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題名 電刺激大鼠側韁核對區辨性低頻操作式制約行為的影響
The effects of electrical stimulation in the lateral habenula on operant behavior maintained by the differential reinforcement of low-rate (DRL) schedule of reinforcement in the rat
作者 林禧岳
貢獻者 廖瑞銘
林禧岳
關鍵詞 深部大腦電刺激
區辨性低頻操作式制約(DRL)行為
側韁核
多巴胺受體抑制劑
正腎上腺素受體抑制劑
deep brain stimulation
differential reinforcement of low-rate responding behavior
lateral habenula
dopamine receptor antagonists
norepinephrine receptor antagonists
日期 2011
上傳時間 30-Oct-2012 14:01:43 (UTC+8)
摘要 透過神經科學的研究，對於大腦的行為功能已有一定的認識，不同於以往的認識，目前認為神經行為機制不只由單一腦區或單一神經化學系統所調控。深部大腦電刺激經常被用來研究特定腦區的行為功能。但是，深部大腦電刺激的作用機制仍然不清楚。最近幾年臨床研究發現，利用電刺激在側韁核成功的治療憂鬱症患者。然而，目前認為側韁核與多巴胺系統互為負回饋作用，共同參與在動機行為的酬賞反應中。本實驗室先前的研究顯示，破壞韁核造成區辨性低頻操作式制約行為 (簡稱DRL行為)學習的障礙，然而，電刺激在側韁核造成DRL行為表現的結果還是未知的。所以，本實驗主要以電刺激在側韁核觀察大鼠行為上的改變，探討側韁核在行為上參與的功能。實驗一的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核並不影響自發性運動能力，在不同電流強度的刺激下也不會影響。實驗二的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核造成DRL 15秒的行為有類安非他命效果之行為表現，在高頻率電刺激有較顯著類安非他命的效果。實驗三的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核造成DRL 15秒的行為之影響，會被多巴胺受體抑制劑所抵消，而單獨注射巴胺受體抑制劑並不影響DRL 15秒的行為。實驗四的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核造成DRL 15秒的行為之影響，不會被正腎上腺素受體抑制劑所抵消。實驗五的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核造成DRL 72秒的行為之影響並不如DRL 15秒的行為顯著。實驗六的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核並不會造成大鼠無法區辨酬賞的量。綜合而言，側韁核在動機行為的角色，是透過影響多巴胺系統造成行為的改變。
Behavioral function of the brain has been studied in neuroscience and progressively accumulated informative data to reveal the neurobehavioral mechanisms. It is now realized that those underlying mechanisms of behaviors is not as such simple as previous thought of limiting only in one locus of the brain or solely by one neurochemical system. The deep brain stimulation is usually used to study the behavioral function of specific brain regions. However, the mechanism of the deep brain stimulation is still unclear. The previous study has shown that electrical stimulation of the lateral habenula (LHb) successfully treated depression symptoms in the patients. It is proposed that an inhibitory role of LHb on the mibrain dopamine (DA) system which mediates the reward-related behavior. A previous study of this lab showed that lesion of habenula impaired the acquisition of differential reinforcement of low-rate responding (DRL) behavior. But, the effect of LHb stimulation on the DRL behavior is still unclear. To determine the functions of LHb involving in the behavior, the electrical stimulation was applied in LHb to observe the behavioral change of rats. The results of Experiment 1 showed that the LHb stimulation had no effect on locomotor activity. In Experiment 2, the LHb stimulation was shown to affect DRL 15-s behavior, which effects were similar to those affected by amphetamine. Experiment 3 showed that the DA receptor antagonists reversed the effects of LHb stimulation, while experiment 4 showed that norepinephrine (NE) receptor antagonists had no reversal effect on DRL 15-s behavior. In Experiment 5, the amphetamine-like behavior induced by LHb stimulation had subtle effects on DRL 72-s behavior. Experiment 6 showed that the LHb stimulation had no effect on a discrimination task. These data suggest that the LHb modulating DRL behavior is DA-dependent.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
神經科學研究所
99754001
100
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0099754001
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 廖瑞銘zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林禧岳zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 林禧岳zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2011en_US
