學術產出-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

政大圖書館

Citation Infomation

  • No doi shows Citation Infomation
題名 行動旅遊服務分類及系統發展研究
Classification and system development for mobile tourism services
作者 張小萍
Chang, Hsiao Ping
貢獻者 余千智
Yu, Chien Chih
張小萍
Chang, Hsiao Ping
關鍵詞 服務分類
系統發展
行動旅遊服務
行動服務
service classification
system development
mobile tourism service
mobile service
日期 2011
上傳時間 30-Oct-2012 11:21:31 (UTC+8)
摘要 行動服務分類與系統開發是一個理論上與實務上重要的議題,其中以應用在旅遊業的行動旅遊服務備受關注。本研究試圖提出以多觀點的角度來找出、分類、評估與開發具有價值的行動旅遊服務。也就是說,本研究試圖提出有價值的行動旅遊服務與服務分類,透過多觀點的角度來評估研究所提出的行動旅遊服務與服務分類,並提出系統開發架構與方法,透過雛型系統建置來驗證系統開發方法的可行性與雛型系統的效能。
本研究範圍主要在企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務,主要研究貢獻在於服務分類架構與系統開發架構。本研究試圖透過服務分類架構將企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務彙整出企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務分類,並透過旅客、電信業者與旅遊業等多觀點來評估本研究所提出的企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務與服務分類。本研究並根據系統開發架構來建置與評估企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務的雛型系統,來驗證本研究所提出的行動旅遊服務的可行性。為了驗證本研究所提出的服務分類架構的可應用性,本研究試圖將此服務分類架構延伸應用到企業內部的行動旅遊服務,並透過管理階層與員工雙方的觀點整理出企業內部的行動旅遊服務與服務分類。
本研究的研究方法主要為設計科學。透過文獻探討、半結構化的群組訪談與問卷調查來找出、分類與評估企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務與服務分類。透過物件導向系統發展方法與評估問卷來建置並評估企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務的雛型系統。做為一個延伸研究,企業內部的行動旅遊服務與服務分類所採用的研究方法包括文獻探討、半結構化的焦點團體討論與半結構化的田野訪談。
在企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務分類研究結果發現:(1) 在企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務分類中,行動搜尋與通知服務、行動推薦服務、行動交易與付款服務為三項旅客認為最有用,且電信業與旅遊業都認為最重要、最可行、最符合成本效益的服務;(2) 相較於旅遊業,電信業對於企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務態度上較積極;(3) 旅遊業與電信業者對於所提出的企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務的評估,在評分排序上是相同的。
本研究亦建置行動推薦服務的雛型系統,來說明系統發展架構與設計方法。行動推薦服務會依據旅客現在的位置與時間,以及個人偏好與需求,來進行個人化的地點相關的推薦,包括景點推薦、飯店推薦、餐廳推薦與旅遊行程推薦等。系統滿意度調查顯示該雛型系統具有高度系統滿意度。
就企業內部的行動旅遊服務分類的研究結果顯示,不同管理階層對於企業內部的行動旅遊服務有不同的需求,而不同的企業內部的行動旅遊服務在技術上的難易程度也不同。透過企業內部的行動旅遊服務分類架構,很容易瞭解到該企業內部的行動旅遊服務在技術上的複雜度與管理上的需求程度。這樣的服務分類架構對於規劃與開發企業內部的行動旅遊服務,提供一個參考基準與指引。此外,本研究結果指出,行動旅遊品質控管服務對管理階層來說,是很重要、可行與符合成本效益的服務。而行動銷售支援服務對管理階層來說,是一個可行有效但不是很重要的服務。最後,本研究建議後續研究將本研究所提的服務分類架構與系統開發架構應用到其他的行動服務領域,以驗證本研究所提出的服務分類架構與系統開發架構的可應用性。
The service classification and system development of mobile services is an important issue both in research and in practice, and research attention is called to the mobile services for the tourism industry. This study tries to identify, classify, evaluate, and develop value-added mobile tourism services with multiple perspectives. That is, user groups with different perspectives are asked to evaluate the proposed value-added mobile tourism services as well as a mobile tourism service classification framework. Moreover, this study also proposes the system development framework and processes, and the prototype system is built and evaluated to validate the feasibility of the proposed system development framework as well as the effectiveness of the prototype system.
The research scope is focused on the B2C mobile tourism services, and the main contribution of this study is the proposed service classification framework and the system development framework. This study tries to identify and classify B2C mobile tourism services based on the proposed service classification framework and processes. Moreover, tourists, 3G operators and the tourism industry are asked to evaluate the proposed B2C mobile tourism services as well as the service classification. Based on the proposed system development framework and processes, this study also builds and evaluates the prototype system to validate the feasibility of the proposed B2C mobile tourism services. To validate the appliance of our service classification framework, an extension research to the B2E mobile tourism services is also conducted. Management perspectives including managers and employees are taken into accounts to summarize the B2E mobile tourism services and the service classification framework.
The research methodology used in this study is the design science research methodology. With literature reviews, semi-structured group interviews, and surveys to identify, classify, and evaluate B2C mobile tourism services as well as the service classification. The prototype system of the B2C mobile tourism services is built through object-oriented system analysis and design, and the survey questionnaire is used for the system evaluation of the prototype system. As an extension study, the B2E mobile tourism service classification research is built with literature reviews, semi-structured focus group discussions and semi-structured field interviews.
The B2C mobile tourism service classification research results are as follows. (1) The mobile search & notification services, the mobile recommendation services, and the mobile transaction & payment services are top three useful B2C mobile tourism services valued by tourists, and these three B2C mobile tourism services are top three most important, feasible and cost-benefit effective services from the 3G operators’ and travel agencies’ perspectives. (2) The 3G operators hold more positive attitudes towards the B2C mobile tourism services than the tourism industry does. (3) Tourism industry sets the same priority list toward the proposed B2C mobile tourism services as the 3G operators do.
