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題名 藥品廣告之法規範與健康素養
The regulation of pharmaceutical advertising and health literacy作者 林承宇
Lin, Cheng-Yu貢獻者 蔡明誠<br>Ming-Cheng Tsai
林承宇
Lin, Cheng-Yu關鍵詞 媒體識讀
健康素養
新素養
健康權
傳播法規
藥品廣告
media literacy
health literacy
new literacy
the right to health
communications law
pharmaceutical advertising日期 2011 上傳時間 30-十月-2012 10:36:50 (UTC+8) 摘要 為國民的健康把關,通常是政府作為實現國民健康權的一種具體作為,有關國民的用藥安全更是政府責無旁貸的責任。本論文著眼於「虛擬藥房」的藥品廣告刺激一般常民用藥的消費過程,政府基於保護國民健康所採取的介入方式是「法規範」對藥品廣告的管理,此種管理方式隨著藥品本身與商業言論的時空變遷會有緊縮或放寬的變革,然而易侷限於專業精英討論的上層層次;後有主管機關意識到常民健康的落實須直達正確的用藥觀念,以健康促進作為彌補上層可能無法下達困境的下層層次。本論文以為,此二層次對應的概念仍屬「由上對下」的意識,亦即「政府」下對「常民」的概念。這種由上而下的把關做法,在維護國民「健康權」的國家、社會與個人法益上固然有其必要;惟欲落實整體健康權的實踐,仍須回歸「健康素養」的具體貫徹。亦即,本論文主張政府所主導的法規範或健康促進的作為,必須同時伴隨常民健康素養的賦權,兼顧「由下而上」的作法,不斷促使法規範與社會現實互為主體,則法規範才能真實維護與實踐國民的「健康權」。
It is the constitutional and legal responsibility of the State to protect people’s health and achieve “the right to health” via, among others, the provision of safe medicines. The vast amounts of advertisings have challenged the State to providing safety access to medicines. This thesis focuses on the advertisings of “virtual pharmacies”, and attempts to investigate how they stimulate consumer behaviors. Legally, the State controls pharmaceutical advertising by means of various different legislative and administrative measures. Nonetheless, this “top-down” process has had only limited effects due to rapid social change and the evolution of the protection of commercial speech. This thesis argues that, to fill the gap, the promotion and development of “health literacy”, i.e. a “bottom-up” way, could be the answer to a meaningful control of pharmaceutical advertisings.This thesis conducts empirical analyses and applies them to various theories of political economy regarding pharmaceutical advertising. Moreover, the relationships between “health literacy” and “the right to health” are also elaborated. It is argued that to substantiate the constitutional “right to health”, the best way is to promote and develop the concept of “health literacy”. 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國立政治大學
新聞研究所
93451505
100資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0934515051 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 蔡明誠<br>Ming-Cheng Tsai zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) 林承宇 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Lin, Cheng-Yu en_US dc.creator (作者) 林承宇 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lin, Cheng-Yu en_US dc.date (日期) 2011 en_US dc.date.accessioned 30-十月-2012 10:36:50 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 30-十月-2012 10:36:50 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 30-十月-2012 10:36:50 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0934515051 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/54283 - dc.description (描述) 博士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 新聞研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 93451505 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 100 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 為國民的健康把關,通常是政府作為實現國民健康權的一種具體作為,有關國民的用藥安全更是政府責無旁貸的責任。本論文著眼於「虛擬藥房」的藥品廣告刺激一般常民用藥的消費過程,政府基於保護國民健康所採取的介入方式是「法規範」對藥品廣告的管理,此種管理方式隨著藥品本身與商業言論的時空變遷會有緊縮或放寬的變革,然而易侷限於專業精英討論的上層層次;後有主管機關意識到常民健康的落實須直達正確的用藥觀念,以健康促進作為彌補上層可能無法下達困境的下層層次。本論文以為,此二層次對應的概念仍屬「由上對下」的意識,亦即「政府」下對「常民」的概念。這種由上而下的把關做法,在維護國民「健康權」的國家、社會與個人法益上固然有其必要;惟欲落實整體健康權的實踐,仍須回歸「健康素養」的具體貫徹。亦即,本論文主張政府所主導的法規範或健康促進的作為,必須同時伴隨常民健康素養的賦權,兼顧「由下而上」的作法,不斷促使法規範與社會現實互為主體,則法規範才能真實維護與實踐國民的「健康權」。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) It is the constitutional and legal responsibility of the State to protect people’s health and achieve “the right to health” via, among others, the provision of safe medicines. The vast amounts of advertisings have challenged the State to providing safety access to medicines. This thesis focuses on the advertisings of “virtual pharmacies”, and attempts to investigate how they stimulate consumer behaviors. Legally, the State controls pharmaceutical advertising by means of various different legislative and administrative measures. Nonetheless, this “top-down” process has had only limited effects due to rapid social change and the evolution of the protection of commercial speech. This thesis argues that, to fill the gap, the promotion and development of “health literacy”, i.e. a “bottom-up” way, could be the answer to a meaningful control of pharmaceutical advertisings.This thesis conducts empirical analyses and applies them to various theories of political economy regarding pharmaceutical advertising. Moreover, the relationships between “health literacy” and “the right to health” are also elaborated. It is argued that to substantiate the constitutional “right to health”, the best way is to promote and develop the concept of “health literacy”. Only through empowering the consumers with the proper knowledge of “health literacy” can the State, assisted by the implementation of relevant laws, fulfills its responsibility. “Health literacy” is as important as law itself, and the latter cannot satisfactorily operate to arrive at the desired results without the construction of the former. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 論文目錄中文摘要 i英文摘要 ii圖次 v表次 vi第一章 研究背景及目的 1一、緣起 1二、問題之提出 6三、研究目的與範圍 8第二章 文獻回顧及評述 11一、文獻回顧 11(一)藥品廣告與法規範:從商業言論到法條規範 11(二)健康權之討論 20(三)健康素養之賦權 33(四)傳播三大學派與Neil Postman對科學、技術與人文之反省 44二、文獻評析與對話 50第三章 方法論、研究方法與研究思維 52一、方法論之啟發 52二、研究工具之選用:研究方法之運用 59三、研究理路與論文架構 62第四章 藥品廣告之社會現實:法規範交融 64一、藥品、廣告之本質 64二、藥品廣告之現實:實證取徑分析 69三、藥品廣告之規範力:案例分析與型態分類 92四、小結:藥品廣告規範新思維 113第五章 藥品廣告規範之政治經濟學 118一、藥之簡史及其經濟效益概述 118二、藥品廣告之政治經濟學 122三、傳播政治經濟學之檢視 127四、法學政治經濟學之檢視 136五、小結:跨領域對話之檢視 139第六章 結論:健康權之實在 141一、法規範由上而下轉為由下而上之賦權方式 142二、健康權之實踐:健康素養之如何可能 144三、法規範與行政實務之完整:健康權之具體 149四、總結:人人都可以是健康的贏家 151五、研究議題的延續力 152參考文獻 154一、中文文獻 154二、英文文獻 160附件一:深度訪談名單 167附件二:深度訪談問題 169附件三:《藥事法》暨《藥事法施行細則》 170附件四:藥品廣告申請核定表 189附件五:過去一年核定通過之感冒藥品電視廣告內容整理 190圖次圖一:法規範把關藥品簡圖........................................................................................5圖二:本論文問題意識層次圖....................................................................................6圖三:「法規範」、「健康權」與「健康素養」互相牽動關係圖..............................8圖四:借用Jürgen Habermas旨趣概念所形成之落實人民健康權過程圖............10圖五:商業言論自由規範游動圖..............................................................................20圖六:聯合國經濟、社會與文化權利委員會對健康權之詮釋示意圖..................27圖七:健康權作為各種法益形成之關係圖..............................................................31圖八:法規範介入藥品廣告之連動圖......................................................................41圖九:法規範與健康素養作為實現健康權之關係圖..............................................59圖十:行政院衛生署食品藥物管理局藥品廣告業務主管組織圖..........................72圖十一:行政院衛生署中醫藥委員會藥品廣告業務主管組織圖..........................72圖十二:藥品廣告與民眾用藥關係圖....................................................................115圖十三:感冒藥品電視廣告內容剪輯圖................................................................133圖十四:閱聽人近用媒體的形式與實踐想像圖....................................................146表次表一:三大典範與傳播三大學派之「健康素養」本體論、認識論與方法論......47表二:批判典範的思維歷程......................................................................................59表三:台灣每年通過之藥品廣告數量統計表..........................................................74表四:台灣每年通過之藥品廣告不重複內容統計表..............................................76表五:台灣藥品廣告在媒體上的分布狀況表..........................................................78表六:台灣藥品廣告中的西藥品用途與人體治療關係整理表..............................81表七:台灣藥品廣告中的中藥品用途與人體治療關係整理表..............................86表八:藥品廣告內容申請處理原則-網路媒介......................................................95表九:藥物廣告內容審查之不適當廣告詞句共通性限制表..................................96表十:西藥廣告之不適當廣告詞句整理表..............................................................98表十一:中藥廣告之不適當廣告詞句整理............................................................100表十二:藥品廣告發生判決總體整理表................................................................102表十三:藥品廣告違反《藥事法》發生判決整理表............................................103表十四:歷年藥品廣告違反刑事規範案件之藥品與廣告媒體整理表................106表十五:歷年藥品廣告違反行政規範案件整理表................................................107表十六:近十年台灣總廣告量統計表....................................................................122表十七:感冒中藥廣告品項之整理........................................................................130表十八:感冒西藥廣告品項之整理........................................................................131 zh_TW dc.language.iso en_US - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0934515051 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 媒體識讀 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 健康素養 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新素養 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 健康權 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 傳播法規 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 藥品廣告 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) media literacy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) health literacy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) new literacy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) the right to health en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) communications law en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) pharmaceutical advertising en_US dc.title (題名) 藥品廣告之法規範與健康素養 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The regulation of pharmaceutical advertising and health literacy en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻一、中文部分丁志音(1986)。〈田野方法與參與觀察在衛生教育上的運用與價值〉,《公共衛生》,13(3): 279-293。丁志音(1988a)。〈生活方式與健康-概念、倫理及政策的討論上〉,《公共衛生》,15(1): 16-26。丁志音(1988b)。〈生活方式與健康-概念、倫理及政策的討論下〉,《公共衛生》,15(2): 157-173。丁志音(2004)。〈健康知能與醫療照護品質〉,行政院衛生署(編),《全民健保醫療品質》,頁57-93。台北:衛生署。丁志音、徐美苓(2004)。〈全民健保制度下民眾健康知能之提升〉,行政院衛生署(編),《全民健保醫療資源配置與合理使用》,頁305-356。台北:衛生署。丁志音、劉芳助、李袖瑜(2007)。〈以追求身心完美為名:生活機能醫藥對健康照護的危害〉,《台灣公共衛生雜誌》,26(6): 443-451。王志弘譯(2011)。《好研究怎麼做-從理論、方法、證據構思研究問題》,台北:群學。(原書Alford, R. 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