dc.date.accessioned 30-Oct-2012 14:01:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 30-Oct-2012 14:01:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 30-Oct-2012 14:01:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0099754001en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/54867-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 神經科學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99754001zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 100zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 透過神經科學的研究，對於大腦的行為功能已有一定的認識，不同於以往的認識，目前認為神經行為機制不只由單一腦區或單一神經化學系統所調控。深部大腦電刺激經常被用來研究特定腦區的行為功能。但是，深部大腦電刺激的作用機制仍然不清楚。最近幾年臨床研究發現，利用電刺激在側韁核成功的治療憂鬱症患者。然而，目前認為側韁核與多巴胺系統互為負回饋作用，共同參與在動機行為的酬賞反應中。本實驗室先前的研究顯示，破壞韁核造成區辨性低頻操作式制約行為 (簡稱DRL行為)學習的障礙，然而，電刺激在側韁核造成DRL行為表現的結果還是未知的。所以，本實驗主要以電刺激在側韁核觀察大鼠行為上的改變，探討側韁核在行為上參與的功能。實驗一的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核並不影響自發性運動能力，在不同電流強度的刺激下也不會影響。實驗二的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核造成DRL 15秒的行為有類安非他命效果之行為表現，在高頻率電刺激有較顯著類安非他命的效果。實驗三的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核造成DRL 15秒的行為之影響，會被多巴胺受體抑制劑所抵消，而單獨注射巴胺受體抑制劑並不影響DRL 15秒的行為。實驗四的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核造成DRL 15秒的行為之影響，不會被正腎上腺素受體抑制劑所抵消。實驗五的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核造成DRL 72秒的行為之影響並不如DRL 15秒的行為顯著。實驗六的結果顯示電刺激在側韁核並不會造成大鼠無法區辨酬賞的量。綜合而言，側韁核在動機行為的角色，是透過影響多巴胺系統造成行為的改變。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Behavioral function of the brain has been studied in neuroscience and progressively accumulated informative data to reveal the neurobehavioral mechanisms. It is now realized that those underlying mechanisms of behaviors is not as such simple as previous thought of limiting only in one locus of the brain or solely by one neurochemical system. The deep brain stimulation is usually used to study the behavioral function of specific brain regions. However, the mechanism of the deep brain stimulation is still unclear. The previous study has shown that electrical stimulation of the lateral habenula (LHb) successfully treated depression symptoms in the patients. It is proposed that an inhibitory role of LHb on the mibrain dopamine (DA) system which mediates the reward-related behavior. A previous study of this lab showed that lesion of habenula impaired the acquisition of differential reinforcement of low-rate responding (DRL) behavior. But, the effect of LHb stimulation on the DRL behavior is still unclear. To determine the functions of LHb involving in the behavior, the electrical stimulation was applied in LHb to observe the behavioral change of rats. The results of Experiment 1 showed that the LHb stimulation had no effect on locomotor activity. In Experiment 2, the LHb stimulation was shown to affect DRL 15-s behavior, which effects were similar to those affected by amphetamine. Experiment 3 showed that the DA receptor antagonists reversed the effects of LHb stimulation, while experiment 4 showed that norepinephrine (NE) receptor antagonists had no reversal effect on DRL 15-s behavior. In Experiment 5, the amphetamine-like behavior induced by LHb stimulation had subtle effects on DRL 72-s behavior. Experiment 6 showed that the LHb stimulation had no effect on a discrimination task. These data suggest that the LHb modulating DRL behavior is DA-dependent.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Contents
謝誌…………………………………………………………………………….Ⅰ
中文摘要……………………………………………………………………….Ⅱ
Abstract………………………………………………………………………..Ⅲ
Contents…………………………………………………………………........Ⅴ
List of Tables………………………………………………………………….Ⅶ
List of Figures…………………………………………………………..........Ⅷ
Introduction……………………………………………………………………01
The application of deep brain stimulation in clinical and pre-clinical studies.……………………………………………………………………...02
The lateral habenulal………………………………………………………03
The LHb and differential reinforcement of low-rate responding
behavior……………………………………………………………………..05
Aims and the rationale of this study……………………………………...07
Materials and Methods……………………………………………………....09
Animals……………………………………………………………………..09
Apparatus…………………………………………………………………..09
DRL operant behavior………………………………………………….09
Locomotor activity………………………………………………………10
DRL behavioral training………………………………………………..10
Discrimination task……………………………………………………...11
Surgery……………………………………………………………………..12
Electrode preparation and habenula stimulation……………………….12
Drugs………………………………………………………………………..13
Procedures…………………………………………………………………13
Experiment 1…………………………………………………………….13