In this study, an application prototype of mobile recommendation services is also implemented to illustrate the development framework and design methods. The mobile recommendation services provide personalized and location-based recommendations regarding sightseeing spots, hotels, restaurants, and packaged tour plans based on tourists’ current location and time, as well as personal preferences and needs. Results from the system evaluation indicate high system satisfaction toward the prototype system.
Based on the research results of the B2E mobile tourism service classification, different management levels have different needs for B2E mobile tourism services, and different B2E mobile tourism services have different technology complexities. Through this B2E mobile tourism service classification framework, it is easy to understand the technology complexities of the B2E mobile tourism services and managerial needs for the B2E mobile tourism services. Such service classification framework offers a reference baseline and guidance for planning and system development of B2E mobile tourism services. Moreover, this research results show that from managers’ perspectives, the mobile tour quality control services are important, feasible, and cost-benefit effective while the mobile sales support services are feasible, effective, but not so important services. Finally, future researches are suggested to apply the service classification framework and system development framework to other mobile service domain to validate the appliance of the proposed service classification framework and system development framework.
參考文獻 1. Abowd, G. D., Atkeson, C. G., Hong, J., Long, S., Kooper, R. and Pinkerton, M. (1997). Cyberguide: a mobile context-aware tour guide. Wireless Networks, 3(5), 421-433.
2. Alfaro, I., Nardon, M., Pianesi, F., Stock, O. and Zancanaro, M. (2004). Using cinematic techniques on mobile devices for cultural tourism. Information Technology & Tourism, 7(2), 19 pages.
3. Anckar, B. and D’Incau, D. (2002). Value creation in mobile commerce: findings from a consumer survey. Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application, 4(1), 43-64.
4. Ardissono, L., Goy, A., Petrone, G., Segnan, M. and Torasso, P. (2003). Intrigue: personalized recommendation of tourist attractions for desktop and handheld devices. Applied Artificial Intelligence, 17(8-9), 687-714.
5. Aschoff, F. and Novak, J. (2008). The mobile forum: real-time information exchange in mobile SMS communities. Proceedings of the 26th Annual SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 3489-3494.
6. Axup, J. and Viller, S. (2005). Augmenting travel gossip: design for mobile communities. Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Computer-Human Interaction Special Interest Group (CHISIG) of Australia on Computer-Human Interactions, 4 pages.
7. Barnes, S. J. (2003). Location-based Services: the state of the art. E-Service Journal, 2(3), 59-70.
8. Barnes, S. (2004). Wireless support for mobile distributed work: a taxonomy and examples. Proceedings of the 37th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 10 pages.
9. Basole, R. C. and Chao, R. O. (2004). Location-based mobile decision support systems and their effect on user performance. Proceedings of the 10th Americas Conference on Information Systems, 2870-2874.
10. Bellotti, V., Begole, B., Chi, E. H., Ducheneaut, N., Fang, J., Isaacs, E., King, T., Newman, M. W., Partridge, K., Price, B., Rasmussen, P., Roberts, M., Schiano, D. J. and Walendowski, A. (2008). Activity-based serendipitous recommendations with the Magitti mobile leisure guide. Proceedings of the 26th Annual SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1157-1166.
11. Berger, S., Lehmann, H., and Lehner, F. (2003). Location based services in the tourist industry. Information Technology & Tourism, 5(4), 243-256.
12. Buhalis, D., Law, R. (2008). Progress in Information Technology and Tourism Management: 20 Years on and 10 Years after the Internet—The State of eTourism Research. Tourism Management, 29(4), 609–623.
13. Buhalis, D. and Licata, M. C. (2002). The future eTourism intermediaries. Tourism Management, 23(3), 207-220.
14. Cabrera, J. S., Frutos, H. M., Stoica, A. G., Avouris, N., Dimitriadis, Y., Fiotakis, G. and Liveri, K. D. (2005). Mystery in the museum: collaborative learning using handheld devices. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, 315-318.
15. Camponovo, G. and Pigneur, Y. (2002). Analyzing the m-business landscape. Annals of Telecommunications, 58 (1-2), 59-77.
16. Carlsson, C., Carlsson, J. and Walden, P. (2005). Mobile services for the hospitality industry. Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Information Systems, 12 pages.
17. Castillo, L., Armengol, E., Onaindia, E., Sebastia, L., Gonzalez-Boticario, J., Rodriguez, A., Fernandez, S., Arias, J. D. and Borrajo, D. (2008). SAMAP: an user-oriented adaptive system for planning tourist visits. Expert Systems with Applications, 34(2), 1318-1332.
18. Chen, L. and Nath, R. (2004). A framework for mobile business applications. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 2 (4), 368-381.
19. Chen, M., Zhang, D. and Zhou, L. (2005). Providing web services to mobile users: the architecture design of an m-service portal. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 3 (1), 1-18.
20. Chen, P.-T. and Cheng, J. Z. (2010). Unlocking the promise of mobile value added services by applying new collaborative business models. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 77 (4), 678-693.
21. Chen, Y. S., Kao, T. C. and Sheu, J. P. (2003). A mobile learning system for scaffolding bird watching learning. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 19(3), 347-359.
22. Cheverst, K., Davies, N., Mitchell, K., Friday, A. and Efstratiou, C. (2000). Developing a context-aware electronic tourist guide: some issues and experiences. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 17-24.
23. Chiu, D. K. W., Yueh, Y. T. F., Leung, H.-F. and Hung, P. C. K. (2009). Towards ubiquitous tourist service coordination and process integration: a collaborative travel agent system architecture with semantic web services. Information Systems Frontiers, 11 (3), 241-256.
