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【16】Kumar Viswanath, Katia Obraczka, Member, IEEE, and Gene Tsudik. Exploring Mesh and Tree-Based Multicast Routing Protocols for MANETs. Mobile Computing, IEEE Transactions on Volume 5, Issue 1, Jan. 2006, Page(s): 28 - 42zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【17】M. Gerla, G. Pei, S.J. Lee, and C.C. Chiang. On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-odmrp-00.txt. November 1998zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【18】Chao Gui and Prasant Mohapatra. Efficient Overlay Multicast for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Wireless Communications and Networking, 2003. WCNC 2003. 2003 IEEE. March 2003 , On page(s): 1118-1123 vol.2zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【19】 S. Corson, and J. Macker. Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations. IETF RFC 2501, January 1999zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【20】S. Voulgaris and M. van Steen. Hybrid dissemination:Adding determinism to probabilistic multicasting in largescale p2p systems. In Middleware 2007, ACM/IFIP/USENIX 8th International Middleware Conference, Proceedings. Springer, 2007, pp. 389–409, 2007.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【21】S. Zahoor Ul Huq et. Al, EMMR: A Multicast Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, vol. 9, no. 4 , April 2009zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【22】Ogier, R. MANET Extension of OSPF Using CDS Flooding. Proceedings of the 62nd IETF, March 2005. http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 05mar/slides/ospf-5/sld1.htm. 2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【23】S. Bhattacharyya, An Overview of Source-Specific Multicast (SSM)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) . IETF RFC 3569, July 2003zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【24】B. Fenner, and D. Meyer. Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP). IETF RFC 3618, October 2003zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【25】T. Camilo, J. Sá Silva, F. Gaudêncio and F. Boavida. A new SSM approach for mobile environments. The 7th IFIP International Conference on Mobile and Wireless Communication Networks, 2005zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【26】Sangjin Jeong, Myung-Ki Shin, and Hyoug-Jun Kim. Design, Implementation and Evaluation of Source-Specific Multicast System over IPv6 Networks. Advanced Communication Technology, 2006. ICACT 2006. The 8th International Conference, Feb. 2006, Volume: 3, On page(s): 4 pp.-2003zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【27】Silva, J.S.; Duarte, S.; Monteiro, E.; Boavida, F. MNet - a new multicast approach for the future Internet. Telecommunications, 2003. ICT 2003. 10th International Conference on Volume 1, Issue , March 2003 Page(s): 340 - 347 vol.1zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【28】Christian Hubsch and Oliver P. Waldhorst : Enhancing Application-Layer Multicast Solutions by Wireless Underlay Support. Institute for Telematics, University of Karlsruhe (TH), Germanyzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【29】Banerjee, S., Bhattacharjee, B., Kommareddy, G.: Scalable Application Layer Multicast. Proc. SIGCOMM 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 2002. pages 205~217zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【30】Mihaela van der Schaar, Sai Shankar N, Cross-layer wireless multimedia transmission: Challenges, principles and new paradigms, IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 12, no. 4, Aug 2005 pp. 50-58zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【31】Peter Baumung, TrAM: Cross-layer efficient application-layer multicast in mobile ad-hoc networks, WCNC 2007 - IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, no. 1, March 2007 pp. 3878-3882zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【32】Oh, Soon Y. Gerla, Mario Zhao, Pengkai Daneshrad, Babak Pei, Guangyu Kim, Jae H. MIMO-CAST: A Cross-Layer Ad Hoc Multicast Protocol using MIMO Radios. Military Communications Conference, 2007. MILCOM 2007. IEEE. Oct. 2007, On page(s): 1-6zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【33】Reuven Cohen, Guy Grebla and Liran Katzir. Cross-Layer Hybrid FEC/ARQ Reliable Multicast With Adaptive Modulation and Coding in Broadband Wireless Networks. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 18, no. 6, December 2010zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 【34】A. Sabari, K. Duraiswamy, Ant Based Adaptive Multicast Routing Protocol (AAMRP) for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, vol.6, no. 2, 2009zh_TW
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