Experiment 2…………………………………………………………….14
Experiment 3…………………………………………………………….15
Experiment 4…………………………………………………………….16
Experiment 5…………………………………………………………….17
Experiment 6…………………………………………………………….17
Histology……………………………………………………………………17
DRL behavioral data………………………………………………………18
Statistical analyses………………………………………………………..19
Results………………………………………………………………………...20
Experiment 1……………………………………………………………….20
Experiment 2……………………………………………………………….20
Experiment 3……………………………………………………………….21
Experiment 4……………………………………………………………….23
Experiment 5……………………………………………………………….24
Experiment 6……………………………………………………………….24
Discussion…………………………………………………………………….27
References……………………………………………………………………39

List of Tables
Table 1 The effects of lateral habenula (LHb) stimulation on DRL 72-s
Behavior (Experiment 5)………………………………………45
Table 2 Within-session analyses of the effects of lateral habenula (LHb) stimulation on a reward discrimination task (Experiment 6)…………………………………………………..46
Table 3 Number of choices made in each 10-trial block on discrimination task (Experiment 6)……………………………47


List of Figures
Figure 1 The electrode and brain stimulation in the rat……………….48
Figure 2 Histology of brain section with the LHb………………………49
Figure 3 The effects of electrical stimulation in LHb on locomotor activity (Experiment 1)…..………...…………………………50
Figure 4 The dose effects of amphetamine on the distance of locomotor activity (Experiment 1).……………...…………..51
Figure 5 The effects of LHb stimulation on DRL 15-s behavior as measured by the six dependent variables (Experiment 2).52
Figure 6 The effects of LHb stimulation on the MRE ratio of DRL-15 behavior (Experiment 2).…………………………………….53
Figure 7 The effects of SCH23390 and eticlopride on the alteration of DRL 15-s behavior induced by LHb stimulation as measured by the six dependent variables (Experiment 3).54
Figure 8 The effects of SCH23390 and eticlopride on the alteration of DRL 15-s behavior induced by LHb stimulation as measured by MRE ratio (Experiment 3)….………………..55
Figure 9 The effects of SCH23390 and eticlopride on DRL 15-s behavior, as measured by the six dependent variables (Experiment 3)……………………………………………..…56
Figure 10 The effects of SCH23390 and eticlopride on DRL 15-s behavior as measured by MRE ratio (Experiment 3).…...57
Figure 11 The effects of prazosin, yohimbine and propranolol on the alteration of DRL 15-s behavior induced by LHb stimulation, as measured by the six dependent variables (Experiment 4)……………………………………………………………….58
Figure 12 The effects of prazosin, yohimbine and propranolol on the alteration of DRL15-s behavior induced by LHb stimulation as measured by MRE ratio(Experiment 4).……………….59
Figure 13 The effects of electrical stimulation in LHb on a reward discrimination task, as measured by choice of large reward, omission rate and response latency(Experiment 6).…….60		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0099754001en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 深部大腦電刺激zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 區辨性低頻操作式制約(DRL)行為zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 側韁核zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 多巴胺受體抑制劑zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 正腎上腺素受體抑制劑zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) deep brain stimulationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) differential reinforcement of low-rate responding behavioren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) lateral habenulaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) dopamine receptor antagonistsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) norepinephrine receptor antagonistsen_US
dc.title (題名) 電刺激大鼠側韁核對區辨性低頻操作式制約行為的影響zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The effects of electrical stimulation in the lateral habenula on operant behavior maintained by the differential reinforcement of low-rate (DRL) schedule of reinforcement in the raten_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) References
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