24. Cil, I., Alpturk, O., and Yazgan, H. R. (2005). A new collaborative system framework based on a multiple perspective approach: InteliTeam. Decision Support Systems, 39 (4), 619-641.
25. Clarke, I. (2001). Emerging value propositions for m-commerce. Journal of Business Strategies, 8 (2), 133-148.
26. Cooper, C. (2006). Knowledge management and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 33 (1), 47-64.
27. Derballa, V. and Pousttchi, K. (2004). Extending knowledge management to mobile workplaces. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electronic Commerce, 583-590.
28. Driver, C. and Clarke, S. (2008). An application framework for mobile, context-aware trails. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 4 (5), 719-736.
29. European Commission (2003). Final report of working group on mobile services for tourism. Retrieved Sep. 1, 2006, from http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/services/tourism/tourism-publications/documents/mobileservices.pdf.
30. Feyne, J. et al. (2009). Automated murmurs : the social mobile tourist application. Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, 1021-1026.
31. Garces, S. A., Gorgemans, S., Sanchez, A. M., and Perez, M. P. (2004). Implications of the Internet – an analysis of the Aragonese hospitality industry, 2002. Tourism Management, 25 (5), 603-613.
32. Giaglis, G. M., Kourouthanassis, P. and Tsamakos, A. (2002). Towards a classification framework for mobile location services. In E.B. Mennecke & T.J. Strader (Eds.), Mobile Commerce - Technology, Theory, and Applications (pp. 67-85), Idea Group Publishing.
33. Goto, K. and Kambayashi, Y. (2003). Integration of electronic tickets and personal guide system for public transport using mobile terminals. Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, 642-646.
34. Grun, C. et al. (2008). Assisting tourist on the move – an evaluation of mobile tourist guides. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Mobile Business, 171-180.
35. Hand, A., Cardiff, J., Magee, P. and Doody, J. (2006). An architecture and development methodology for location-based services. Eelctronic Commerce Research and Applications, 5(3), 201-208.
36. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. and Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis, 7th edition, Prentice-Hall.
37. Hevner, A. R., March, S. T., Park, J., and Ram, S. (2004). Design science in information systems research. MIS Quarterly, 28 (1), 75-105.
38. Hinze, A. and Voisard, A. (2003). Location- and time-based information delivery in tourism. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2750, 489-507.
39. Kakaletris, G., Varoutas, D., Katsianis, D., Sphicopoulos, T. and Kouvas, G. (2004). Designing and implementing an open infrastructure for location-based, tourism-related content delivery. Wireless Personal Communications, 30(2-4), 153-165.
40. Kansa, E. C. and Wilde, E. (2008). Tourism, peer production, and location-based service design. Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference on Service Computing, 629-636.
41. Kown, Q. and Shin, M. K. (2008). LACO: a location-based cooperative query system for securely personalized services. Expert Systems with Applications, 34 (4), 2966-2975.
42. Laudon, J. P. and Laudon, K. C. (2004). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, 8th ed. Prentice Hall.
43. Leem, C. S., Suh, H. S., and Kim, D. S. (2004). A classification of mobile business models and its applications. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 104 (1), 78-87.
44. Liao, Z. (2003). Real-time taxi dispatching using global positioning systems. Communications of the ACM, 46 (5), 81-83.
45. Liebowitz, J. (2007). Developing knowledge and learning strategies in mobile organizations. International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation, 1 (1), 5-14.
46. Lu, Y., Zhang, L., and Wang, B. (2009). A multidimensional and hierarchical model of mobile service quality. JElectronic Commerce Research and Applications, 8 (5), 228-240.
47. Lukkari, J., Korhonen, J. and Ojala, T. (2004). SmartRestaurant – mobile payments in context-aware environment. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electronic Commerce, 575-582.
48. Lyytinen, K. and Yoo, Y. (2002). Research commentary: the next wave of nomadic computing. Information Systems Research, 13 (4), 377-388.
49. Maamar, Z., Yahyaoui, H. and Mansoor, W. (2004). Design and development of an m-commerce environment: the E-CWE project. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 14 (4), 285-303.
50. Mallat, N., Rossi, M., Tuunainen, V. K. and Oorni, A. (2006). The impact of use situation and mobility on the acceptance of mobile ticketing services. Proceedings of the 39th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 10 pages.
51. March, S. T. and Smith, G. F. (1995). Design and natural science research on information technology. Decision Support Systems, 15 (4), 251-266.
52. National Communications Commission (2012). Telecommunication Figures in 2011. Retrieved May 20, 2012, from http://www.ncc.gov.tw/english/show_file.aspx?table_name=news&file_sn=732.
53. Ngai, E. W. T. and Gunasekaran, A. (2007). A review for mobile commerce research and applications. Decision Support Systems, 43(1), 3-15.
54. Nielsen, L. B. (2004). Post Disney experience paradigm? Some implications for the development of content to mobile tourist services. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electronic Commerce, 657-666.
55. Olofsson, S., Carlsson, V. and Sjolander, J. (2006). The friend locator: supporting visitors at large-scale events. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 10(2-3), 84-89.
56. Ondrus, J. and Pigneur, Y. (2006). Towards a holistic analysis of mobile payments: a multiple perspectives approach. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 5(3), 246-257.
57. Ortiz, G. F., Branco, A. S. C., Sancho, P. R. and Castillo, J. L. (2001). ESTIA-Efficient electronic services for tourists in action. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2193, 163-174.
58. Peffers, K., Tuunanen, T., Rothenberger, M. A., and Chatterjee, S. (2007). A design science research methodology for information systems research. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(3), 45-77.
59. Pousman, Z., Iachello, G., Fithian, R., Moghazy, J. and Stasko, J. (2004). Design iterations for a location-aware event planner. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 8(2), 117-125.
60. Proll, B. and Retschitzegger, W. (2000). Discovering next-generation tourism information systems – a tour on TIScover. Journal of Travel Research, 39(2), 182-191.
61. Prykop, C. and Heitmann, M. (2006). Designing mobile brand communities: concept and empirical illustration. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 16 (3-4), 301-323.
62. Rangone, A. and Renga, F. M. (2006). B2E mobile internet: an exploratory study of Italian applications. Business Process Management Journal, 12 (3), 330-343.
63. Ricci, F. and Nguyen, Q. N. (2007). Acquiring revising preferences in a critique-based mobile recommender system. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 22 (3), 22-29.
64. Roschelle, J., Sharples, M. and Chan, T. W. (2005). Introduction to the special issue on wireless and mobile technologies in education. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 21 (3), 159-161.
65. Roth, J. and Unger, C. (2001). Using handheld devices in synchronous collaborative scenarios. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 5 (4), 243-252.
66. Sadoun, B. and Al-Bayari, O. (2007). Location based services using geographical information systems. Computer Communications, 30 (16), 3154-3160.
67. Scherp, A. and Boll, S. (2004). Generic support for personalized mobile multimedia tourist applications. Proceedings of the 2004 ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 178-179.
68. Scornavacca, E., Barnes, S. J. and Huff, S. L. (2006). Mobile business research published in 2000-2004: emergence, current status, and future opportunities. Communications of the Association for Information System, 17, 635-646.
69. Shen, J. (2003). Utilizing mobile devices to capture case stories for knowledge management. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Human Interaction, 688-689.
70. Shim, J. P., Warkentin, M., Courtney, J. F., Power, D. J., Sharda, R. and Carlsson, C. (2002). Past, present, and future of decision support technology. Decision Support Systems, 33 (2), 111-126.
71. Tarasewich, P. (2003). Designing mobile commerce applications. Communications of the ACM, 46 (12), 57-60.
72. Tourism Bureau (2011). 2010 Survey of Travel by R.O.C. Citizens. Retrieved May 20, 2012, from http://admin.taiwan.net.tw/upload/statistic_eng/20110816/08ed5146-f7c4-45dd-93c8-09eafb5fc4f5.doc.
73. Tsai, H.-T., Huang, L., and Lin, C.-G. (2005). Emerging e-commerce development model for Taiwanese travel agencies. Tourism Management, 26 (5), 787-796.
74. Tsamakos, A., Giaglis, G. M. and Kourouthanassis, P. (2002). Auctioning tourism products over mobile devices. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Mobile Commerce, 10 pages.
75. Tsang, M. M., Ho, S.-C. and Liang, T.-P. (2004). Consumer attitude toward mobile advertising: en empirical study. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 8 (3), 65-78.
76. Varshney, U. (2003). Wireless I: Mobile and wireless information systems: applications, networks, and research problems. Communications of the Association for Information System, 12, 155-166.
77. Vetter, R. (2001). The wireless web. Communications of the ACM, 44 (3), 60-61.
78. Wang, S. and Cheung, W. (2004). E-business adoption by travel agencies: prime candidates for mobile e-business. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 8 (3), 43-63.
79. Wei, F.-H. and Chen, G.-D. (2006). Collaborative mentor support in a learning context using a ubiquitous discussion forum to facilitate knowledge sharing for lifelong learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 37 (6), 917-935.
80. Werthner, H. and Ricci, F. (2004). E-commerce and tourism. Communications of the ACM, 47 (12), 101-105.
81. Wu, W.-H. (2006). An exploratory study of reintermediation of Taiwan travel industry in the e-commerce environment. Journal of Information Management, 13 (1), 243-269.
82. Yeo, J. and Huang, W. (2003). Mobile e-commerce outlook. International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, 2(2), 313-332.
83. Yu, C. C. (2005). Personalized and community decision support in e-tourism intermediaries. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 3588, 900-909.
84. Zhang, D., Chen, M. and Zhou, L. (2005). Dynamic and Personalized Web Services Composition in E-Business. Information Systems Management, 22(3), 50–65.
85. Zurita, G. and Nussbaum, M. (2004). Computer supported collaborative learning using wireless interconnected handheld computers. Computers & Education, 42 (3), 289-314.
描述 博士
國立政治大學
資訊管理研究所
90356504
100
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0903565041
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 余千智zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Yu, Chien Chihen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 張小萍zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chang, Hsiao Pingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 張小萍zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chang, Hsiao Pingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2011en_US
dc.date.accessioned 30-Oct-2012 11:21:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 30-Oct-2012 11:21:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 30-Oct-2012 11:21:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0903565041en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/54578-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 90356504zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 100zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 行動服務分類與系統開發是一個理論上與實務上重要的議題,其中以應用在旅遊業的行動旅遊服務備受關注。本研究試圖提出以多觀點的角度來找出、分類、評估與開發具有價值的行動旅遊服務。也就是說,本研究試圖提出有價值的行動旅遊服務與服務分類,透過多觀點的角度來評估研究所提出的行動旅遊服務與服務分類,並提出系統開發架構與方法,透過雛型系統建置來驗證系統開發方法的可行性與雛型系統的效能。
本研究範圍主要在企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務,主要研究貢獻在於服務分類架構與系統開發架構。本研究試圖透過服務分類架構將企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務彙整出企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務分類,並透過旅客、電信業者與旅遊業等多觀點來評估本研究所提出的企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務與服務分類。本研究並根據系統開發架構來建置與評估企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務的雛型系統,來驗證本研究所提出的行動旅遊服務的可行性。為了驗證本研究所提出的服務分類架構的可應用性,本研究試圖將此服務分類架構延伸應用到企業內部的行動旅遊服務,並透過管理階層與員工雙方的觀點整理出企業內部的行動旅遊服務與服務分類。
本研究的研究方法主要為設計科學。透過文獻探討、半結構化的群組訪談與問卷調查來找出、分類與評估企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務與服務分類。透過物件導向系統發展方法與評估問卷來建置並評估企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務的雛型系統。做為一個延伸研究,企業內部的行動旅遊服務與服務分類所採用的研究方法包括文獻探討、半結構化的焦點團體討論與半結構化的田野訪談。
在企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務分類研究結果發現:(1) 在企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務分類中,行動搜尋與通知服務、行動推薦服務、行動交易與付款服務為三項旅客認為最有用,且電信業與旅遊業都認為最重要、最可行、最符合成本效益的服務;(2) 相較於旅遊業,電信業對於企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務態度上較積極;(3) 旅遊業與電信業者對於所提出的企業對客戶的行動旅遊服務的評估,在評分排序上是相同的。
本研究亦建置行動推薦服務的雛型系統,來說明系統發展架構與設計方法。行動推薦服務會依據旅客現在的位置與時間,以及個人偏好與需求,來進行個人化的地點相關的推薦,包括景點推薦、飯店推薦、餐廳推薦與旅遊行程推薦等。系統滿意度調查顯示該雛型系統具有高度系統滿意度。
就企業內部的行動旅遊服務分類的研究結果顯示,不同管理階層對於企業內部的行動旅遊服務有不同的需求,而不同的企業內部的行動旅遊服務在技術上的難易程度也不同。透過企業內部的行動旅遊服務分類架構,很容易瞭解到該企業內部的行動旅遊服務在技術上的複雜度與管理上的需求程度。這樣的服務分類架構對於規劃與開發企業內部的行動旅遊服務,提供一個參考基準與指引。此外,本研究結果指出,行動旅遊品質控管服務對管理階層來說,是很重要、可行與符合成本效益的服務。而行動銷售支援服務對管理階層來說,是一個可行有效但不是很重要的服務。最後,本研究建議後續研究將本研究所提的服務分類架構與系統開發架構應用到其他的行動服務領域,以驗證本研究所提出的服務分類架構與系統開發架構的可應用性。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The service classification and system development of mobile services is an important issue both in research and in practice, and research attention is called to the mobile services for the tourism industry. This study tries to identify, classify, evaluate, and develop value-added mobile tourism services with multiple perspectives. That is, user groups with different perspectives are asked to evaluate the proposed value-added mobile tourism services as well as a mobile tourism service classification framework. Moreover, this study also proposes the system development framework and processes, and the prototype system is built and evaluated to validate the feasibility of the proposed system development framework as well as the effectiveness of the prototype system.
The research scope is focused on the B2C mobile tourism services, and the main contribution of this study is the proposed service classification framework and the system development framework. This study tries to identify and classify B2C mobile tourism services based on the proposed service classification framework and processes. Moreover, tourists, 3G operators and the tourism industry are asked to evaluate the proposed B2C mobile tourism services as well as the service classification. Based on the proposed system development framework and processes, this study also builds and evaluates the prototype system to validate the feasibility of the proposed B2C mobile tourism services. To validate the appliance of our service classification framework, an extension research to the B2E mobile tourism services is also conducted. Management perspectives including managers and employees are taken into accounts to summarize the B2E mobile tourism services and the service classification framework.
The research methodology used in this study is the design science research methodology. With literature reviews, semi-structured group interviews, and surveys to identify, classify, and evaluate B2C mobile tourism services as well as the service classification. The prototype system of the B2C mobile tourism services is built through object-oriented system analysis and design, and the survey questionnaire is used for the system evaluation of the prototype system. As an extension study, the B2E mobile tourism service classification research is built with literature reviews, semi-structured focus group discussions and semi-structured field interviews.
The B2C mobile tourism service classification research results are as follows. (1) The mobile search & notification services, the mobile recommendation services, and the mobile transaction & payment services are top three useful B2C mobile tourism services valued by tourists, and these three B2C mobile tourism services are top three most important, feasible and cost-benefit effective services from the 3G operators’ and travel agencies’ perspectives. (2) The 3G operators hold more positive attitudes towards the B2C mobile tourism services than the tourism industry does. (3) Tourism industry sets the same priority list toward the proposed B2C mobile tourism services as the 3G operators do.
In this study, an application prototype of mobile recommendation services is also implemented to illustrate the development framework and design methods. The mobile recommendation services provide personalized and location-based recommendations regarding sightseeing spots, hotels, restaurants, and packaged tour plans based on tourists’ current location and time, as well as personal preferences and needs. Results from the system evaluation indicate high system satisfaction toward the prototype system.
Based on the research results of the B2E mobile tourism service classification, different management levels have different needs for B2E mobile tourism services, and different B2E mobile tourism services have different technology complexities. Through this B2E mobile tourism service classification framework, it is easy to understand the technology complexities of the B2E mobile tourism services and managerial needs for the B2E mobile tourism services. Such service classification framework offers a reference baseline and guidance for planning and system development of B2E mobile tourism services. Moreover, this research results show that from managers’ perspectives, the mobile tour quality control services are important, feasible, and cost-benefit effective while the mobile sales support services are feasible, effective, but not so important services. Finally, future researches are suggested to apply the service classification framework and system development framework to other mobile service domain to validate the appliance of the proposed service classification framework and system development framework.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research Background 1
1.2 Research Objective 2
1.3 Research Methodology 4
1.4 Study Limitation 8
Chapter 2 Literature Review on B2C Mobile Tourism Service 9
2.1 Requirement Assessment of B2C Mobile Tourism Service 9
2.2 System Development for B2C Mobile Tourism Service 11
Chapter 3 Research Method for B2C Mobile Tourism Service Classification 13
3.1 Research Method for B2C Mobile Tourism Service Identification 13
3.2 Research Method B2C Mobile Tourism Service Classification 14
3.3 Research Method for B2C Mobile Tourism Service Evaluation 19
Chapter 4 Research Result for B2C Mobile Tourism Service Classification 24
4.1 Demographics for B2C Mobile Tourism Service Evaluation Survey 24
4.2 Reliability and Validity for B2C Mobile Tourism Service Evaluation Survey 25
4.3 B2C Mobile Tourism Service Evaluation by Tourists 30
4.4 B2C Mobile Tourism Service Evaluation by Service Providers 31
4.5 Discussion on B2C Mobile Tourism Service Classification Result 33
Chapter 5 System Development for B2C Mobile Tourism Service 35
5.1 Requirement Analysis of B2C Mobile Tourism Service 35
5.2 System Framework and Process for B2C Mobile Tourism Service 36
5.3 Database Design for B2C Mobile Tourism Service 38
5.4 System Implementation for B2C Mobile Tourism Service 44
5.5 System Evaluation for B2C Mobile Tourism Service 48
Chapter 6 Extension to B2E Mobile Tourism Service Classification 51
6.1 Literature Review on B2E Mobile Tourism Service Classification 51
6.2 Research Method for B2E Mobile Tourism Service Classification 53
6.3 Research Result for B2E Mobile Tourism Service Classification 58
6.4 Discussion on B2E Mobile Tourism Service Classification Result 66
Chapter 7 Conclusion 69
7.1 Discussions and Managerial Implications 69
7.2 Limitations and Future Research Directions 70
References……………………. 73
Appendix 1. B2C Tourist On-line Survey 79
Appendix 2. B2C 3G Operator On-line Survey 82
Appendix 3. B2C Travel Agency Mail Survey 86
Appendix 4. B2C System Evaluation Survey 89
Appendix 5. B2E Mobile Service Survey 91
Appendix 6. B2E Mobile Service Framework Survey 94
Appendix 7. Item-to-item Correlation Matrix of the Usefulness Ratings by Tourists 97
Appendix 8. Item-to-item Correlation Matrix of the Importance Ratings by 3G Operators 98
Appendix 9 Item-to-item Correlation Matrix of the Feasibility Ratings by 3G Operators 99
Appendix 10. Item-to-item Correlation Matrix of the Effectiveness Ratings by 3G Operators…………………. 100
Appendix 11. Item-to-item Correlation Matrix of the Importance Ratings by Travel Agencies……………………… 101
Appendix 12. Item-to-item Correlation Matrix of the Feasibility Ratings by Travel Agencies…………………… 102
Appendix 13. Item-to-item Correlation Matrix of the Effectiveness Ratings by Travel Agencies………………….. 103
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0903565041en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 服務分類zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 系統發展zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 行動旅遊服務zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 行動服務zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) service classificationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) system developmenten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) mobile tourism serviceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) mobile serviceen_US
dc.title (題名) 行動旅遊服務分類及系統發展研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Classification and system development for mobile tourism servicesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. Abowd, G. D., Atkeson, C. G., Hong, J., Long, S., Kooper, R. and Pinkerton, M. (1997). Cyberguide: a mobile context-aware tour guide. Wireless Networks, 3(5), 421-433.
2. Alfaro, I., Nardon, M., Pianesi, F., Stock, O. and Zancanaro, M. (2004). Using cinematic techniques on mobile devices for cultural tourism. Information Technology & Tourism, 7(2), 19 pages.
3. Anckar, B. and D’Incau, D. (2002). Value creation in mobile commerce: findings from a consumer survey. Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application, 4(1), 43-64.
4. Ardissono, L., Goy, A., Petrone, G., Segnan, M. and Torasso, P. (2003). Intrigue: personalized recommendation of tourist attractions for desktop and handheld devices. Applied Artificial Intelligence, 17(8-9), 687-714.
5. Aschoff, F. and Novak, J. (2008). The mobile forum: real-time information exchange in mobile SMS communities. Proceedings of the 26th Annual SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 3489-3494.
6. Axup, J. and Viller, S. (2005). Augmenting travel gossip: design for mobile communities. Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Computer-Human Interaction Special Interest Group (CHISIG) of Australia on Computer-Human Interactions, 4 pages.
7. Barnes, S. J. (2003). Location-based Services: the state of the art. E-Service Journal, 2(3), 59-70.
8. Barnes, S. (2004). Wireless support for mobile distributed work: a taxonomy and examples. Proceedings of the 37th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 10 pages.
9. Basole, R. C. and Chao, R. O. (2004). Location-based mobile decision support systems and their effect on user performance. Proceedings of the 10th Americas Conference on Information Systems, 2870-2874.
10. Bellotti, V., Begole, B., Chi, E. H., Ducheneaut, N., Fang, J., Isaacs, E., King, T., Newman, M. W., Partridge, K., Price, B., Rasmussen, P., Roberts, M., Schiano, D. J. and Walendowski, A. (2008). Activity-based serendipitous recommendations with the Magitti mobile leisure guide. Proceedings of the 26th Annual SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1157-1166.
11. Berger, S., Lehmann, H., and Lehner, F. (2003). Location based services in the tourist industry. Information Technology & Tourism, 5(4), 243-256.
12. Buhalis, D., Law, R. (2008). Progress in Information Technology and Tourism Management: 20 Years on and 10 Years after the Internet—The State of eTourism Research. Tourism Management, 29(4), 609–623.
13. Buhalis, D. and Licata, M. C. (2002). The future eTourism intermediaries. Tourism Management, 23(3), 207-220.
14. Cabrera, J. S., Frutos, H. M., Stoica, A. G., Avouris, N., Dimitriadis, Y., Fiotakis, G. and Liveri, K. D. (2005). Mystery in the museum: collaborative learning using handheld devices. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, 315-318.
15. Camponovo, G. and Pigneur, Y. (2002). Analyzing the m-business landscape. Annals of Telecommunications, 58 (1-2), 59-77.
16. Carlsson, C., Carlsson, J. and Walden, P. (2005). Mobile services for the hospitality industry. Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Information Systems, 12 pages.
17. Castillo, L., Armengol, E., Onaindia, E., Sebastia, L., Gonzalez-Boticario, J., Rodriguez, A., Fernandez, S., Arias, J. D. and Borrajo, D. (2008). SAMAP: an user-oriented adaptive system for planning tourist visits. Expert Systems with Applications, 34(2), 1318-1332.
18. Chen, L. and Nath, R. (2004). A framework for mobile business applications. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 2 (4), 368-381.
19. Chen, M., Zhang, D. and Zhou, L. (2005). Providing web services to mobile users: the architecture design of an m-service portal. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 3 (1), 1-18.
20. Chen, P.-T. and Cheng, J. Z. (2010). Unlocking the promise of mobile value added services by applying new collaborative business models. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 77 (4), 678-693.
21. Chen, Y. S., Kao, T. C. and Sheu, J. P. (2003). A mobile learning system for scaffolding bird watching learning. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 19(3), 347-359.
22. Cheverst, K., Davies, N., Mitchell, K., Friday, A. and Efstratiou, C. (2000). Developing a context-aware electronic tourist guide: some issues and experiences. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 17-24.
23. Chiu, D. K. W., Yueh, Y. T. F., Leung, H.-F. and Hung, P. C. K. (2009). Towards ubiquitous tourist service coordination and process integration: a collaborative travel agent system architecture with semantic web services. Information Systems Frontiers, 11 (3), 241-256.
24. Cil, I., Alpturk, O., and Yazgan, H. R. (2005). A new collaborative system framework based on a multiple perspective approach: InteliTeam. Decision Support Systems, 39 (4), 619-641.
25. Clarke, I. (2001). Emerging value propositions for m-commerce. Journal of Business Strategies, 8 (2), 133-148.
26. Cooper, C. (2006). Knowledge management and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 33 (1), 47-64.
27. Derballa, V. and Pousttchi, K. (2004). Extending knowledge management to mobile workplaces. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electronic Commerce, 583-590.
28. Driver, C. and Clarke, S. (2008). An application framework for mobile, context-aware trails. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 4 (5), 719-736.
29. European Commission (2003). Final report of working group on mobile services for tourism. Retrieved Sep. 1, 2006, from http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/services/tourism/tourism-publications/documents/mobileservices.pdf.
30. Feyne, J. et al. (2009). Automated murmurs : the social mobile tourist application. Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, 1021-1026.
31. Garces, S. A., Gorgemans, S., Sanchez, A. M., and Perez, M. P. (2004). Implications of the Internet – an analysis of the Aragonese hospitality industry, 2002. Tourism Management, 25 (5), 603-613.
32. Giaglis, G. M., Kourouthanassis, P. and Tsamakos, A. (2002). Towards a classification framework for mobile location services. In E.B. Mennecke & T.J. Strader (Eds.), Mobile Commerce - Technology, Theory, and Applications (pp. 67-85), Idea Group Publishing.
33. Goto, K. and Kambayashi, Y. (2003). Integration of electronic tickets and personal guide system for public transport using mobile terminals. Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, 642-646.
34. Grun, C. et al. (2008). Assisting tourist on the move – an evaluation of mobile tourist guides. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Mobile Business, 171-180.
35. Hand, A., Cardiff, J., Magee, P. and Doody, J. (2006). An architecture and development methodology for location-based services. Eelctronic Commerce Research and Applications, 5(3), 201-208.
36. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. and Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis, 7th edition, Prentice-Hall.
37. Hevner, A. R., March, S. T., Park, J., and Ram, S. (2004). Design science in information systems research. MIS Quarterly, 28 (1), 75-105.
38. Hinze, A. and Voisard, A. (2003). Location- and time-based information delivery in tourism. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2750, 489-507.
39. Kakaletris, G., Varoutas, D., Katsianis, D., Sphicopoulos, T. and Kouvas, G. (2004). Designing and implementing an open infrastructure for location-based, tourism-related content delivery. Wireless Personal Communications, 30(2-4), 153-165.
40. Kansa, E. C. and Wilde, E. (2008). Tourism, peer production, and location-based service design. Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference on Service Computing, 629-636.
41. Kown, Q. and Shin, M. K. (2008). LACO: a location-based cooperative query system for securely personalized services. Expert Systems with Applications, 34 (4), 2966-2975.
42. Laudon, J. P. and Laudon, K. C. (2004). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, 8th ed. Prentice Hall.
43. Leem, C. S., Suh, H. S., and Kim, D. S. (2004). A classification of mobile business models and its applications. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 104 (1), 78-87.
44. Liao, Z. (2003). Real-time taxi dispatching using global positioning systems. Communications of the ACM, 46 (5), 81-83.
45. Liebowitz, J. (2007). Developing knowledge and learning strategies in mobile organizations. International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation, 1 (1), 5-14.
46. Lu, Y., Zhang, L., and Wang, B. (2009). A multidimensional and hierarchical model of mobile service quality. JElectronic Commerce Research and Applications, 8 (5), 228-240.
47. Lukkari, J., Korhonen, J. and Ojala, T. (2004). SmartRestaurant – mobile payments in context-aware environment. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electronic Commerce, 575-582.
48. Lyytinen, K. and Yoo, Y. (2002). Research commentary: the next wave of nomadic computing. Information Systems Research, 13 (4), 377-388.
49. Maamar, Z., Yahyaoui, H. and Mansoor, W. (2004). Design and development of an m-commerce environment: the E-CWE project. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 14 (4), 285-303.
50. Mallat, N., Rossi, M., Tuunainen, V. K. and Oorni, A. (2006). The impact of use situation and mobility on the acceptance of mobile ticketing services. Proceedings of the 39th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 10 pages.
51. March, S. T. and Smith, G. F. (1995). Design and natural science research on information technology. Decision Support Systems, 15 (4), 251-266.
52. National Communications Commission (2012). Telecommunication Figures in 2011. Retrieved May 20, 2012, from http://www.ncc.gov.tw/english/show_file.aspx?table_name=news&file_sn=732.
53. Ngai, E. W. T. and Gunasekaran, A. (2007). A review for mobile commerce research and applications. Decision Support Systems, 43(1), 3-15.
54. Nielsen, L. B. (2004). Post Disney experience paradigm? Some implications for the development of content to mobile tourist services. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electronic Commerce, 657-666.
55. Olofsson, S., Carlsson, V. and Sjolander, J. (2006). The friend locator: supporting visitors at large-scale events. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 10(2-3), 84-89.
56. Ondrus, J. and Pigneur, Y. (2006). Towards a holistic analysis of mobile payments: a multiple perspectives approach. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 5(3), 246-257.
57. Ortiz, G. F., Branco, A. S. C., Sancho, P. R. and Castillo, J. L. (2001). ESTIA-Efficient electronic services for tourists in action. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2193, 163-174.
58. Peffers, K., Tuunanen, T., Rothenberger, M. A., and Chatterjee, S. (2007). A design science research methodology for information systems research. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(3), 45-77.
59. Pousman, Z., Iachello, G., Fithian, R., Moghazy, J. and Stasko, J. (2004). Design iterations for a location-aware event planner. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 8(2), 117-125.
60. Proll, B. and Retschitzegger, W. (2000). Discovering next-generation tourism information systems – a tour on TIScover. Journal of Travel Research, 39(2), 182-191.
61. Prykop, C. and Heitmann, M. (2006). Designing mobile brand communities: concept and empirical illustration. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 16 (3-4), 301-323.
62. Rangone, A. and Renga, F. M. (2006). B2E mobile internet: an exploratory study of Italian applications. Business Process Management Journal, 12 (3), 330-343.
63. Ricci, F. and Nguyen, Q. N. (2007). Acquiring revising preferences in a critique-based mobile recommender system. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 22 (3), 22-29.
64. Roschelle, J., Sharples, M. and Chan, T. W. (2005). Introduction to the special issue on wireless and mobile technologies in education. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 21 (3), 159-161.
65. Roth, J. and Unger, C. (2001). Using handheld devices in synchronous collaborative scenarios. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 5 (4), 243-252.
66. Sadoun, B. and Al-Bayari, O. (2007). Location based services using geographical information systems. Computer Communications, 30 (16), 3154-3160.
67. Scherp, A. and Boll, S. (2004). Generic support for personalized mobile multimedia tourist applications. Proceedings of the 2004 ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 178-179.
68. Scornavacca, E., Barnes, S. J. and Huff, S. L. (2006). Mobile business research published in 2000-2004: emergence, current status, and future opportunities. Communications of the Association for Information System, 17, 635-646.
69. Shen, J. (2003). Utilizing mobile devices to capture case stories for knowledge management. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Human Interaction, 688-689.
70. Shim, J. P., Warkentin, M., Courtney, J. F., Power, D. J., Sharda, R. and Carlsson, C. (2002). Past, present, and future of decision support technology. Decision Support Systems, 33 (2), 111-126.
71. Tarasewich, P. (2003). Designing mobile commerce applications. Communications of the ACM, 46 (12), 57-60.
72. Tourism Bureau (2011). 2010 Survey of Travel by R.O.C. Citizens. Retrieved May 20, 2012, from http://admin.taiwan.net.tw/upload/statistic_eng/20110816/08ed5146-f7c4-45dd-93c8-09eafb5fc4f5.doc.
73. Tsai, H.-T., Huang, L., and Lin, C.-G. (2005). Emerging e-commerce development model for Taiwanese travel agencies. Tourism Management, 26 (5), 787-796.
74. Tsamakos, A., Giaglis, G. M. and Kourouthanassis, P. (2002). Auctioning tourism products over mobile devices. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Mobile Commerce, 10 pages.
75. Tsang, M. M., Ho, S.-C. and Liang, T.-P. (2004). Consumer attitude toward mobile advertising: en empirical study. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 8 (3), 65-78.
76. Varshney, U. (2003). Wireless I: Mobile and wireless information systems: applications, networks, and research problems. Communications of the Association for Information System, 12, 155-166.
77. Vetter, R. (2001). The wireless web. Communications of the ACM, 44 (3), 60-61.
78. Wang, S. and Cheung, W. (2004). E-business adoption by travel agencies: prime candidates for mobile e-business. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 8 (3), 43-63.
79. Wei, F.-H. and Chen, G.-D. (2006). Collaborative mentor support in a learning context using a ubiquitous discussion forum to facilitate knowledge sharing for lifelong learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 37 (6), 917-935.
80. Werthner, H. and Ricci, F. (2004). E-commerce and tourism. Communications of the ACM, 47 (12), 101-105.
81. Wu, W.-H. (2006). An exploratory study of reintermediation of Taiwan travel industry in the e-commerce environment. Journal of Information Management, 13 (1), 243-269.
82. Yeo, J. and Huang, W. (2003). Mobile e-commerce outlook. International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, 2(2), 313-332.
83. Yu, C. C. (2005). Personalized and community decision support in e-tourism intermediaries. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 3588, 900-909.
84. Zhang, D., Chen, M. and Zhou, L. (2005). Dynamic and Personalized Web Services Composition in E-Business. Information Systems Management, 22(3), 50–65.
85. Zurita, G. and Nussbaum, M. (2004). Computer supported collaborative learning using wireless interconnected handheld computers. Computers & Education, 42 (3), 289-314.
zh_TW